;  \ 


^, 


^^^. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


<_ 

%  >. 


^,^ 


1.0 


I.I 


|Z2 


■  30     —^^ 

^   1^    12.0 


I 
IIIIM 


1.25  II  1.4   ,,.6 

^ 

6" 

► 

Hiotographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


23  WiST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  S72-4S03 


■.a'V' 


'^ 


'V- 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Ttohnieal  and  Bibliographic  Notaa/Notaa  tachnlquaa  at  bibllographlquat 


Tha  Irwtituta  haa  attamptad  to  obtain  tha  baat 
original  copy  avallabia  for  filming.  Faaturaa  of  thia 
copy  which  may  ba  Mbllographlcally  unlqua, 
which  may  altar  any  of  tha  imagaa  In  tha 
raproductlop,  or  which  may  algnlflcantly  changa 
tha  uaual  mathod  of  filming,  ara  chackad  balow. 


D 


D 


D 


D 


Colourad  covara/ 
Couvartura  da  coiilaur 


I     I   Covara  damagad/ 


Couvartura  andommagia 

Covara  rastorad  and/or  laminatad/ 
Couvartura  raatauria  at/ou  palllculAa 


□   Covar  titia  miating/ 
La 


D 


titra  da  couvartura  manqua 

lourad  mapa/ 
Cartaa  gAographiquaa  an  coulaur 


rn   Colourad  mapa/ 


□   Colourad  ink  (i.a.  othar  than  blua  or  black)/ 
Encra  da  coulaur  (I.a.  autra  qua  blaua  ou  noira) 

□   Colourad  platas  and/or  illuttratlont/ 
Planchas  at/ou  illuatratlons  an  coulaur 

□   Bound  with  othar  matarlal/ 
RalM  avac  d'autraa  documanta 


Tight  binding  may  causa  shadows  or  distortion 
along  intarior  margin/ 

La  raliura  sarria  paut  causar  da  i'ombra  ou  da  la 
distortion  la  long  da  la  marga  IntAriaura 

Blank  iaavas  addad  during  rastoration  may 
appaar  within  tha  taxt.  Whanavar  possibia,  thasa 
hava  baan  omittad  from  filming/ 
ii  sa  paut  qua  cartainas  pagas  blanches  ajoutias 
iors  d'una  rastauration  apparaissant  dans  la  taxta, 
mais,  lorsqua  caia  Atait  possibia,  cas  pagas  n'ont 
pas  *ti  filmAas. 

Additional  commants:/ 
Commantairas  supplimantairas: 


Thai 
toth 


L'Inatltut  a  microfilm^  la  maWaur  axamplaira 
qu1l  lul  a  §U  poaalMa  da  aa  procurar.  Laa  ditalla 
da  cat  axamplaira  qui  aont  paut-Atra  unlquaa  du 
point  da  vua  blMlographlqua,  qui  pauvant  modlflar 
una  Imaga  raproduita,  ou  qui  pauvant  axigar  una 
modification  dana  la  m4thoda  normala  da  fllmaga 
aont  indlqute  ci-daaaoua. 


I — I  Colourad  pagaa/ 


D 


Pagas  da  coulaur 

Pagas  damagad/ 
Pagas  andommagAaa 

Pagaa  raatorad  and/oi 

Pagaa  rastaurAaa  at/ou  palllcuMaa 

Pagas  discoloured,  atainad  or  foxai 
Pagas  dAcoiortea,  tachatAaa  ou  pIquAaa 

Pagas  datachad/ 
Pagas  ditachAM 

Showthrough> 
Transparanca 

Quality  of  prir 

Qualiti  InAgala  da  I'lmprasslon 

includes  supplementary  materii 
Comprend  du  matiriai  suppMmentaIra 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  MItion  diaponible 


□  Pagas  damaged/ 
Pagas 

r~~|   Pagaa  raatorad  and/or  laminated/ 

0   Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages 

rn  Pages  detached/ 

FTi  Showthrough/ 

I     I  Quality  of  print  varies/ 

r~|  includes  supplementary  material/ 

I — I  Only  edition  available/ 


Thai 
poss 
of  th 
fiimi 


Origl 
begii 
the  I 
sion, 
otha 
first 
sion, 
or  ill 


The 
shall 
TINl 
whic 

IMap 
difffl 
antii 
begi 
right 
fequ 
metl 


Pagaa  wholly  or  partially  obacurad  by  erreta 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  hava  been  ref limed  to 
enaura  the  best  possible  imege/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiailement 
obacurciaa  par  un  feuillet  d'erreta,  una  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  *t4  filmAea  i  nouveau  da  fapon  A 
obtenir  le  meilleure  image  possible. 


This  itsm  is  filmed  at  tha  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film*  au  taux  da  reduction  indiqu*  ci-dessous. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

28X 

30X 

y 

3 

12X 


16X 


20X 


a4X 


28X 


32X 


The  copy  filmed  here  hee  been  reproduced  thenke 
to  the  generoeity  of: 

Netionel  Librery  of  Cenede 


L'exempleire  film*  f ut  reproduit  grice  A  le 
gAniroeitA  de: 

BibliothAque  netionale  du  Canada 


The  image*  appearing  here  are  the  beet  quelity 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  Iceeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  becic  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  -^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  ▼  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 


Las  images  suivantee  ont  4tA  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  ue  la  condition  at 
de  la  nettetA  de  I'exemplaire  film*,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  da 
filmage. 

Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  ImprimAe  sont  filmte  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'iilustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  salon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmte  en  commen^ant  par  la 
premiere  pege  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'iilustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  dee  symboles  suivants  apparaftra  sur  la 
dernlAre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
ces:  le  symbols  — ^  signifie  "A  SUIVRE".  le 
symbole  ▼  signifie  "FIN". 


Meps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  et 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  lerge  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  ere  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  end  top  to  bottom,  es  many  frames  as 
i'equired.  The  following  diegrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  csrtes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc..  peuvent  Atre 
filmAs  A  des  taux  de  reduction  diffirents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  dtre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clichA,  il  est  film6  A  partir 
de  I'angle  sup6rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'imeges  nAcessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mAthode. 


1  2  3 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

(Eljr  itlnilninii  Mnln. 


AN 


ACCOUNT  OF  THE  CELEBRATION 


COMMEMOIUTIVK  OK  TilK  OPKNING 


OF 


RAILROAD  COMMUNICATION 


HKTWIJ.N 


BOSTON    AND    CANADA, 


SEPTEMBEU  17ih,  ISxh.  and  loxii,  1851. 


# 


irra^''    II         I  II J  .1  jaS"'-^%l|g 
Yl     EiC' STONILY      ;';M 


B  O  S  T  O  N  : 
1  H5  2. 

J.  II.  EASTBUHN,  CITY  PUJNTEH. 


L-/ 
1^  ■] 


.^4183 


1 

I 


^ 


P  R  i:  FACE 


The  Editor  of  tlie  following!;  Report,  who  was  re(|ue9tc(l  to 
prepare  it  by  the  Committee  of  the  City  Council,  to  whom  its 
preparation  was  iii  the  first  instance  entrusted,  deems  it  i)ropor, 
for  the  purpose  ot'  obvia<:in;^  misapprehension,  to  make  a  remark 
or  two  in  justice  to  the  Committee.  Had  tlie  work  been  execut- 
ed by  them,  it  w^  •uld  doubtless  have  been  far  better  done  ;  yet, 
from  tlieir  relations  to  the  City,  and  their  official  participation  in 
the  events  described,  they  would  have  labored  imdcr  some  em- 
barrassments which  could  not  be  felt  by  others  not  so  situated. 

The  only  directions  which  tlie  Editor  received  from  the  Com- 
mittee, were  to  make  the  Report  as  full  and  accurate  as  possible, 
and  to  use  all  despatcli ;  in  other  respects  he  was  left  at  liberty  to 
adopt  his  own  course  and  present  it  in  such  form  as  his  judgment 
might  approve.  AVith  these  directions  he  has  faithfully  endeavor- 
ed to  comply,  and  has  at  the  same  time  attempted,  : hough,  as  he 
is  fully  aware,  with  very  imperfect  success,  to  give  to  the  Celebra- 
tion that  character,  which,  after  a  careful  consideration  of  all  its 
relations,  it  seemed  to  him  to  be  properly  entitled. 

HosTON,  February,  ^x'y2. 


i:  II  RATA, 


•'ago  11.',  lino  m,  for  "  stirvivoH,"  road  siirvivo. 


r.i, 
i;o, 
so, 

8(i, 
lO'.l, 


33,  fi,r"T\visl(l(,ii,'    read  TxvistlotOM    .M.  I'. 

:il,  tor  "  Jo.siali  1'.  liradlcc,-  r.'a.l  J.  I'utiiam  Ura.tl.  e. 

:iii,  liir  "  Cdoinlis,"  rcail  Cimilis. 

:inl  ,,„a  .1,1.,  r.r"  Surveyor  ul  ,1,0  l'.,rt,"  read  .Naval  (Jllicem,  IN.r, ,.,  |)„s,..„ 

lor  "  A.  Apa.ssi/,"  road  A.  K.  Afiassiz.  "  "• 

linli  and  2>,'d,  Ibr  "  Stewart,"  read  Stuart. 

3a,  lor  "  Stewart,'"  read  Stuart. 


I 


,3 


RAILIIOAD  JUBILEE. 


i>r  iiiisiiiii. 


The  celebration  commemorative  of  the  completion  of  the 
great  lines  of  railway  connecting  our  City  with  the  Canadas 
and  the  West,  and  the  establishment  by  some  of  our  citizens, 
of  a  line  of  Ocean  steamships  to  facilitate  and  enlarge  our 
commercial  intercourse  with  the  Old  World,  Avas  an  event 
which  will  long  be  remembered,  and  the  history  of  which 
must  form  a  prominent  chapter  in  the  social  and  commercial 
annals  of  Boston. 

It  was  a  celebration  worthy  of  the  occasion  and  of  the 
character  of  the  City  by  which  it  was  instituted;  a  jubilee 
in  commemoration  of  the  peaceful  and  beneficent  triumphs 
of  science  and  skill,  appointed  by  a  City  distinguished  for 
the  intelligent  enterprise  and  resolute  perseverance  of  its  in- 
habitants, and  for  its  faithful  maintenance  and  promotion  of 
all  those  great  interests,  Civil,  Religious,  Literary  and  Indus- 
trial, upon  which  the  well  being  and  progress  of  a  community 
so  essentially  depend. 

However  extensive  and  brilliant  may  have  been  the  public 
pageants  on  other  occasions,  no  one,  it  is  believed,  has,  on 
this  Continent,  surpassed,  if  any  have  equalled,  that  of  the 
ITth,  18th,  and  19th  of  September.  And  the  magnitude 
of  the  enterprises  which  the  varied  ceremonies  of  those  days 
were  designed  to  celebrate,  well  entitled  them  to  be  thus 
distinguished,  when  they  arc  considered  in  all  their  present 
and  probable  future  bearings  upon  the  interests,  not  of  this 
City  and  State  alone,  but  of  all  New  England,  the  great 
AV'cst  and  the  Canadas. 


Other  ontorprisos  havo  boon  iindcrtakon  and  siircossfiilly 
accomplislied  by  our  citizoiis,  mIiIcIi  wcro  tlioii^bt  to  he, 
and  iiidi;c'd  were,  worthy  oi"  osj)ocial  comiiieinor.'itioii.  But 
these,  liowever  important  to  tlic  interests  of  the  City,  were 
local  in  their  design  and  inlhience.  To  incn^asc  the  comfort, 
the  conveniences  and  the  general  prosperity  of  the  city  or  its 
immediate  vicinity,  was  their  primary  object.  How  wise 
was  the  foresight  wiiif.'Ii  oriL'inated  and  conducted  them,  the 
present  prosj)erity  of  Boston  amply  shows.  But  thouifji  each, 
in  ils  (lesiuMi,  looked  only  to  the  attainment  of  comparatively 
limited  and  specific  results,  yet  its  successful  oijcration,  by 
inspiring  a  spirit  of  conlidcnce,  by  multij)lying  our  resources, 
and  extending  our  rekations,  served  to  prepare  the  way  for 
others  of  Lneater  magnitude. 

Thus,  step  by  step,  each  bolder  and  fauner  than  the  pre- 
ceding, has  our  City  gone  forward  in  her  energetic  career, 
until,  from  the  construction  of  ;i  bridge  across  Charles  River 
in  17S(),  she  has  projected,  and  after  many  years"  endeavor, 
has  in  a  great  measure  brougiit  to  successful  comj)letion,  a 
system  of  railroads  whose  united  length  exceeds  a  thousand 
inilcs.  Of  this  great  system  Boston  is  the  centre.  Starling 
from  within  her  limits,  seven  main  lines  extend  in  dif- 
ferent directions  through  the  State,  and  by  their  numerous 
connections  and  lateral  branches,  form,  all  over  it,  a  network 
of  iron.  Animated  by  our  example,  encouraged  by  our  suc- 
cess, and  at  times  aided  by  our  means,  the  people  of  the 
neighboring  States  have  united  their  elforts  with  ouvy,  and 
every  obstacle  to  the  easiest  interconmiunication  has  been 
overcome.  Our  borders  have  been  crossed  by  railroads  on 
every  side  that  is  not  washed  by  the  Ocean,  great  level  high- 
ways have  been  extended  through  every  State  in  New  Eng- 
land, and  we  are  connected  by  iron  bands  with  the  Canadas 
on  the  North,  and  the  great  Lakes  and  the  Valley  of  the 
]Mississii)pi  on  the  west. 

Wiien  we  rellect  that  hardly  twenty  years  have  elai)sed 
since  the  ilrst  shovelful  of  earth  was  moved  on  either  of  the 
])ubl!(^.  railroads  now  in  operation  in  our  Stale  ;  that  only  so 
far  back  as  the  year  1834,  a  locomotive  emiine   was  for  the 


wore 


lirst  time  iiitrodnrLMl  into  New  Miml.-iiid ;  and  tlint  llit3  ('iirlif.sl 
coin|iIc'(cal  ruails  won!  noi  opruccl  (or  ir;i»Ll  iin'i>nL'h  llicr." 
Avlmlc  l('ni:fli  till  tlic  year  ls:j."»,  [tlio  lloston  ;nid  Providence 
in  Jinic,  and  iIk;  IJuston  :nid  WDrcustcr  in  .in!.':|  ;nid  tlnii 
sprend  out  Ix'l'ore  ns  n  niilwiiy  ni;i|>  of  iIh;  Ni'w  linudiind 
StiUt's,  and  see  what  has  heeii  acconiplislicd  : — thai  witiiin 
tiic  limits  of  onr  own  .small  State  njuvards  ot'  a  tlionsaml 
miles  ol'  road  have  been  opened  lor  travel,  and  licyond  our 
limits  a  tlionsand  more  in  close  connection  wiili  them,  and 
tending,'  to  tlio  same  comnmn  centre,  at  a.i  outlay  'for  liie 
whole)  ol'  nearly  a  hundred  nnllions  ol'  dollars,  we  can  loriu 
some  adc(|nate  conception  ol"  the  mighty  work  that  has  been 
acconiplislicd. 

The  Railroad  Jubilee  was  designed,  then,  not  only  to  i!X- 
])ress  our  joy  at  the  Ihial  triumph  of  our  elForts  to  acconi- 
j)lis!i  enterprises  of  great  moment,  but  to  mark  with  distinct- 
ness, wjiat,  it  is  believed,  will  ever  be  consiileretl  a  prominent 
era  in  the  industrial  and  conunercial  annals  of  N(!W  England. 
And  it  is  litting  that  such  evcnits,  as  they  occur,  shoidd  bo 
conuueinoratcd  in  a  striking  and  pitldic  Uianner.  'JMiey  are 
})oiiUs  at  wiiich  it  is  Well  to  pause,  and  io(jk  back.  Com- 
forts, conveniences,  Ijlessings  are  siiov.ereil  on  us  iii  such 
j)rofusion  by  the  almost  magic  achievements  of  science  and  art, 
that  uidess  rcmiiuied  i'rom  time  to  time  of  their  reality  and 
value,  we  are  in  danger  either  of  not  thinking  of  them  at  all, 
or  at  least  of  estimating  them  at  too  low  a  rate.  Such  occa- 
sions naturally  lead  us  to  contrast  the  present  with  the  past, 
and  so  to  form  a  more  vivid  conception  of  the  changes  Vviiich 
a  few  generations  or  a  lew  years  have  wrought,  of  the  bless- 
ings which  advancing  civilization  has  conferred  on  us,  and 
of  the  responsibility  resting  ui)on  us  to  transmit,  to  our  pos- 
terity, not  diminished,  but  enlarged,  the  great  inheritance 
which  has  descended  to  us. 

And,  hi  this  view,  it  may  not  be  inaj)propriate  at  this  time 
to  take  a  further  retrospect.  For,  in  estimating  the  ciiaracter 
and  meaning  of  this  Celebration,  it  is  important  to  talce  into 
consideration  the  i|ualitics  and  condition  of  the  community 
Avhich  originated  it,  and  to  glance  at  the  nature  and  jirogress  of 


the  pioiiiiiipiit  events  of  its  history  prior  to  those  imniodiatfly 
under  coiisideratioii.  TwciHy  years  have  siilliiM-'d  to  ellcc^t  an 
immense  chaniro  in  the  social  relations,  and  the  iiKhistrial 
interests  of  all  New  I'lngland.  But  the  inl('lli^onc(!  to  ;-Miide, 
the  wisdom  and  holdness  to  plan,  the  skill,  energy  and  per- 
severance to  execnte,  so  essential  to  the  working  out  of  such 
a  revolution,  are  not  of  the  growth  of  twenty  years  ;  for  them 
wc  are  indehted  in  large  measure  to  our  fathers  ;  and  from 
tlie  foundation  of  our  City  those  (lualitics  have  constituted  u 
portion  of  the   legacy  which  each   passing   generation  has 


handed  di 


landea  down  to  its  successor.  And  thus  our  triunii)hs  <»l 
to-day  were  prepared  for  us  in  the  past :  and  the  event  we 
have  so  recently  honored,  is  but  the  last  of  a  long  series, 
■whose  united  inlluence  has  wrought  cut  results  which  can 
never  be  contemplated  without  admiration. 

It  is  now  little  more  than  two  hundred  and  twenty  years 
since  the  settlement  of  Boston.  Hardly  seven  generations  of 
men  have  passed  since  the  spot  we  now  inhabit  was  a  wil- 
derness. "Accustomed  as  we  arc  to  the  beauties  of  the  place 
and  its  vicinity,  and  in  the  daily  perception  of  the  charms  of 
its  almost  unrivalled  scenery  ; — in  the  centre  of  a  natural 
amphitheatre  whose  sloping  descents  the  riches  of  a  laborious 
and  intellectual  cultivation  adorn, — where  hill  and  vale, 
river  and  ocean,  island  and  continent,  simple  nature  and 
nnobtrusive  art,  with  contrasted  and  interchanging  harmo- 
nies, form  a  rich  and  gorgeous  landscape,  we  are  little  able  to 
realize  the  almost  repulsive  aspect  of  its  original  state.  To 
the  eyes  of  the  first  emigrants,  however,  where  now  exists  a 
dense  and  aggregated  mass  of  living  beings  and  material 
things,  amid  all  the  accommodations  of  life,  the  sjjlendors  of 
wealth,  the  delights  of  taste,  and  whatever  can  gratify  the 
cultivated  intellect,  there  were  then  only  a  few  hills  which, 
when  the  Ocean  receded,  were  intersected  by  wide  marshes, 
and  when  its  tide  returned,  appeared  a  group  of  lofty  islands 
rising  from  the  surrounding  waters.  Thick  forests  concealed 
the  neighboring  hdls,  and  the  deep  silence  of  nature  was 
broken  only  by  the  voice  of  the  wild  beast  or  bird,  and  the 
wurwhuop  of  the  savage. 


i 

I 


i 


(Ml 


C(1 


lediait'ly 
(.'licet  ail 
iidiistrial 
o  guide, 
[iiid  ))(M- 
o(  such 
for  llicm 
nd  tVoni 
ituteil  a 
Unii  has 
iiij)hs  of 
vent  wo 
1^  series, 
»ich  can 

ty  years 

alious  of 

s  a  wil- 

hc  place 

larms  of 

iiatia-al 

iiborions 

id   vale, 

irc    and 

harmo- 

3  able  to 

To 

xists  a 

laterial 

dors  of 

ify  the 

which, 

larshes, 

islands 

icealed 

re  was 

nd  the 


e 


I 


The  advantages  of  the  place  were,  however,  clearly  mark- 
ed by  iho  hand  of  nature;  combinniy  at  once  present  con- 
venience, Inture  security,  and  an  amide  basis  for  i)erinanent 

J  i.'ro\vth  and  prosperity.  Towards  the  continent  it  possessed 
but  u  single  avenue,  and  that  easily  fortified.  Its  hills  then 
commanded  not  only  its  own  waters,  but  the  hills  of  the 
vicinity.  At  the  bottom  of  a  deep  bay,  its  harbor  was  capa- 
ble of  containing  the  proudest  navy  of  lluropc ;  yet  locked 
by  islands  and  guarded  by  winding  channels,  it  |)resented 
great  difficMlty  of  access  to  strangers,  and  to  the  inhabitants 
great  facilities  for  i)rotection  agamst  maritime  invasion  ; 
M'hile  to  those  aci|uamtcd  with  its  waters,  it  was  both  easy 
and  accessible.  To  these  advantages  wore  added  goodness 
and  plenteousness  of  water,  and  the  security  alforded  l)y  that 
once  commanding  height,  now,  alas!  obliterated  and  almost 
forgotten,  since  art  and  industry  have  levelled  that  predomi- 
nating mountain  of  the  place  from  whose  lofty  and  imposing 
top,  the  beacon-fire  was  accustomed  to  rally  the  Jieighboring 
population  on  any  threatened  danger  to  the  metropolis."'  * 

Such  was  the  spot  to  which  onr  fathers  came  to  establish 
for  themselves  a  home  ;  and  such  was  the  scene  presented  to 
their  eyes.  How  wonderful  the  change,  which,  in  the  com- 
paratively short  period  of  two  hundred  years,  has  been  effect- 
ed !  But  tlie  same  bold  spirit  of  enterprise  that  led  them  to 
encounter  all  the  hazards  and  privations  of  founding  a  settle- 
ment in  the  inibroken  wilderness ;  the  same  resolute  perse- 
verance, and  uncomiuerable  energy,  that  cliaracterized  their 
after  career,  have  ever  been  prominent  traits  in  the  character 

^  of  their  descendants. 

I  Civil  and  religious  freedom  were,  indeed,  the  objects  which 

'\  rose  high  above  all  others  in  their  view,  yet  the  determined 

and  self-relying  spirit  which  actuated  them  in  their  struggle 
after  these,  gave  life,  vigor,  and  direction  to  all  their  acts, 
and  soon,  amid  the  shadows  of  tlie  dark  forest,  the  abode  of 
the  savage  and  the  wild  beast,  were  laid  deep  and  secure  the 

*  From  nn  Address  to  the  Citizens  of  Boston,  delivered  on  the  l"tli  September, 
1 830,  nt  the  close  of  the  Second  Century  after  the  Settlement  of  the  City,  by  iho 
Hon.  .Tosinh  Quinoy,  L.L.  D. 


8 


foundations  of  our  city.  Proud  as  wc  may  be,  in  view  of  our 
achievements  in  the  arts  of  peace  :  lar-rcaching  and  magnifi- 
eoiit  as  may  be  oiu"  enterprises,  yet  nothing  we  can  accom- 
nlish  can  ever  surpass  the  real  greatness  of  their  exploits. 
To  them,  under  Heaven,  the  prosperity,  \vhich  this  day 
crowns  our  City,  is  chiefly  due.  They  lighted  the  torch  to 
guide  our  steps.  They  left  us  the  priceless  legacy  of  their  ex- 
ample, and  the  still  more  precious  inheritance  of  their  spirit. 
'^^Po  fail  to  acknowledge,  on  such  an  occasion,  our  deep  obliga- 
tions to  them,  would  be  a  wrong  to  ourselves.  Our  glory  is, 
that  we  have  not  been  unmindful  of  the  lessons  they  taught, 
nor  undervalued  the  legacies  they  left. 

Familiar  as  we  all  are,  or  should  be,  with  the  history  of  our 
City,  it  may  not  be  uninteresting  or  uninstructive  to  dwell  for 
a  few  moments  upon  some  of  the  points  which  place  the  past 
and  the  present  in  striking  contrast,  and  briel'y  advert  to  a 
few  of  the  events  of  by-gone  years,  which,  though  to  us 
seemingly  unimportant,  were  the  prominent  events  of  their 
day,  and  the  germs  of  much  of  our  present  prosperity. 

In  the  year  1030,  a  "  single  cottage  from  which  ascended 
the  smoke  of  the  hospitable  hearth  of  Blackstone,  was  the 
only  mansion  in  the  solitude,"  and  an  assessment  of  thirty 
pounds  was  sufficient  for  the  purchase  of  all  the  local  rights 
in  the  Peninsula  which  Blackstone  possessed.  Now,  Boston 
and  its  vicinity,  within  a  radius  of  five  miles,  contain  at 
least  230,000  inhabitants.*  The  City  itself  has  about 
145,000,  with  an  assessed  valuation  of  one  hundred  and 
eighty-seven  millions  of  dollars.  In  1031,  a  small  bark  was 
built,  at  Mystick,  by  Gov.  Winthrop.  It  was  launched  on  the 
4th  of  July  of  that  year,  and  named  the  '*  Blessing  of  the 
Bay."  "  How  strikingly  in  contrast  the  building  of  that  little 
boat,  the  solitary  instance  of  that  year,  with  the  annual  pro- 
ductions that  now  come  from  the  shi])yards  which  line  the 
banks  of  the  Mystic — of  the  single  voyage  to  Rhode  Island, 
to  trade  for  a  hundred  bushels  of  corn,  with  that  commerce 
which  now  covers  the  wide  waters  from  the   Arctic   to  the 


*  Witliin  a  liiiliiis  of  ixty  luiios  from  the  State  llou^c  in  Boston,  tiicrc  arc  one 
million  of  inlial)it;ii!ts.  lu'.irly  all  of  whom  arc  in  convenient  iiroxiniity  to  railways 
conncoted  witli  the  tnetrojiolis.     The  rn'.lini'  em'irneps  parts  of  nei;jliboring  States. 


9 


rights 
3ostou 
taiii  at 
about 
d  and 
rk  was 
on  the 
of  the 
at  little 
lal  pro- 
ne the 
island, 
■imerce 
to  the 

arc  one 
railways 
sr  Status. 


i 


Antarctic,  and  surrounds  the  globe  with  a  constant  proces- 
sion of  the  white  winged  messengers  of  Peace  and  Plenty." 

In  April,  1635,  the  first  "  Free  School  "  was  established  in 
Boston,  twelve  years  prior  to  the  law  of  the  Commonwealth 
making  the  establishment  of  such  institutions  imperative. 
Not  to  be  able  "  perfectly  to  read  the  English  tongue,"  and 
to  "  know  the  general  laws,"  our  fathers  denomhiated  "  bar- 
barism ;" — and  from  the  day  when  they  "  entreated  our  brother 
Philemon  Pormont  to  become  schoolmaster,  for  the  nurturing 
and  teaching  children  with  us,"  to  this  hour,  when,  what 
is  e([nivalent  to  a  capital  of  twelve  hundred  thousand  dollars 
is  invested  in  school  houses,  when  two  hundred  schools  are 
maintained,  and  nearly  twenty-one  thousand  children  edu- 
cated, at  an  annual  expense  of  three  hundred  and  twenty-five 
thousand  dollars,  the  people  of  Boston  have  never  wavered 
for  a  moment  in  their  attachment  to  the  system  of  "  free 
Schools,"  or  in  their  generous  support  of  it ;  and  it  is  not  too 
much  to  say,  that  in  projjortion  to  its  means  and  population, 
no  city  in  the  world  ever  gave  more  uniform  and  unequivo- 
cal evidence  of  its  earnest  desire  to  diliuse  intellectual  power 
and  moral  culture  through  the  whole  mass  of  the  commu- 
nity. 

In  1079  the  first  fire  engine  was  procured,  and  the  first  fire 
company  organized. 

In  1704  appeared  "  The  Boston  News-Letter,"  the  first 
newspaper  ever  published  in  the  British  colonies  in  North 
America. 

In  1710  a  post-office  was  established,  and  mails  were  for- 
warded once  a  week  to  Plymouth  and  to  Maine,  and  once  a 
fortnight  to  New  York. 

i\fter  the  conclusion  of  the  war  of  the  Revolution,  the 
first  great  enterprise  in  whicli  our  citizens  engaged  was  the 
construction  of  a  bridge  leading  to  Charlcstown  over  Charles 
river.  And  it  was  an  enterprise  of  no  ordinary  magnitude 
for  those  days, — and  one  respecting  whose  ultimate  success 
there  were  many  doubts.  But  the  work  was  commenced, 
])rosecutcd  with  vigor,  and  opened  for  travel  on  the  1 7th  of 
.luiie,  KSG.     This  occasion  was  celebrated  with  appropriate 


10 


festivities.  Salutes  of  thirteen  guns  were  fired  at  sunrise 
from  Bunker's  and  Copp's  Hills  ;  a  long  procession  was 
formed  which  passed  through  the  streets  and  over  the  bridge, 
and  eight  hundred  persons  sat  down  to  a  dinner  provided  for 
them  on  Breed's  Hill.  The  number  of  spectators  present 
on  the  occasion  was  estimated  at  more  than  twenty  thou- 
sand. Now,  besides  the  seven  lines  of  railroad,  five  bridges, 
four  broad  avenues  and  two  ferries  are  daily  crowded  with 
tens  of  thousands  passing  to  or  from  the  city. 

These  few  reminiscenses  and  contrasts  are,  perhaps,  as 
well  calculated  as  any  thing  to  show  the  steady  yet  rapid 
growth  of  the  city  ;  and  to  impress  upon  the  mind  the  strong 
conviction,  that  not  to  superiority  of  natural  advantages  alone 
or  chiefly  must  it  be  ascribed.  In  this  connexion  we  quote 
from  an  address  of  Mr.  Mayor  Bigelow : — "  So  large  an  ac- 
cumulation of  people  and  wealth  on  a  single  spot,  as  is  now 
found  here,  could  hardly  have  been  anticipated  within  a  re- 
gion of  our  country  so  little  favored  by  nature.  The  sterile 
soil,  the  rugged  surface,  the  stern  climate,  and  the  want  of 
navigable  streams  in  New  England,  would  have  seemed  to 
render  it  improbable  that  it  would  ever  be  considerably  peo- 
pled, or  that  any  great  commercial  mart  should  arise  within 
its  borders.  It  would  seem  that  such  could  only  exist  within 
the  more  central  and  southerly  portions  of  the  Union,  under 
more  genial  skies,  and  in  the  vicinity  of  the  great  natural 
routes  of  inter-communication.  But  the  resolution  and  intel- 
ligent industry  of  our  fathers  surmounted  every  obstacle. 
The  region  sneeringly  stigmatized  as  having  no  natural  pro- 
ductions for  export  but  '  granite  and  ice,'  now  teems  with 
three  millions  of  the  children  of  freedom,  abounding  in  all 
the  comforts  of  civilized  life — and  its  metropolis  ranks  with 
the  great  cities  of  the  globe. 

"  It  is  to  be  borne  in  mind,  also,  that  that  metropolis  became 
an  important  city  long  before  science  and  art  had  cut  in  sun- 
der the  hills,  elevated  the  vales,  and  spanned  the  running 
waters,  to  unite  her  commerce  in  easy  and  rapid  communica- 
tion with  more  favored  climes. 

"  If  our  people  could  achieve  a  position  so  prominent  while 


; 


I 


4 


as 


: 


11 


destitute  of  any  of  the  facilities  of  intercourse  with  the  inte- 
rior, witli  which  other  cities  were  so  abundantly  '  '3ssed, 
what  may  we  not  expect  of  the  future  destiny  of  Boston 
now  that  her  iron  highways,  extending  in  all  directions, 
bring  her  into  convenient  proximity  with  every  section  of 
the  land  ?  Those  who  could  effect  so  much  under  the  most 
repelling  circumstances,  nay  be  depended  upon  to  avail 
themselves,  to  the  full,  of    heir  new  and  ample  advantages. 

"  The  long  winter  of  New  England  isolation  is  broken  ; — 
she  now  warms  and  flourishes  in  friendly  and  thrifty  inter- 
course with  the  luxuriant  West ;  and  it  is  not  too  much  to 
anticipate  that  the  day  will  come,  when  there  will  be  no 
greater  or  more  prosperous  city  upon  the  American  continent 
than  the  City  of  the  Pilgrims."  * 

When  we  see  a  community  steadily  pursuing,  through  suc- 
cessive generatioiifj,  the  same  onward  and  upward  course,  it 
can  only  be  through  the  impulse  of  the  same  ever  acting 
motives.  A  free  school  in  the  wilderness, — a  house  erected 
for  the  worship  of  God,  within  hearing  of  the  war-cry  of  the 
savage,  indicate  clearly  enough  the  principles  which  stimu- 
lated the  energies  of  our  fathers.  In  their  vigorous  pursuit 
of  material  advantages,  they  never  lost  sight  of  higher  inter- 
ests. If  their  harvests  were  abundant,  if  their  trade  was 
prosperous  and  their  resources  enlarged,  the  institutions  of 
religion,  of  learning  and  of  benevolence  shared  largely  in 
the  general  prosperity.  If  they  were  successful  in  the  accu- 
mulation of  wealth,  they  were  no  less  liberal  in  the  distribu- 
tion of  it.  To  found  a  school  or  a  college  was  as  dear  an 
object  with  them,  as  to  add  to  their  manufactures  or  extend 
their  commerce  ;  and  the  enterprise  and  thrift,  which  enabled 
them  to  foster  and  support  their  seminaries  of  learning,  de- 
rived in  return  from  them  the  intelligence  which  insured 
success.  Thus  in  harmonious  and  happy  union  grew  up 
together  and  in  mutual  dependence  all  the  pursuits  and 
institutions  essential  to  the  stability,  progress  and  happiness 


while 


*  "  Inauj:ural  Addrcs^i   to   tlie   City  Council.    By  John  Trescott  Bigelow." 
Mayor.    "Jan.  1,  IS  19 


12 


of  a  people.  And  so  now,  and  in  this  light,  must  be  viewed 
the  works  of  the  present  generation. 

The  forest  of  masts  that  almost  encircles  our  city,  the  pant- 
ing steamers  and  the  fleets  of  freighted  ships  with  outspread 
sails,  which  enliven  our  beautiful  harbor;  our  crowded  thor- 
oughfares, ringing  with  the  din  of  traflic  and  the  noisy  hum  of 
industry;  and  our  sometimes  magnificent  and  always  extensive 
and  substantial  railway  stations,  where  no  hour  passes  without 
the  entrance  or  departure  of  some  long  train  of  cars,  moved  by 
its  swift  though  ponderous  engine,  and  filled  with  passengers 
or  loaded  with  merchandize,  furnish  unequivocal  evidences  of 
the  activity,  energy  and  enterprise  of  our  citizens.  But  M'hcn 
we  see  how  liberally  the  wealth  thus  procured  is  devoted  to  un- 
selfish purposes  and  noble  ends ;  how  the  institutions  founded 
by  our  ancestors  foi  the  maintenance  of  religion  and  the  dif- 
fusion of  intellectual  and  moral  culture  are  upheld  and  extend- 
ed; how  all  the  "charities  tha«-  soothe  and  heal  and  bless" 
are  generously  supported  : — how  much  is  the  character  of  this 
activity  and  progress  exalted,  and  wbat  encouraging  proofs 
are  given  that  the  spirit  and  the  principles  of  our  fathers 
"survives  in  the  hearts  and  is  exhibited  in  the  lives  of  the 
citizens  of  Boston  ! " 

It  is  one  of  the  noblest  features  in  the  v.'hole  history  of 
our  city,  that  its  industrial  and  commercial  objects  and  suc- 
cesses have  ever  been  made  to  subserve  the  highest  interests 
of  humanity  ;  and  to  speak  of  them  out  of  this  connexion, 
and  view  them  as  merely  mercenary  in  their  aims  and  ends, 
would  mar  the  truth,  as  much  as  it  would  deface  the  beauty, 
of  that  history.  And  now,  while  dwelling  with,  we  trust  not 
improper  feelings  of  pride  and  satisfaction,  on  the  successful 
results  of  our  efforts  to  extend  and  enlarge  our  commercial 
relations,  we  may  be  pardoned  if  we  do  not  forget,  that  v/hile 
constrticting  a  thousand  miles  of  railroad,  we  have  contrib- 
uted millions  for  the  general  good. 

But,  leaving  such  considerations  and  looking  at  the  event 
so  recently  celebrated  only  in  its  commercial  character  and 
its  relations  to  the  present,  we  shall  still  find  that,  viewed  in 
any  aspect,  it  was  one  of  no  ordinary  importance  ;  and  we 


13 


may  see  in  it  an  illustration  "  how  God  draAvs  the  good  of  a 
liighcr  sphere  out  of  the  benefits  that  lie  in  a  lower  order. 
The  casual  motive  of  the  enterprise  that  has  covered  New 
England  with  nerves,  of  which  our  city  is  the  brain,  was  not 
distinctly  philanthropic.  Perhaps  it  was  chictly  selfish."  *  *  * 
"  But  Providence  had  another  and  a  higher  use  for  those  iron 
tracks  and  tlying  trains.  Mtcv  the  mercantile  heart  had  devised 
and  secured  them,  God  took  them  for  his  purposes,  without 
paying  any  tax  for  the  privilege,  he  uses  them  to  quicken  the 
activity  of  men  ;  to  send  energy  and  vitality  where  before 
was  silence  and  barrenness  ;  to  multiply  cities  and  villages, 
studded  with  churches,  dotted  with  schools,  and  filled  with 
happy  homes  and  budding  souls  ;  to  increase  wealth  which 
shall  partially  be  devoted  to  his  service  and  kingdom,  and  all 
along  their  banks  to  make  the  wilderness  blossom  as  the  rose. 
Without  any  vote  of  permission  from  legislatures  and  ollicials, 
even  while  the  cars  are  loaded  with  profitable  freight  and 
paying  passengers,  and  the  groaning  engines  are  earning  the 
necessary  interest,  Providence  sends,  without  charge,  its  car- 
goes of  good  sentiment  and  brotherly  feeling  ;  disburses  the 
culture  of  the  city  to  the  simplicity  of  the  hamlet,  and  brings 
back  the  strength  and  virtue  of  the  village  and  mountain  to 
the  wasting  faculties  of  the  metropolis ;  and  fastens  to  every 
steam-shuttle  that  flies  back  and  forth  and  hither  and  thither, 
an  invisible  thread  of  fraternal  influence,  which,  entwining 
sea-shore  and  hill-country,  mart  and  grain-field,  forge  and 
factory,  wharf  and  mine,  slowly  prepares  society  to  reali^ce,  one 
day,  the  Saviour's  prayer,  "that  they  all  may  be  one."  *  *  *  * 
"  It  is  good,"  then,  "  that  mountains  shall  be  graded,  ledges 
blasted,  fair  roads  built,  deserts  fertilized,  swamps  iilled, 
marshes  drained,  and  machinery  invented;  and  just  as  fast  as 
these  objects  are  accomplished,  better  results  than  tiu-ifty 
enter))rise  had  in  view  supervene.  There  is  more  intelli- 
gence, more  generosity,  more  enjoyment,  more  advantages 
for  securing  the  great  ends  of  human  life." 

*  *  *  "  The  visit  of  our  exccllont  Chief  ^Magistrate  and  his 
Cpbinot  bore  witness,  by  the  speed  witli  which  they  reached 
our  city  from  the  capital,  to   the  effects  of  these  material 


14 


benefits  in  making  our  countrymen  acquainted  with  each 
other,  and  in  cementing  their  fellowship.     Those  who  in- 
dulge fears  for  the  stability  of  our  nation  on  account  of  the 
extent  of  its  domain,  and  who  justify  those  fears  by  the  re- 
corded fortunes  of  ancient  empires  that  were  broken  by  the 
weight  of  their  territories,  do  not  appreciate  the  difference  be- 
tween our  condition  and  theirs,  in  a  representative  government 
and  provincial  independence.     And  yet,  admirably  devised 
as  our  scheme  of  government  is  to  promise  central  vigor  and 
permanence,  and  to  avoid  the  perils  that  spring  from  breadth 
of  territory,  diversity  of  climate,  variety  in  habits,  prejudices, 
and  the  scale  of  culture,  and  the  conflict  of  material  and  so- 
cial interests,  it  is  very  doubtful  whether  its  present  extent 
would  not  prove  too  vast  for  the  resources  of  our  Constitu- 
tion, if  we  had  been  left  to  the  old  means  of  communication 
and  intercourse.     The  framers  of  our  national  charter  would 
have  considered  the  idea   of  bringing  the  shores  of  both 
oceans   undfer   its  sway,  and   keeping  tneir   inhabitants  in 
peaceful  and  fraternal  communion,  scarcely  less  than  prepos- 
terous ;  and,  with  mail-coaches  for  the  only  conveyance  to 
Utah,  and  barks  doubling  Cape  Horn  as  the  swiftest  medi- 
ators between  Washington  and  San  Francisco,  the  attempt 
would   be   almost   useless.     But   when   California  may  be 
brourlit  within  one  week's  distance,  and   the    pioneers  of 
Iowa  and  the  planters  by  the  banks  of  the  Rio  Grande  may 
hear  the  debates  that  affect  their  interests  in  the   capitol 
before  tho  speakers  reach  their  perorations,  a  new  principle  is 
introduced  which  must  modify  all  calculations  of  national 
security  dr^xwn  from  the  infirmity  of  Athens  and  the  decline 
of  Rome.     iSteam  and  the  magnetic  wires  compel  the  cor- 
rection of  our  political  philosophy ;  and,  if  there  be  a  pre- 
eminent value  in  the  structure  of  our  civil  constitution  ;  if  it 
be  a  worthy  subject  for  rejoicing  that  the  breadth  of  a  conti- 
nent should  be  brought  under  its  sway,  and  exhibit  to  the 
world  the  lasting  triumph  of  the  experiment  of  republican 
freedom,  on  a  largor  scale   than  any  upon  which  imperial 
despotisms  have  yet  displayed  their  transient  strength,  our 
{rratitndo  is  not  more  certainly  due  to  Providence  for  the 


w 
th 


th 


15 


wisdom  and  patriotism  of  Washington,  Franklin  and  Adams, 
than  it  is  for  the  genius  of  Watt,  the  ingenuity  of  Fulton, 
and  the  mercantile  energy  which  has  threaded  our  Ibrests 
with  rail  tracks  and  disturbed  our  waters  with  steamships 
that  conquer  tides  and  storms."* 

Considered,  therefore,  either  as  one  of  a  long  series  of 
events,  which,  dating  from  the  early  settlement  of  the  city, 
and  deriving  their  essential  elements  of  success  from  the 
character  and  institutions  of  its  people,  have  contributed  to 
its  growth  and  prosperity  ;  or  in  its  relation  to  the  social  and 
commercial  interests,  present  and  prospective,  not  of  the  city 
or  the  State  alone,  but  of  all  New  England ;  and,  in  view  of 
the  happy  influence  which  it  has  already  exerted,  and  is  des- 
tined, in  its  fuller  developments  and  still  wider  extension,  yet 
more  powerfully  to  exert,  upon  the  political  relations  of  the 
States  of  our  Union,  and  upon  our  international  connexions, 
the  completion  of  the  great  system  of  railways  which,  start- 
ing from  Boston,  as  a  central  point,  and  penetrating  the 
neighboring  States  in  all  directions,  have  reached  the  Cana- 
das  and  united  the  ocean  to  the  proud  rivers  and  the  great 
inland  seas  of  the  West,  was  an  event  too  important  to  be 
passed  by  unnoticed. 

Whatever  may  have  been  the  more  immediate  and  appa- 
rent motives  which  originated  and  guided  the  enterprise, — 
allowing  to  selfishness,  competition  and  rivalry  their  full  influ- 
ence,— to  ascribe  its  successful  execution  to  these  alone  would 
be  to  take  but  a  superficial  and  imperfect  view  of  it.  It  was 
sustained,  encouraged,  and  consummated  by  the  general,  ha- 
bitual and  time-honored  spirit  of  the  community.  It  is  the 
oflspring,  not  more  of  commercial  rivalry,  than  of  wise  fore- 
sight, enlightened  patriotism,  and  disinterested  devotion  to 
the  public  weal. 

Such  being  tlie  character  of  the  enterprise,  and  the  nature 
of  our  relation  to  it  as  a  community,  it  was  natural,  as  the 
long  anticipated  day  of  its  completion,  to  which  we  had  been 
so  largely  instrumental,  and  in  which  our  interests  were  so 


the 


*  "The  Eiuli'Oiul  JiiMk'c.    Two  Discourses  dclivciecl  in  Ilollis  street  Meeting- 
liouse.    Sunday,  Sept.  21,  ISJl.    Uy  Thomas  Starr  King." 


16 


deeply  involved,  M'as  at  hand,  that  the  public  attention  should 
be  turned  to  the  subject,  and  that  its  importance  should  bo 
more  directly  and  fully  realized. 

Nor  was  it  forgotten  by  the  members  of  the  government,  in 
their  consideration  of  the  subject,  that  the  proposed  celebra- 
tion would  ailbrd  to  the  city  a  favorable  opportunity  to  testify 
to  the  neighboring  Provinces,  and  so  to  the  whole  of  the 
British  Empire,  its  respectful  and  friendly  consideration.  It 
seemed  not  improper  that  that  Boston  whose  citizens  played 
so  prominent  a  part,  for  reasons  satisfactory  to  themselves, 
in  the  revolution  which  separated  the  two  nations,  should 
now,  for  reasons  cijually  satisfactory,  bo  no  less  prompt, 
hearty  and  energetic  in  the  work  of  their  reconciliation. 
It  seemed  to  them,  that  to  impro/e  this  opportunity  could 
not  fail  to  be  agreeable  to  the  heart  and  attractive  to  the 
imagination  of  every  one  in  the  community.  The  City, 
too,  is  the  metropolis  of  that  Massachusetts  whose  citizens, 
as  armed  provincial  or  continental  soldiers,  had  fought  and 
lost  and  won  many  a  fierce  battle  against  the  inhabitants  of 
those  provinces,  but  whose  recollections  of  this  border  inter- 
course are  associated  with  nothing  worse  than  hard  blows 
cordially  given  and  gallantly  returned, — not  with  instances 
of  malignity,  nor  with  any  circumstances  tending  to  impair 
their  respect  for  the  })ersonal  qualities  of  their  former  antago- 
nists. As  representing  that  community,  therefore,  it  behoved 
Boston  to  avail  herself  of  the  chance  so  offered  her  to  express 
to  the  peo])le  of  the  British  Provinces  her  thorough  apprecia- 
tion of  their  character,  and  her  desire  to  consider  their 
present  friendship  as  etpially  sincere  and  manly  with  their 
long-past  hostility,  and  to  say  that  while  she  remembers  her 
competitors  at  those  old  Olympic  Games  with  more  affection 
than  resentment,  yet  she  is  willing  to  propose  to  them  that 
their  mutual  competition  shall,  in  future,  be  of  a  different  sort, 
— instead  of  testing  each  other's  power  of  destruction,  to  vie 
with  each  other  in  mutual  good  offices,  and  in  earnest  efforts 
to  advance  the  welfare  and  happiness  of  man. 

Impressed  with  such  views  and  feelings,  and  hi  the  full 
confidence  that  their  inotivf;s  would   be  justly  appreciated. 


17 


311  should 
liould  bo 

iment,  in 
.  celebra- 
te testify 
e  of  the 
tion.     It 
s  played 
mselves, 
,  should 
prompt, 
filiation. 
ty  could 
i  to  the 
le   City, 
citizens, 
ght  and 
tants  of 
3r  inter- 
.  blows 
istances 
impair 
antago- 
choved 
express 
)precia- 
r   their 
their 
ers  her 
ibction 
m  that 
]t  sort, 
to  vie 
efibrts 

e  full 
;iated, 


and  that  their  action  would  meet  the  hearty  approval  of  their 
fellow-citizens,  the  Municipal  Authorities  of  Boston  adopted, 
at  an  early  day,  preparatory  measures  for  the  appropriate 
celebration  of  the  crowning  event  which  was  deemed  so  aus- 
picious to  the  social,  political  and  commercial  interests  of  the 
city.  Encouraged  by  the  many  tokens  of  interest  in  the  oc- 
casion, which  were  manifested  both  at  home  and  abroad,  and 
animated  by  the  desire  of  rendering  the  celebration  worthy  of 
the  character  of  the  city  ove  wliose  interests  they  presided, 
and  in  some  measure  commensurate  with  the  magnitude  of 
the  work  to  be  commemorated,  tliey  resolved  to  devote  three 
days  to  this  purpose,  and  accordingly  designated  the  17th, 
ISth  and  19th  of  September  to  be  observed  as  days  of  public 


rejoicing. 


The  occasion  has  passed  ;  all  the  outward  signs  of  rejoicing 
have  disappeared ;  and  the  multitude,  who  had  gathered  to 
our  City  from  far  and  near  to  witness  our  prosperity  and  hap- 
piness, to  partake  our  hospitality,  and  share  our  joy,  have 
long  since  left  us.  But  the  memory  of  those  days  still  lives  ; 
the  friendly  and  fraternal  relations  then  formed,  we  trust, 
will  never  be  destroyed, — and  the  happy  inliuences  which 
i  naturally  emanate  from  such  an  occasion,  will,  as  we  hope, 

continue  to  exert  a  living  power  long  after  the  name  of  the 
Railroad  .Tubilee  shall  have  sunk  into  oblivion. 

That  Jubilee  must,  however,  for  a  long  time,  be  regarded 
as  an  interesting  occurrence  in  the  history  of  Boston.  The 
magnitude  of  the  enterprises  whose  accomplishment  it  was 
designed  to  celebrate,  the  number  of  distinguished  persons 
I'rom  distant  parts  of  our  own  country  and  from  the  neigh- 
boring Provinces  of  Great  Britain,  who  honored  it  with  their 
presence — the  vast  multitudes  v/lio  gathered  from  all  (juarters 
to  witness  and  share  its  festivities — the  extent  and  variety 
of  the  preparations  made  to  ensure  its  success,  and  the  gen- 
erous and  hearty  zeal  for  its  promotion,  manifested  by  every 
class  of  our  citizens,  all  served  to  invest  the  occasion  with 
more  than  ordinary  interest.  As  a  not  unimportant  event 
ill  our  history,  therefore,  it  is  worthy  of  a  permanent  de- 
scription ;  and,  as  furnishing  a  striking  picture  of  the  times, 


IS 


ns  expressing  the  sentiment  and  embodying  some  of  the 
most  imf)ortant  cluiructcristics  ot"  Iho  age,  it  will  have  a 
hiii;h  value  in  tlie  eyes  of  the  future  historian,  and  will  bo 
looked  back  upon  by  succeeding  sienerations  witii  the  same 
interest,  and  let  us  hope,  with  something  of  the  same 
])ride  and  satisfaction,  with  which  we  now  dwell  upon 
the  acts  of  those  who  have  preceded  us.  But  not  for  the 
future  only  should  an  account  of  tliis  event  bo  written. 
The  interest  in  the  occasion  has  not  yet  so  died  out  in  our 
own  hearts,  that  we  may  not  derive  some  satisfaction  from  a 
review  of  its  pleasing  features ;  and  by  the  many  sons  of  New 
England  scattered  ail  over  our  land  and  the  world,  it  must  be 
welcomed  with  some  pleasure,  if  only  as  a  voice  from  home, 
while,  to  those  both  at  home  and  abroad,  who  are  not  familiar 
with  our  history,  resources  and  institutions,  it  may  serve  to 
give  more  correct  views  of  us  as  a  community. 

It  is  proposed,  therefore,  to  give  as  accurate  and  circum- 
stantial an  account  as  is  possible,  of  the  three  days'  Jubilee, 
and  every  effort  has  been  made  to  ensure  its  completeness,  and 
also,  to  furnish  in  an  Appendix  such  statistical  and  other 
matter  as  may  have  relation  to  the  subject,  or  serve  to  illus- 
trate the  past  or  present  character  and  condition  of  our  City. 

That  the IX  must  be  many  imperfections  in  the  manner  in 
which  this  task  has  been  executed,  and  doubtless  some  im- 
portant omissions,  every  intelligent  person  will  readily  under- 
stand. It  is  hoped,  however,  that,  as  they  are  involuntary,  if 
not  unavoidable,  they  will  be  as  readily  forgiven. 


1 


I 


by| 
tic 


W 

th« 
th< 
so 

wi 
wi 
tak 
Sei 


W( 


ui 


10 


le  of  the 
I  have  a 
1  will  be 
tlic  same 
ho  same 
ell  upon 
t  for  the 

written. 
It  in  our 
)n  from  a 
IS  of  New 
t  must  be 
»m  home, 
t  familiar 

serve  to 

circum- 
'  Jubilee, 
ness,  and 
nd  other 
;  to  illus- 
ir  City, 
anner  in 
lome  im- 
y  under- 
mtary,  if 


i 


THE    JUBILEE. 

On  the  1 1th  of  July,  the  first  public  measure  was  adopted 
by  the  City  Government  for  the  institution  of  the  celebra- 
tion, by  the  passage  of  the  following  Preamble  and 
Resolves  : — 

'•'  In  Board  of  Mayor  and  Aldermen, 
July  14,  1S51. 

"  The  Mayor  oflered  the  following  Preamble  and  Resolve : — 
Whereas  it  ic  understood  that  the  line  of  Railways,  uniting 
the  Cities  of  Moi^treal  and  Boston,  will  be  completed  during 
the  present  month,  and  whereas  it  is  desirable  that  an  event 
so  important  should  be  appropriately  celebrated — Therefore, 

Resolved,  That  the  whole  Board  of  Mayor  and  Aldermen, 
with  such  as  the  Common  Council  may  join,  be  a  Committee 
with  full  powers  to  consider  and  report  what  action  shall  be 
taken  by  the  City  Government  of  Boston  in  the  premises. 
Sent  down  for  concurrence.  Came  up  concurred,  and 
Francis  Brinley,  Esq.,  President  of  the  Common  Council, 
Messrs.  Charles  H.  Stearns,  -        -         - 

.Tames  B.  Allen  _  -  _  _ 
Iliram  Bosworth,  -  -  -  - 
Henry  J.  Gardner,  .        -        - 

Benjamin  Beal,  -  -  -  - 
John  P.  Putnam,  -  -  -  - 
James  W.  Sever,  -  -  -  - 
Daniel  N.  Haskell,  -        _         - 

Newell  A.  Thompson,  -  -  - 
Ezra  Lincoln,  (and  by  a  subsequent 
vote,  Otis  Kimball,)  -  -  - 
Albert  T.  Minot,  -  -  -  - 
and  Josiah  Dunham,  Jr., 
were  joined." 

The  following  Preamble  and  Resolution,  which  is  the  one 
under  which  the  Committee  acted,  was  moved  in  the  Com^ 


of  Ward  1, 

« 

2, 

1  • 

3, 

4, 

5, 

6, 

T, 

8, 

9, 

10, 

n. 

12, 

"^ 


GO 


J 


ii 


mon  Council  on  tho  stinio  evi-nino:,  by  K/m  Liiirolii,  I-'iSfj.,  as 
an  oriu'inal  nicasiire,  and  was  adopted,  sent  up  lor  concnr- 
reiicc,  and  concurred  in  :  so  that  tho  two  brauehes  of  the 
City  (jiovernmenl  ecjually  and  harmoniously  coiunicncod  tho 
movement. 

"Whereas,  it  is  nnderstood  that  tho  lino  of  railways  unitini: 
tho  Cities  of  Montreal  and  IJoston,  will  bo  completed  during 
the  present  month,  and  whereas  it  is  deemed  that  an  event  so 
important  shoidd  be  api)ropriately  celebrated,  therefore, 

Resolved,  That  a  Committee  of  this  Hoard,  consisting  of 
ono  from  each  Ward,  to  be  joined  ])y  a  (Jommitteo  whom  the 
Mayor  and  Aldermen  shall  appoint,  be  a  Conmiittco  with  full 
powers  to  consider  and  determine  what  action  shall  be  taken 
by  the  City  Government  of  Boston  in  the  premises." 

The  same  Committee  was  appointed  under  both  resolu- 
tions. 

At  a  meeting  of  this  Committee  on  a  subsequent  day,  tho 
following  Sub-Committees  were  formed,  viz  : — 
On  Circular.     Alderman  Rogers — Messrs.  Sever  and  Put- 
nam. 
To  arrange  for  a  meeting  of  the  Merchants.      Alderman 

Holbrook — Messrs.  Sever  and  Gardner. 
On  Invitation  and  Reception.     The  Mayor — the  President  of 
the  Common  Council,  Aldermen  Holbrook  and   Briggs — 
Messrs.  Lincoln,    Putnam,  Haskell,     Minot,    Thompson, 
Sever,  Kimball. 
On  Escort  and  Procession.     Aldermen  Kimball  and  Mun- 
roe — Messrs.  Brinley,  Dunham,  Stearns,  Beal,  Allen,  Has- 
kell. 
On  a  Public  Diyincr.     The  Mayor — Aldermen  Sniitli  and 

Munroe — Messrs.  Thompson,  Beal,  Allen  and  Dunham. 
On  Railroad  Maps.     Alderman  Kimball — Messrs.  Lincoln 

and  Minot. 
On  a  Harbor  Excursion.     The  Mayor — Alderman  Grant — 

Messrs.  Gardner,  Kimball,  Bosworth,  Lincoln  and  Beal. 
On   Fire   Works.      Aldermen    Briggs    and    Clark — Messrs. 

Haskell,  Lincoln  and  Thompson. 
On  a  Visit  to  Public  Institutions.     The  whole  Committee, 


i 


ti 
f(| 


21 


,  Ksq.,  (IS 
r  coiicin- 
-s  of  tlu! 
iicod  tli(! 

's  iiiiitiiii; 
d  (luring 
i  event  ho 
orr, 

listing  of 
.'luirn  the 
witii  full 
be  takou 

li  resolu- 

duy,  tlio 

ind  Put- 

Lldermau 

sidcnt  of 
3riggs — 
ompson, 

d  ^lu li- 
en, Has- 

lith  and 

lani. 

Lincoln 

jlrant — 

3cal. 

■Messrs. 

imittce. 


4 


4 

4 


i 


For  the  |)ur|)tvse  of  inaUing  the  intentions  of  the  City  Oov- 
ernincnt,  as  expressed  by  the  above  Preamble  and  llest-lvc, 
mnro  generally  known,  of  calliii','  the  attention  of  the  citi- 
/Ilmis  more  particularly  to  the  jirescnt  and  prospective  magni- 
tude of  the  interests  involved  in  our  railway  enterprises,  and 
of  inviting  their  co-operation  in  the  j)roposed  celebration,  the 
following  Circular  was  issued  :— 

To  the  Citizens  of  Boston  : 

Tlio  City  (lovcrnmcnt  of  ])Ostoii  propose  to  celebrate,  In  an  up- 
))ri>iinate  muinier,  the  iitial  cniuiiletiou  of  the  great  lines  of  rail- 
^vuv  unit  ill''  the  tide  v,utcr  at  IJoston  with  the  Cauadas  and  the 
great  West ;  and  also  the  estal^liHlinient  ot  American  lines  ot 
steamers  between  ]Joston  and  Liverpool.  The  importance  (jf  these 
events  to  the  great  social  and  commercial  interests  of  our  city 
can  hardly  ho  exaggerated.  "We  arc  uov.-  about  to  ivulize,  it  is 
believed,  the  full  Ijcnefit  of  those  great  enterprises,  in  the  ))eri'ect- 
ing  of  which  we  have  expended  so  nmch  capital.  There  ra-o  nov.' 
coiiijiletcd  and  in  operation,  in  Massachusetts  aione,  about  li'OO 
miles  of  raihvay;  and  in  New  I-higland,  about  2400  miles.  Mas- 
sachusetts has  exi)cnded,  iu  the  completion  of  these  roads,  the 
enormous  amount  of  ,^")4, 000,000  ;  and  it  ai)pears  from  the  rc- 
\)o\'U  of  the  several  railroad  corjiorations  in  this  State,  made  to 
the  last  Legislature,  that  there  were  trans])orted  over  the  Massa- 
chusetts roads  alone,  during  the  year  ISoO,  l>,r)00,000  passen- 
gers, and  2,r)00,000  tons  of  freight.  This  statement,  however, 
but  imperfectly  presents  the  advantages  -which  we  are  to  derive 
from  tlicse  works.  The  railways  of  Ma.jsachusetts  are  but  a. 
small  link  in  the  gi'cat  lines  which  connect  us  with  remoter  sec- 
tions of  our  country. 

The  several  lines  connecting  us  with  the  Canadas,  northern 
New  York,  the  great  lakes  and  the  far  West,  are  now  comjtieted, 
uniting  us  by  railroad  and  steam  navigation  with  thirteen  States 
of  the  Union,  comprising  an  area  of  -l-'S,"!'")  scpiare  miles  ;  the 
two  Canadas,  the  lakes,  with  their  5000  miles  of  coast ;  and 
In-inging  within  our  commercial  sphere  a  population  of  ten  millions 
of  inhabitants.  The  business  of  the  lakes  and  the  Canadas,  and 
its  rapid  yearly  increase,  are  worthy  of  especial  consideration.  U 
is  estimated  that  the  im])ort3  and  exports  of  the  Lak(!  Ifarl-ors, 
exclusive  of  the  Canadas,  during  the  present  year,  will  be 
$200,000,000.  The  annual  increase  of  this  business  is  found  to 
he  IT  1-2  per  cent.,  thus  doubling  itself  in  less  than  six  yoiu's.  In 
addition  to  this,  the  imports  and  exports  of  the  Canadas  will 
amount  during  the  present  year  to  $50,000,000. 


23 


1 1 


And  now  ■what  are  the  advantages  Avhich  Boston  possesses,  for 
doing  this  immense  business  ?  These  are  so  manifest,  that  their 
importance  ■will  be  readily  appreciated.  Her  harbor  is  one  of  the 
iincst  in  the  ■world.  Her  wharves  and  storage  accommodations 
are  equal,  if  not  superior,  to  those  of  any  other  city,  and  capable 
of  indefinite  extension.  Her  local  position  is  unrivalled,  and  the 
enterprise  and  integrity  of  her  merchants  are  well  known.  The 
lines  of  railway  to  which  we  have  alluded,  all  centre  in  her  and 
radiate  from  her.  It  is  ascertained,  from  the  actual  results  of 
this  year's  business,  that  under  favorable  circumstances,  all  kinds 
of  provisions  can  bo  brought  from  the  West,  through  these  new 
lines  of  communication,  to  Boston,  more  speedily  and  at  a  less 
expense  than  to  any  other  Atlantic  port. 

In  this  connection  it  may  not  be  amiss  to  remark  that  the  books 
of  the  Custom  House  show,  that  the  merchandise  transported  to 
tlie  (.'anadas  from  the  district  of  Boston  and  Charlestown,  for  the 
six  months  ending  June  30,  1851,  was  more  than  (|uadruple  that 
of  the  six  months  next  preceding  January  1,  1851. 

Merc]\andise  can  be  landed  at  Ogdensburgh,  on  Lake  Ontario, 
put  on  board  the  cars  at  that  place,  brought  to  Boston  without 
trans-shipment,  and  from  here  exported  to  England  by  means  of 
our  steamships,  in  a  much  less  time  than  it  can  be  done  by  any 
other  route.  It  seems  to  us,  then,  that  Boston  has  every  facility 
for  becoming  a  great  exporting  as  well  as  importing  city.  Cargoes 
from  Liverpool  in  steamships,  via  Boston,  may  be  dcUvered  in 
^Montreal  in  twelve  days. 

This  fact,  taken  in  connection  with  the  fact  that  the  St.  Law- 
rence is  closed  by  ice  during  five  months  of  the  year,  and  that 
the  communication  Avitl\  Boston  is  uninterrupted  during  the  whole 
year,  must  make  Bof="con,  as  it  seems  to  us,  the  port  of  entry  for 
the  Canadas,  thus  opening  to  us  a  business,  the  extent  of  which 
we  have  not  begun  to  realize.  The  eligibility  of  our  location  as  a 
shipping  port  for  the  Canadas,  will  be  seen  by  the  following  state- 
ment of  distances,  as  compared  with  New  York. 

From  Liverpool,  via  Halifax    To  Boston.  2876  miles.    To  Now  York,  3093  miles 
"  "  (liivct        -         -         -        18J0     "  "  "  3073     " 

Prom  Ilalil'iix 30S    "  "  '•  5S0    " 

From  Montreal           -        .         -         .         S44    "           "          "  .S93     '• 

The  distance  from  Liverpool  to  Montreiil  via  Boston  is        -        -        ;i-200    '• 
"Wliilc  via  Xcw  Yorlv  it  is .■>-i71     " 

The  difference  between  Liverpool  and  Montreal,  in  favor  of 
Boston  over  New  York,  is  271  miles. 

In  view  of  the  above  facts,  and  in  conformity  with  the  expressed 
wishes  of  many  of  the  cl!.izens  of  Boston,  the  City  Government 
propose  to  celebrate  the  comijlction  of  these  lines  of  railways,  by 
a  festival  in  Faneuil  Hall,  and  other  appropriate  ceremonies.     It 


8 


1 

i 


h  K 


23 


of 


is  proposed  to  invite  to  be  present  with  us  on  that  occasion,  the 
Gcvernor-General  of  Canada,  his  Stalf  and  Cabinet,  the  leading 
Tncmbcrs  of  the  Canadian  Parliament,  the  Corporation  of  ^lon- 
trcal,  the  leading  merchants  in  all  the  Canadian  cities  and  Ogdens- 
burg,  the  President  of  the  United  States  and  his  Cabinet,  the 
Governors  of  the  New  England  States,  the  Presidents  of  all  the 
Railways  in  New  England,  the  Mayors  of  the  cities  of  New  Eng- 
land, and  others  interested  in  railways  and  steam  navigation. 

We  cordially  invite  the  co-opcratiou  of  our  fellow  citizens  of 
Boston,  in  order  that  this  celebration  may  be  made  in  some  de- 
gree commensurate  with  the  great  importance  of  the  events  to  bo 
celebrated. 

For  the  Committee  of  Arrangements, 

JoDN  P.  BiGELOW,  Blaijor. 
Citij  Hall,  Boston,  August  1,  1851. 

The  facts  disclosed  in  this  circular  place  in  a  strong  light 
the  importance  of  the  growing  trade  of  Canada  and  our  re- 
lations to  it ;  and  as,  on  the  completion  of  the  lines  of  road 
leading  northward  and  westward,  we  should  be  brought  within 
twelv^e  hours  travel  of  Montreal,  one  of  her  principal  cities, 
and  thus  the  way  be  opened  for  an  unbroken,  rapid  and  mu- 
tually advantageous  intercourse,  it  was  peculiarly  appropriate 
that  our  Canadian  friends  should  be  invited  to  be  present  at 
the  celebration,  and  that  Ave  should  give  expression  to  our 
wish  to  be  united  to  them  by  the  golden  chains  of  friendly 
and  social  regard,  as  well  as  by  the  iron  bands  of  commercial 
interest. 

To  this  end  it  was  deemed  advisable  that  a  deputation  fron 
the  General  Committee  should  personally  visit  the  Canada?. 
This  -was  accordingly  done,  and  the  Sub-Committee,  consist- 
ing of  Mr.  Francis  Brinley,  President  of  the  Council,  and 
Messrs.  Lincoln,  Putnam,  Haskell,  Thom]json,  Sever,  Kim- 
ball and  Gardner,  proceeded  upon  their  mission,  charged 
with  the  following  note  of  invitation  from  t!ie  [Mayor  to  tlie 
Governor  Cxeneral : 

'•'Bovro\,  \rn.  8,  IS.'JI. 
rdv  Lord, — ■ 

The  City  Government  of  Boston  propose  to  celebrate,  at 
an  early  day,  with  appropriate  ceremonies,  the  completion  of 


1 


1 1  l<ll 

I 


24 


the  great  lines  of  railway  uniting  Boston  with  the  Canadas 
and  the  Western  States,  and  I  am  directed  to  invite  you  to 
honor  us  with  your  presence  upon  the  occasion.  The  invi- 
tation I  accordingly  now  most  respectfully  transmit,  assuring 
you  that  your  acceptance  would  gratify  this  community  gen- 
erally, and  that  you  would  he  received  by  this  City  as  a  most 
welcome  and  honored  guest. 

A  select  Committee  of  our  City  Council  are  charged  with 
the  delivery  of  this  note,  and  will  solicit  your  compliance 
with  the  wishes  of  the  Government  and  people  whom  they 
represent. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be,  with  great  respect, 
Your  Lordship's  obedient  servant, 

John  Prescott  Bigelow, 

Mayor  of  Boston. 

To  His  Excellennj  the  Earl  of  Elgin  and  Kincardine,  Captain-  General  and  fi'oi;- 
ernoT-in-Cliief  of  the  British  Possef.sions  in  North  Ameriot." 

The  Sub-Committee  were,  everywhere,  received  with  the 
utmost  cordiality,  and  entertained  with  that  genuine  English 
hospitality  so  familiar  to  our  admiration,  and  all  their  bright 
anticipations  were  more  than  realized. 

The  following  account  of  their  visit,  drawn  up  from  a  se- 
ries of  letters  written,  on  the  return  of  the  delegation,  by 
one  of  its  members,*  and  published  in  one  of  the  news- 
papers, (the  Daily  Atlas,)  maybe  read  with  interest  in  this 
connexion.  As  the  delegation  represented  the  City  of  Boston, 
the  courtesies  and  kindness  extended  to  its  members  by  the 
citizens  of  Canada  require  this  public  acknowledgement. 

The  Committee  were  furnished  by  the  Presidents  of  the 
northern  lines  of  railway  with  free  passes  over  the  various 
roads,  and  by  our  merchants  and  public  men  with  letters  of 
introduction  to  the  Canadian  merchants  and  authorities  ;  and, 
animated  with  the  (iosire  to  render  the  Railroad  Jubilee  of 
18;j1  worthy  of  the  character  of  the  city  whose  representatives 
they  were,  they  left  Boston  on  Saturday,  August  9th,  and  pro- 
ceeded by  the  Boston  and  Maine  Railroad  to  Lawrence,  and 


I 


th 
ai 


111 
Ca 


*  Daniel  N.  Haskell,  Esq. 


I 


23 


thence  by  the  Manchester  and  Lawrence,  Concord,  Northern, 
and  Vermont  Central  Raih'oads  to  Northfield,  Vermont.  At 
Nortlificld  they  were  most  hos;iitably  entertained,  and  had 
an  interview  v/ith  the  Hon.  Charles  Paine,  and  his  associates 
iti  the  direction  of  the  Vermont  Central,  and  Vermont  and 
Canada  Roads,  from  whom,  and  from  other  gentlemen  con- 
nected with  the  lines  of  road  to  Canada,  they  obtained  much 
valuable  information. 

As  it  was  the  design  and  purpose  of  the  City  Authorities 
to  make  the  celebration  one  of  a  general  character,  a  portion 
of  the  Committee  passed  over  from  Northfield  to  Burlington 
to  confer  with  the  President  and  Officers  of  the  Burlington 
and  Rutland  Railroad,  and  make  arrangements  with  them 
respecting  the  passage  over  their  road  of  such  of  our  Cana- 
dian friends  as  might  wish  to  travel  by  that  route. 

The  Committee  left  Northfield  at  5  o'clock,  A.  M.,  on 
Monday,  August  11th,  and  arrived  at  West  Alburgh,  a  dis- 
tance of  ninety  miles,  in  three  and  a  half  hours  running  time, 
or  four  hours,  including  stops.  They  crossed  Lake  Cham- 
plain  in  the  steamer  Ethan  Allen,  and  found  that  arrange- 
ments had  been  made  for  their  accommodation  by  the  agents 
and  officers  of  the  Ogdensburg,  or  ''Northern"  Road,  as  it  is 
called  in  the  region  through  Avhich  it  passes. 

In  crossing  Lake  Champlain,  the  steamer's  course  was 
parallel  with  the  extensive  structure,  built  under  authority 
of  an  act  of  the  New  York  Legislature,  passed  at  its  last 
session,  by  means  of  which  the  trains  will  pass  across  an 
opening  between  two  piers,  upon  a  long  floating  barge,  pro- 
pelled by  steam,  and  arranged  to  float  into  square  sections  at 
each  end  of  the  piers.  This  work  is  so  nearly  completed  that 
only  a  short  time  wfll  be  required  to  enable  a  train  to  cross 
this  open  space.  The  roads  which  terminate  at  this  point 
have  a  large  area  secured  for  their  accommodation. 

The  cars  of  the  Ogdensburg  Road  were  here  taken.  The 
train  consisted  of  five  well-filled  passenger  cars,  and  the 
smoothness  with  which  it  passed  at  a  high  rate  of  speed  over 
the  rails,  was  the  subject  of  general  remark.  The  road 
passes  through  a  level  region,  and  although  the  soil  does 


26 


I 


Mi  ' 


not  appear  to  be  in  a  very  high  state  of  cultivation,  yet,  at 
some  points  of  the  line,  there  is  sufficient  evidence  that  it  is 
capable  of  producing  heavy  crops.  When  settled  upon  and 
improved,  this  country  will  doubtless  be  one  of  the  finest 
agricultural  regions  in  the  northern  part  of  the  United 
States. 

New  buildings  are  already  springing  up  along  the  entire 
course  of  the  road,  and  at  each  stopping  place  there  were  un- 
mistakable evidences  that  the  increased  facilities  for  business, 
which  the  road  furnishes,  were  exerting  a  most  beneficial  in- 
fluence upon  the  trade  and  growth  of  the  small  towns 
through  which  it  passes. 

At  the  town  of  Malone,  about  sixty  miles  from  Rouse's 
Point,  the  Committee  met  T.  P.  Chandler,  Esq.,  President 
of  the  Ogdensburg  Road,  Col.  C.  L.  Schlatter,  its  superin- 
tendent, and  Mr.  Hoyle  and  Mr.  Horton,  two  of  the  direc- 
tors. 

These  three  gentlemen  accompanied  the  Delegation  over 
the  road,  and  Col.  Schlatter  kindly  offered  to  go  to  Toronto 
with  them.  The  offer  was  accepted,  and  as  this  gentleman 
was  well  known  throughout  the  route,  his  assistance  was  of 
great  service.  The  officers  of  the  railroad,  and  all  persons 
interested  in  the  various  lines  communicating  with  it,  ex- 
pressed deep  interest  in  the  objects  of  the  Committee,  and 
most  kindly  oflfered  them  their  aid. 

The  train,  after  leaving  Rouse's  Point,  reached  Ogdens- 
burg in  five  and  a  half  hours.  This  place  is  four  hundred 
miles  from  Boston.  The  average  speed  at  which  the  entire 
journey  had  been  accomplished  was  twenty-two  miles  an 
hour,  including  stops. 

The  lands  owned  by  the  railway  company  at  Ogdensburg 
are  very  extensive.  The  buildings  are  very  large,  and  make  a 
fine  appearance  from  the  water.  A  short  examination  showed 
that  the  most  ample  arrangements  had  been  made  for  the 
accommodation  of  all  kinds  of  freight,  and  for  the  safety  and 
convenience  of  vessels  engaged  in  its  transportation. 

The  deputation  took  passage,  at  Ogdensburg,  in  the  steamer 
Niagara,  for  licwiston,  and  as  the  boat  passed  out  into  the 


27 


n,  yet,  at 
that  it  is 
ipon  and 
lie  finest 
!   United 

16  entire 
were  iin- 
biisiness, 
ificial  in- 
;1   towns 

Rouse's 
'resident 

superin- 
le  direc- 

ion  over 
Toronto 
ntlemau 
e  Avas  of 
persons 
.  it,  ex- 
tee,  and 

Ogdens- 
:iundred 
le  entire 
liles  an 

ensburg 
make  a 
showed 
for  the 
ety  and 

steamer 
nto  the 


I 


middle  of  the  river  St.  Lawrence,  her  passengers  had  a  fine 
view  of  the  town,  situated,  as  it  is,  upon  ground  somewhat 
elevated  above  the  river,  and  presenting  a  very  handsome 
appeaiance.  The  St.  Lawrence  is  about  a  mile  and  a  quarter 
wide  at  this  point.  Upon  the  Canada  side,  opposite  Ogdens- 
buvg,  and  situated  upon  a  beautiful  rising  ground,  is  the  town 
of  Prescott,  over  the  sign  of  whose  Customs  Warehouse  the 
Englis).  arms,  with  the  letters  V.  R.,  were  the  firs';  indica- 
tions noticed  that  the  party  had  reached  the  British  Prov- 
inces. 

The  sail  upon  the  St.  Lawrence,  on  board  of  the  spacious 
and  commodious  steamer,  was  most  delightful.  The  power- 
ful engines  of  the  "Niagara  "  forced  her  through  the  oppos- 
ing current  at  a  rapid  rate,  and  the  route  led  among  the 
iamous  "  Thousand  Islands  "  and  through  scenery  of  the 
most  picturesque  and  interesting  description.  Early  in  the 
evening  the  boat  Avas  gliding  over  the  Av^aters  of  Lake  Ontario, 
and  at  dawn  the  fort  ut  Niagara  Avas  in  sight.  Arrived  at 
Lewiston,  a  portion  of  the  Comr^ittee  took  passage  in  a 
steamer  for  Hamilton,  situated  about  forty  miles  Avest  from 
Toronto,  and  from  its  rapidly  increasing  commerce  and 
wealth,  popularly  called  the  "  Q,ueen  of  the  West  ;"  while 
the  rest  of  the  Delegation  left  for  Toronto  on  board  the  fine 
English  steamer  "  City  of  Toronto,"  Capt.  Dick.  Fortu- 
nately, Capt.  Gotten,  an  aid-de-camp  to  the  Governor-Gen- 
eral, Avas  among  the  passengers,  and  the  Committee  having 
been  introduced  to  him,  arrangements  Avere  at  once  made 
Avith  him  in  furtherance  of  the  objects  of  their  mission. 

After  a  sail  of  about  three  hours,  the  city  of  Toronto  Avas  in 
sight,  and  its  public  buildings  easily  distinguished.  On  land- 
ing, the  Delegation  were  received  by  the  Mayor  and  members 
of  the  Corporation,  and  by  several  Cabinet  Ministers  of  the 
Governor-General.  The  news  of  the  intended  visit  of  the 
Committee  had  preceded  their  arrival,  and  the  authorities 
were  prepared  to  welcome  them.  After  a  formal  introduc- 
tion, the  authorities  of  Toronto  accompanied  the  Deputation 
to  their  hotel,  from  the  proprietor  of  Avhich,  Mr.  Beard,  the 
Committee  received  numerous  and  valuable  attentions. 


28 


I'  ii 

ill  I 


!      M 
1:  I      !.j 


In  a  short  time  after  the  arrival  of  the  Delegation,  the  Gov- 
ernor-General, through  the  medium  of  his  aid-de-camp, 
assigned  an  early  hour  for  an  interview  at  the  Government 
House.  At  the  time  appointed,  the  Committee  waited  upon 
Lord  Elgin,  and  were  received  with  a  gratifying  cordiality. 
Their  letters  of  invitation  and  introduction  were  delivered, 
and  the  objects  of  their  mission  stated.  The  interview  was 
one  of  the  most  agreeable  character,  and  the  Committee  with 
great  pleasure  accepted  the  Governor's  polite  invitation  to 
dine  with  him  on  the  ensuing  day. 

Upon  the  afternoon  of  the  arrival  of  the  Committee,  the 
band,  attached  to  the  regiment  stationed  at  Toronto,  played 
for  the  amusement  of  the  public  in  the  grounds  of  the  Gov- 
ernment House,  which  were  thrown  open  for  visitors  ;  and 
though  there  was  a  large  collection  of  people  and  no  guards 
or  police  upon  the  ground,  the  most  perfect  decorum  pre- 
vailed. 

During  the  performance  by  the  band,  the  piazza  of  the 
Government  House  was  filled  with  distinguished  personages. 
The  Committee  were  there  introduced  to  the  members  of 
the  Cabinet  and  the  Staff,  officers  of  the  army,  and  many 
members  of  Parliament. 

The  Hon.  Sir  Hew  Dalrymple,  commander  of  the  71st 
regiment  of  Highlanders,  stationed  at  this  place,  politely 
offered  to  order  a  dress  parade  of  his  regiment,  the  next 
morning,  for  the  especial  pleasure  of  the  Delegation.  His 
politeness  was  readily  accepted,  and  the  city  officers  volun- 
teered to  conduct  their  guests  to  the  barracks  and  parade 
ground. 

The  Mayor  and  Corporation  accepted  the  invitation  of  the 
Committee  to  visit  Boston  on  the  occasion  of  the  Railroad 
Jubilee,  and  the  principal  mercantile  houses,  to  whom  letters 
of  introduction  had  been  sent,  were  very  much  interested  in 
the  proposed  festivities.  Through  the  agency  of  the  mer- 
chants, bankers,  and  public  officers,  the  names  of  the  most 
prominent  merchants  in  Canada  West  were  obtained,  and 
invitations  were  forwarded  to  them. 


Tt 
th( 
all 

CU! 


l- 


239 


and 


i 


I 


The  Parliament  Houses  were  visited  in  the  evening,  when 
both  branches  were  in  session,  and  both  engaged  in  debating 
the  question  of  asking  for  a  loan  from  the  Imperial  Parlia- 
ment, for  the  construction  of  a  continuous  railway  from 
Toronto  to  Halifax.  The  whole  subject  of  railways,  with 
their  effects  upon  business,  their  advantages  over  canals,  and 
all  the  matters  incident  to  their  establishment,  were  dis- 
cussed. The  speakers  in  both  Houses  made  freiiuent  allusions 
to  the  United  States,  and  the  experience  of  our  own  State 
and  that  of  New  England  were  often  adduced,  in  support  or 
in  illustration  of  their  arguments. 

After  devoting  the  next  morning  to  business  connected  with 
their  mission  in  Canada  West,  the  Delegation  met  the  City 
Authorities  by  appointment,  and  proceeded  in  carriages  to  the 
parade  ground  and  barracks,  situated  about  two  miles  west 
from  the  business  portion  of  the  city. 

The  71st  Regiment  of  Light  Infantry,  Highlanders,  un- 
der the  command  of  Col.  Dalrymple,  were  formed  in  line 
inside  the  barrack  enclosure.  They  marched  to  the  parade 
ground,  about  half  a  mile  from  their  quarters,  and  were 
drawn  up  in  line,  ready  to  receive  the  Goverhor-General.  As 
the  clock  in  a  neighboring  tower  struck  the  hour  appointed 
for  the  review,  a  trumpet  announced  the  arrival  of  the  Com- 
mander-in-Chief, Loid  Elgin,  with  his  Staff,  who  were  received 
with  the  customary  honors.  The  regiment  was  about  800 
strong.  After  the  review,  many  battalion  manoeuvres  were 
performed  with  great  exactness.  The  parade  closed  with 
a  drill  of  the  regiment  as  skirmishers,  in  which  all  the 
movements  of  light  troops  in  presence  of  an  enemy,  the 
formation  of  squares  to  resist  cavalry,  and  similar  evolutions, 
were  exhibited  with  great  accuracy  and  fine  effect. 

The  Provincial  Institution  for  the  Insane  was  next  visited. 
The  building  occupied  for  this  purpose,  finely  located,  and 
having  very  large  grounds  connected  with  it,  is  about  the 
size  of  the  Massachusetts  General  Hospital,  in  Boston.  It  is 
a  noble  monument  of  the  philanthropy  of  the  Province.  In- 
ternally, it  is  a  pattern  of  neatness  and  good  order,  and 


30 


contains  all  the  most  approved  arrangements  for  warming 


and  ventilating. 


grounds  of  the 


In  returning  to  the  city,  the  extensive 
University  were  visited.  One  of  the  most  gratifying  circum- 
stances, connected  v/ith  the  present  social  condition  of  Canada 
West,  is  the  deep  interest  taken  by  all  classes  of  the  popula- 
tion in  the  subject  of  popular  education.  The  last  report  of 
the  Rev,  1>.  Ryerson,  the  Superintendent  of  the  Schools  of 
the  Province,  states  the  number  of  public  schools  to  be  3059  ; 
and  the  number  of  pupils  151,891.  In  Toronto,  a  line 
building,  situated  in  an  open  square  of  nearly  eight  acres, 
will  be  finished  this  year,  for  the  Provincial  Normal  School. 
The  building  and  land  will  cost  $60,000.  The  corner  stone 
was  laid  on  the  2nd  of  July  last,  by  Lord  Elgin,  who  pro- 
nounced a  most  able  and  eloquent  address  upon  the  occasion, 
which  has  since  been  published  and  eagerly  sought  for.  Dr. 
Ryerson,  a  devoted  and  eminent  clergyman  of  the  Methodist 
church,  has,  by  his  zeal  and  devotion  to  the  cause  of  popular 
education,  infused  his  own  enthusiasm  into  the  public  mind 
to  such  a  degree,  that,  last  year,  the  people  of  Canada  West 
voluntarily  taxed  themselves,  for  the  salaries  of  teachers,  a 
larger  sura,  in  proportion  to  their  numbers,  and  kept  open 
their  schools,  on  an  average,  more  months,  than  the  neighbor- 
ing citizens  of  the  great  State  of  New  York. 

In  the  evening,  the  delegation  dined  at  Elmsley  House, 
the  residence  of  the  Governor-General.  The  party  consisted 
of  the  accomplished  host  and  hostess,  Lord  and  Lady  Elgin, 
their  suite,  the  speakers  of  both  branches  of  the  Legisla- 
ture, two  members  of  the  Cabinet  and  their  predecessors,  Sir 
Hew  Dalrymple,  an  English  Baptist  Clergyman,  whose  name 
has  escaped  the  writer's  memory,  Lieut.  De  Lancy  Floyd 
Jones,  of  the  U.  S.  Army,  Hon.  Charles  Paine,  of  Vermont, 
Col.  Schlatter,  of  Ogdensburg,  and  the  members  of  the 
Committee.  The  conversation  was  confined  to  the  topics 
naturally  suggested  by  the  mission  of  the  Bostonians,  the 
present  happy  relations  existing  between  the  two  govern- 
ments, and  the  progress  made  by  the  people  of  New  England 
in  the  arts  of  peaceful  industry. 


31 


After  retiring  from  Lord  Elgin's,  and  in  accordanco  witii 
arrangements  previously  made,  the  Committee,  in  company 
with  the  Cabinet  ^Ministers,  attended  a  brilliant  levee  at  the 
residence  of  one  of  the  principal  citizens  of  Toronto.  A 
mmierous  and  elegant  company  were  assembled,  and  the 
evening  passed  in  a  most  agreeable  manner. 

The  Committee  were  gratified  to  learn  from  Lord  Elgin, 
that  he  would  visit  Boston,  if  the  state  of  public  alFairs  would 
allow  him  to  leave  the  Province  at  the  period  of  the  com- 
memorative festivities,  and  were  charged  by  him  with  the 
following  reply  to  the  Mayor's  note  of  invitation  : 


(( 


Toronto,  Aug.  15,  1851. 


Sir, 

Your  very  kind  and  obliging  letter  of  the  8th  inst.,  has 
been  handed  to  me  by  the  Gentlemen  of  the  Committee  of 
the  City  Council  who  were  charged  with  its  delivery. 

1  am  very  sensible  of  the  honor  done  me  by  the  Authorities 
of  the  City  of  Boston,  in  inviting  me  to  be  the  guest  of  the 
City  on  the  occasion  of  the  proposed  Railway  celebration. 
I  feel  moreover  a  sincere  interest  in  the  completion  of  the 
great  lines  of  communication  stretching  from  Boston  towards 
the  North  and  West,  of  w^hich  I  witnessed  the  very  promis- 
ing beginning  in  the  winter  of  1846-7.  I  would,  therefore, 
gladly,  if  it  were  in  my  power  to  do  so,  accept  at  once  the 
invitation  which  has  been  so  courteously  conveyed  to  me  by 
your  Honor,  and  the  Gentlemen  of  the  Deputation.  My  time, 
however,  is  not  altogether,  as  I  have  more  fully  explained  to 
those  Gentlemen,  at  my  own  disposal.  lam  compelled  there- 
fore to  add  tliat,  much  as  I  should  desire  to  visit  Boston,  and 
to  tender  my  thanks  to  yourself  and  the  other  authorities  of 
the  City,  in  person,  my  movements  must  depend  on  the  state 
of  public  business  within  the  Province. 
I  have  the  honor  to  be,  Sir, 

Your  Ob't.  Ser't., 

Elgin  and  Kincardine. 

To  His  Honor,  John  Prescott  Bigelow, 

Mayor  of  Bostort.^' 


32 


I  I 


Tlie  Cabinet  ministers,  many  members  of  Parliament,  ofli- 
cors  of  the  army,  and  other  official  personages,  also  accepted 
invitations  to  be  present  at  the  celebration. 

During  the  last  morning  of  tlieir  stay,  the  Committee  were 
visited  by  a  large  nnmber  of  the  principal  merchants  and 
bankers  of  the  city.  Members  of  Parliament,  and  of  the 
Cabinet,  furnished  them  with  letters  of  introduction  to  several 
gentlemen  in  Montreal  and  (Quebec.  The  ofiicers  of  tlie 
Army  and  the  mayor  and  officers  of  the  Corporation  called  to 
pay  their  parting  respects,  and  quite  a  deputation  fiom  vari- 
ous classes  of  society  accompanied  them  to  the  steamer. 

The  Committee  left  Canada  West  fully  impressed  with  the 
gratifying  conviction  that  its  citizens  are  earnestly  desirous  of 
cultivating  th.e  acquaintance  of,  and  extending  their  business 
relations  with,  the  people  of  New  England.  The  mission  of 
the  Committee  from  Boston  occurred  at  a  most  fortunate 
period,  as  the  Provincial  Parliament  were  then  engaged  in 
the  discussion  of  the  whole  subject  of  internal  improvements, 
and  public  attention  wa  engrossed  by  tlie  debates  upon  the 
subject. 

Canada  West  is  destined  to  be  one  of  the  most  prosperous 
and  wealthy  portions  of  the  American  continent.  Its  climate 
and  soil  are  as  favorable  to  agriculture  as  the  best  portions  of 
New  York.  The  people  have  many  sympathies  with  their 
brethren  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  lake  and  river,  and  it  is 
hoped  that  the  induence  which  will  be  exerted  by  the 
increased  facilities  for  intercommunication,  will  be  productive 
of  lasting  good  to  all  the  parties  interested  therein. 

The  Delegation  left  Toronto,  at  noon,  on  Friday  the  16th 
of  August,  for  Kingston,  where  they  arrived  at  day-break  on 
the  following  morning,  and  whence,  after  having  taken  a 
hasty  view  cf  the  city,  they  proceeded  on  their  way  to  Mon- 
treal, distant  one  hundred  and  ninety-six  miles.  Reaching 
jMontreal  the  same  evening,  the  Delegation  found  the  Mayor 
and  members  of  the  Corporation  in  waiting  to  give  them  an 
ofiicial  reception,  after  which  they  were  conveyed  in  car- 
riages to  the  Hays  House,  where  rooms  had  been  engaged 
for  them,  and  a  splendid  entertainment  prepared.     They  were 


C3 


i 


IhPA-Q  acain  cordially  wolcoincd  by  the  Mayor,  and  handsome 
addresses  wcro  made  to  thein  by  several  gcntlcnicii  of  the 
Uor'ioralioii,  Avliich  were  responded  to  Ijy  members  of  tlio 
Committoc.  They  then  ;icce[>tcd  an  invitation  to  attend 
religious  service  at  the  Catholic  Cathedral,  on  the  following 
day. 

On  l^Ionday,  the  Committee  devoted  the  morning  to  tlie 
Inisiness  of  their  mission.  They  found  the  men  of  business  in 
Montreal  (jnite  enthusiastic  in  relation  to  the  intended  cele- 
bration. The  jn'incipal  bankers,  importers  and  merchants 
gave  tliG  Committee  a  warm  and  hearty  welcome,  and  assured 
them  of  their  d(;op  interest  in  all  those  great  schemes  of  inter- 
nal improvement,  wriich  connect  the  Canadas  witii  Boston. 
Already  the  trade  of  Montreal  has  felt  the  beneficial  results 
of  the  new  and  ra])id  means  of  intercommunication,  and  her 
merchants  duly  appreciate  the  importance  of  the  roads  which 
place  her  witiiin  a  day's  ride  of  Boston,  and  which  no  five 
months'  frost  can  put  under  an  embargo. 

At  noon,  the  Delegation  met  tlie  Mayor  and  Corporation  at 
their  rooms,  where  Mr.  Brinley,  in  their  behalf,  explained  the 
objects  of  their  mission,  and,  in  behalf  of  the  City  of  Boston, 
extended  an  invitation  to  the  Corporation  of  Montreal,  to 
liouor  the  Railroad  Jubilee  with  their  presence.  The  Mayor 
replied,  and  for  himself  and  his  associates,  accepted  the  mvi- 
tation. 

At  this  interview,  the  Committee  received  and  accepted  an 
invitation  to  visit  the  "Mountain,"  a  favorite  place  of  resort 
in  the  suburbs  of  the  city.  And,  at  the  hour  appointed,  the 
Mayor  and  Corporation  called  at  the  hotel,  and  took  up  their 
guests.  It  M-as  judiciously  arranged,  that  but  one  member  of 
the  Committee  should  ride  in  eacli  carriage,  and  that  all  politi- 
cal parties  should  be  represented.  This  was  the  case  in  all 
the  cities  visited.  The  object  was,  that  no  erroneous  impres- 
sion s!iould  be  made  upon  the  minds  of  the  strangers,  and 
that  the  sentiments  of  Tories  and  Radicals,  Ministerialists 
and  members  of  the  Opposition,  French  Canadians  and  Eng- 
lishmen, should  be  adequately  explained  to  oach  visitor. 


I'liur 


34 


TIk'  ridi!  roiiiul  ''  the  Mountain  "  is  tlirou<-,'Ii  a  fnie  country. 
North  of  tho  city,  elegant  anil  tajtol'ul  villas  occupy  the 
land.  From  tlic  northern  slopf  of  the  mountain,  ;i  nia;^nifi- 
cent  ])anorani:i  moots  the  eye.  For  niilos  o\v\  nulos,  the 
country  is  highly  cultivated,  and  the  scenery  is  superh.  The 
valley  of  the  ( )lta\va  river  can  he  distitiguishcd  lor  a  great 
distance.  To  the  Soutii,  the  St.  Lawrence  is  seen,  and  upon 
the  opposite  shore;,  the  level  country  of  [iOprairie,  while 
ranges  of  mountains  in  New  York  and  Vermont  l)ound  the 
view  in  the  southern  and  eastern  directions. 

Monklands,  the  name  given  to  the  mansion  house  at  the 
Mountain,  where  Lord  Elgin  lived  during  his  residence  in 
Montreal,  is  finely  situated,  and  siUTounded  hy  venerable 
woods.  Its  intcrn:d  arrangements  are  upon  a  scale  suitable 
for  the  residence  of  a  great  Pro-consul.  After  visiting  the 
spacious  apartments  and  extensive  grounds,  the  company 
were  ushered  into  an  elegant  hall,  where  a  dimier  was  pro- 
vided in  a  style  worthy  of  the  character  of  the  city  hy  whoso 
authorities  it  was  given. 

At  this  dinner  eloquent  speeches  were  made,  and  apiiropri- 
ate  sentiments  given.  The  j)lace,  and  the  occasion,  the  past 
history  and  the  present  relations  of  the  respective  nations 
and  races  of  men,  who  were  thus  assembled  as  friends  and 
neighbors,  afforded  themes  for  eloquence,  which  were  ade- 
quately improved. 

On  Tuesday,  after  passing  the  morning  in  the  agreeable 
duty  of  receiving  visitors  from  the  various  commercial,  pro- 
fessional and  official  ranks  of  society,  the  Delegation,  in 
company  with  the  Mayor  of  Montreal,  and  a  number  of  his 
associates  in  the  City  Government,  visited  several  places  of 
note  in  the  city.  The  Catholic  Cathedral  was  first  examined, 
and  the  long  journey  to  its  tower  performed.  The  top  of 
the  tower  is  220  feet  (the  height  of  the  Bunker  Hill  Monu- 
ment) above  the  level  of  the  street.  A  magnificent  view  of 
the  city  and  its  suburbs  is  obtained  at  that  great  elevation, 
and  although  the  ascent  is  a  laborious  one,  the  visitor  is  amply 
repaid  for  his  fatigue,  by  the  extent,  variety  and  beauty  of 
the  panorama  which  meets  his  eye. 


I 


I 


4 


Through  tin;  ngency  of  their  imniicipfil  gtiidt's,  tlm  purty 
visitod  tlirt'i;  nl'  the  principal  mimicries  in  the  cily,  aiul  tlio 
nioins  ol*  the  IJank  of  Montreal,  in  wiiieh  last  they  were  re- 
ceiv(;d  with  Lreat  attention  by  the  Hon.  I'cter  McGill,  the 
President  of  the  institution. 

On  the  cvoniiii,'  of  Tuesday,  the  10th  of  Aui,nKst,  Iho 
(/Otnmiltec  !eft  IMoutreal  on  board  a  fine  steamer,  in  order  to 
make  a  short  visit  to  Ciuebee — one  of  the  oldest  eitics  of 
North  Ameriea,  and  one  which  abounds  in  historical  associa- 
tions of  the  most  interesting  character.  Soon  after  their 
arrival  on  the  following  morning,  they  were  visited  by 
Or.  Sewell,  th(!  acting  INIayor,  and  th<!  objects  of  their  mis- 
sion were  stated.  A  meeting  of  the  Corporation  was  arranged, 
and  the  business  connected  with  the  visit  transacted.  A  short 
time  among  the  citizens  of  Uuebec  was  all  that  was  required 
to  convince  the  strangers  that  its  society  was  most  polished 
and  refined,  and  its  people  distinguished  for  urbanity,  hos- 
pitality, and  courtesy. 

At  noon  the  Committee  received  an  ofiicial  and  very 
agreeable  call  from  the  nnmicipal  authorities,  and  regretted 
that  their  limited  stay  forbade  their  acceptance  of  the  nu- 
merous invitations  given  them  to  partake  the  hospitalities  of 
the  city.  The  Corporation  gratified  them  by  accepting  the 
invitation  of  the  City  of  Boston. 

The  Gluebec  authorities  then  took  the  Committee  to  see 
the  Citadel,  Wolfe's  Monument,  the  Plains  of  Abraham,  and 
other  objects  of  interest.  On  their  way  to  the  Citadel,  they 
had  an  opportunity  of  witnessing  part  of  the  ceremony  of 
"  Guard  Mounting."  The  review  had  just  terminated,  and 
us  the  guards  broke  off  under  their  respective  officers,  and 
marched  in  various  directions  to  the  posts  assigned  them, 
they  presented  quite  an  animated  and  brilliant  spectacle. 

After  passing  through  a  long  circuitous  passage,  with  high 
walls  upon  each  side,  and  with  strongly  fortified  iron  gates  at 
each  turn,  they  soon  reached  the  heights  of  Cape  Diamond, 
and  were  within  one  of  the  strongest  fortresses  in  the  world. 
The  Citadel  of  Quebec  was  always  a  place  of  immense 
strength,  and  when  it  finally  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  Eng- 


Ol 


^ 


!i  I 


"m* 


III  ill 


h 


lish,  in  1759,  alter  a  seige  of  two  months,  it  was  by  capitula- 
tion, and  the  works  had  received  no  injury. 

In  the  al'ternoon  the  party,  by  invitation  of  the  authorities, 
visited  the  celebrated  Falls  of  Montmorenci,  the  ride  to 
which  is  through  a  thickly  settled  agricultural  district  ;  and 
on  their  return  they  were  most  hospitably  and  splendidly 
entertained  at  the  mansion  of  Francis  Xavier  Paradis,  Esq., 
City  Councillor. 

On  Wednesday,  August  20th,  at  5  P.  M.,  the  Committee 
took  the  steamer  to  return  to  Montreal,  where  they  arrived 
early  on  Thursday  morning.  They  were  visited  at  their 
hotel  by  members  of  the  City  Government,  merchants,  offi- 
cers of  the  army,  and  professional  gentlemen.  The  morning 
was  devoted  to  the  reception  of  these  gentlemen,  and  to  the 
completion  of  the  correspondence  connected  with  their  mis- 
sion in  Canada. 

Col.  Home,  accompanied  by  several  ofiicers  of  the  twenti- 
eth Regiment,  most  politely  urged  the  Committee  to  remain 
and  dine  with  the  military  gentlemen  stationed  at  this  place. 
This  compliment  was  reluctantly  declined,  but  an  arrange- 
ment was  made  to  visit  the  ofiicers  at  their  quarters,  after  the 
review,  to  partake  of  a  collation. 

At  eleven  o'clock,  the  Deputation,  accom])anied  by  the 
Mayor  and  several  officers  of  the  Corporation,  visited  the 
Champ  de  Mars,  for  the  purpose  of  witnessing  a  review, 
which  had  been  ordered  out  of  respect  to  them.  The  troops 
were  in  line  at  tlie  hour  appointed.  A  detachment  of  the 
Royal  Artillery  was  also  upon  the  ground.  Alter  a  few 
movements  of  the  troops,  Lieut.  General  Rowan,  commander 
of  the  forces  in  British  North  America,  arrived,  accompa- 
nied by  his  Staif.  He  was  very  attentive  to  the  Committee, 
and  they  were  indebted  to  him  for  numerous  favors.  Gen. 
Rowan  was  in  the  battle  of  AVaterloo,  and,  upon  the  parade 
ground,  wore  three  medals  which  he  had  honorably  earned. 
The  review  was  very  splendid,  and  was  witnessed  by  a  large 
concourse  of  people,  who  did  not  require  either  guards  or 
jjolice  to  keep  them  oti"  the  ground. 


ill    , 


37 


or 


After  tiie  troo[)s  were  dii^missed,  the  Delegation,  by  invita- 
tion of  the  General,  visited  the  island  opposite  Montreal,  ac- 
companied by  the  Montreal  authorities,  and  explored  the  im- 
mense military  storehouses,  the  extent  and  variety  of  the 
articles  contained  in  which  would  surprise  any  one  not 
familiar  with  the  details  of  military  expenditure.  At  the 
risk  of  encountering  incredulity,  one  fact  will  be  stated.  Upon 
reaching  the  powder  magazine,  our  party  were  supplied  with 
moccasins  for  the  purpose  of  passing  through  it.  Some  of 
the  party  declining  to  adopt  the  rule,  which  requires  this  pre- 
caution on  account  of  occasional  nails  in  boot  heels,  their 
military  guide  smiled,  and  stated  that  in  case  of  accident,  the 
nearest  point  of  safety  would  be  several  miles  distant.  The 
quantity  of  powder  stored  in  the  magazine  is  upwards  of  five 
millions  of  pounds. 

Immediately  upon  their  return  to  the  city,  the  Delegation 
visited  the  quarters  of  the  officers  of  the  twentieth  regiment, 
where  an  elegant  lunch  was  served.  The  display  oi"  porce- 
lain and  silver  was  very  splendid  ,•  and  nothing  could  ex- 
ceed the  brilliancy  of  the  entertainment. 

Upon  their  return  to  the  hotel,  the  Committee  found  a 
large  number  of  gentlemen  waiting  to  escort  them  to  the 
boat,  on  board  of  which  they  were  to  embark  for  home. 
When  the  boat  left  the  quay,  three  hearty  cheers  were  given 
for  Boston  and  the  Delegation.  After  an  hour's  sail  across 
the  river,  the  boat  arrived  at  Laprairie,  where  the  cars  were 
taken  for  St.  Johns.  The  party  slept  on  board  the  steamer, 
and  at  six  in  the  morning  started  for  Burlington,  and  passed 
through  a  most  beautiful  region,  the  scenery  of  which  is  ex- 
ceedingly varied  and  picturesque.  The  Delegation  were  ac- 
companied from  Montreal  by  Mr.  H.  D.  Doane,  the  agent  of 
the  Rutland  and  Burlington  Railroad.  At  Durlington  i'ley 
met  Judge  FoUctt,  President  of  the  road,  who  accompan.od 
them  to  Bellows  Falls,  and  by  his  courteous  attentions  rerr- 
dered  the  ride  a  most  agreeable  one.  The  scenery  along  this 
route  is  magnificent.  The  train  seems  to  pass  through  the 
mountains  as  if  by  magic — a  new  scene  meets  the  eye  at 
each  moment,  and  every  person  who  has  once  passed  over 


H!l  III 


this  road  must  ever  retain  a  pleasing  remembrance  of  the 
extraordinary  beauty  of  the  Green  Hills.  At  Bellows  Falls, 
Mr.  John  S.  Dunlap,  the  newly  appointed  Superintendent  of 
the  Rutland  Road,  joined  the  party,  and  accompanied  them 
to  Boston.  Although  the  train  was  an  hour  late,  owing  to 
the  detention  of  the  steamer  by  adverse  winds,  it  arrived 
at  Keene  at  the  usual  hour.  Between  Bellows  Falls  and 
Keene,  eight  miles  were  travelled  in  ten  minutes.  The  ave- 
rage speed  during  the  day,  over  the  Burlington  and  Rutland, 
Cheshire,  Vermont  and  Massachusetts,  and  Fitchburg  Roads, 
was  thirty  miles  an  hour,  including  stops.  The  officers  of 
these  roads  were  very  polite  and  attentive  to  the  Committee. 

During  their  absence  from  Boston,  the  Committee  travelled 
upwards  of  eighteen  hundred  miles,  and  had  interviews  with 
many  hundred  persons,  in  various  walks  of  life.  Though 
the  labors  of  their  mission  were  extremely  arduous,  far  more 
so  than  would  readily  be  conceived,  yet  they  were  rendered 
comparatively  light  by  the  courteous  attention  and  frank  hos- 
pi^  .lity  with  which  the  Committee  were  everywhere  receiv- 
ed ;  and  they  returned  from  Canada  not  only  with  the 
pleasing  assurance  that  the  primary  object  of  their  journey 
had  been  successfully  accomplished,  but  wi'h  the  delightful 
memory  of  the  events  of  those  few  days  deeply  impressed 
upon  their  hearts. 

As  the  time  for  the  Jubilee  approached,  and  it  was  know^n 
that  the  invitation  extended  to  our  friends  in  the  British 
Provinces  had  been  so  cordially  received,  and  that  large  num- 
bers from  other  quarters  would  also  be  present,  the  general 
interest  in  the  occasion  became  every  day  more  obvious. 

Mindful  of  the  fact  that,  on  all  great  occasions  of  public 
display,  Boston  had  been  accustomed  to  present  the  pupils  of 
her  schools  as  her  brightest  jewels,  her  especial  pride,  and 
that,  without  their  presence,  any  display,  howev'cr  brilliant, 
would  be  incomplete,  and  fail  to  show  the  great  finidamental 
element  of  her  prosperity ;  the  School  Committee,  in  view  of 
the  contemplated  celebration,  unanimously  adopted  the  fol- 
lowing order,  submitted  by  Francis  Brinley,  I'^sq.,  President 
nf  (he  Common  Council  :  — 


39 


"In  School  Committee,  City  Hall, 
Aug.  26,  1851. 
Ordered,  That  Messrs.  Wightman,  Guild,  Palmer,  Tracy, 
and  Thorndike  be  a  Committee  to  confer  with  any  Sab- 
Committee  of  tiie  Joint  Special  Committee  of  the  City 
Council  on  the  proposed  Railway  Celebration,  on  the  expe- 
diency of  requesting  the  several  grammar  and  primary  schools 
to  participate  in  tlie  ceremonies  of  the  occasion,  with  author- 
ity to  make  arrangements  accordingly." 


y' 


ourney 
lightful 


known 
British 
e  num- 
general 
is. 

public 
ipils  of 
ie,  and 
•illiant, 
mental 
aew  of 
e  fol- 
sidcnt 


On  Friday,  September  5th,  a  large  meeting  of  merchants 
was  Iieid  at  the  Reading  Room  of  the  Exchange,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  taking  mea-ires  to  co-operate  with  the  City  Author- 
ities ii}  preparing  for  the  celebration. 

The  meeting  was  called  to  order  by  Samuel  Lawrence, 
Esq.,  and  J.  W.  Paige,  Esq.  was  chosen  Chaiiman,  and  W. 
S.  Eaton  and  Henry  Lee,  Jr.,  Secretaries. 

J.  Thomas  Stevenson,  Esq.  made  a  brief  address.  He  said 
that  it  Avas  a  matter  of  public  knowledge  that  the  city  author- 
ities, rightly  appreciating  the  value  of  the  social  and  com- 
mercial results  which  must  flow  from  the  completion  of  the 
great  lines  of  railroad  between  this  city  and  the  Canadas, 
had  proposed  a  public  celebration  of  that  event  during  three 
days  of  the  present  month.  Not  a  three-days  revolution,  but 
a  three-days  rejoicing  at  the  peaceful  conquest  which  New 
England  skill  and  New  England  enterprise  have  achieved 
over  the  barriers,  which  nature  only  seemed  to  have  inter- 
posed between  us  and  those  whom  we  may  now  see,  face  to 
face,  after  a  short  and  easy  journey. 

it  is  also  well  known  that  the  Mayor  of  the  City  has  ex- 
tended numerous  invitations  to  gentlemen,  distinguished  both 
in  public  and  in  private  life,  to  be  present  and  to  participate 
in  the  lestivities  of  that  occasion. 

This  meeting  had  been  called  by  a  large  number  of  our 
well  known  mercantile  firms,  at  tlie  suggestion  of  the  Mayor, 
in  order  that  all  might  co-operate  in  the  proposed  celebration, 
"  to  the  end  that  it  might  be  made  in  some  degree  commen- 
surate with  the  importance  of  the  events  to  bo  celebrated." 


y 


40 


We  all  know  that,  in  a  country  like  ours,  the  constituted 
authorities  cannot  celebrate  any  event,  as  the  citizens  of 
Boston  wish  to  sec  cverythincr,  that  is  good,  celebrated,  with- 
out the  hearty  co-operation  of  the  people,  whose  agents  they 
are. 

A  great  number  of  persons  will  be  here  from  the  Canadas, 
and  the  cities  of  the  lakes,  and  we  have  been  called  together 
for  the  purpose  of  making  such  arrangements  as  may  be 
proper,  that  there  may  be  extended  to  them  the  hospi- 
tality not  only  of  our  city,  but  of  our  houses  and  our  homes. 
Many  will  be  here  for  the  first  time.  They  are  coming  to 
see  our  city  and  its  commercial  advantages,  both  natural  and 
artificial  ;  and  we  all  know  how  desirable  it  is  to  cultivate  a 
personal  acquaintance  with  those  with  whom  we  are  about 
to  open  extensive  commercifl  relations.  Tiiere  is  always  a 
satisfaction  in  having  seen  the  countenances  of  those  whom 
we  trade  with.  It  begets  confidence,  that  great  necessity  of 
a  commercial  community.  He  rejoiced  that  so  many  guests 
were  coming  amongst  us  ;  many  of  them  from  inland  cities 
and  the  shores  of  the  lakes,  for  the  first  time  in  their  lives  to 
snutF  the  sea  breeze,  and  to  see  where  old  Ocean  kisses  the 
continent,  as  he  rests  on  the  mf^destly  ruffled  bosom  of  our 
beautiful  bay. 

In  the  full  assurance  that  the  merchants  of  Boston  would 
extend  to  them  a  cordial  and  a  hearty  welcome,  and  enable 
them,  when  they  leave  us,  to  say  that  their  Ihies  had  fallen 
in  pleasant  places,  he  would  ofter  the  following  resolutions : 

Resolved,  That  the  establishment  of  railroad  communica- 
tion between  tliis  city  and  the  Canadas,  and  Great  Lakes,  is 
an  event  in  which  the  commercial  community  is  deeply  in- 
terested, as  it  is  calculated  to  w  ^'k  great  and  lieueficial 
clianges  in  the  business  relations  of  the  people  of  botli  na- 
tions ;  and  tliat  as  the  advantages  which  must  result  from 
tiiesc  new  means  of  intercommunication  will  be  mutual,  it  is 
a  fit  subject  of  mutual  congratulation  and  a  proper  occasion 
for  a  common  celcbralioi. 

Resolved,  That  the  city  government,  having  made  the 
ner-essiry  arransrements  for  a  proper  celebration  of  the  event 


41 


by  appropriate  ceremonies  to  take  place  on  the  17th,  18th, 
and  19th  instant,  it  Mill  be  alike  our  duty  and  our  pleasure 
to  extend  the  right  hand  of  fellowship  and  all  hospitalities  to 
those  who  may  visit  us  on  that  occasion." 

The  Hon.  Benjamin  Seaver  then  rose  and  said  : 


i 


Mr.  Chairman, — 

I  second  the  motion  of  my  friend,  Mr.  Stevenson,  and  cor- 
dially respond  to  his  appropriate  remarks,  and  the  resolutions 
offered  by  him.  I  am  aware,  sir,  that  it  is  not  necessary  that 
another  word  should  be  spoken  to  ensure  the  unanimous  adoption 
of  the  motion,  but  I  feel  desirous  of  saying  that  this  is  no  ordi- 
nary occasion  to  the  merchants  of  Boston.  That  great  consum- 
mation so  long  desired  by  us  all,  the  final  completion  of  the  great 
lines  of  railway  uniting  our  city  with  the  Canadas  and  the  great 
West^  is  of  too  much  importance  to  us,  and  to  Massachusetts,  not 
to  be  celebrated  in  some  public  and  appropriate  way,  and  I  think 
that  our  city  authorities  deserve  our  thanks  for  the  manner  in 
which  they  are  preparing  to  notice  this  event.  Our  thanks,  too,  are 
especially  due  to  II's  Honor,  the  Mayor,  and  to  the  Committee  of 
Arrangements  for  their  admirable  address  to  our  citizens,  which 
embraces  in  so  small  a  compass  so  much  valuable  and  reliable  in- 
formation. Sir,  I  am  sure  that  there  will  be  a  very  general  willing- 
ness manifested  to  co-operate  with  the  City  Govei-nment  in  carry- 
ing out  the  plan  they  have  adopted.  It  is  alike  creditable  to  them 
and  to  UP.  Let  us  all,  then,  do  what  we  can  to  render  the  antici- 
pated visit  of  our  Canadian  friends  interesting  and  pleasant  to 
them.     I  hope  that  the  resolutions  will  pass  unanimously. 


lal,  it  is 


The  question  was  then  taken,  and  the  resolutions  were 
unanimously  adopted. 

Mr.  Seaver  then  moved  that  the  officers  of  the  meeting  be 
requested  to  communicate  the  doings  thereof  to  the  City 
Authorities,  and  to  co-operate  Avith  them,  in  behalf  of  the 
merchants,  in  any  measures  which  they  might  take  for  carry- 
ing out  the  contemplated  celebration  in  a  proper  manner. 

This  motion  was  carried,  and,  on  motion  of  Mr.  Lawrence, 
the  meeting  then  dissolved. 

The  general  arrangements  for  the  occasion  had  now  been 
so  far  made,  that,  on  the  8th  of  September,  the  City  Govern- 
ment were  able  to  make  the  following  announcement : 


42 


CITY    OF    BOSTOM. 

GRAND   RAILROAD  JUBILEE. 

ORDER   OP   ARRANGEMENTS. 

The  City  Government  announce  the  following  as  the  pro- 
posed arrangements  for  celebrating  the  final  cc  mpletion  of  the 
great  lines  of  raihvay  communication  between  Boston,  the 
Canadas,  and  the  Great  West,  and  the  establishment  of  Amer- 
ican lines  of  steamers  between  Boston  and  Liverpool. 

The  festivities  will  occupy  three  days,  to  wit : — the  17th, 
18th  and  19th  of  September. 

Wednesday,  September  17th.  On  this  day  the  distin- 
guished invited  guests  of  the  city  will  be  received  with  ap- 
propriate honors,  and  escorted  by  a  military  body  and  the 
City  Government  to  the  houses  provided  for  them. 

In  the  afternoon  of  this  day,  the  various  public  institutions 
of  the  city,  and  points  of  interest  in  its  vicinity,  will  be  vis- 
ited, and  the  members  of  the  City  Government  will  devote 
the  day  in  attention  to  their  guests. 

Thursday,  September  ISth.  On  this  day  there  will  be  a 
grand  excursion  in  Boston  Harbor,  and  the  various  objects 
of  interest  therein  will  be  visited.  For  this  purpose,  suitable 
steamers  will  be  engaged  and  collations  and  music  provided. 

The  shipping  in  the  harbor  will  be  decorated  for  the  occa- 
sion. 

Friday,  September  19th.  On  the  morning  of  this  day 
there  will  be  a  civic  procession,  escorted  by  the  Boston  Bri- 
gade, the  route  and  details  of  which  will  be  announced  here- 
after. The  children  of  the  public  schools  will  take  a  promi- 
nent part  in  the  proceedings  of  this  day. 

In  the  afternoon,  a  banquet  will  ^e  given  by  the  City  Gov- 
ernment in  honor  of  their  invited  guests,  which  will  be  held 
under  a  pavilion  on  Boston  Common. 

On  the  evening  of  this  day,  the  public  buildings  of  the 
city  will  be  illuminated,  and  a  display  of  fireworks  made 
from  various  parts  of  the  city  and  harbor. 

Per  order  of  the  Committee  of  Arrangeiuents, 

.ToHN  P.  BioELOW,  Mayor. 


43 


;he  pro- 
a of  the 
on,  the 
f  Amer- 

18  17th, 

distin- 
tvith  ap- 
ind  the 

titutions 
I  be  vis- 
l  devote 

rill  be  a 
objects 

suitable 
)rovided. 

he  occa- 

this  day 
ston  Bri- 
!ed  here- 
a  promi- 

!ity  Gov- 
be  held 

of  the 
Mis  made 

nts, 
layor. 


On  the  evening  of  Tuesday,  September  9tli,  on  the  invita- 
tion of  the  City  Committee  of  Arrangements,  a  large  meet- 
ing of  the  mechanics  and  artizans  of  the  city  assembled  at 
the  City^Hall,  to  decide  upon  the  part  they  would  take  in 
the  proposed  procession  on  the  19th.  The  Hon.  Jonathan 
Preston  was  called  to  the  Chair,  and  Edward  H.  Brainard  and 
J.  W.  T.  Stodder  appointed  Secretaries.  Sub-Committees,  of 
two  from  each  of  the  trades,  and  from  the  government  of  the 
Mechanics'  Association,  were  chosen  to  confer  with  those 
engaged  in  the  different  branches  of  industry,  for  the  pmpose 
of  arranging  a  procession  to  exhibit,  not  only  specimens  of 
mechanical  work,  but  the  processes  by  which  they  are  manu- 
factured. At  a  meeting  of  the  Sub-Committees,  held  on  the 
following  evening  and  fully  attended,  it  was  ascertained  that 
representations  of  twenty  or  more  different  branches  of  in- 
dustry would  appear  in  the  procession  of  the  19th,  with  em- 
blematical designs,  and  be  accompanied  by  bodies  of  work- 
men ;  and  a  resolution  was  adopted,  pledging  the  best  efforts 
m  of  all  present,  to  make  the  mechanical  exhibition  as  exten- 

4  sive  and  varied  as  the  limited  time  would  allow.     A  vote 

was  also  passed,  to  invite  manufacturers  and  artizans  from 
the  neighboring  cities  and  towns,  to  join  in  the  display, 
and  a  committee  of  five  was  chosen  to  confer  with  the 
committee  of  the  City  Council.  The  meeting  then  ad- 
journed, to  meet  at  the  same  place  on  the  next  Friday  eve- 
ning, to  hear  the  final  reports  of  the  various  Sub-Committees. 

I  Many  of  the  most  influential  mechanics  of  the  city  were 

present,  and  the  proceedings  of  the  meeting  indicated  that 
quite  an  imposing  demonstration  would  be  made  by  this  im- 
H  portant  portion  of  the  community. 

Oa  the  same  evening,  a  meeting  of  the  Mercantile  Library 

I  Association  was  also  held,  at  which  a  circular  from  the  com- 

mittee of  the  City  Council,  inviting  the  Association  to  join  in 
the  intended  procession,  was  read  by  the  President.  After 
brief,  but  eloquent  speeches,  by  Messrs.  George  S.  Blanchard 
and  Charles  G.  Chase,  a  resolution  was  unanimously  adopted, 
accepting  the  invitation,  and  requesting  the  Government  of 
the  institution  to  make  all  necessary  arrangements  for  taking 
part  in  the  ceremonies. 


. 


u 


It  was  the  universal  p.iid  ardent  desire  of  the  citizens  of 
Boston,  that  the  President  of  the  United  States  should  honor 
the  festival  with  his  presence. 

To  the  invitation  extended  to  him  by  the  City,  he  at  first 
felt  obliged,  in  consequence  of  the  pressure  of  public  duties, 
to  return  an  undecisive  answer,  yet  leaving  room  for  the  hope 
that  circumstances  might  be  such  as  to  allow  of  his  ultimate 
acceptance  of  it.  To  strengthen  the  assurances  he  had  re- 
ceived of  the  pleasure,  which  a  visit  from  him  would  confer, 
Francis  Brinley,  Esq.,  on  the  part  of  the  City  Government, 
proceeded  to  Washington,  and  the  gratifying  intelligence  was 
received  through  him  before  the  end  of  the  week  preceding 
the  Jubilee,  that  the  President  had  accepted  the  invitation, and, 
accompanied  by  a  part,  at  least,  of  his  Caoinet,  would  leave 
Washington  for  Boston  in  the  early  part  of  the  ensuing  week. 

As  soon  as  it  was  ascertained  that  the  President  had  accept- 
'?d  the  invitation  of  the  City,  a  Committee  of  the  General 
Court,  acting  under  a  resolve  j)assed  at  its  last  session,  in  the 
hope  that  he  might  visit  the  Commonwealth  during  the  cur- 
rent year,  immediately  adopted  the  necessary  measurey  to 
give  him  a  suitable  reception. 

The  Committee  consisted  of  the  following  named  gentle- 
men, viz.  On  the  part  of  the  Senate  :  Henry  Wilson,  Presi- 
dent ;  Charles  T.  Russell,  of  Suffolk ;  Edward  L.  Keyes,  of 
Norfolk ;  Erasmus  D.  Beach,  of  Hampden ;  Alexander  De 
Witt,  of  Worcester ;  W^hiting  Griswold,  of  Franklin ;  Wil- 
liam A.  Hawley,  of  Hampshire. 

On  the  part  of  the  House  :  Nathaniel  P.  Banks,  Jr.,  of 
Waltham,  Speaker;  Caleb  Cushing,  of  Newbury;  Samuel  H. 
Walley,  of  Roxbury  ;  Ensign  H.  Kellogg,  of  Pittsfield  ;  John 
Mills,  of  Springfield ;  James  S.  Whitney,  of  CouM'^ay ;  J. 
Thomas  Stevenson,  of  Boston  ;  John  Branning,  of  Monte- 
rey ;  William  Schouler,  of  Boston ;  John  Milton  Earle,  of 
Worcester ;  Nathaniel  B.  Borden,  of  Fall  River  ;  Almerin  L. 
Ackley,  of  Auburn ;  Everett  Robinson,  of  Middleboro' ; 
George  O.  Brastow,  of  Somerville ;  Sii'son  P.  Coffin,  of  Ed- 
gartown. 

Acting  in  conformity  to  the  same  Resolve,  the  Governor  of 
the  </ommonwealth  issued  the  following  General  Order: — 


45 


[official.] 

COMMONWEALTH  OF  MASSACHUSETTS. 

Head  Quarters,  Boston,  September  15,  1851. 

[fiENERAL  ORDER,  NO.  9  ] 

As  by  a  resolve  of  the  Legislature  of  this  Commonwealth, 
at  their  last  session,  His  Excellency  the  Governor  was  author- 
ized and  rc( [nested  to  tender  to  the  President  of  the  United 
States,  if  he  shall  visit  this  Commonwealth  during  the  pres- 
ent year,  the  customary  hospitalities  and  the  respectful  con- 
gratulations of  the  State  ;  and  as,  by  the  same  resolve,  a  Com- 
mittee of  the  Legislature  was  authorized  to  make  all  suitable 
arrangements,  in  the  name  and  behalf  of  the  State,  for  the 
proper  reception  of  the  President ;  and  as  the  said  Committee, 
in  the  expectation  that  the  President  will  visit  this  Common- 
wealth during  the  present  month,  has  requested  His  Excel- 
lency, the  Governor,  to  tender  to  the  President  a  military  es- 
cort, and  to  take  such  other  measures  as  circumstances  may 
render  expedient  and  proper,  to  carry  the  intention  of  the 
Legislature  into  effect : 

His  Excellency,  the  Commander-in-Chief,  orders  that  the 
following  troops  be  hereby  detailed  for  parade,  escort,  and 
review ;  and  they  will  assemble  on  Boston  Common  on 
Wednesday,  the  11 '      "ist.,  at  9  o'clock,  A.  M. 

The  First  Brigaa  ,  under  command  of  Brigadier  General 
Samuel  Andrews. 

Companies  C,  D,  and  G,  of  4th  Regiment  of  Light  Infan- 
try ;  Companies  C,  D,  and  E,  5'.h  Regiment  of  Light  In- 
fantry ;  Companies  B  and  C.  8th  Regiment  of  Light  Infantry — 

To  constitute  a  regiment,  under  the  command  of  Colonel 
J.  Durell  Greene,  of  the  ^ih  Regiment  of  Light  Infantry, 
who  will  order  his  field  and  staff. 

Companies  A,  B,  E,  and  C,  6tli  Regimenr  of  Light  Infan- 
try ;  Companies  A,  C,  and  I,  7th  Regiment  of  Light  Infantry  ; 
Company  B,  5th  Regiment  of  Light  Infantry — 

To  constitute  a  regiment,  under  the  command  of  Col. 
Naflmn  P.  Coll)uni,  of  the  7th  T^^aimont  of  Li^ht  Iiifnntry, 
who  will  ordrr  h\^  field  and  stalf. 


I    : 


11?^ 


i 


46 


Company  of  Rifles,  annexed  to  the  1st  Regiment  of  Light 
Infantry,  and  company  of  Rifles  G,  annexed  to  the  5th  Regi- 
ment of  Light  Infantry,  to  constitnte  a  Battalion,  under  the 
command  of  Major  William  Saunders,  of  the  6th  Regiment 
of  Light  Infantry. 

Major  Edmund  A.  Parker,  of  the  6th  Regiment  of  Light 
Infantry,  is  detailed  to  act  as  Major  of  the  regiment,  under  the 
command  of  Col.  Greene. 

The  above  tv  o  regiments  of  Light  Infantry  and  Battalion 
of  Rifles,  will  constitute  a  Brigade,  under  command  of  Briga- 
dier General  Henry  Wilson,  of  the  3rd  Brigade. 

The  whole  to  constitute  a  Division,  under  the  command  of 
Major  General  B.  F.  Edmands,  who  will  report  to  Head 
(Quarters  for  instructions. 

The  Divisionary  Corps  of  Cadets  of  the  1st  and  2nd  Divis- 
ions, will  constitute  a  Battalion  under  the  command  of  Lieut. 
Col.  Thomas  C.  Amory,  who,  with  his  command,  will  report 
at  Head  Quarters  at  10  o'clock,  A.  M.,  on  Wednesday, 
17th  inst. 

Gupt.  John  B,  Sandford,  of  Company  B,  4th  Regiment  of 
Artillery,  is  ordered  to  fire  a  salute  on  the  arrival  of  the 
President  at  Fall  River. 

The  Acting  Quarter  Master  General  will  furnish  commu- 
tation in  money  instead  of  rations. 

All  General  and  Field  Ofticers,  with  their  Stafl",  who  are 
not  detailed  for  duty,  are  requested  to  report  themselves  at 
Head  Quarters,  in  uniform,  not  mounted,  at  2  o'clock,  P.  M., 
in  order  to  attend  the  Review  of  the  troops.  All  oflicers  and 
troops  ordered  for  duty,  named  in  the  above  order,  will  gov- 
ern themselves  accordingly,  without  waiting  for  the  regular 
transmission  of  orders.  Major  Generals  Sutton,  Hobbs  and 
Edmands  will  promulgate  this  order  in  their  respective  Divis- 
ions. 

By  command  of  his  Excellency 

Geo.  S.  Boutwell,  Governor, 
and  Commandcr-in-  Chief. 

Ebenfzer  W.  Stone,  Adjt.  Gev. 


« 


47 


The  President,  nccompanind  by  the  Hon.  Clinrlos  M.  Con- 
rad, Secretary  of  War,  and  the  lion.  Alexander  II.  II.  Stnw- 
art,  Secretary  of  tlie  Interior,  left  Washini^'ton  on  Monday  f(^r 
^ew  York,  where,  on  liis  arrival  late  in  the  ovcnins.?,  he  was 
met  by  Alderman  Holbrook  and  F^rancis  Uriidoy,  Esij.,  a 
Committee  of  the  City  Council  of  Hoston,  who  were  in  wait- 
ing to  receive  him  and  escort  him  thence  to  Boston.  After  a 
short  delay,  the  party  went  on  board  the  steamer  "  Bay 
State,"  and  reached  Newport  at  10  o'clock,  A.  M.,  on  Tuesday. 
The  Hon.  William  H.  Lawrence,  Lieutenant  (Jovernor  of 
Rhode  Island,  and  Acting  Governor,  had  issued  orders,  di- 
recting an  artillery  comi)any  to  fire  a  salute  on  the  arrival  of 
the  boat,  and  to  escort  the  President  to  his  ipiarters  at  the 
Bellevue  House.  In  the  evening,  a  sub-committee  of  the 
joint  Committee  of  the  Massachusetts  Legislature,  consisting 
of  the  Hon.  Edward  L.  Keyes,  the  Hon.  Nathaniel  P.  Banks, 
Jr.,atid  Col.  William  Schouler,  and  with  them  Lieut.  Cols.  J. 
T.  Heard  and  Daniel  Needham,  Aides-de-Camp  of  the  Gov- 
ernor, and  the  Hon.  George  Lunt,  United  States  vVttorney 
for  this  District,  reached  Newport.  The  Committee  hav- 
ing been  introduced  to  the  President,  and  cordially  received 
by  him,  Col.  Schouler,  on  their  behalf,  addressed  him  as 
follows : — 

Sir, — 

The  Legislature  of  Massachusetts,  at  its  late  session,  in 
anticipation  of  a  visit  from  the  President  of  the  United  States, 
passed,  by  a  unanimous  vote,  certain  resolves,  requesting  his  Ex- 
cellency, the  Governor,  to  tender  to  the  President  "  the  customary 
liospitalities  and  respectful  congratulations  of  the  State."  A 
Committee,  consisting  of  members  of  the  Senate  and  House  of 
Representatives  Avas  also  appointed,  "  to  make  all  necessary  ar- 
rangements for  the  proper  reception  of  ihe  President."  We  liavo 
been  sent  upon  this  pleasant  duty,  and  to  make  known  to  you  these 
facts,  and  to  assure  you  of  the  profound  satisfaction  Avhich  we 
feci,  and  -which  the  people  of  Massachusetts  feel,  in  this  your  visit  to 
our  State.  We  have  come  to  conduct  you  to  -witliin  oiu*  own  borders, 
wlierc  you  will  be  met  by  the  other  members  of  the  Committee, 
and  by  thousands  of  patriotic  and  intelligent  men,  and  warmly  wel- 
comed to  Massachusetts  ;  a  State  ever  ready  and  desirous  of  ex- 
tending her  welcome  and  her  hospitaUty,  to  those  who  "  deserve,"  as 
yon  do,  sir,  "  Avell  of  the  Republic."  The  occasion  which  you  are  to 


llil 


48 


lionor  with  your  presence,  is  one  oi'  deep  interest  to  the  people  of 
MiiSMJiclmsc'tts.  It  is  to  murk  the  cmiiplotion  of  a  lon;^  chain  of 
riiilr();ul.->,(;i)nnt'(;tin;^  tlio  Caimdas  with  .Massat'hurfetts,an(l  tht-  ;;r»'ab 
Lakes  with  tiic  Ocean,  and  the  coninienccuRMit  of  a  Hue  of  steam 
vessels  hetwecn  the  capital  of  New  En;^lan(l  and  Liverpool.  These 
form  an  epoch  in  tiio  history  of  <tur  State,  from  whence  we  hope 
to  make  an  udvance  step  in  eoniraercial  and  social  prosperity,  and 
thus  add  to  the  stahility  and  the  value  of  this  ^reat  l.'mon,  by 
unitin;;  in  closer  bonds  the  interests  and  affections  of  the  people. 
Ydur  [)resenco  amon;^  us  at  any  time,  would  be  to  ns  most  ])leas- 
ant,  and  all  would  unite  to  do  yoti  honor;  but  you  are  doubly 
Avelcome  to  us  now,  as  it  will  afford  our  people  an  opportunity  of 
attesting,  at  one  and  the  same  time,  their  joy  at  this  triumph  of 
American  skill  and  enterprise,  and  their  high  appreciation  of  one, 
who,  by  his  wisdom  and  liis  virtue,  has  rendered  illusuioMa  the 
American  name. 

To  this  Address,  the  President  replied,  in  substance,  as  follows  : 

Sir, — 

For  tlio  invitation  to  visit  the  State  of  assac  usetts  con- 
veyed to  me  through  you,  and  for  the  flattering  terms,  as 
unexpected  as  they  are  undeserved,  in  which  that  invitation  has 
been  expressed,  permit  mo  to  return  my  sincere  thanks. 

You  have  alluded,  sir,  to  the  completion  of  the  long  lines  of 
railway  connecting  the  Canadas  and  the  Great  Lakes  with  Massa- 
chusetts and  the  Ocean,  as  one  of  the  causes  which  have  occa- 
sioned this  invitation  at  this  time.  However  gratifying  it  might 
bo  to  me  to  come  amongst  you  at  any  time,  it  is  peculiarly  so  to 
be  present  at  the  celebration  of  such  an  event ;  for,  I  confess,  I 
feel  a  deep  interest  in  whatever  is  connected  with  the  prosperity 
and  the  happiness  of  any  part  of  our  Common  Country. 

Massachusetts  has  done  as  much  as  any  portion  of  the  United 
States,  to  extend  and  multiply  facilities  for  trade  and  intercourse  ; 
and  I  am  glad,  Sir,  that  she  has  now  stretched  forth  her  iron  arms 
to  the  great  West  and  the  Canadas.  Although  I  am  not,  Sir,  in 
favor  of  annexation,  in  a  cex'tain  sense  of  the  term,  (for  I  think 
we  have  already  territory  enough,)  yet  I  am  entirely  in  favor  of 
all  the  means  by  which  States  and  Countries  can  be  bound  to- 
gether by  ties  of  mutual  interest  and  reciprocal  commercial 
advantage. 

You  have  also  spoken,  Sir,  cf  the  establishment  of  a  lino  of 
American  Steamships  between  your  principal  city  and  f(n'cign 
ports.  This  too  is  a  subject  in  which  I  take  a  deep  interest.  I 
rejoice  in  all  measures  which  extend  and  increase  our  means  of 
intercourse  with  foreign  countries,  and  strengthen  and  enlarge  our 
foreign  commerce. 


•19 


It  must  liavo  been  noticed  th;it  the  •▼rcat  improvement  which 
hf(H  tnkon  place  in  our  rclalionH  with  one  another,  and  with  other 
coiintrie'',  i^  owin:?  principally  to  the  rivalry  between  our  great 
cities ;  pnd  this  is  ji  lionerous  rivahy. 

2s\'W  \ov\<,  as  yuu  know,  has  already  completed  a  s^reat  work, 
wliich  oxtemls  her  trade  to  the  West ;  and,  in  whatever  part  of 
our  land  these  enterprises  are  be^un,  we  all  feel  a  deep  interest 
in  their  success,  because  they  serve  to  multiply  amon;2;  ua  the  re- 
sources of  living;,  and.  by  givin;^  us  mutual  interests  and  making  us 
i)etter  aC(|uaintod  with  one  another,  they  must  strengthen  tho 
bonds  bv  which  we  are  joined  tou;cthor  in  common  union. 

Pcnuit  mo,  agam,  to  thank  the  (iovernor  and  the  Commonwealth 
of  Massachusetts,  for  the  kind  invitation  they  have  extended  to  me, 
and  to  assure  you,  Gentlemen,  of  the  great  pleasure  1  feel  in 
accepting  U. 

Lt.  Col.  Heard,  ono  of  tho  Aides-de-Camp  to  the  Governor,  then 
addressed  tho  President  as  follows  : — 

Mn.  President, — 

Ilis  Excellency,  the  Governor  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massa- 
chusetts, having  learned  with  pleasure  that  you  contemplate  visiting 
that  State,  has  instructed  us,  a  portion  of  his  personal  military  Staff, 
to  wfdt  upon  you  at  this  place,  and  tender  to  you  the  congratula- 
tions and  hospitalities  of  the  Commonwealth.  A  i)art  of  tho  mili- 
tia will  be  under  orders,  near  and  at  the  line  of  the  City  of  IJoston, 
to  escort  you  to  the  lodgings  wdiich,  he  understands,  the  Authorities 
of  that  city  have  jtrovided  for  you. 

His  Excellency  has  also  instructed  us  to  tender  to  you  a  review 
of  tho  troops  composing  the  escort,  on  Boston  Common,  at  such 
hour  as  may  bo  convenient  to  you.  And  he  has  directed  us  to 
attend  you  in  person  to  the  capital  of  tho  State,  if  that  should 
meet  your  pleasure. 

The  President,  in  reply,  accepted  the  invitations  of  the 
Governor,  excepting  that  relathig  to  a  review  of  the  troops,  to 
which  he  hesitated  to  give  a  decisive  answer  at  that  time. 
But,  upon  its  being  represented  to  him  that  an  early  answer 
on  this  point  was  desirable,  so  that  the  troops  might  be  kept 
under  orders  for  the  purpose,  he  promptly  accepted  this  invi- 
tation also.  He  was  then  requested  to  state  what  would  he 
liis  pleasure  as  to  the  manner  in  wliich  he  would  make  the 
review  ;  whether  in  a  carriage,  on  ho"seback,  or  on  foot. 
He  replied,  /'Xot  certainly  in  a  carriage  ;  it  seems  to  me 


;:o 


it  should  be  done  either  on  foot  or  on  horseback :  I  think 
on  horseback  is  the  better  way.  I  will  review  on  horseback, 
provided  I  am  sure  of  a  good  horse."  The  last  remark  was 
made  jocosely  and  excited  a  general  smile. 

The  President  then  introduced  his  visitors  to  his  lady — 
remarking  that  she  was  prevented,  by  a  temporary  lameness, 
from  rising  to  greet  her  guests.  In  a  short  time  the  in- 
terview terminated,  and  the  President  was  then  ushered  into  a 
beautiful  ball-room,  where  a  large  number  of  the  ladies  of 
Newport  were  atiseifibled  to  welcome  him. 

In  the  meanwhile,  the  City  resounded  with  "  the  stirring 
notes  of  preparation,"  and  every  thing  betokened  the  near 
approach  of  the  long-oxpected  day.  The  extreme  beauty  of 
the  weather,  the  busy  activity  displayed  in  the  decoration  of 
the  streets,  the  mustering  of  military  companies,  the  throngs 
of  strangers  from  all  parts  of  the  land, — every  train  bringing 
accessionr  of  welcome  visitors, — and  the  certainty  that  the 
President  of  the  United  States,  and  the  Governor-General  of 
Canada,*  were  on  their  way  hither,  z\l  gave  promise  of  a  full 
realization  of  the  most  sanguine  anticipations. 

The  Hon,  Daniel  Webster,  the  Secretary  of  State,  though,  on 
account  of  his  health,  unable  to  accept  the  invitation,  (which 
had  been  extended  to  him  personally  by  the  members  of  the 
Committee  of  Invitation)  to  participate  in  the  public  festivi- 
ties, had  come  to  the  City  for  the  purpose  of  meeting  the 
President,  and  of  joining  in  the  reception  to  bo  given  him  by 
the  Commonwealth  at  the  State  House. 

In  the  course  of  the  day  [Tuesday,]  a  telegraphic  despatch 
v/as  received  by  the  Mayor,  announcing  that  a  large  number  of 
Canadians,  including  the  City  Authorities  of  Montreal, Toronto, 
Cobourg,  and  other  places,  were  on  their  way  to  Boston.  A 
Committee  was  forthwith  deputed  to  receive  the  guests,  and 
twelve  carriages  were  despatched  to  the  Lowell  Railroad  sta- 
tion, to  convey  them  to  their  respective  hotels.  Lowell  street 
was  handsomely  decorated  in  honor  of  tlie  strangers,  and  the 

*Lord  Elc-in  liad  wviitcu  to  tlic  Mayor  from  Kiajicnra  Tail.?,  siibseqneiitlj'  to  his 
letter  in  the  text,  that  he  should  arrive  !:i  Boston  by  the  Western  Eaih'oad  on  the 
15tli.  The  operators  of  the  Telosraph.  at  every  prineijial  point  on  the  line,  kept 
the  Mayor  advised  of  his  Lordship's  arrival  at,  and  departure  from,  the  same. 


Em 


51 


:  I  think 
^rseback, 
nark  was 

is  lady — 
ameness, 
3  the  iii- 
•ed  into  a 
ladies  of 

3  stirring 

the  near 

beauty  of 

oration  of 

e  throngs 

bringing 

that  the 

reneral  of 

!  of  a  full 

lough,  on 
(which 
rs  of  the 
ic  festivi- 
3ting  the 
ti  him  by 

despatch 
lumber  of 
Toronto, 
ston.  A 
lests,  and 
road  sta- 
ndi street 
,  and  the 

iicuth-  to  his 
Iroiid  on  tlie 
he  Hnc,  kept 
same. 


English  and  American  tlags,  becomingly  arranged  in  festoons, 
M'ere  displayed  near  the  depot. 

Among  the  many  distinguished  persons  who  had  already 
reached  the  City  were  the  following — viz. : 

At  the  Revere  House — The  Hon.  Daniel  Webster  ;  the 
Hon.  H.  H.  Killaly,  Assistant  Commissioner  of  Public  Works  ; 
Mr.  Solicitor  General  McDonald ;  the  Hon.  Messrs.  Justices 
Alwyn,  Day,  and  Mondelet,  of  Montreal  ;  Mr.  Justice  W.  K. 
31cCord,  of  Quebec  ;  Col.  B.  C.  A.  Gugy,  M.  P.  P. ;  N.  Dumas, 
Esq.,  M.  P.  P. ;  W.  H.  Scott,  Esq.,  M.  P.  P.  ;  D.  Ross,  Esq., 
:M.  P.  P.  ;  D.  M.  Armstrong,  Esq.,  M.  P.  P. ;  J.  Scott,  Esq.,  M. 
P.  P. ;  W.  McFarland,  Esq.,  M.  P.  P.  ;  H.  Smith,  Esq.,  M. 
P.  P.  ;  W.  B.  Richards,  Esq.,  M.  P.  P. ;  Benjamin  Holmes, 
Esq.,  member  for  the  city  of  Montreal  ;  A.  Jobin,  Esq.,  mem- 
ber for  the  county  of  Montreal ;  the  Hon.  S.  Crjne,  of  the 
Legislative  Council ;  the  Hon.  John  Molson,  of  Montreal ;  and 
the  Hon.  Francis  M.  Hill,  Mayor  of  Kingston. 

At  the  Winthrop  House — the  Hon.  Charles  Wilson,  Mayor 
of  Montreal ;  Aldermen  A.  McFarlane,  J.  Grenier,  J.  B.  Homier, 
S.  Benjamin,  and  P.  Lynch,  and  Messrs.  O.  Frechette,  N.  S. 
Whitney,  J.  Leeming,  J.  B.  Bronsdon,  J.  -A.  Montreuil,  E.  La- 
marche,  and  E.  At  water,  of  the  Council  ;  Hon.  Adam  Ferric, 
M.  P.  P. ;  .[.  P.  Sexton,  Esq.,  City  Clerk  ;  J.  A.  B.  McGiU,  Esq., 
City  Surveyor  ;  Major  H.  Elvvell,  George  Desbarats,  Esq., 
Q,ueen's  printer,  and  Mr.  Justice  John  McCord,  of  Montreal ; 
and  Major  H.  P.  Bourchier,  of  Kingston. 

At  the  Fremont  House — the  Hon.  N.  F.  Bellcau,  Mayor  of 
Quebec  :  Col.  Home  and  other  officers  of  the  20th  regiment 
of  Infantry ;  Capt.  the  Hon.  H.  F.  Keane  ;  Lt.  A.  M.  Chis- 
holm,  42d  regiment  Royal  Highlanders  ;  Deputy  Asst.  Com. 
Gen.  G.  J.  Webb  ;  Senior  Surgeon  Chisholm,  Royal  Artil- 
lery ;  Dr.  Maitland,  Royal  Rifles  ;  Drs.  Rutherford,  and  Bar- 
rett, Medical  Staff — all  of  Canada  ;  the  Hon.  E.  Twisdton,  of 
England  ;  and  the  Hon.  A.  N.  Skinner,  Mayor  of  New  Haven. 

At  the  United  States  Hotel — Sir  Allan  N.  MacNab  ;  the 
Hon.  James  Colman,  Mayor  of  Dundas  ;  Lieut.  Col.  Cartier  ; 
Lieut.  Col.  Lelan  ;  G.  B.  Lyon,  Esq.,  M.  P.  P.  ;  Mr.  Sheriff 
E.  C.  Thomas  ;  the  Hon.  Mr.  Boulton,  M.  P.  P. ;  A.  Gauthier, 


'  B  "'i;' 


53 


Esq.  ;  the  Hon.  P.  B.  De  Blaquiere,  M.  P.  P. ;  Capt.  Duverg- 
ny  ;  Capt.  Boulange  ;  Lieut.  Andy — all  of  Canada. 

At  the  Pavilion — Major  Jecklan,  of  Three  Rivers  ;  Mr. 
Wheelcott ;  Mr.  J.  R.  Wright ;  W.  B.  Lindsay,  Esq.,  Clerk  of 
the  Legislative  Assembly — all  of  Canada. 

During  the  evening,  the  Committee  of  Reception  divided 
themselves  into  three  parties, — one  of  which  entertained  the 
Mayor  and  City  Council  of  Montreal  at  the  Winthrop  House  ; 
another,  the  Mayor  of  Gluebec  and  Suite  at  the  Tremont 
House,  and  the  third,  at  the  latter  hotel,  the  officers  of  the 
20th  regiment. 

Many  of  those  who  arrived  in  the  late  trains,  unable  to  find 
accommodations  at  the  public  houses,  which  were  now  filled 
to  overflowing,  were  entertained  at  private  mansions,  many  of 
which  had  been  hospitably  thrown  open  for  their  reception. 

The  proprietors  of  the  Athenaeum  notified  the  City  Council 
that  all  the  guests  of  the  City,  during  the  Jubilee,  would  be 
welcomed  to  that  Institution  ;  and  the  Horticultural  Society, 
whose  annual  exhibition,  always  bea  itiful  and  attractive,  was 
to  take  place  during  the  week,  extended  a  similar  invitation. 

All  things  were  now  ready  for  the  opening  day  of  the 
Jubilee,  and,  that  the  next  morning's  sun  might  rise  in  his 
loveliest  smiles  over  the  City,  was  the  hope  which  filled  all 
hearts,  as  his  setting  bjams  threw  their  " splendor  of  azure 
and  gold  "  over  the  western  skies. 

FIRST  DAY   OF  THE  JUBILEE. 

And  the  hope  of  the  evening  was  realized.  The  morning  of 
Wednesday,  September  17th,  was  clear  and  bright,  and  at  an 
early  hour  the  streets  of  the  city  were  alive  with  the  bustle 
of  preparation  for  the  festivities  of  the  day,  Every  thing 
betokened  an  auspicious  beginning  of  the  Jubilee. 

The  main  features  of  this  first  day  were  the  arrival  of  the 
President  of  the  United  States  and  his  Suite,  their  reception 
by  the  City  and  State  Authorities,  and  the  Military  Review 
on  the  Common. 

After  breakfast,  at  Newport,  the  President,  accompanied  by 


53 


Duverg- 

;rs  ;  Mr. 
Clerk  of 

divided 
iiied  the 
)  House  ; 
rremont 
s  of  the 

e  to  find 
DW  filled 
many  of 
eption. 
Council 
.^ould  be 
Society, 
ive,  was 
vitation. 
y  of  the 
se  in  his 
filled  all 
of  azure 


the  Secretaries  of  War  and  the  Interior ;  the  Hon.  Mr.  Bradley, 
of  the  Post  Ollicc  Department ;  the  Hon.  Mr.  Crampton,  Charge 
d'Atiaires  of  Great  Britain  at  Washington;  Francis  Brinley, 
Esq.,  President  of  the  Common  Council,  and  Mr.  Holbrork,  of 
the  Board  of  Aldermen,  of  Boston ;  Mr.  Tallmadge,  United 
States  Marshal  for  New  York  ;  Mr.  Devens,  United  States 
Marshal  for  Massachusetts ;  Mr.  iiorden,  of  Fall  River ;  Mr. 
John  O.  Sargent,  editor  of  the  Washington  "  Republic,"  and 
the  Legislative  Sub-Committee,  took  the  steamer  "  Canon- 
icus"  lor  Fall  River.  At  that  place,  the  following  mem- 
bers of  the  Legislative  Committee  were  waitinar  to  welcome 
the  Ciiief  Magistrate  to  the  soil  of  Massachusetts  :  Messrs. 
Henry  Wilson,  President  of  the  Senate  ;  Charles  T.  Ilnssell, 
of  Sufiblk  ;  Whiting  Griswold.  of  Franklin  ;  and  William  A. 
Hawley,  of  Hampshire,  of  the  Senate  :  and  Samuel  H.  Walley, 
of  Roxbury  ;  James  S.  Whitney,  of  Conway  ;  J.  Thomas  Ste- 
venson, of  Boston  ;  Almerin  L.  Ackley,  of  Auburn  ;  and 
George  O.  Brastow,  of  Somerville,  of  the  House. 

At  E^all  River  the  shipping  in  the  harbor  had  been  decorated 
vx^ith  flags,  and,  on  the  arrival  of  the  "  Cr.nonicus  "  a  national 
salute  was  fired  by  the  troops.  The  President  was  Ihen  con- 
ducted on  board  the  steamer  "  Empire  State,"  where  iie  was 
met  by  the  Committee,  and  addressed  by  its  chairman,  the 
Hon.  Henry  Wilson,  as  follows  : — 


Drning  of 
.nd  at  an 
le  bustle 
ry  thing 

al  of  the 

•eception 

Review 

anied  by 


Mr.  President, — 

The  Legislature  of  Massaclmsetts  at  its  last  session,  as  yon 
have  already  been  officially  informed,  with  entire  unanimity,  pas.:;ed 
a  resolution  recjucsting  the  Governor  to  tender  to  you,  whenever 
you  should  see  fit  to  visit  us,  the  hospitalities  of  the  Commou- 
Avealth.  Li  compliance  with  that  vote  we  are  here  to  welcome 
you  to  ^lassachusetts,  and  to  offer  you  a  warm,  cordial  and  enthu- 
siastic greeting — in  the  name  of  her  people — of  Iier  whole  people. 
I  welcome  you,  Sir,  as  the  Chief  ]Magistrate  of  tbe  Republic,  and 
assure  you  that  you  will  receive  from  the  peojile  here  the  same 
cordial  reception  that  they  gave  to  yo\ir  illustrious  iiredecessors. 

You,  ISir, — a  citizen  of  that  great  State  which  borders  on  our 
own — are  not  unfamiliar  with  our  history,  oiu*  character,  or  our 
institutions.  You  know  the  skill  of  our  artizans,  and  you  kno^v 
that  their  prosperity  has  been  achieved  and  maintained — not  by 
the  bounty  or  the  protection  of  the  government,  but  by  their  oAvn 


54 


educated,  intelligent  and  free  labor.  You  have  hoard  of  our  com- 
mou  schools,  where  ingenuous  youth  first  learn  those  lessons  of 
obedience  to  the  laws,  and  of  respect  for  those  principles  of  free- 
dom and  0({uality  which  lie  at  the  foundation  of  our  institutions. 
You  are  acijuainted  with  the  excellence  of  our  charitable  institu- 
tions, whore  the  care-worn  and  weary  sons  and  daughters  of  men 
find  repose  and  shelter  from  the  storms  of  life.  We  bid  you  wel- 
come. Sir,  to  our  Commonwealth,  and  trust  that  in  your  visit,  you, 
and  the  distinguished  gentlemen  with  you,  who  arc  your  consti- 
tutional advisers,  may  receive,  as  you  will  all  give,  the  highest 
gratification. 

Your  visit,  Sir,  is  to  us  fortunate  and  agreeable,  combined  as  it 
is  witli  the  celebration  of  the  completion  of  a  system  of  railroads 
which  connects  the  Atlantic  with  our  inland  seas,  and  the  dwellers 
on  tlie  seaboard  with  the  teeming  millions  of  the  imperial  West. 
The  same  system  connects  us  with  the  Canadas,  and  it  adds  greatly 
to  the  pleasure  of  the  occasion,  that  the  authorities  of  those  Prov- 
inces, Avith  large  numbers  of  their  inhabitants,  will  be  present  at 
our  celebration,  a  meeting  with  whom  cannot  but  tend  to  cultivate 
harmony  and  sympathy  of  feeling  between  us,  and  to  eradicate 
prejudices  growing  out  of  past  events — a  result,  which,  should 
tliey,  in  the  Providence  of  God,  cease  to  bo  a  portion  of  the 
British  Empire,  would  prepare  them  willingly  to  become  an  hite- 
gral  part  of  our  ever-extending  Republic. 

Permit  me.  Sir,  in  conclusion,  again  to  tender  to  you  a  res[)ect- 
ful  and  cordial  Avelcome  to  the  State  of  Massachusetts,  and  to 
testify  to  you  the  personal  regard  and  good  wishes  Avhich  each 
one  of  the  Committee  entertains  towards  you,  and  to  assure  you 
that  the  whole  people  of  this  State  cherish  an  unAvavering  loyalty 
to  the  Union,  the  Constitution,  and  the  great  principles  of  liberty 
and  C(|ual  rights  for  all  men,  and  that  amid  the  storms  of  free  dis- 
cussion, they  have  an  unshaken  confidence  in  the  stability  of  our 
institutions,  the  maintenance  of  our  rej)ublican  government,  and 
the  ultimate  triumph  of  the  democratic  ideas  on  Avhich  it  was  es- 
tablished. 


To  this  address  the  President  replied  as  follows : — 

Mr.  Ciiairman  a\d  Gentlemen  op  the  Committee, — 

This  unexpected  and  cordial  expression  of  your  kind  feelings 
towards  me  is  highly  gratifying,  and  is  deeply  appreciated  by  me. 
I  feel  that  this  enthusiastic  welcome  is  not  so  much  intended  for 
mo,  as  to  do  honor  to  the  high  office  which  it  is  my  fortune  to  fill, 
and  as  such  I  receive  it. 

I  rcgrot,  Gentlomen,  that  tiiis  is  the  first  time  I  have  ever  vis- 
ited this  [ilace  ; — all  tluit  I  see  around  me  is  new  to  me.     JJut, 


55 


I 


(jrentlemcn,  I  know  and  I  appreciate  the  character  of  the  people 
of  Mifssachusetts.  I  know  ■well  Avhat  they  have  done  for  our 
country,  for  liberty  and  for  civilization,  and  I  believe  that  nowhere 
else  is  tliero  a  deeper  conviction  that  the  I>lcssing3  we  enjoy  arc 
owni>.%  mainly,  to  the  constitution  under  Avhich  we  live  ;  and  that 
iioAvlicro  c^sc  is  tliere  a  firmer  determination  to  be  faithful  to  the 
constitution.  And  this  l)cautiful  city  l)eforc  us,  is,  we  all  feel,  in- 
debted, for  whatever  makes  it  most  deliixhtful  to  look  upon,  to  the 
intelligence  and  to  the  patriotism  of  its  citizens,  and  to  their  faitli- 
ful  maintenance  of  law  and  order. 

It  was  with  great  reluctance,  and  solely  on  account  of  my  public 
duties,  that  I  felt  ol)liged  at  first  to  decline  the  invitation  I  re- 
ceived to  visit  Boston  on  this  occasion.  To  my  great  satisfaction, 
however,  I  have  since  found  it  not  inconsistent  with  p\iblic  duty 
to  accept  that  invitation,  and  the  pleas\i.re  is  greatly  enhanced  by 
meeting  my  follow  citizens  of  Fall  River  here  to-day ;  and  noAV, 
feeling  grateful.  Gentlemen,  for  the  kind  invitation  extended  to 
me  by  you  on  behalf  of  the  State,  I  proceed  to  accept  with  pleas- 
ure the  ])roifered  hospitalities  of  your  metropolis. 

Permit  me,  (xentlemen,  for  myself  and  in  behalf  of  those  asso- 
ciated with  me  iu  the  government,  to  thank  you  for  the  cordial 
and  courteous  greeting  you  have  given  us. 

At  the  conclusion  of  the  President's  reply,  he,  M'ith  his 
Suite,  was  conducted  by  the  Committee  to  a  very  handsomely 
decorated  car  provided  for  his  reception  by  the  Railroad  Com- 
pany, and  in  a  few  minutes  the  train  was  on  its  way  to 
Dorchester.  At  Bridge  water  and  other  stations  the  President 
was  repeatedly  cheered  by  the  crowds  who  had  gathered  to 
greet  his  arrival.  At  about  half-past  ten  o'clock,  the  train,  drawn 
by  the  large  locomotive  "  Hingham,"  which  was  decorated 
with  flags  and  evergreens,  reached  the  Harrison  Square  Sta- 
tion-house in  Dorchester,  where  an  immense  multitude,  on 
loot,  on  horseback,  and  in  carriages,  were  w^iiting  its  approach. 
On  aligliting  from  the  car,  the  President  was  warmly  Avel- 
comcd  by  the  Hon.  Marshall  P.  Wilder,  Chairman  of  the 
Selectmen  of  the  town,  in  behalf  of  its  inhabitiiuts.  Mr. 
Wilder  addressed  him  as  follows  :  — 


Mr.  pRi:<rDEXT, — 

In  bclialf  iS  the  ancient  town  of  Dorchester,  I  bid  you  wel- 
come, in  behalf  of  the  County  of  Norfolk,  the  land  of  the 
Adamses,  Avhich  has  furnished  its  full  share  for  filling  the  high 
office  whicli  you  now  sustain — in  behalf  of  the  people  whose  iu- 


;!■ 


56 


stitutions  have  taught  us  to  respect  the  laws  and  constitution 
of  our  country,  and  to  unite  together  for  the  preservation  of  our 
glorious  Union,  I  greet  jou.  I  am  not  permitted,  sir,  to  occupy 
a  moment  of  your  time,  and  I  again  bid  you  a  cordial — a  right 
hearty  Avelcome.     Welcome.     "Welcome.     Welcome. 

To  this  salutation  the  President  replied,  and  said : 

Mr.  Ciiairman  and  Citizens  of  Dorchester, — 

For  myself  and  in  behalf  of  the  gentlemen  who  accompany  me 
on  tliis  excursion,  I  desire  to  tender  to  you  our  profoundest  thanks 
for  this  cordial  reception.  I  am  happy — extremely  happy-  -to 
meet  you,  Citizens  of  Dorchester,  in  vicAv  of  those  heights  upon 
"which  3'our  fathers  stood  in  arms,  and  opened  the  way  ibr  the  es- 
tablishment of  a  constitution,  which  you  at  this  day,  I  doubt  not, 
are  prepared  to  defend.  This  is  consecrated  ground,  for  here 
repose  the  ashes  of  one  of  the  leaders  of  the  Revolution. 

I  am  greatly  pleased,  also,  to  witness  this  gathering  of  ladies, 
the  beauty  of  Dorchester  ; — God  bless  them  ! 

Agahi,  Sir,  permit  me  once  more  and  most  heartily  to  thank  the 
citizens  of  Dorchester  for  this  flattering  reception. 

At  the  conclusion  of  this  brief  address,  the  attentive  si- 
lence which  had  been  preserved  during  its  delivery  was  bro- 
ken by  resounding  cheers,  and  the  firing  of  a  national  salute. 
Flags  waved  in  the  breeze  from  every  eminence  in  the  vicin- 
ity. The  ladies — the  beauty  of  Norfolk  County — graced  the 
occasion  by  a  large  attendance.  They  filled  the  windows, 
covered  the  hill-sides,  thronged  the  balcony  of  the  Mattapan 
Bank,  and  even  made  their  appearance  upon  the  roofs  of  the 
buildings  in  the  immediate  vicinity. 

The  National  Lancers,  Capt.  T.  J.  Pierce,  were  present  to 
do  escort  duty,  and  made  a  most  brilliant  appearance. 
They  numbered  one  hundred  and  eleven  strong,  and  were 
accompanied  by  the  SufTolk  Brass  Band. 

The  railroad  track  and  the  different  roads  forming  a  junc- 
tion with  it  were  kept  well  sprinkled  by  the  authorities  of 
Dorchester;  and,  by  the  liberality  of  Enocii  Train,  Esq.,  the 
route  from  Dorchester  to  the  Roxbury  lino  had  been  watered 
in  tlie  morning,  so  that,  although  a  bountiful  supply  of  dust 
v^-as  furnished  by  the  trampling  of  the  hundreds  of  horses 
which  preceded  the  carriages  containing  the  distinguished 
visitors,  the  public  had  the  satisfaction  of  knowing  that  a 
great  de.a).  more  had  been  prevented  from  displaying  itself. 


4 


i)  i 


1  right 


4 


The  platform  upon  wliich  the  President  alighted  from 
the  car  was  carpeted  and  adorned  with  evergreen,  bunting, 
and  otiicr  decorations,  and  by  the  side  of  it  was  the 
l)aroucho  appropriated  for  conveying  him  to  the  city. 
This  carriage,  furnished  from  Niles's  stable,  was  exceedingly 
handsome,  and  was  drawn  by  six  elegant  grey  horses. 

After  a  short  delay,  the  President,  accompanied  by  the  Hon. 
Henry  Wilson  and  two  of  Governor  Boutwell's  Aides-de- 
Camp,  took  his  seat  in  his  barouche,  and  in  the  next,  which 
was  drawn  by  four  beautiful  bay  horses,  and  also  furnished 
by  Niles,  were  seated  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  and  the 
Secretary  of  War,  accompanied  by  the  Hon.  Charles  Devens, 
Jr.,  U.  S.  Marshal,  and  the  Hon.  Charles  T.  Russell. 

Next  followed  some  fifteen  carriages,  containing  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Legislative  and  Municipal  Committees,  and  other 
gentlemen  of  distinction. 

A  detachment  of  the  Lancers,  twelve  in  number,  mounted 
on  fine  grey  horses,  and  commanded  by  Lieut.  Smith,  served 
as  a  body  guard  to  the  President. 

The  procession  marched  through  Park  street  to  Neponset 
Turnpike,  up  Adams  street,  over  Meeting-House  Hill,  into 
Boston  street,  and  through  Mount  Pleasant  and  Eustis  streets, 
to  the  line  of  Roxbury.  A  very  large  number  of  vehicles  of 
all  descriptions,  containing  many  of  the  good  citizens  of  Dor- 
chester and  the  neighboring  towns,  followed  in  the  rear,  and, 
along  the  Avhole  roi^te,  the  President  was  greeted  with  the 
most  enthusiastic  cheers,  accompanied  by  the  waving  of 
thousands  of  handkerchiefs  by  as  many  fair  hands — which 
he  acknowledged  by  gracefully  bowing  alternately  on  either 
side.  On  Meeting-House  Hill  there  was  an  array  of  nearly 
fifteen  hundred  of  the  school  children  of  Dorchester,  accom- 
panied by  their  teachers  and  the  School  Committee,  and 
formed  in  lines  on  either  side  of  the  street,  so  that  the  pro- 
cession might  pass  between  them.  The  children  had  their 
hats  and  bonnets  neatly  decorated  with  flowers  and  v/reachs, 
and  each  school  was  designated  by  an  appropriaio  banner. 
As  the  President  passed  the  children,  they  seemed  to  vie  with 
each  other  in   uttering  the   loudest   hurras.     Many  of  the 


H 


mm 


56 


houses  iiiid  most  of  the  ])iil)lic  buildings  along  tlic  route,  both 
in  Dorchester  and  Roxb'iry,  were  gaily  decorated  with  ban- 
:jers  and  other  ajjjiropriatc  indications  of  the  gladness  «vith 
"which  the  people  welcomed  iheir  Chief  IMagistrate. 

Wlien  the  ])rocessioii  reached  the  line,  on  Eusiis  street, 
Avhicli  scjKirates  Dorchester  froin  Roxbiiry,  there  was  n  halt, 
and  the  distinguished  guests  were  surrendered  by  the  Dor- 
chester authorities  to  those  of  Roxbury.  The  President  and 
his  associates  Avere  thee  addressed  by  His  Honor,  Mayor 
fciamuel  Walk  jr,  in  a  short  and  appropriate  speech,  as  follows  : 

ALi.  J'>rj;?ii)ENT, — 

In  the  name,  and  in  beliulx',  oi  the  citizens  of  lloxburv,  I  have 
the  honor  to  tender  to  you  a  most  hearty  welcome  to  tlieir  city. 

I  congratidate  you  orj  your  li.)rtunato  selection  of  tliis  opportu- 
nity to  visit  tlie  metronohs  uf  New  England — to  Joii  in  the  coiu- 
memoratic:i  of  the  triumph  i<[  science  and  art  over  the  obstacles 
of  nature—  3  witness  the  iiiighty  achievements  of  huinau  indiis- 
tvy,  guided  by  intelligence,  in  levelling  uiountains,  bridging  seas, 
and  thercbj'  uniting  nations  in  the  closest  bonds  of  interest  and 
aifection. 

We  make  no  attempt  to  vie  vrith  our  sister  city  in  an  ostenta- 
tious dis]ilay  ;  v,-e  make  no  military  parade  ;  we  present  no  sfienes 
of  historic  interest  for  your  inspection;  but,  ISir,  we  receive  you 
with  joy,  and  feel  honored  liy  your  presence. 

To  these  Avords  of  Aveloome  and  congratulation,  the  Presi- 
dent returned  the  followii:g  reply  : 

Mr.  Mayor, — 

Permit  me  to  return  to  yo;i.  and,  through  you,  to  the  authorities 
and  the  people  of  lioxbnry,  my  profound  acknowledgemeius  for 
this  conhal  reception.  1  e;umot  doubv  its  sincerity,  r  hta  1  see 
vour  streets  lined  v.itli  citizens  and  strewn  with  iiowers,  and 
meet  the  bright  eyes  of  woman  beaming  kindly  on  me  from  every 
(piarter. 

f  regret  that  the  time  is  so  brief  that  I  cannot  refer  to  the 
many  interesting  associations  connected  with  the  bistoiy  of  Rox- 
bury. In  reference,  howevei-,  Sir,  to  yeur  comiiarison  of  this  ci*^y 
to  yo\ir  great  neighbor,  liosMu,  I  may  say,  that,  although  you  do 
not  cipial  h'}r  in  popidation,  \et  for  beaiUy  of  scenery  your  city 
can  hardly  be  sur};assed ;  ior  miles  my  eyes  have  been  de- 
lighted with  the  elegance  of  yoii"  country  seats.  ])Ui  especially 
hi'.ve  L  been  delighted  Avith  I'l  ■  sight  of  the  many  iuipiiy  youthful 


i 


4 


■•^^■t  3  . 


no 


iitc,  bolii 
'itli  Ijan- 
,css  A'ith 

is  street, 
s  1  halt, 
the  Dor- 
dcut  and 
•,  ;\layor 
IbUows  : 


y,  I  have 
•ii-  city. 
«  ()])|)ortu- 
tlic  corn- 
obstacles 
lan  iiuhis- 
</u\i:  seas, 
tercst  and 

1  ostcnta- 
no  scenes 
ceivc  vou 


he  Presi- 


lutlioritics 
)ncnts  for 
'iLii  I  see 
iverf,  and 
rom  every 

ifer  to  the 
y  of  Rox" 
if  this  ci*:y 
•Ai  ^■ou  do 

I  '        I' 

your  cit'/ 

been   <lo- 

esiiecially 

V  V'>iuhrul 


faces  that  remind  mo  of  your  common  schools,  those  mirsoric?  of 
intolIi,L,'ence  and  virtue. 

'i'ennit  me  a,'j;aiu,  Sir,  to  tlianlc  V')n,  for  myself  and  in  behalf  of 
my  associates,  for  your  kind  and  C'l.'dial  rece[)ti()n. 

The  coiamn,  now  strengthened  by  the  addition  of  a  fine 
cavalcade  of  about  three  hunched  of  the  citizens  of  Ro\bury» 
proceeded  to  the  Boston  line  amidst  the  most  enthusiastic 
demonstrations  of  joy.  Guns  were  fired,  the  bells  rang 
loudly  ana  merrily,  and  the  air  was  rent  with  shouts  of  wel- 
come to  the  President. 

On  the  Xcck,  at  a  short  distance  fron  the  Line,  and  await- 
ing the  arrival  of  the  President,  wee  ihe  Mayor  of  Boston* 
the  Committee  of  Reception,  and  the  guests  of  the  city,  at- 
tended by  mounted  ]\Tarslials,  as  Ibllows  : 

Chief  Marshal — ^lajor  General  John  S.  Tyler.  Aids — 
]\Iajor  John  C.  Park,  Jo!.  Frederick  W.  Lincoln,  Major  Joel 
Scott,  Major  C.  H.  Applet0!i,  Blajor  Lewis  W.  Tappan,  Wil- 
liam H.  Foster,  Esq.,  Col.  Enoch  Train,  Col.  John  L.  Dim- 
mock;  B.  E.  Bates,  Peter  Butler,  Jr.,  Ives  G.  Bates,  Edward  F. 
Hrd,  John  D,  W.  Joy,  Charles  T.  Savage,  F.  Lyman,  Henry 
C.  Lord,  Pliny  E.  Kingman,  J.  Ji.  Wheelock,  E.  Train,  Jr., 
r.  W.  Pierce,  D.  W.  Childs,  Fiederick  A.  Allen,  Farnham 
Plunmier,  Stephen  Rhoades,  IJ.  F.  Blodgett,  G.  F.  Train, 
Albert  Bowker,  Charles  F.  Louiicc,  Beza  Ijincoln,  Granville 
Mears,  J.  ^I.  Wightman,  F.  \Y.  Lincoln,  Jr.,  T.  H.  Leavitt, 
John  P.  Ober,  Jr.,  J.  B.  Richardson,  F.  L.  "W  inship,  Charles 
E.  Wiggin,  W.  H.  Learnard,  Jr.,  Alpheus  Hardy,  G.  F.  Wood- 
man, F.  G.  Whiston,  (ieorge  Wheelwright,  J.  Russell  Brad- 
ford, G.  .V.  Batchelder,  31.  Field  Fowler,  H.  W.  Gushing,  and 
H.  Ii.  Richardson. 

At  the  same  place,  also,  and  drawn  up  in  line,  were  the 
troops  detailed  L'_,  the  Commander-in-Chief  as  an  escort  of 
honor  to  the  President  of  the  United  States,  and  under  the 
orders  of  Major  General  Edmands,  from  whose  command  the 
escort  of  liancers  had  been  detailed  to  receive  the  President 
at  Dorchester. 


i! 


I  k 


GO 


DlVISIUiN  OF  MASSACHUSKTTS  VOL.  MILITIA, 

Commaiulcd  by  Mi\'\.  Gen.  li.  F.  Kdmands. 

Lieut.  Col.  Francis  Boyd,  Division  Inspector. 

]\Iaj.  Benjamin  C.  Howard,  Division  C^uarter  Master. 

Ma}.  Charles  G.  King  and  Maj.  John  L.  Plummer,  Aides-de-Camp. 

The  Division  was  composed  of  the  following  lirigades : — 

IIKST    ]{RI(IADE, 

Commanded  by  Brig.  Gen.  Sajiuei.  Andkews. 

Maj.  P.  Stearns  Davis,  Brigade  Inspector. 
Capt.  Daniel  Sharp,  Jun.,  Brigado  tinarter  Master. 
Capt.  Henry  C.  Brooks,  Aid-de-Camp. 
William  Baker,  Jui.'.,  Acting  Aid-de-Camp. 

The  first  Brigade  was  composed  of  a  corps  of  Cavalry,  the  Na- 
tional Lancers,  the  5th  Regiment  of  Artillery,  and  the  1st  Regiment 
of  Light  Infantry 

FIFTH   REGIMENT   OF    ARTILLERY, 

Commanded  by  Col.  RoBicnT  Cowdin. 

Lieut.  Col.  Henry  "W.  Usher.  Maj.  Caleb  Page. 

Lieut.  Frederick  A.  Heath,  Quarter  Master. 

Dr.  Charles  E.  Buckingham,  Surgeon's  Mate. 

Boston  Artillery,  Company  A,  Capt.  Thomas  H.  Evans. 

Columbian     "  "  B,      "      Elijah  Thompson. 

Washington  "  «  C,      "     William  W.  P>ullock. 

Roxbury       "  '•  D,      '=     Moses  II.  Webber. 

FIRST   REGIMENT   OF   LIGHT   INFANTRY, 

Commanded  by  Col.  Chakles  L.  IIolbrook. 

Lieut.  Col.  John  C.  Boyd.  Maj.  James  A.  Abbott. 

Lieut.  Thomas  E.  Chickering,  Adjutant. 

"       T.  Lewis  Robinson,  Quarter  Master. 
Boston  Light  Infantry,  Company  A,    Capt.  Ossian  D.  Ashley. 


New  England  Guards,  " 

Pulaski  Guards,  " 

Boston  Light  Guard,  " 

City  Guards,  « 

Boston  Fusileers,  " 
Washington  Light  Guard,    " 

Winthrop  Guard,  " 


B,  "    Josiah  P.  Bradlee. 

C,  «     Albert  J.  Wright. 

D,  "     George  Clark,  Jun. 

E,  1st  Lt.  David  Pulsifer,  Com'g. 

F,  Capt.  AVilliam  Mitchell. 

G,  "     Thomas  Savory. 
H,  "    William  C.  Cassell. 


61 


Norfolk  Guard, 
Mass.  Volunteers, 
Warren   Infantry, 
National  Lancers, 


Company  I,     Capt.  Abijah  S.  Mcrriani. 
«'        L,        "     Jeronuah  IJ.  Moore. 
"       31, 1st  Lt.  Kolt't  C.  Xi.liols,  Com'g. 
Ca[)t.  Thonms  S.  I'ierce. 


A   IJUKIADE, 
Commantled  by  Brig.  Gen.  .I(j3i:rn  An'okkwh. 

Maj.  D.  Goodwin  Lang,  Urigade  Inspector. 

Capt.  Francis  AV.  Uigelow,  Brigade  (Quarter  Master. 

Capt.  .J.  G.  Chase,  Aid-de-Canip. 

Lieut.  .lolin  G.  Willis,  and 

Nehemiah  Brown,  Jun.,  Acting  Aides-de-Camp. 

This  Brigade  was  constituted  for  tha  occasion,  and  embraced  two 
Regiments  of  Light  Infantry  and  tt  Battalion  of  Rifles. 

A    REGIMENT   OF   LIGHT   INFANTRY, 
Commanded   by    Col.   J.   Durkll    Gukkxe. 
Lieut.  Col.  Horace  Williams.  Maj.  Edmund  A.  Parker. 

Lieut.  N.  A.  M.  Dudley,  Adjutant. 

"      Samuel  J.  Ladd,  (Quarter  Master. 
Lieut.  Josiah  Porter,  Paymaster. 
Dr.  Henry  B.  C.  Greene,  Surgeon. 
Villiam  A.  Allen,  Quarter  Master  Sergeant. 

LIGHT   INFANTRY. 
Comp.  C,  4th  Regt.  (Cambridge  City  Guards)  Capt.  Geo.  A.  ^NEeacham. 

Geo.  P.  Sanger. 
Wni. T  (Jn'/nmar. 
T)'       - '.  /armer. 
.M  L.  Lesure. 
"W.  E.  Faulkner. 
Edward  Lamb. 
John  M.  Goodhue. 


t( 

D,  " 

(t 

G,  « 

(t 

C,  .Oth, 

« 

D,  " 

« 

E,  " 

« 

B,  8th 

(( 

C,  " 

(Charlestown  City  Guard) 
(Woburn  Phalanx) 
(Lowell  Phalanx) 
(Lowell  City  Guards) 
(Acton  Davis  Guards) 
(Worcester  Light  Inf.) 
(Worcester  City  Guards) 


A   REGIMENT   OF   LIGHT   INFANTRY 


Commanded  by  Col.  Nathan  P.  Colburn. 

Lieut.  Col.  Thomas  A.  Parsons.  Maj.  Solon  Dike, 

Lieut.  Henry  Merritt,  Adjutant. 

"      George  O.  Carjjentcr,  Quarter  Master. 

"      AVilliam  II.  P.  Wright,  Paymaster. 
Dr.  .ToRinli  NororoPS,  Siirseon. 


no 


Siilnm  Lijrlit  Infiiiifiy,  Comp.  A,  Oih  Lt.  Inf.,  Cnpt.  Wm.  C.  Endifott. 


Siilcm  !M«'c.  Lt.  Iiil". 

JMiu-Mc'licail  '•  '• 

l',evt'rly  "  " 

■\Viiiolu,'s(cr,  "  " 

StoiK.'Iiain,  "  " 

*  r-!i\vn;iict!  "  " 


]i,    "     '«  «  '■  Iknj.  U.  Wliitc. 

C,    "    "  "  "  Jos.  (Ircr^ory. 

K,    '•    '•  '•  '•  .Jos.  W.  llihlrdh. 

A,  7lli,  "  '•  "  Frcil.  ().  rriiuM!. 


T> 


^mnn 


Dik 


•'      Jorf.  ^I.  Dod^'t!. 


DATTALIOX    01-'   niFLIlS, 

Conunaiuled  hy  IMiijor  Willia.h  Saundkus. 

Jesse  IJ.  Edwanl.*,  Adjutant. 
jMecli.  IJiileuu'ii,  (annexed  to  1st  Lt.  Inf.  Kcg't.,)  Capt.  S.  CI.  Adams. 
Marlborough  Uillf,     "  olii  "      "       '•  "      Daniel  Popcj. 

rOR  SALUTi;  DUTY  ON  ITtH  nF  SEl'Tl'.MIiKU. 

Fall  Klvcr  Artillery,  Corn.  B,  4th  Artillery,  Capt.  John  li.  Sandford. 
Churl'  .lowu     "  "     1),  1st        "  "      Ezra  G.  Huntley. 

The  troops  were  accompanied  '  y  lunnerons  and  well  ap- 
pointed hands,  including  all  those  belonging  to  the  city,  and 
a  large  number  iVom  other  places. 

The  Mayor  and  his  Suite  wore  drawn  up  on  the  east  side 
of  Washington  street,  while  the  west  was  occupied  l)y  the 
long  line  of  troo])s  comjiosing  the  escort. 

The  scene  which  was  presented  to  the  eye,  at  the  moment 
(12  o'clock),  when  a  discharge  of  artillery  announced  that 
the  President  had  reached  the  line,  Avas  singularly  beautiful 
and  imposing,  and  perhaps  in  no  part  of  the  City  could  a  spot 
have  been  selected,  so  well  adapted,  as  that,  to  give  effect  to 
the  ceremony  v/hicli  was  about  to  be  performed.  Com- 
mencing at  the  line,  a  broad  avenue,  lined  on  either  side  by 
a  row  of  noble  elms,  stretches  down  towards  the  heart  of  the 
City,  in  which  direction,  the  view  from  a  gentle  elevation  in 
the  avenue  near  the  line,  is  unbrolcen  for  more  than  half  a 
mile,  when  a  graceful  curve  terminates  the  vista. 

*  Company  B,  of  tlic  5tli  Kc^nment  of  Lijilit  IiifiiiUry,  "  tlic  Pepperell  Lij^ht 
Infantry,"  was  icpicsuntcd  hy  its  Captain,  Gcorfre  Tliomas  Bancroft,  its  1st  Lieu- 
tenant and  Orilorly  Sor;,'(?ant.    Tlic  privutcs  did  not  receive  notice  of  tiie  "  Order" 

ill  sfiwr.n  to  appi'i'ir. 


I 


p,. 


63 


,  Kntlioott. 
,.  Wliitc. 
"rory. 

lliMn'tli. 
).  I'riiico, 

Dikii. 


G.  Adiim.". 
.iiicl  FopfJ. 


.  SiuKlt'ord. 
;.  Uuntley. 

I  well  ap- 
city,  and 

cast  side 
od  by  the 

Q  moment 
need  that 
l)eantifnl 
)nld  a  spot 
c  ellect  to 
li.  Com- 
r  side  by 
art  of  the 
ovation  in 
an  hair  a 


jipereU  Li<;l)t 

its  1st  Lien- 

tho  "Order" 


4 


Strctchiiip:  across  from  troo  to  trco  or  from  honso  to  honso, 
uMy  linos  of  li;i'js  were  lioatiii^'  in  thu  brcc/.c,  while  tlicanipir 
si(i<nv;ilks  were  throiii^cd  with  'lie  crowds  m'Iio  had  ciiizcrly 
assembled  to  see  and  to  welcome  their  President.  A  wide 
space  in  the  centre  of  the  nvcmie,  llank(;d,  on  the  one  hand,  by 
the  train  of  carriages  containing,'  the  anthorities  and  the  i^Miests 
ui'  tlie  City,  tind,  on  the  other,  by  tlio  military  companies  eoiii- 
posiiig  tho  escort,  was  kept  open  :  and  towards  this  now  ap- 
proached the  President  with  his  Snitc,  escorted  by  the  Lan- 
cers, with  their  briLrht  nniforms,  glancing  spears  and  doatini,' 
pennons.  Ilavimr  advanced,  amid  the  pealiinr  of  cannon,  tlie 
shouts  of  the  nuiltitiide,  the  waving'  ol"  haiidk<'rchie(s,  and  tlie 
iiispu'inc^  sonnds  of  martial  nmsic,  within  the  liin!  of  the 
escort,  the  troops  ijave  the  military  salute,  and  the  President's 
barouche  was  drawn  up  by  the  side  of  that  in  which  the 
!;\layor  was  seated. 

The  lion.  Jlenry  Wilson,  President  of  tlio  Sen;ite,  wlio 
was  in  the  Presidt.'iit's  carriat^e,  now  rose,  and  ])rescnted  the 
President  to  Mr.  T^Iayor  IJiselow,  who  welcomed  him  to  the 
City  in  the  following  ap[)ropriate  and  eloijuent  mannc-r : — 

Siu. — 

The  ])eoplc  of  IJoston  now  crowd  licr  .niutes  to  receive,  witli 
tokens  of  honor,  the  ,i:Toat  head  of  the  Keimlilic,  and,  in  their 
naino,  I  bid  you  welcome  to  this  mctroi)oli.s.  We  regard  it  us  a 
luippy  omen  that  we  receive  you  on  the  spot  where  oiu*  fathers 
gathered  to  hail  the  comin::;  of  Washini;;ton,  in  the  first  vear  of  his 
presidency.  The  contrast  exhibited,  between  that  jieriod  ;uid  this, 
is  striking  and  instructive,  'fhe  salutations  extended  to  the  iirst 
President  were  the  oflcring  of  only  eighteen  thousand  inhabitants, 
— the  welcome,  tendered  to  his  successor  this  day,  is  the  voice 
of  a  population  of  one  hundred  and  forty  thousand.  The  ruler, 
who  was  then  received  administered  the  affairs  of  less  tiion  four 
millions  of  peo])le,  who  had  but  lately  emerged  from  the  suioke  of 
battle  for  independence,  and  Avere  just  beginning,  under  the 
auspices  of  liljcrty  and  union,  to  take  rank  auiong  the  nations  of 
the  earth.  You,  Sir,  we  acknowledge  as  the  Kxecutive  Chief  of  a 
population  of  twenty-five  millions,  living  in  the  enjoyment  of  an 
amount  of  prosjierity  and  happiness,  almost  inijtnralleled  in  tin; 
history  of  the  woi'ld. 

By  a  remarkable  coincidence,  which  doublless  has  occurred  to 
yourself,  you  visit  us  on  the  anniversary  of  the  completion  of  the 


G4 


Federal  Constitution.  It  is  a  day  peculiarly  fit  'nj;;  for  our  recep- 
tion of  him,  whose  authority  as  the  Federal  Chief  Magistrate,  is 
derived  from  that  great  compact.  The  day  has  also  a  special 
interest  for  this  city, — for  it  is  the  anniversary  of  its  settlement. 
While  the  occasion  thus  calls  to  mind  the  Philadelphia  conclave 
and  the  Pilgrim  colony,  I  trust  that  you  Avill  recognize  in  the 
character  of  our  citizens  and  their  institutions,  the  happily  blended 
influences  of  the  puritan  and  the  patriot. 

You  have  recently  visited  Vii'ginia,  and  now  stand  upon  the 
soil  of  Massachusetts.  The  names  of  those  States  recall  the 
story  of  the  devolution,  and  the  patriotic  part,  sustained  by  each 
of  them  in  its  momentous  scenes.  Your  reception  in  the  Old 
Dominion  indicates  her  fealty  to  the  Union,  and  the  principles  on 
which  it  rests.  T^his  day  will  furnish  evidence  of  the  fidelity  of 
the  Bay  State,  also,  to  that  Union,  and  those  principles,  by  the 
manner  in  which  her  people  will  testify  their  regard  for  the  faith- 
ful administrator  of  the  Constitution  and  the  Laws. 

It  has  been  the  custom  of  war,  Sir,  for  the  inhabitants  of  cap- 
tured cities  to  bring  forth  the  keys  and  lay  them  at  the  victor's 
feet.  "We  greet  your  approach  with  a  nobler  tribute  than  was  ever 
j)rotfered  to  conciliate  a  conqueror's  mercy.  The  hearts  of  our 
people  are  here,  to  welcome  their  civic  father,  Avith  grateful  and 
affectionate  respect,  to  the  homes  and  firesides  of  his  children. 
[Enthusiastic  cheering.] 

To  this  address  the  President  replied  in  substance  as  fol- 
lows : — 


Mil.  ]\Iayor, — 

I  receive  from  you,  as  the  executive  organ  of  this  ])roud  City, 
this  welcome  to  me  and  my  associates,  with  profound  gratitude 
and  emotion. 

You  have  alluded  to  the  fact,  that  this  is  the  anniversary  of  the 
day  on  Avliich  the  Constitation  Avas  completed,  and  you  have  also 
alluded  to  the  visit  of  General  Washington  to  this  City.  Wliat  a 
change  has  taken  place  since  the  time  Avhen  he  fint  visited  this 
City,  not  for  the  purpose  of  receiving  the  cordial  congratulations 
of  her  citizens,  but  for  that  of  defending  her  against  the  great  and 
then  adverse  poAver  of  the  mother  country.  If  my  memory  serves 
me  aright,  that  son  of  Virginia,  he  Avho  connected  the  fate  of  tliat 
State  with  yours,  Avheu  ap))ointed,  at  Philadelphia,  Commander-in- 
(^hief  of  the  armies  of  the  United  (.'olonics,  set  out  forthAvith 
from  that  place  for  the  seat  of  Avar.  History  tells  us  that  he  trav- 
elled from  Pliiladclphia  to  tliis  vicinity  in  eleven  days,  and  that 
on  his  arrival  the  good  people  of  WatertoAvn  gathered  together 
and  congratulated  him  on  the  speed  of  his  journey. 


65 


What  has  bron^c;ht  about  tins  change  ?  Wliy  is  it  that  the  dis- 
tance vliich  it  took  him  eleven  davs  to  travel  over,  and  that,  too, 
M'hen  a  most  critical  state  of  affairs  called  for  the  utmost  speed, 
has  no',v  been  })assed  over  by  me,  as  a  matter  of  pleasure,  in  almost 
as  many  hours  ':*  It  is  owin^,  in  great  part,  to  the  intelligence  of 
your  citizens,  -who  have  also  opened  avenues  of  commerce  to  the 
^vostern  world,  -which  is  now,  through  them,  pouring  into  your  lap 
her  rich  treasures.  You  have  stretched,  too,  your  Briarean  arms 
to  the  capital  of  my  own  kitate,  and  laid  her  under  contribution, 
and  have  now  reached  even  to  the  Canadas,  and  made  them  also 
contributors  to  your  still  increasing  wealth. 

These  evidences  of  civilization  and  intelligence,  the  greeting 
which  I  have  evcryAvhere  received  since  I  stepped  upon  the  bor- 
ders of  your  State,  and  the  welcome  now  so  cordially  extended  to 
me  by  this  City,  convince  me,  that  the  Constitution  which  receiv- 
ed its  fiat  at  the  hands  of  Washington,  on  the  1 7th  of  September, 
in  the  year  1787,  will,  at  this  day,  be  maintained  by  you,  at  all 
hazards  and  at  every  sacrifice.  [Loud,  long-continued,  and  en- 
thusiastic cheering.]  I  not  only  see  in  the  intelligence  of  your 
citizens  tlie  moral  power,  but  I  see,  in  the  troops  before  me, — a 
military  display  of  which  Boston  may  well  be  proud, — the  physical 
force  to  accomplish  this  purpose.     [Cheers.] 

It  only  remains  for  me.  Sir,  to  rej)cat  my  sincere  thanks  for  the 
kind  and  flattering  reception  you  have  extended  to  me  and  to  my 
associates. 


that 


Upon  the  conclusion  of  his  address,  the  President  took  a 
seat  in  the  open  barouche  of  the  Mayor, — who  alone  rode 
with  him  during  the  march  of  the  procession.  The 
carriage  Avas  then  driven  back  to  the  head  of  the  escort, 
so  as  to  give  the  President  a  favorable  opportunity  to  view 
the  military.  By  this  move,  which  drew  the  spectators  up 
towards  the  Ro.xbury  line,  the  column  of  our  citizen  sol- 
diery was  thrown  more  open  to  the  inspection  of  Col.  Home, 
and  a  large  number  of  other  olliccrs  of  the  British  army  ;  who, 
dressed  in  their  brilliant  uniforms,  accompanied  the  Mayor, 
and  attracted  great  attention.  The  division  next  counter- 
marched before  the  President,  and  then  the  line  of  march 
was  taken  up.  The  route  was  down  Washington  street, 
through  East  Dover  street,  to  Harrison  avenue,  down  Har- 
rison avenue,  through  Beach  to  Lincoln  street,  and  through 
Summer,  Washington,  and  Court  streets,  to  the  Revere 
House.      Throughout    this   whole    distance  a  dense   crowd 


,li: 


1 1 


til' 


66 


lined  the  streets,  and  the  President  was  greeted  with  the 
heartiest  cheers.  Every  window  and  balcony  commanding 
a  view  of  the  procession  was  filled  with  ladies  anc!  chil- 
dren, and  the  roofs  of  the  houses  were  covered  with  men. 
Streamers  were  stretched  across  the  streets,  flags  were  float- 
ing at  every  turn,  the  eye  could  find  no  rest  from  the  inces- 
sant waving  of  white  handkerchiefs,  and  the  whole  route 
was  in  the  highest  degree  bright  pnd  gay  with  the  emblems 
of  rejoicing. 

To  notice  all  the  decorations  which  gave  to  the  streets, 
through  which  the  procession  passed,  such  a  joyous  aspect, 
would  now  be  almost  impossible,  as  a  record  of  the  more 
prominent  ones  only  has  been  preserved.  All,  however,  were 
characterized  by  good  taste,  and  each,  however  unpretend- 
ing, contributed  something  to  the  general  beauty  of  the  dis- 
play. The  following  imperfect  description  may  serve,  never- 
theless, to  give  some  idea  of  the  reality. 

At  Harrison  Square,  in  Dorchester,  the  place  where  the 
President  and  Suite  alighted  from  the  cars,  there  was  a  fine 
display  of  banners,  streamers  and  emblematic  devices.  On 
one  side  of  the  railroad  was  erected  a  scaffolding  and  frame 
Avork,  covered  with  an  awning  and  ornamented  with  taste- 
fully festooned  streamers  and  rosettes  of  evergreen.  The 
depot  was  surmounted  by  the  Stars  and  Stripes,  and  other 
handsome  decorations.  Stretched  from  the  depot  to  the 
house  and  flagstaff"  opposite,  was  a  rich  display  of  Ameri- 
can flags,  and  across  the  street  a  flag  bearing  the  word 
"Union." 

Leaving  the  Square,  the  first  object  that  greeted  the  eye 
was  a  handsome  arch  erected  across  Park  street,  bearing  the 
words,  "  Welcome  Guest."  In  its  centre  was  a  very  pretty 
wreath  of  flowers,  and  the  pillars  of  the  arch  were  wound 
around  with  streamers  and  bands  of  oak  leaves. 

On  Eustis  street,  Roxbury,  over  the  beautifully  situated 
mansion  of  John  S.  Sleeper,  Esq.,  editor  of  the  Journal, 
floated  a  large  American  flag,  and  in  front  of  his  tasteful 
grounds  were  erected  temporary  platforms,  which  were  occu- 
pied by  a  Irrge  delegation  of  the  fair  daughters  of  our  sister 
rity. 


I 


07 


th  the 
anding 
]  chil- 
ri  men. 
e  float- 
;  inces- 
e  route 
nblems 

streets, 
aspect, 
e  more 
2r,  were 
)retend- 
the  dis- 
,  nevcr- 

lere  the 

is  a  fine 

es.     On 

d  frame 

taste- 

The 

d  other 

to  the 

Ameri- 

i  word 

the  eye 

ring  the 

y  pretty 

wound 

situated 
Journal, 
tasteful 
re  occu- 
lur  sister 


Many  other  houses  attracted  particular  notice  for  the  neat  and 
tasteful  arrangements  of  the  various  standards  which  floated 
from  the  Avindows.  Long  and  brightly  colored  streamers  hung 
in  graceful  festoons  from  the  buildings,  and  had  a  fine  etfect. 

Passing  down  Washington  street,  the  residence  of  D.  Ham- 
lin, Es({.,  presented  a  striking  appearance.  A  line  of  beautiful 
flags  was  thrown  across  the  street,  and  the  columns  in  front 
of  the  house  were  entwined  with  streamers. 

The  house  of  Dr.  Willard,  fronting  on  Blackstone  square,  in 
which  the  fountain  was  in  full  play  and  glittering  in  the  sun, 
Avas  handsomely  dressed  with  a  variety  of  tasteful  ornaments. 

Immediately  below,  on  Washington  street,  the  house  of 
]Mr.  Lougee  was  ornamented  with  streamers  and  pennons,  and 
a  line  of  flags  was  run  across  the  street,  embracing  the 
Union  Jack,  and  the  American  colors,  and  between  both,  the 
inscription — 

\fELC0ME  !  President  Fillmore  ! 

At  the  house  of  Mr.  David  Pulsifer,  a  golden  eagle  held  in 
his  beak  long  streamers,  a  large  American  flag  floated  from 
one  of  the  windows,  end  graceful  festoons  and  gay  pennons 
Avaved  over  the  balustrades. 

The  buildings  of  Isaac  Gary,  Esq.,  and  Mr.  John  M.  May, 
Avere  ornamented  with  much  taste.  Flags  Avere  susnended 
across  the  street,  and  upon  the  building  of  Mr.  Gary,  decked 
Avith  streamers,  Avas  the  inscription — 

President  Fillmore — The  President  of  the  Nation,  and 

NOT  OF  A  Party. 

On  the  balustrade  Avas  displayed  the  motto — 
In  our  Union  is  our  Strength. 

At  the  corner  of  Dover  street  and  Harrison  a\'enue,  a  line 
of  flags  Avas  suspended  across  the  street,  and  a  large  single  flag 
Avas  displayed  by  IJajor  Frederick  K.  Tyler.  The  view,  on 
turni:  into  Harrison  avenue,  Avas  very  animating.  Here,  as 
on  the  other  street.s,  croAvds  filled  the  sidewalks,  and  gave 
a  lively  a!)pearance  to  the  scene,  Mr.  Silas  Allen  displayed 
a  full  length  portrait  of  Wasliington,  Avith  the  legend, 
"  8acuki)    to    Liberty  ! "      Three   large    flags,   French    and 


G8 


M'l 


American  colors,  were  suspended  across  the  street,  the  centre 
banner  bearing  the  words — 

"  Welcome  !  oi;ii  President  !  " 

The  house  of  P.  E.  Gay,  Esq.,  was  adorned  with  a  ])ov- 
trait  of  the  Goddess  of  Liberty,  and  an  array  of  banners  and 
streamers  joined  the  sides  of  the  avenue.     Tlie  motto — 

On  EAiiTii  Peace  and  Good  Will. 
Avas  displayed  from  one  of  the  upper  windows. 

On  the  building  of  Mr.  Warren,  No.  8,  Harrison  avenue, 
was  an  emblematic  portrait  of  Justice,  while  the  usual  line  of 
flags  was  suspended  across  the  front.  Underneath,  and  oji 
the  house  was  inscribed, — 

Anglo-Saxons. 

From  the  Armory  of  the  IJosion  Light  Infantry,  on  Wash- 
ington street,  was  suspended  the  American  flag,  bearing,  on 
one  side,  the  name,  and  the  date  of  the  organization,  of  the 
company — and  on  the  reverse,  its  ever  memorable  motto, — 
"  Death  or  an  Honorable  Life." 

The  China  Tea  Store  was  finely  decorated  with  a  large 
number  of  flags  and  streamers.  Partridge  &  Co.  displayed  a 
large  American  liag.  Mr.  James  H,  Foster  stretched  a  line  of 
colors  across  the  street.  The  flag  of  the  Whig  Reading  Room 
next  met  the  eye,  bearing  upon  it  t'  ?  names  of  "  Winthrop 
and  Grinnell."  The  store  of  Mr.  Armington,  merchant  tailor, 
was  very  tastefully  ornamented.  F»'om  the  upper  windows 
of  the  building  at  the  corner  of  State  and  Washington  streets, 
Avere  exhibited  a  number  of  small  and  neat  American  flags. 
The  oflice  of  thy-;  "Commonwealth"  newspaper  was  deco- 
rated in  a  similar  manner. 

Passing  up  Court  street,  from  "  Thompson  Hall,"  the 
Armory  of  the  City  Guards,  near  the  head  of  Hanover  street, 
were  displayed  several  lines  of  flags  and  streamers. 

The  route  ended  at  the  Revere  House,  where  was  seen  one 
of  the  finest  displays  of  the  occasion.  From  the  flagstaff"  on 
its  lofty  roof  floated,  together,  the  Stars  and  Stripes  and  the 
Union  Jack.  From  r;u;li  rornpr  of  fho  main  build iirr  \\';is 
di'^plnyed  an  American  flag.     The  portico  in  front  was  tiim- 


■!Sl 


69 


,"   the 
street, 


med  with  excellent  taste.  From  each  corner  was  suspended, 
in  graceful  festoons,  the  English  and  French  Hags,  meeting 
in  the  centre  the  Stars  and  Striper,  which  overhung  the  others 
as  if  to  bind  them  together  in  close  embrace.  Small  flags 
were  displayed  from  other  parts  of  the  building.  From  the 
house,  across  to  the  Bowdoin  Square  Church,  was  thrown  a 
line  of  Hags,  embracing  those  of  England,  France,  and  the 
United  States.     The  latter  bore  the  inscription — 

"Of  one  Blood,  all  Nations." 

And  on  the  reverse, 

"Peace  shall  Pheserve  what  LiKr^nTy  Bequeathed." 

Along  the  entire  route,  as  the  eye  glanced  down  the 
streets  on  each  side,  it  was  greeted  with  the  sight  of  flags 
and  streamers,  intermingled  in  many  instances  with  the  green 
foliage  of  the  trees,  and  my.king  with  them  a  most  exhileral- 
ing  show. 

On  the  arrival  of  the  column  at  the  Revere  House,  at  half 
past  two  o'clock,  the  President  was  received  by  a  battalion 
of  Cadets,  detafled  by  the  Commander-in-Chief  to  attend  as  a 
guard  of  honor  at  the  quarters  of  the  President,  and  under 
the  command  of  Lieut.  Col.  Thomas  C.  Amory.  The  bat- 
talion consisted  of — 

First  Division — Boston  Independent  Cadets,  Lieut.  Col. 
Thomas  C.  Amory. 

Second  Division — Salem  Independent  Cadets,  Capt.  Sam- 
uel B.  Foster. 

The  President  was  then  escorted  to  his  quarters  by  Mr. 
Mayor  Bigelow,  and  introduced  to  the  members  of  the  Board 
of  Aldermen  and  of  the  Common  Council.  The  military 
escort  was  then  dismissed  until  the  hour  fixed  for  the  review 
on  the  Common.  Large  delegations  from  Salem,  Lowell, 
Cambridge,  and  Charlestown,  were  presented  to  the  President, 
and  invited  him  to  visit  those  cities. 

The  demonstrations  of  welcome,  made  from  the  Revere 
House  and  other  buildings  ui)on  Bowdoin  s(|uare,  on  the 
arrival  of  the  President,  were  of  the  innst  onlliusiastic  char- 
acter.    The   windows  were  bright   with  smiling  faces,  and 


70 


,i   II 


«* 


the  Square  and  every  avenue  leading  to  it  closely  picked 
with  a  thronging  multitudR.  Deafening  cheers  went  up  con- 
liiuially  from  that  mass  of  men,  while  the  noiseless  welcome 
of  women  everywhere  greeted  the  eye,  and  the  President 
gracefully  and  heartily  acknowledged  hoth. 

At  the  Revere  House,  the  President  met  the  Hon.  Daniel 
Webster,  Secretary  of  State,  w/o  had  come  from  his  farm 
at  Mar&hfield,  (where  he  was  making  his  usual  summer  visit) 
for  the  purpose  of  meeting  President  Fillmore  and  his  asso- 
ciates in  the  Cabinet,  on  this  occasion. 

After  the  reception  of  His  Excellency,  George  S.  Boutwell, 
Governor  of  the  Commonwealth,  the  President  and  tlie  mem- 
bers of  his  Cabinet  were  escorted  to  the  rooms  of  the  State 
and  City  Committees,  and  there  partook  of  a  collation  pro- 
vided by  those  Committees. 

At  half  past  three  o'clock,  the  President  and  Suite  and  the 
Legislative  Committee  left  the  Revere  House,  and,  escorted 
by  the  Independent  Cadets  of  Boston,  and  the  fine  company 
of  the  same  name  belonging  to  Salem,  proceeded  to  the  State 
House. 

The  galleries  and  the  body  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
Avere  filled  to  overflowing  long  before  the  arrival  of  the  Presi- 
dent. Seats  had  been  reserved  for  the  President  and  Suite, 
for  the  Governor  and  Council,  and  for  the  Legislative  Com- 
mittee of  Arrangements.  In  the  body  of  the  House  were 
many  of  the  Overseers,  and  members  of  the  Faculty,  of  Har- 
vard University,  officers  of  the  Army  and  Navy,  and  many 
distinguished  citizens  of  our  own  and  other  States. 

At  a  quarter  before  four  o'clock,  the  Governor  aixd  Council 
entered  the  Hall,  and  took  the  places  which  had  been  assigned 
tu  them.  The  cheering,  outside,  now  indicated  the  Presi- 
dent's approach,  and  in  a  few  minutes  he  entered,  accom- 
panied by  Mr.  Webster,  Mr.  Stuart,  Mr.  Conrad,  ard  the 
Legislative  Committee,  The  audience  rose  to  receive  them. 
As  soon  as  silence  was  restored,  General  Wilson  presented  the 
President  to  Governor  Boutwell,  who  addressed  him  as  fol- 
lows : — 


14 


r* 


71 


Pre  si- 


N 


Mr.  President: — 

It  is  my  agreeable  duty,  in  accordance  with  the  unanimous  vote 
of  the  Legislature,  and  in  the  name  of  the  people  cf  IMassachu- 
setts,  to  tender  to  you  a  generous  Avelcome  to  the  territory  and 
tlio  hospitalicies  of  this  Commonwealth. 

And  we  wish  to  extend  to  those  distinguished  sons  of  other 
f^tatcs  who  arc  associated  with  you  in  the  adminiscration  of  the 
national  government  an  equal  welcome.  Nor  will  we  I'orgei,  on  this 
occasion,  to  welcome  and  honor  him  Avhom  Massachusetts  has 
honored  through  a  large  part  of  her  constitutional  history. 

The  words  of  welcome  are  upon  my  lips,  but  the  sentiment  is 
in  the  hearts  of  the  people. 

They  respect  the  purity  of  your  private  life  ;  they  appreciate 
the  duration,  variety  and  elevated  character  of  your  pul)ric  ser- 
vices ;  and,  finally,  they  welcome  you  as  the  chief  magistrate  of 
the  American  republic. 

We  invite  you  to  a  more  intimate  ac([uaintance  with  the  people 
of  Massachusetts — to  an  examination  of  their  mechanical  and  man- 
ufacturing skill  and  success,  and  to  a  nearer  view  of  their  com- 
mercial and  agricultural  resources  and  power. 

We  shall  gladly  open  to  your  inspection  Oi  r  i  .stitutions  of  dif- 
ferent orders  for  the  reformation  of  the  guilty — our  asylums  for 
the  care  and  restoration  of  the  deaf,  the  dumb,  the  blind,  and  the 
insane — our  schools,  academies,  and  colleges,  established  and 
maintained  for  the  education  of  the  whole  people. 

And  especially  do  we  desire  to  direct  your  attention  to  the 
system  of  railways,  whose  net-work  has  been  spread  over  Massa-^ 
chusetts  and  New  England  within  the  last  twenty  years. 

We  trust  that  you  will  see,  in  that  system,  not  only  evidence  of 
past  accumulation  of  wealth,  but  also  clear  indications  of  future 
growth  and  prospciity. 

Nor  shall  we  attempt  to  conceal  from  you  the  darker  side  of 
our  character  :  for  the  })oor,  the  ignorant,  and  the  vicious  aro 
still  found  amongst  us. 

But  we  desire  to  assure  you,  that,  on  this  occasion,  wo  forget  all 
names  and  distinctions,  but  the  honorable  one  o( ^Inu  rican  cill^ois  ; 
that  in  the  future,  as  in  the  past,  ^Massachusetts  will  prove  triic  to 
the  Constitution  and  the  Union  ;  that  she  will  know  no  North,  no 
Soutli,  no  East,  no  West,  but  only  the  Republic,  one  and  indi- 
visablc. 

And  for  yoiirself.  Sir,  alloAV  us  to  hope  that  your  i)ubric  life  may 
bo  agrccaljle  to  you  and  beneficial  to  the  country — and  that  in 
your  hours  of  retirement  you  may  enjoy  the  usual  rewards  of  a 
virtuous,  private  and  public,  career. 


;' 


I'll  "i  I 


n 

Prcr^idcnt  Fillmore  rc[)lic(l  as  follows : 

OovKRxoR  OF  Massachusetts, — 

Under  no  circumstances  could  I  have  received  ."nch  a  welcono 
as  this  thr()u;^h  tiio  executive  head  of  this  preat  State,  without 
feeliuLi;  the  deepest  emotions  of  gratitude.  From  the  moment  I 
reached  the  hordcrs  of  your  State,  I  have  every  where  met  with 
a  wclcC'  0  which  I  c  uld  not  have  anticipated. 

Yon  ia"e  :■  . '  S'  ,  that  -our  ins  itiitions  of  every  kind  arc 
open  to  v!"  iusj,'  '"tion  of  myself  and  of  those  associated  Avith  mc. 
It  is  r,  ;»ni!"iti<aP  .  to  mo  to  he  permitted  to  look  into  the  institu- 
tions of  thi  .^tatc  o  most  flourishing,  perhaps,  of  any  in  the 
Union.  You  have  .^ai ',  Sir,  that  Massachusetts  is  prepared  to 
sustain  the  (Constitution  and  the  Union.  Sir,  as  I  passed  through 
this  city  and  saw  its  streets  lined  for  miles  with  a  dense  multitude 
of  people,  and  witnessed  the  perfect  order  that  every  where  j)re- 
vailed,  I  could  not  for  a  moment  believe  that  this  community, 
though  often  excited,  could  ever  be  brought  to  commit  treason 
against  the  United  States.     [Applause.] 

Sii",  it  has  been  my  duty, — sometimes  a  painful  one, — to  exe- 
cute the  laws  of  the  Union  upon  those  who  did  not  approve  of 
+hcm.  This  must  inevitably  be  the  case  with  all  who  occupy  the 
position  which  1  now  hold.  But,  Sir,  I  see  manifested  in  the  faces 
of  this  intelligent  community  tliat  which  assures  me,  that  so  far 
as  this  City  is  concerned,  and  I  believe  so  far  as  this  State  is  con- 
cerned, this  duty,  however  painful  it  may  be,  may  hereafter  bo 
performed  with  ease.     [Applause.] 

Sir,  [  congratulate  you  on  the  proud  distinction  your  State  has 
ac([uired  ''rom  the  prosecution  and  completion  of  her  great  works 
of  internal  improvement.  You  have  stretched  out  your  railroads 
to  the  >forth  and  invited  her  Commerce  ;  and  she  is  noAv  pouring 
her  tribute  into  your  lap.  M;iy  you  and  those  associated  Avith 
you  long  live  to  enjoy  this  ri(!h  blessing.  Y'ou  liave  taught  your 
sister  States  that  although  you  do  not  possess  the  power  of  invit- 
ing conunerce  by  canals,  you  can  yet  stretch  forth  your  iron 
arms,  reach  the  remotest  cities  of  the  Union,  and  bring  hither 
their  wealth  and  their  productions. 

Sir,  it  does  not  become  me  to  express  for  them  the  emotions  of 
those  who  accompany  me.  They  can  speak  for  themselves  far 
lictter  than  I  can  speak  for  them.  I'ermit  me,  however,  in  con- 
clusion, to  say  that  I  receive  this  testimony  of  respect  from  the 
City  of  Boston  and  the  State  of  ^Massachusetts  not  so  nuich  as  a 
testimony  of  respect  to  myself,  as  an  evidence  of  their  devotion 
to  our  I'niou  and  to  our  glorious  Constitution,  and  of  their  deter- 
mination to  maintain  them,     [Loud  and  prolonged  cheers.] 


logislat 


113 


olcone 
vitliout 
incnt  I 
ct  with 

nd  aro 
ith  mc. 
iiistih;- 
iu  tlio 
tared  to 
tlirouf^h 
ultitiide 
jre  pre- 
munity, 
treason 

-to  cxe- 
provc  of 
;upy  the 
he  faces 
it  so  far 
is  con- 
after  be 

tatc  has 
it  works 
aUroads 
pouring 
ted  -with 
ht  your 
of  invit- 
3ur  iron 
5  hither 

otions  of 
Ives  far 
in  con- 
froni  the 
ucli  as  a 
devotion 
ir  deter- 

] 


As  soon  as  the  Picsident  had  conchided  his  remarks,  Mr. 
Webstci  was  presented  to  the  Governor  by  IJenjaniin  Stevens, 
Es(|.,  Serj^eaiit-at-Arms.  He  wf  s  greeted  with  yreat  cheering 
by  the  audic^-e,  and  spoke  at,  lollows: 

May  it  rLEA>!i'  your  Excellency, — 

Thi.^  ocoasiou  is  not  mine.  Its  honors  or  its  duties  ai*c  not  duo 
to,  or  from  me.  The  State,  the  great  State,  the  old  State,  the  okl 
patriotic  jhmker  Hill  and  Fancuil  Hall  State  of  Massachusetts, 
lias  invited  the  President  of  the  United  States. within  her  borders. 
To  your  honored  ncrson,  and  to  your  lionored  office,  may  it  please 
your  Excellency,  tiis  visit  is  paid.  Nevertheless,  I  am  a  r  '1 
deal  touched  by  your  Excellency's  allusion  to  me  and  to  the  ku  \t\i 
of  my  public  service. 

As  I  have  said.  Sir,  the  occasion  belongs  to  the  Preside  il,  nd 
to  those  of  his  Cabinet  who  arc  strangers.  Thank  God,  .x,a  .  j 
stranger  here.  [Applause.]  I  am  of  Massachusetts— hon  of 
her  bone,  and  flesh  of  her  flesh,  [cheers]  and  I  would  r  ^her  le- 
joico  in  taking  a  jtart  Avith  you,  may  it  please  your  Excel  :ucy,  as 
the  Governor  of  the  State,  and  my  fellow  citizens  who  surround 
you,  in  paying  honor  to  tho  President  of  the  United  States, 
than  in  acting  any  part,  or  in  demanding  any  part,  toward 
myself     [Cheers.] 

And,  may  it  please  your  Excellency,  I  wish,  in  the  first  place, 
to  say  that,  from  the  bottom  of  my  heart,  I  wish  entire  success  to 
your  administration  of  the  great  affairs  of  this  State.  Into  whose- 
soever hands  these  affairs  may  fall,  if  they  are  fairly  and  impar- 
tially administered,  those  hands  shall  have  my  hand  in  their  suji- 
port  and  maintenance.     [Applause.] 

In  the  next  place,  I  wish  to  say  that  I  devoutly  wish  that  the 
great  interests  of  the  Commonwealth  may  prosper.  Our  interests 
are  various.  They  arc  complex.  We  have  a  million  of  jjeople 
living  on  a  very  small  surface — on  a  sterile  soil,  and  beneath  an 
inclement  sky ;  and  yet  we  are  full  of  hajipiness,  and  all  arc,  as 
we  say  in  the  country,  "  well-to-do  in  the  world,  and  enjoying 
neighbor's  fare."  [Cheers.]  Now,  that  must  be  owing  to  wise 
legislation.  It  must  bo  owing  to  great  economy  and  prudence 
among  the  people.  It  nnist  be  owing  to  a  system  of  education. 
It  must  be  owing  to  something  that  is  not  in  the  earth,  nor  in  the 
sky,  but  in  the  soul  and  heart  of  man,  woman  and  child.  [Re- 
newed cheers.]     And  these,  I  hope,  will  prosper. 

I  not  only  hope  that  every  local  concern  of  this  great  Common- 
Awalth,  under  your  administration,  and  those  of  your  successors, 
may  prosper,  but  above  all,  above  all,  a  sentiment  I  can  never  re- 
press, and  hardly  postpone,  my  ardent  prayer  is,  that  this  whole 

JO 


■  ii\^' 


u 


country,  bound  tdjretlicr  as  it  i,^  by  tics  of  iiitcr'st,  of  atfiuity,  of 
iissociiitidu,  may  t'oiitiimo  to  be  .so  bound  torovcr.  Thuso  tics  can 
never  be  liroken  until  tiiat  tbin;:;  sliail  bap|ien,  wbicli  1  tr\ist  will 
never  liappen,  juider  (lod's  ])lesain^,  luitil  tlio  Constitution  of  tbe 
country  sliall  prove  a  curdo  to  it.  [l'rolon;^cd  ai)plausc.]  Never  1 
Xeccr !     XkveuI 

Why,  what  is  it  that  supports  all  these  interests  ?  What  is  it  'i 
Here  is  a  mass  of  commerce.  Who  protects  it?  Here  is  a  vast 
interest  in  manufactures.  What  ])rotects  it 't  Here  is  a  coasting 
trade  ruiniiii'j;  from  Xewburypurt  round  to  Calitornia.  Who  pro- 
tects it 't  ^Vllat  laws  'i  AVbat  'jjovcrnmcnt  ?  In  short,  wherever 
we  turn  our  ayi^'^,  we  see  that  this  State  is  not  only  an  a;^ricultu- 
ral  State,  but  a  conmiercial  State,  a  manufacturing  State,  a  State 
mixed  up  with  ail  the  interests  tliat  belong  to  society ;  and  be- 
yond all  these  visible  and  demonstrable  interests,  there  arc  a  vast 
many  Yankee  notions  besides ;  Avitli  all  these  we  live  under  the 
laws  of  the  general  government,  and  should  perish  if  those  laws 
■\vero  abrogated.     [A))i)lause.] 

Sir,  you  have  alluded  to  the  period  in  which  I  have  passed 
some  part  of  my  life  in  the  administration  of  tlio  atfairs  of  the 
country.  'J'hc  years  of  human  life  weai'  a^say.  Sir.  I  shall  ])er- 
form  such  services  for  no  sucli  other  length  of  time.  But  with 
every  increasing  year,  and  day,  and  Iiour,  the  more  1  contemplate 
the  history  of  this  country,  the  great  destiny  of  this  country,  the 
more  I  see  it  and  behold  it,  as  stretching  from  sea  to  sea,  and 
from  the  rivers  to  the  ends  of  the  earth,  the  more  I  see  it  exhibit 
the  American  geniiis  at  home  and  abroad,  tlie  more  1  see  what 
exhibitions  of  skill  have  ast(jni.slicd  Kuropo  in  this  our  day,  and  in 
this  our  sunuuer,  the  more  I  am  surprised  and  gratiiied.  W  by, 
Sir,  the  bitterest,  ablest,  and  most  anti- American  press  in  all  Eu- 
rope, within  a  fortnight,  has  .stated  that,  "in  every  thing  valuable, 
in  every  thing  that  is  for  human  imi)rovement,  exhibited  at  the 
World's  Fair,  the  United  States  go  so  far  ahead  of  every  body 
else  as  to  leave  nobody  else  in  sight."  It  is  like  the  position  of 
Jove  among  the  gods.  Jove  is  first  and  there  is  none  second. 
And  in  another  paper,  of  much  influence  in  the  jouncils  of  Great 
Britain,  the  editor  says,  "The  time  is  coming"  (ho  might  almost 
have  said,  '•  and  now  is,")  "'  when  America  shall  command  the 
ocean,  and  both  oceans,  and  all  oceans."  This  results  partly  from 
the  skill  of  individuals,  partly  from  the  untirhig  ingenuity  of  the 
people,  and  partly  from  those  great  events  which  have  given  us  the 
ocean  of  one  world  on  one  side,  and  the  ocean  of  the  other  Avorld 
on  the  other.  They  appear  to  have  filled  the  minds  of  men  with 
astonishment.  It  has  brouglit  to  my  mind  an  incident  in  the  life 
of  an  eminent  Bostouian,  not  now  hving,  Mr.  John  Lowell.  lie 
y>Sii  an  ardent  admirer  of  tlic  achicvemcutd  of  the  American 


/.) 


Xavv,  and  porfoctly  cntlin<?iai=!tio  in  ro.'i^anl  to  tlio  extent  to  which 
the  naval  pm-er  of  the  I'nited  Statc^i  mi,^ht  bo  carried.  After 
the  war  of  1  Si 2  ho  was  in  MnL^land,  and,  dinin;^  with  some  friends, 
he  ^avo  ntteranco,  in  a  phivfnl  manner,  to  \iU  lii;j;li  and  ahnnst  un- 
hoinided  hopes  and  e.\]ieetation.-!  on  tlii.s  point.  One  nf  tlie  ;.'etitle- 
iiien  said,  "  Well,  INFi".  Tiowell,  yonr  comitrv  niav,  lor  an^'ht  I  know, 
reach  that  hei^rht  of  elevation  Avliich  yon  predict,  hnt  I  trnst  wo 
Kin-ojjeans  may  yet  1)0  ahlo  to  cross  the  seas."  "  Certaiidy," 
replied  Mr.  Lowell,  with  snch  promptitude  and  facetionsnesM  of 
manner  as  to  set  tho  tahlc  in  a  ^'ood  tempered  roar,  "  certainly. 
Sir,  certainly,  hnt  do  not  wonder  if  some  day  yon  shall  lioar  ns 
say,  '  by  our  leave,  (ictlemen.'"     [Apj>laiise.] 

May  1'.  jiicase  yoin-  Excellency,  I  hope  that  all  health,  happi- 
ness and  ])rosperity  will  attend  yon  licnccibrward  through  life. 
[Knthusiastic  cheers.] 

Tho  Hon.  C.  T.  Russell  then  proseutcJ  to  the  Governor  tho 
lion.  Alexander  H.  TI.  Stuart,  the  Secretary  of  tlio  Interior, 
who  was  warmly  received,  and  made  the  following  remarks  : 

.AIay  it  ple.ase  your  ExCELLKXrV. — 

The  very  complimentary  manner  in  which  you  have  been  pleased 
to  allude  to  my  friend  on  my  left  (Mr.  Conrad)  and  myself,  seems 
to  demand  at  our  hands  a  word  of  response  and  of  thanks.  I 
tender  to  you.  Sir,  my  most  cordial  acknowledgments  for  the  wel- 
come you  have  given  us.  This,  Sir,  is  the  Urst  time  that  my  foot 
has  ever  rested  on  the  soil  of  New  England.  [Hear,  hear.]  But 
I  trust,  Sir,  it  will  not  be  the  last.     [Applause.] 

I  have  seen  to-day  many  things  to  admire,  and  which  have 
afforded  me  instruction.  I  have  seen  the  network  of  railroads  to 
Avhich  you  have  alUided,  which  are  new  penetrating  to  tho  re- 
motest parts  of  our  country.  I  have  seen,  as  1  traversed  yoiu* 
territory,  the  hardy  yeomanry  of  your  Commonwealth.  And 
iicre.  Sir,  permit  mo  to  say  that,  in  all  my  travels  throughout  this 
wide  confederacy,  I  have  never  yet  seen  the  same  evidences  of 
intelligence,  of  industry,  of  prosperity,  and  of  every  thing  that 
renders  the  condition  of  man  deliirhtful  in  this  life.     [Applause.] 

I  have  seen  bands  of  children  lining  our  way  for  miles,  who 
had  come  from  your  glorious  common  schools  to  tender  their  wel- 
come to  the  President  of  the  United  States.  [Cliecrs.]  I  felt, 
Sir,  that  it  Avas  well  that  they  should  Ijo  there.  1  felt  that  they 
would  learn  lessons  of  national  patriotism,  and  have  them  deeply 
implanted  in  their  hearts,  [lienewcd  cheers.]  I  felt  that  the  very 
iact  that  they  looked  npon — not  tlie  Chief  Magistrate  of  ^Nlassa- 
chusetts, — but,  tho  Chief  Magistrate  of  this  broad  confedcr- 
ney,  extending  a'^ross  this  wide  conthient,  would  tench  tb.eni   to 


7C 


ra'iso  their  eyes  ahove  tlio  horizon  of  Ma><s(iclmsctts,  ho  as  to  tako 
ill  i\\o  interests,  and  the  h(tnor,  and  the  ;^lt»ry  ot"  this  whok'  Ko- 
l)uhlic.      [Cheers. J 

Sir,  my  friend  on  my  ri;;]it  [Mr.  Wo))ster]  tohl  us  just  now, 
that  this  was  not  a  ^]ay  (Usvotcd  to  liim ;  that  it  was  devoted  to 
tho  Htran;^ers.  Sir,  if  ho  intended  to  allude  to  me  as  one  of  the 
nfr(tni/ern,  I  deny  the  !ij)i)lieation  of  th»-  t(>nii.  [Applause*.]  Sir, 
it  is  true  that  I  never  l)efore  stood  upon  tho  soil  of  Massachusetts ! 
]}ut.  Sir,  can  Virj^itiia  ))0  a  stran^^er  to  Massachusetts  't  [Knthu- 
HJastic  applause.]  ^'o.  Sir!  I  ieel  that,  as  a  Virj^inian,  as  a  son 
of  that  glorious  old  Coir.monwoalth  which  stood  side  hy  side  with 
Massachusetts  in  tho  darkest  hour  of  the  Uovolution,  1  am  no 
stranger  within  her  horders.     [Loud  cheers.] 

Sir,  when  1  saw  the  evidences,  to  which  1  have  alluded,  of  your 
prosperity  and  of  your  advancement  in  every  thing  that  promotes 
national  hajipiness,  1  felt  not  one  sentiment  of  envy.  No,  Sir! 
I  felt  that  while  all  these  things  helonged  to  ^lassaehnsctts,  they 
belonged  also  to  the  I'uion — they  bel<mged  also  to  inc.'  [Sensa- 
tion.] Sir,  I  shall  go  back  to  Virginia,  as  1  said  before,  instruct- 
ed. I  shall  be  able  to  teach  my  venerated  old  mother  some  few 
lessons  of  tlio  modern  mode  of  growing  into  ])r()sperity.  I  trust 
that  the  few  hours  1  have  spent  here  have  not  been  nselessly 
spent,  liut  1  must  acknowledge  that  T  have  felt  something  like 
humiliation  when  1  contrasted  the  condition  of  my  own  Conunon- 
wealth  with  that  of  ^Fassachusetts.  She  has  a  climate  and  a  soil 
superior  to  yours.  She  has  a  population  in  muny  of  their  traits 
your  equals.  [Applause.]  ]5ut  she  has  not  understood  the  true 
principles  of  practical  economy-  You  have  taught  her  a  lesson. 
I  will  be  tho  bearer  of  it  to  her  when  I  return  to  my  home. 
[Cheers.] 

But  while  I  acknowledge  our  inferiority  to  your  noble  State  in 
many  things,  there  are  others  in  which  I  feel  that  she  is  at  least 
your  equal.  If  you  ha  ve  your  Bunker  Hill,  we  ha\e  our  Yorktown ! 
[Loud  applause.]  If  you  have  had  your  Hancock  and  Adamses, 
we  have  had  o\ir  Jcft'erson  and  Madison.  [Increased  applause.] 
If  you  have  had  your  Daniel  Webster,  [reiteraicd  applause]  we 
have  had  our  Patrick  Henry.  [Stunning  cheers.]  And  tower- 
ing high  above  them  all  we  have  had  our  and  t/oiu'  Washington  ! 
[Irrepressible  enthusiasm.] 

Sir,  there  is  one  other  thing  in  which  I  will  not  yield  the  i)alm 
even  to  ^Massachusetts.  In  loyalty,  in  true  devocion  to  the  Con- 
stitution and  to  the  Union,  you  may  rely  upon  It,  Virginia  has  no 
superior.  [Hear,  hear.]  She  will  stand  by  them  to  the  last 
hour  of  her  existence.  She  will  neither  repudiate  the  guarantees 
of  the  Constitution,  nor  will  she  do  aught  that  can  tend  to  weaken 
the  bonds  of  our  glorious  confederacy.     [Cheers.] 


77 


111 


Pnnlon  m<\  Mir,  for  liavin;i  detained  you  so  !on;i,  nnd  accept  tlio 
sincere  oxpi'est»ion  of  my  thanks.     |  l'r(ili>n;.o'd  iijijilause. ) 

The  Hon.  CiiAm.KH  M.  Conkad,  tho  Secretary  of  War,  was 
then  presented  to  His  Excellency,  hy  J.  T.  St(!venson,  Esi|., 
and  spoke  as  follows  : — 

Mr.  GovERXor, : — 

Althon^^h  the  remarks  of  my  friends  and  fellow-lahrtrcrs,  wlio 
iiave  just  addressed  you,  nii;:lit  seem  to  nmdor  it  supeHluous,  I 
cannot,  nevertheless,  resist  the  temptation  to  offer  also  the  fechlo 
expression  of  my  thanks  and  my  acknowledgements  for  the  cor- 
dial ^^reetin;^  which  I  have  received  from  you,  and  from  the  citi- 
zens of  the  State  of  which  you  are  the  or^^an,  from  the  moment 
wc  entered  its  horders.  1  need  not  assm'e  ycmr  ivvcolh'ncy,  that 
1  have  not  the  vanity  to  impute  this  warm,  and,  1  minlit  almost 
say,  this  enthusiastic  jircotin/j;  at  your  hands,  to  any  jicrsonal 
merits  of  my  own.  Associated,  as  I  am,  in  the  Cahinet  with  men 
far  ahler  and  far  older  than  myself,  havinj^  at  its  head  yonr  illus- 
trious lellow-citizen,  [turnin;:;  towards  the  lion.  Daniel  Wehster,] 
a  man  who  combines  the  logic  of  Aristotle  with  the  cloipicncc  of 
Tally,  1  feel  that,  while  I  am  ready  to  take  my  full  share  of  all 
the  responsibility  that  may  attach  to  the  station  which  I  have  the 
honor  to  occujjy,  I  can  claim  hut  a  very  small  portion  of  uny  merit 
that  may  belong  to  it.  Ikit,  Sir,  1  view  these  manifestations 
simply  as  demonstrations  of  respect  for  the  office  which  I  have  the 
honor  to  hold.  Viewed  in  that  light,  viewed  as  indications  of  the 
attachment  of  the  people  of  this  great  Commonwealth  to  the  Union, 
and  to  the  institutions  of  the  country,  I  assure  you  most  sincerely 
that  they  arc  far,  very  far  nioro  gratifying  to  me  than  viewed  as 
manifestations  of  any  })ersonal  regard  to  myself,  however  pleasing 
that  might  be.     [Ajtplause.] 

Mr.  (jrovernor, — My  friend  who  has  just  addressed  you,  dis- 
claimed for  himself  the  title  of  a  "  stranger."  I  think  I  may  with 
equal  right  disclaim  that  title.  [Applause.]  I  have  not,  it  is 
true,  the  lion  of  coming  from  a  State,  which,  like  A'irgiiiia,  has 
been  a  partner  vith  Massachusetts  in  the  })erils  and  dangers  of 
the  Revolution.  But,  Sir,  I  come  from  a  State,  which  counts, 
among  her  best  a, id  most  virtuous  and  enlightened  citizens,  many 
who  came  from  both  of  those  States.  I  think,  Sir,  that  a  citizen 
of  New  Orleans  may  well  claim  some  acquaintance  with  the  citi- 
zens of  Boston.  Connected,  as  wc  are,  by  ties,  not  only  of  common 
kindred,  but  by  the  social  intercourse  and  commercial  relatiotiS 
that  bind  us  daily  more  and  more  closely  together,  I  cannot  fo< !, 
when  I  tread  the  soil  of  Boston,  that  I  am  on  the  soil  of  a  foreigni 


'I  I 


78 


land.  [Cliccrs.]  Neitlior  is  this  my  first  visit  to  jour  City  or  to 
your  State.  I  liavo  heretofore,  on  one  or  two  occasions,  as  a 
]>nvato  individual,  enjoyed  tlic  hospitahtics  of  your  citizens:  and  I 
assure  you  that  every  visit,  that  l  make  to  your  State  and  to  its 
beautiful  capital,  is  a  source  of  new  pleasure  and  satisfaction.  At 
every  new  visit  that  I  make  to  both,  1  jierceive  new  evidences  of 
that  industry,  that  enterprise,  that  pul)lic  spirit  and  that  philan- 
thropy, -which  may  be  said  to  be  their  prominent  characteristics, 
and,  I  am  happy  to  add,  new  indications  of  their  continued  and 
incrcasin,ii;  jirosperity. 

I  need  not  say  to  the  citizens  of  ^Massachusetts,  and  above  all, 
I\Ir.  (lovcrnor,  I  need  not  say  to  you,  and  to  the  enlightened  audi- 
ence which  I  now  have  the  honor  to  address,  bow  much  of  this 
])rospcrity  is  due  to  the  preservation  of  that  Union  which  the  Com- 
monwealth of  ^Massachusetts  contributed  so  powerfully  to  establish, 
and  which  I  am  sure  she  Avill  also,  at  all  times,  be  ready,  as  pow- 
erfully to  assist  in  maintaininu:.  [Applause.]  All  that  I  can  now 
do,  ]\Ir.  Governor,  is  to  express,  as  1  do,  the  sincere  Avish  that  this 
] )rosperi ty  may  continue  as  Jong  as  the  Union  continues,  and  that 
both  may  be  perpetual.     [Aj^plause.] 


\s  soon  as  Mr.  Conrad  had  concluded,  the  Hon.  C.  T.  Rus- 
sell announced  that,  in  consequence  of  the  proposed  review  of 
the  military  upon  the  Common,  the  President  would  be 
obliged  to  forego  the  pleasure  of  a  personal  introduction  to 
the  assembly. 

The  ceremony  of  reception  at  the  State  House  having  thus 
terminated,  the  President,  accompanied  by  Governor  Boutwell 
and  his  Staff,  consisting  of  Adjutant  General  Stone,  and  Lieut. 
(;!olonels  Heard,  C'lapman,  Williams  and  Needham.  and  by 
General  John  S.  Tyler,  Chief  Marshal,  and  the  other  jMarshals 
of  the  day,  and  escorted  by  the  Battalion  of  Cadets,  proceeded 
thence  to  the  Common,  r'^  the  foot  of  which,  on  the  Parade 
Ground,  the  troops  were  r  -eady  drawn  up  in  line  awaiting  his 
arrival.  As  he  passed  down  Beacon  street,  and  through  the 
gate  at  the  corner  of  Charles  street,  discharges  of  cannon  an- 
nounced his  approach,  and,  in  a  few  moments  after  his  arrival, 
leaving  his  escort,  and  followed  only  by  the  Governor  and 
Staff,  ami  the  mounted  Marshals,  he  appeared  in  front  of  the 
line,  mounted  upon  a  superb  black  charger,  which  he  managed 
with  graceful  case,  at   the  same  time,  as  he  passed  along, 


I 


79 


acknowledging  the  hearty  sahitations  which  burst  tVoni 
the  excited  tiiousands  who  thickly  crowned  all  the  rising 
grounds  that  almost  encircle  the  lield.  Having  reached  a 
position  nearly  opposite  the  centre  of  the  line,  he  was  saluted 
by  the  General  in  Command,  accompanied  by  whom  and 
Stair,  he  rode  along  the  whole  front, — saluted  by  each  regi- 
ment as  he  passed, — and  returned  by  the  rear  to  the  same 
position.  The  line  now  broke  into  column,  and,  preceded 
by  the  Lancers,  marched  in  review  before  the  President, 
and  after  passing  around  the  entire  parade  ground,  formed 
into  line  again  as  before  ;  each  regiment  occupying  the  same 
relative  position  as  in  the  procession  of  the  morning. 

The  President,  with  the  Governor  and  Staif,  now  retired 
from  the  field,  and  was  escorted  to  his  ([uarters  at  the  Revere 
House  ;  and  the  troops  were  dismissed,  after  having  received 
the  thanks  of  General  Edmands  for  the  manner  in  which 
they  had  discharged  the  duties  of  the  day. 

Besides  the  President,  and  the  Governor  and  Stalf,  a  large 
juimber  of  distinguished  persons  were  on  the  field  at  the  time 
of  the  review,  many  of  whom,  including  several  ollicers  of 
the  British  army,  were  in  uniform.  The  auchorities  of  the 
City  were  also  present,  together  with  several  ollicers  of  the 
Army  and  Navy  of  the  United  States. 

The  review,  to  which  the  beauty  of  the  weather  gave 
additional  effect,  was  regarded  as  one  of  the  finest  military 
exhibitions  ever  witnessed  in  this  part  of  the  country.  In 
fact  the  appearance  of  the  troops,  throughout  the  day,  was 
in  the  highest  degree  creditable  to  them.  The  British  ollicers 
expressed  themselves  in  terms  of  generous  admiration  of  our 
citizen  soldiers,  and  the  President  said  that  the  military  dis- 
play was  tlie  finest  he  had  ever  witnessed. 

The  festivities  of  the  day  were  brought  to  a  close  by  a 
dinner,  given,  at  the  Revere  House,  by  the  City  Government, 
to  the  President  and  Suite  and  the  distinguished  guests,  from 
the  British  Colonies,  and  from  d liferent  parts  of  our  o\v:i  coun- 
try. At  half  past  eight  o'clock  in  the  evening,  the  comjjany 
took  their  seats  at  the  tables  in  tlie  main  dining  hull,  which 


ll 


il;U 


80 


was  tastefully  decorated  in  honor  of  the  occasion.  The  din- 
ner was  sumptuous  and  elegantly  served. 

Mr.  Mfiyor  Bigelow  presided.  Upon  his  right  sat  the  Presi- 
dent of  the  United  States,  and  on  his  left,  the  Governor  of  the 
Coinrnonwealtli.  Sir  Allan  McNab  and  the  other  distin- 
guished men,  civil  and  military,  from  Canada,  occuj)ied  seats 
at  the  central  table,  while  the  other  guests,  representing  the 
two  countries,  were  seated  at  the  side  tables. 

The  President,  in  consequence  of  great  fatigue,  left  the  hall 
at  an  early  hour,  accompanied  by  the  Mayor,  at  whose  request, 
Mr.  Alderman  Rogers  then  took  the  Chair.  His  appropri- 
ate address,  upon  assuming  it,  was  followed  by  others  from 
the  Hon.  Francis  Hincks,  the  Prime  Minister  of  the  Governor 
General  of  Canada,  Gen.  Edmands  of  Boston,  Col.  Home,  the 
senior  British  officer  present,  the  Hon.  Benjamin  Seaver,  Sir 
Allan  McNab,  the  Hon.  Joseph  Howe,  Provincial  Secretary  of 
?'i)va  Scotia,  Ex-Gov.  Paine  oi  Vermont,  John  P.  Putnam, 
Esq.,  of  Boston,  Mr.  Justice  Alwyn,  of  Canada  East,  Col.  Ezra 
Lincoln,  the  Hon.  Josiah  Q,uincy,Jr.,  and  Col.  Wm.  Schouler, 
of  Boston,  Gen.  Leslie  Coombs,  of  Kentucky,  the  Hon.  Henry 
Wilson,  and  the  Hon.  W.  B.  Lawrence,  Acting  Governor  of 
Rhode  Island. 

These  festivities  closed,  at  about  eleven  o'clock,  with  nine 
cheers  for  Her  Majesty,  Gtueen  Victoria,  and  nine  more  for 
the  President  of  the  United  States. 

During  the  whole  day,  which  had  now  so  agreeably  come 
to  an  end,  the  streets  of  the  city  were  thronged  with  hilarious, 
yet  well-conducted  crowds,  and  each  train  of  cars  arriving 
brought  large  and  welcome  additions  to  the  already  great 
number  of  strangers  within  our  gates.  Among  the  new 
comers,  was  His  Honor,  John  G.  Bowes,  the  Mayor  of 
Toronto,  accompanied  by  several  Aldermen,  members  of  the 
Council,  and  others  of  the  principal  officers  of  that  city. 

No  accident  or  disorder  occurrred  to  disturb  the  general 
harmony  and  joy  ;  the  anticipations  of  the  day  were  fully  real- 
ized, and  its  observances  left  on  the  minds  of  all,  who  shared 
in  or  witnessed  them,  impressions  simply  delightful. 


' 


i|(.i 


81 


SECOND  DAY. 

The  diiitinguishing  features  of  the  Second  Day  of  tlie  Ju- 
bilee Thursday,  September  18,  were  the  Excursion  down  the 
Harbor  of  Hoston ;  the  arrival  and  reception  of  Lord  Elgin, 
the  C'overnor  General  of  British  North  America,  and  his 
Suite  ;  and  the  Levees  given  in  the  evening  at  private  resi- 
dences and  other  places  in  honor  of  the  distinguished  guests 
of  the  City. 

A  serene  and  cloudless  sky  continued  to  smile  upon  the 
festivities,  while  the  summer  blandness  of  the  air  drew  forth 
into  the  streets  still  greater  crowds  than  those  which  had 
constituted  so  striking  a  feature  of  the  day  preceding,  and 
additional  banners  and  other  tasteful  and  showy  embellish- 
ments lent  their  gaiety  to  the  scene. 

The  water-side,  near  the  spot  where  the  parties  embarked 
on  board  the  steamboats  for  the  excursion  down  the  harbor, 
presented  a  most  enlivening  sight.  The  wharves  and  the 
vessels  raid  tlicir  rigging  were  covered  with  a  dense  mass  of 
spectators.  The  ships  were  decked  in  their  gayest  apparel, 
and  hundreds  of  masts,  Hinging  to  the  breeze  their  ensigns 
and  streamers,  gave  a  vivid  idea  of  that  extensive  commerce 
whose  interests  are  so  intimately  connected  with  the  event 
over  which  all  were  rejoicing.  The  wide  expanse  of  the 
harbor,  with  the  multitudes  of  small  craft  upon  its  heaving 
bosom,  the  clear  blue  sky  and  the  bright  sun  over  head,  giv- 
ing life  and  splendor  to  all,  made  up  a  ))icture  which  has  not 
been  surpassed  in  its  characteristic  features  by  anything  of 
the  kind  among  us. 

At  an  early  hour  the  guests  invited  to  the  excursion  began 

to  move  toward  the  T  wharf,  the  place  of  embarkation,  and 

Until  half-past  ten^  the  time  of  starting,  the  avenues  leading 
II 


82 


'm. 


in  that  direction  were  thronged.  The  steame-s  engaged  for 
the  exenrsion  were  the  S.  S.  liewis,  ^which  was  kindly 
placed  at  the  disposal  of  the  Ci'y  Government  for  this  occa- 
sion by  her  owners,)  the  IJenjamin  Franklin,  the  St.  Law- 
rence, the  Mayllower,  the  Naushon,  and  the  John  Taylor. 
To  these  were  added  the  revenne  cutters  Hamilton  and 
Morris. 

The  arrival  of  the  steamer  S.  S.  Lewis  had  been  anxiously 
looked  for,  for  several  days,  and  the  announcement  that  she 
had  come  to  anchor  off  East  IJoston  in  the  morning,  and  would 
be  in  readiness  to  jierform  the  ])art  assigned  her  in  the  excur- 
sion, \vas  highly  gratifying  to  all.  She  arrived  below  in  the 
night,  having  made  the  passage  from  the  Delaware  Break- 
water in  forty-seven  hours,  running  time. 

The  i?umber  of  guests  invited,  and  nearly  all  of  whom 
embarked  on  board  these  several  vessels,  was  between  three 
and  four  thousand,  distributed  nearly  as  follows,  viz. : 

In  the  S.  S.  Lewis,  Capt.  Cole,  -  -  -  200 
Benjamin  Franklin,  Capt.  Sears,  -  -  500 
St.  Lawrence,  Capt.  Cyrus  Sturtivant,  -  800 
Mayflower,  Capt.  Elijah  Beal,  -  -  800 
Naushon,  Capt.  II.  W.  Freeman,     -        -         500 

John  Taylor, 200 

Morris,  Capt.  Walden,    -         -         -         -         150 
Hamilton,  Lieut.  Burroughs,  -         -         150 

These  figuies  indicate  the  number  of  tickets  originally 
issued  for  the  excursion.  Before  the  party  left  the  wharf, 
however,  the  number  was  probably  swelled  to  3500  or  4000. 
By  about  half-past  .'en  o'clock,  the  several  boats,  with  the 
exception  of  the  S.  S.  Lewis,  having  each  received  on  i.>oard 
the  guests  assigned  to  them,  moved  from  their  moorings  into 
the  open  harbor  to  await  the  arrival  and  embarkation  of  the 
President  at  East  Boston,  at  the  terminus  of  the  Grand  Junc- 
tion Railroad,  for  the  formal  opeiiing  of  which  road  on  this 
day,  in  the  presence  of  tl^  Chief  Magistrate  of  the  Nation, 
apT)ropriate  pr  'parations  had  been  made. 

1)1  the  meanwhile,  the  larger  portion  of  the  party  which 
was  to  eiirbirk  on  board  the  S.  S.  Lewis  had  assembled  at 


((    (( 


(<      u 


((     (( 


u     u 


((     II 


((       (C 


it     li 


arch, 


83 


the  ]Mayor  and  Aldermen's  room,  in  the  City  Hall.  At  a 
quarter  before  ten  o'clock,  his  Honor  the  Mayor, — escorted  by 
]Mr.  City  jMarshal  Francis  Tiikcy  and  his  Aids,  all  mounted, — 
proceeded,  in  a  baronche,  from  the  City  Hall  to  the  Revere 
Ifouse,  and  there  received  the  President  and  Messrs.  Conrad 
and  Stewart.  Francis  Brinley,  Es(|.,  in  another  barouche, 
received  the  Hon.  Mr.  Crampton,  Charge  d' Affaires  of  Great 
Britain  at  Washington,  and  the  Hon.  Francis  Hincks  and 
tlie  Hon.  William  Young,  of  Canada.  Other  carriages,  con- 
taining Governor  IJoutwell  and  Suite,  Mr.  ^Marshal  Devens, 
and  distinguished  visitors  from  the  Canadas,  followed,  and  all 
successively  proceeded  to  the  depot  of  the  Boston  and  Maine 
Railroad.  The  remainder  of  the  party,  destined  for  the  S.  S. 
Lewis,  took  carriages  at  the  City  Hall  and  proceeded  directly 
to  the  depot,  accompanied  by  members  of  the  Board  of  Alder- 
men and  Common  Council.  A  train  of  five  long  cars,  drawn 
by  the  engine  "  Essex,"  and  handsomely  decorated  for  the 
occasion,  was  in  readiness  to  receive  the  party  on  its  arrival. 

As  soon  as  all  were  seated  and  everything  ready,  the 
word  was  given,  and  amid  the  cheering  of  the  crowd  the 
cars  started  for  East  Boston,  via  the  Grand  Junction  Railroad. 
The  train  left  the  depot  at  five  minutes  past  eleven  o'clock, 
and  arrived  on  the  depot  grounds  of  the  company  at  twenty- 
live  miiRites  past  eleven.  Upon  the  entrance  of  the  cais 
on  the  track  of  the  new  road,  the  j)arty  was  greeted  l^v  a 
grand  salute,  fired  by  the  citizens  of  Maiden,  and,  whet  !ie 
train  crossed  the  line  between  Chelsea  and  East  Bostoi  wo 
cannons  pealed  forth  their  thunder  tones  in  nuick  succ  ooion. 
Just  upon  the  line  across  the  track  was  erected  a  hat  '-ome 
arch,  decorated  with  evergreens  and  llowers,  and  bca  ,g  on 
the  front  the  inscription, — 

Boston  anu  the  Canadas,  united  by  bonds  of   iron. 

And  on  the  reverse, — 

"  Union  is  Strength." 

At  the  head  of  the  pier,  upon  whic>i  the  train  stopped,  was 
a  similar  arch,  bearing  the  following  inscription  : 

Grand  Junction  Raii-road,  Unite  all.  Serve  all. 


k   II 

III 


i 

i 

/■  i|r 

1 

5  f^ 

84 


And  on  the  reverse, — 


Liverpool,  Boston,  and  the  Canadas. 

TIk^  arclics  were  got  up  in  good  taste,  and  added  greatly 
to  the  still  life  of  tlie  picture. 

As  the  train  reached  the  pier, — the  terminus  of  the  road, — 
a  national  salute  was  fired  from  the  wharf  of  the  Cunard 
Steamship  Company.  From  the  cars  the  party  proceeded  to 
the  new  ferry-boat  of  the  Eastern  Railroad  Company,  on  the 
deck  of  which  was  stationed  the  Boston  Brass  Band,  playing 
the  time,  "  Hail  Columbia,"  and,  amidst  the  roar  of  artillery 
and  the  cheers  of  the  rejoicing  multitudes  lining  not  only  tlie 
wharves,  on  the  East  Boston  side,  but  all  the  wharves  and 
the  shippmg  in  Boston  proper  from  which  a  view  of  the  en- 
livening scene  could  be  obtained,  the  President  and  those 
who  accompanied  him,  were  conveyed  on  board  the  S.  S. 
Lewis,  which,  bearing  the  English  Hag  at  her  fore,  and  the 
Union  Jack  at  her  mast-head,  and  with  the  Stars  and  Stripes 
floating  from  her  mizon,  v/as  impatiently  riding  at  anchor  in 
the  stream. 

The  party  was  soon  transferred  to  her  decks,  the  anchor 
was  hove  up,  and  the  noble  ship  moved  majestically  down  the 
harbor,  preceded  by  the  cutters  "  Hamilton  "  and  "  Morris  " 
as  her  e<^cort,  and  followed  by  the  Benjamin  Franklin,  the 
St.  Lawrence,  and  the  other  boats  in  succession. 

As  the  cutters,  towed,  one  on  each  side,  by  the  John  Tay- 
lor, passed  by  the  President's  ship  to  take  their  places  in  the 
van,  they  fired  a  national  salute  of  twenty-one  guns. 

And  now  the  whole  pageant  was  moving  gracefully  and 
gaily  down  the  animi,ted  harbor,  whose  waters,  hardly  rufHed 
by  the  soft  air,  were  gli(<^uring  in  the  sn>.,  and  on  either  shore 
the  thousands  of  deligl  '.ed  spectators  were  giving  vent  to 
their  enthusiasm  in  oft  repeated  cheers  which,  miiigled  with 
the  gladsome  roar  of  artillery,  added  the  last  and  perhaps 
not  the  least  effective  element  to  the  sympathetic  enthusiasm 
of  the  hour. 

The  President  was  accompanied  on  board  the  steamer  by 
the  gentlemen  who  came  with  him  from  Washinston.     Gov- 


a  :       I 


85 


ernor  Routwell  was  attended  by  his  Aids,  Lt.  Cols.  Cliapman, 
Williams  and  Necdliam,  and  also  by  Adjutant  (ieneral  Stone. 
The  Mayor  did  not  go  on  board  the  ship,  but  returned  to  the 
city  proper,  to  be  in  readiness  to  attend  to  other  crticsts  who 
were  expected  in  the  course  of  the  day. 

Among  the  other  distinguished  stranaers  on  board  the  S.  S. 
Lewif,  were  the  Hon.  Mr.  Crampton,  the  Hon.  Francis 
Hincks,  the  Hon.  Joseph  Howe,  the  Hon.  William  ^'onng, 
Speaker  of  the  House  of  Assembly  of  jNova  Scotia;  (Jol. 
Gugy,  of  Montreal,  a  member  of  the  Provincial  Parliament  ; 
Col.  Home,  Capt.  Nye,  20th  Reg.,  Capt.  Stevens,  R.  N., 
Lieut.  TJutler  and  Mr.  Parkinson,  of  the  20th  Regiment,  R.  vV.  ; 
Capt.  Keene  and  Lieut.  Noble,  from  Toronto,  of  the  Royal 
Corps  of  Engineers;  Capt.  Sweedenham,  and  Mr.  Thompson, 
of  the  54th  Regiment ;  and  Mr.  ILighes,  of  the  Quartermas- 
ter's Department,  from  U-uebec. 

Commodore  Downus,  the  commanding  otliccr  at  the 
Oharlestown  Navy  Yard,  the  venerable  Capt.  Pe..;u;  i,  of  the 
U.  S.  Navy,  Capt.  Tucker,  of  the  U.  S.  Army,  the  Hon. 
Amasa  Walker,  Secretary  of  the  Commonwealth  ;  the  Hon. 
John  H.  Clillbrd,  Attorney  General ;  ex-Lientenant-Governor 
Reed ;  Lieutenant  Governor  Cushman — all  the  Governor's 
Council  but  one  ;  Richard  Frothingham,  Jr.  Esq.,  the  Mayor 
of  Charlestown  ;  Judge  Pheljos,  of  Vermont,  ex-Senator 
of  the  United  States  ;  many  members  of  the  Senate  and 
House  of  Representatives  of  Massiichusetts  :  members  of  the 
City  Government,  and  persons  occupying  various  official  sta- 
tions, were  also  of  the  President's  party,  particijiating  in,  and 
contributing  to  the  enjoyment  of  the  occasion. 

Among  the  guests  on  board  the  propflJ-r  Benjamin  Frank- 
lin were  the  Hon.  N.  F.  Belleau,  Mayor  of  the  cif  v  of  Uiicbro, 
Messrs.  Councillors  Paradis,  Lepper,  Dorval  and  Lampson,  the 
Sheriii',  W.  S.  SeweU,  Esq.,  and  the  Clerk  of  that  city,  F.  .V. 
Garneau,  Es([.,  Capt.  Alleyiic,  o(  the  Royal  Navy,  jlessrs. 
Dunn,  Pemberton,  and  Patterson,  eminent  merchants,  and 
Joseph  Hamel,  Esq.,  Surveyor,  oi'  the  same  city;  (he  Hon. 
Messrs.  Scott,  Robinson  and  Holmes,  of  the  Provincial  l*ar- 
liament.  and  the  Hon.  Judge  Mondelet,  aiul  Messrs.  Larkin, 


86 


It 

■  k 


Molsoii,  uiul  Townsend,  of  .Montronl.  Tlio  Authorities  of  the 
Coniiiioiiweallh  and  of  the  City  of  nostoii  were  represented 
by  the  lion.  Henry  Wilson,  the  Hon.  Charles  Hudson,  Sur- 
veyor of  the  Port,  and  Col.  Ezra  Ijincoln  and  I3enjaniin 
Beat,  l']s(|.,  of  the  City  Council.  The  Hon.  Isaac  liivermore, 
of  Cambridge  ;  the  Rev,  Dr.  IJeecher,  and  his  son,  the  Rev. 
Edward  Heecher ;  the  Hon.  Leslie  Coombs,  of  Kentucky; 
the  Hon.  iMr.  Clark,  member  of  Congress,  from  New  York, 
and  many  other  distinguished  gentlemen,  were  also  present. 

On  board  the  St.  Lawrence  were  John  G.  Bowes,  \']s([., 
Mayor  of  Toronto,  Dr.  Nelson,  of  Montreal,  and  many  other 
Canadian  gentlemen,  whose  names  camiot  now  be  ascer- 
tained ;  Daniel  N.  Haskell,  Esq.,  of  the  City  Council,  several 
members  of  the  School  Board,  and  other  distinguished  citi- 
zens and  stranger^i. 

Among  the  guests  and  persons  of  distinction  on  board  the 
Maytlower,  were  Sir  A^Uan  N.  McNab,  the  Hon.  R.  Matheson, 
of  J'erth,  Canada  West ;  the  Rev.  J.  Jenkins,  of  Montreal ; 
J.  J.  Burrowes,  Es([.,  of  Kingston  ;  E.  P.  Campbell,  Es(|.,  of 
Argyleshire,  Scotland  ;  John  Counter,  Esq.,  ex- Mayor  of 
Kingston:  Capt.  Gildersleeve,  Charles  Hales,  Esq.,  and  An- 
thony Drummond,  Esq.,  Agent  of  the  Montreal  Bank,  of 
Kingston  ;  and  ]Mr.  George  Debarats,  of  Montreal,  Q,ueen's 
Printer.  From  St.  Catharine,  Canada  West,  Rev.  R.  Shank- 
lin,  Thomas  Colton,  Estj.,  George  Kent,  Es(p,  Mr.  Tliomas 
Burns,  Messrs.  Thonns  R.  and  William  H.  Merritt,  Mr.  Wil- 
liam A.  Chisholm,  and  Mr.  Andrew  Horton.  From  Toronto — 
(ieorge  A.  Philpotts,  Esq.,  George  B.  Wells,  Esq.,  and  George 
Beatty,  Es(i.,  of  the  Council.  From  Hamilton — Messrs.  John 
O.  Hatt,  Thomas  Davidson,  E.  B.  Freeman,  and  E.  W. 
Brown  ;  and  the  Hon.  J,  C.  Park,  of  this  city  ;  Col.  J.  D. 
(jireenc,  and  Staff,  of  the  4th  Regiment,  Massachusetts  Infan- 
try ;  Lt.  Col.  Boyd,  of  the  1st,  and  Lt.  Col.  Abbott,  of  the 
third. 

The  staunch  little  steamer  Naushon  had  on  board  her  full 
share  of  distinguished  guests,  whose  names,  however,  have 
not  been  reported. 

The  parties  on  board  the  cutters  Morris  and  Hamilton,  and 


87 


s  of  the 
eseiited 
ill,  Sur- 
cnjaniin 
ermoro, 
he  Rev. 
ntucky ; 
*v  York, 
iresent. 

IS,    J'iS(l., 

ly  other 
e  ascer- 
,  several 
led  citi- 

oard  the 

^athesoii, 

[ontreal ; 

Es(i.,  of 

lay or   of 

and  An- 

Jauk,  of 

Q,ueen's 

Shank- 
Tlionias 
Mr.  Wil- 
orouto — 

(ieorge 
srs.  John 

E.  W. 
ol.  J.  1). 
ts  Iiil'aii- 
t,  of  the 


full 


lier 


er,  have 


hull,  and 


tiie  steamer  Jolin  Taylor,  which,  as  the  vessels  were  united 
together,  formed  in  reality  but  one,  ineluded  a  large  number 
of  guests  from  Halifax,  Montreal,  Toronto,  and  other  places 
in  Canada,  and  from  New  York  and  l^hiladelphia.  Among 
them  were  Mr.  Sherilf  Boston,  of  Montreal,  ]Mr.  U.  VV  (iilki- 
siin,  of  IJrantford,  Ca.  ;  Col.  Crittenden,  of  the  U.  K.  Army; 
Judge  Rice,  of  the  District  of  Augusta,  Me. ;  Col.  Cowdin,of 
the  Regiment  of  Artillery  ;  Lieut,  lledden,  of  tlie  New  York 
City  Guards;  and  Col.  N.  A.  Thompson,  and  Lieuts.  Pulsifer 
and  French,  of  the  Boston  City  Guards. 

As  the  llotiila  moved  slowly  down  the  harbor,  the  attention 
of  all  on  board  was  attracted  by  the  various  objects  of  inter- 
est with  which  it  abounds. 

On  jjassing  Fort  Independence,  the  party  on  board  the  S. 
S.  Lewis  was  greeted  with  a  national  salute. 

It  had  been  the  original  intention  to  carry  the  President  as 
far  as  Minot's  Ledge,  in  order  to  give  him  an  op[)ortunity  to 
witness  the  scene  of  the  late  melancholy  disaster  ;  but  owing 
to  his  other  engagements,  it  became  necessary  to  return  at  an 
earlier  hour,  and  at  a  short  distance  this  side  of  the  lower 
Light  the  Lewis  put  about  to  return.  At  this  moment  the 
other  steamers,  crowded  with  passengers,  passed  close  by  her, 
dipped  their  ensigns,  and  saluted  the  President  with  loud  and 
repeated  cheers,  Avhich  were  returned  with  e(|ual  heartiness 
from  the  Lewis,  and  all  then  came  up  the  harbor. 

During  the  excursion,  the  President,  accompanied  by  Capt. 
Cole,  inspected  every  part  of  the  Lewis,  and  expressed  his 
admiration  of  the  numerous  improvements  which  have  been 
introduced  into  this  model  of  a  vessel.  Every  one  on  board 
was  struck  with  the  facility  and  steadiness  with  which  she 
moved  tlu'ough  the  water. 

It  is  worthy  of  comment,  and  of  the  highest  praise,  con- 
sidering the  few  hours  her  officers  and  agents  had  had  for 
preparation,  that  every  thir.g  belonging  to  her  was  in  such 
admirable  order,  and  that  all  the  arrangements  for  the  fete 
were  so  complete  and  satisfactory. 

As  she  drew  near  the  city,  the  company  were  invited  to 
partake  of  an  elegant  banquet  which  had  been  spread  in  the 


f 


1^ 


SI 


-1  -i 


68 


spacious  cabin.  Pnuicis  Brinley,  J'!s(|.  presided,  in  the  al>- 
sence  of  tlio  Mayor,  and  announced  the  Ibllownig  toa&i, 
which  was  n-ceived  with  onthiisiasin  : 

'•  The  President  of  tlie  United  States." 

As  it  was  understood  that  tjiere  were  to  bo  no  speeches  f)n 
the  occasion,  the  President  only  bowed  in  acknowledgment 
of*  t!ie  cheers  given  by  the  company. 

The  Hon.  J.  H.  Olilford,  Attorney  (rcneral,  then  gave, — 

"  Jler  Majesty,  the  (-luceii." 

Benjamin  T.  llccd,  Es([,,  proposed  the  health  of — 
"His  Excellency,  the  Governor  of  the  Commonwealth." 
The  Hon.  George  liunt,  United  States  District  Attorney, 
proposed, 

"  Tlie  members  of  the  Cabinet  accompanying  the  President." 
Each  toast  was  received  with  three  liearty  cheers. 
Immediately  after  dinner,  the  President  and  Suite  landed  at 
the  Navy  Yard,  accompanied  by  Connnodore  Downes,  and 
were  received  with  a  national  salute  from  the  heavy  battery  of 
the  yard.  The  corps  of  Marines,  under  Capt.  Pope,  were  drawn 
up  to  receive  him,  and  presented  arms  as  he  passed.  The 
President  and  the  guests,  who  left  the  Lewis  at  Charlestown, 
then  entered  the  carriages  in  attendance,  and,  after  being 
driven  round  Bunker  Hill  Monument  Si^uare,  proceeded  to 
Boston,  and  alighted  at  the  Revere  House.* 

Entertainments  had  been  also  provided  for  the  companies 
on  board  the  other  boats,  to  which  ample  justice  was  done. 
The  crowd  on  board  the  Benjamin  Franklin  was  so  great  that 
anything  in  the  way  of  ceremony  was  impossible,  but  still 
every  one  appeared  to  be  greatly  pleased  with  the  trip. 

In  the  cabin  of  the  St.  Lawrence  a  long  and  well  furnished 
table  was  spread,  to  which  the  strangers  were  first  invited,  as 
the  number  on  board  was  far  too  large  to  be  accommodated 
at  once.  After  the  company  had  again  assembled  on  deck, 
addresses  were  made  by  Mr,  jMayor  Bowes,  of  Toronto,  Dr. 

*  After  the  President  left  them,  tlic  company  on  l>ortr(l  the  S.  S.  Lewis  aj^^ain  sut 
dov.  ii  at  the  dinner  tal)lo,  under  tlic  auspices  of  H.  J.  Gardner,  Esq.,  of  the  Council, 
and  made  and  heard  several  very  eloquent  and  agreeable  speeches,  of  which  it  ia 
much  rej;rctted  that  no  rcpoit  ha?  been  preserved. 


89 


he  al>- 
toasl, 


;lies  on 
JgniLMit 


vc, 


illh." 
Ltornuy, 

sident."' 

ludod  at 
les,  and 
ittery  of 
e  drawn 
1.  Tlio 
estown, 
r  being 
eded  to 


mpanies 
as  done, 
eat  that 
3Ut  still 
1. 

irnished 
vited,as 
nodated 
)n  deck, 
nto,  Dr. 

Is  iv^am  sat 
;ie  Council, 
which  it  13 


Nelson,  of  Canada,  and  Danii'l  \.  Haskell,  Ks(|.,  ot' the  City 
Council,  the  last  of  whom,  at  ♦'  »ncliisi()ii  o\'  his  remarks, 
iiitnulnecd  Samuel  \.  Walker,  Jisq.,  to  the  company.  Mr. 
Walker  made  a  lunnoroiis  and  diverting  speech,  and  sau!^  an 
amusing  song,  in  which  ho  ingeniously  introduced  the  names 
of  the  Mayor  and  Aldermen  and  nifnihers  of  the  Common 
C>iinicil.  On  landing  at  the  wliarl',  the  citizens  lormed  them- 
selves into  a  procession,  and  escorted  their  guests  to  Court 
square,  where,  after  three  hearty  cheers,  the  party  separated. 

Several  happy  speeches  were  made,  and  i)atriotic  senti- 
ments oll'ered,  on  hoard  the  steamer  Mayllower,  and  the  les- 
tivities  were  eidivened  by  the  music  of  McDonald's  fine 
Cornet  Band.  On  the  return  of  the  party,  the  New  Eng- 
liuiders  escorted  the  Canadians  to  their  hotels,  and,  on  arriv- 
ing at  the  Revere  IIoujc,  cheers  were  proposed  and  most 
heartily  given,  for  the  passengers  of  the  Maytlower  in  IG'iO, 
and  the  passengers  of  the  Mayllower  in  1S51. 

The  steamer  Naushon,  though  small,  bore  well  her  part  in 
the  maritime;  exercises  of  the  day,  and  gave  great  satisfac- 
tion to  all  on  board.  "When  nearing  the  whart,  on  the  return, 
her  passengers  wrote  and  signed  a  complimentary  letter  to 
her  commander,  Capt.  H.  W.  Freeman,  expressing  their  sense 
of  his  CHurteous  demeanor  during  the  excursion. 

The  Revenue  Cutters,  Morris,  Capt.  Walden,  and  Hamilton, 
ijicut.  Bmroughs,  commanding,  were  gaily  and  ap[)ropriately 
decorated  with  ilags  and  i)ennants  llying  from  each  mast. 

Upon  the  fore-yards  of  the  Morris,  on  either  side,  were  two 
beautil'ul  Hags  of  the  Spanish  and  Dutch  nations.  At  the 
summit  of  the  maimiiast  floated  the  revenue  dag.  Between 
the  maiimiast  and  the  foremast,  extending  from  the  to[)  to  the 
deck,  were  various  signals,  and  the  Stars  and  Stripes  doated 
from  her  gall'.  On  board,  the  company  wore  entertained  with 
a  sumj)tuous  collation  :  sentiments  were  oliered,  songs  sung, 
and  the  hilarity  and  mutual  good  feeling  of  all  found,  in  other 
ways,  also,  suitable  expression. 

On  board  the  Hamilton,  speeches  were  made  by  Col. 
Thompson  and  jMr.  Dunham  of  the  Common  Council,  which 


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90 


were  very  handsomely  responded  to  by  Mr.  Sheriflf  Boston,  of 
Montreal,  and  A.  (iilkison,  Esij.,  of  IJrantford,  Canada. 

The  beautiful  and  uni(iue  appearance  of  the  Cutters  as  they 
moved  throngh  the  waters,  one  on  each  side  of  their  peace- 
ful companion, — half  concealed  by  the  smoke  of  their  own 
cannon,  which  at  short  intervals  pealed  forth  a  gladsome  sa- 
lute,— contributed  as  much  to  heighten  the  general  etlect  of  the 
scene,  as  the  courteous  attentions  of  their  commanders  added 
to  the  comfort  and  enjoyment  of  those  who  were  assigned  to 
their  care. 

Thus  terminated  the  aquatic  portion  of  the  pageant,  which, 
for  its  novelty,  the  beautiful  appearance  it  presented,  the  en- 
thusiasm with  which  it  was  entered  into,  and  the  delightful 
feelings,  which  it  gave  to  all  who  participated  in  it,  only 
needed  the  additional  observance,  alluded  to  by  the  Mayor,  of 
dropping  a  "golden  ring"  into  the  sea,  as  a  token  of  the 
happy  union,  which  had  now  been  consunmiated  between  the 
waters  of  the  Atlantic  and  the  rivers  and  lakes  of  Canada  and 
the  West,  to  recall  to  mind  the  gorgeous  Venetian  ceremony 
of  wedding  the  City  to  the  waves  of  the  Adriatic. 

Amongst  the  various  schemes  which  had  been  devised  to 
give  interest  to  the  excursion,  was  a  Regatta  off  Point  Alder- 
ton,  at  Hull,  which  had  been  intended  to  take  place  on  the 
approach  of  the  lleet.  As  the  President's  arrangements  did 
not  allow  of  his  going  that  distance,  and  spending  the  time 
which  a  view  of  the  race  would  have  required,  the  Regatta 
was  witnessed  by  a  smaller  number  of  spectators  than  had 
been  anticipated.  But  notwithstanding  this  disappointment, 
the  parties  who  were  present  at  the  trial  of  skill  highly  en- 
joyed the  exhibition. 

The  morning  did  not  promise  much,  as  there  was  no  wind  ; 
but  by  the  time  of  starting,  there  was  a  fine  breeze  from  the 
south  east.  The  judges'  boat,  the  yacht  Raven,  proceeded 
down  the  harbor  at  about  ten  o'clock,  in  tow  of  the  steamer 
Hornet.  She  arrived  S.  E.  of  the  Graves  before  eleven,  and 
was  anchored  at  the  appointed  place. 

She  was  suitably  decorated  for  the  occasion.  From  the 
jib  stay  was  suspended  the  Union  Jack,  at  the  fore  topmast 


91 


5  tons. 
5    " 
8 
9 


(( 


head  the  British  ensign,  and  below  the  flag  of  Denmark,  the 
yacht's  signal ;  at  the  main,  the  American  Union  Jack,  pure 
white  ground  with  a  crimson  star  ;  below  the  llag  of  France, 
and  at  the  topping-lift,  the  American  ensign. 

The  judges  were,  Benjamin  C.  Clark,  and  Geo.  B.  Upton, 
Esqs.,  and  Capt.  Matthew  Hunt. 

After  the  arrival  of  the  Raven  at  the  scene  of  operations, 
the  steamer  was  despatched  to  the  harbor  to  bring  down  the 
yachts,  which  intended  to  enter. 

At  12  M.,  the  signal  gun  was  fired  from  the  Raven,  and 
soon  after,  the  boats,  for  the  first  race,  formed  in  line. 

There  were  four  competitors  for  the  first  race — all  boats 
belonging  to  Hull,  viz.  : — 

Odd  Fellow, 

Gift,  

Susan,  --__-- 

Charade,        -_--__ 
The  signal  gun  was  fired  at  2h.  19m.,  and  the  boats  went  off 
ill  fine  style.    The  station  boat  was  placed  about  four  miles  to 
the  n.  E.  of  the  Graves ;  the  boats  all  rounded  her,  and  came 
back  in  the  following  order  by  the  judges'  boat  : — 

The  Gift,  in         .         -         -        -         5Gi  minutes. 
"    Charade,      -         -        -        -         57^-       " 
"    Susan,         .        -         -         -         61         " 
"    Odd  Fellow,         -        .         .         06         " 
The  boats  were  allowed  30  seconds  a  ton,  for  difference  of 
tonnage  ;  though  after  making  this  allowance,  they  took  the 
prizes  in  the  order  of  their  coming  in. 

It  will  be  seen  that  they  made  excellent  time,  the  distance 
sailed,  being  about  eight  miles. 

The  prizes  fell  into  good  and  grateful  hands.  The  Gift  (a 
very  pretty  boat)  won  the  President's  Goblet.  In  presenting 
it,  the  judge  said,  "  Capt.  Cobb,  you  are  already  the  possessor 
of  one  beautiful  Gift — the  city  of  Boston  makes  you  the 
owner  of  another." 

The  Charade  took  the  second  prize,  an  elegant  spy-glass — 
being  the  second  she  has  won  lately.  The  judge  said,  "Cap- 
tain, you  have  already  taken  one  glass — the  city  of  Boston 


9-2 


tenders  yon  another.     It  is  not  often  she  give  lier  friends  a 
glass  too  much." 

The  Snsan,  a  modest  looking  little  boat,  took  the  third 
pi'ze,  a  highly  fuiished  brass  compass.  The  jndge,  in  jiassiiig 
it  over,  said,  "Captain,  yon  have  worked  hard  and  skilfully 
to  win  a  prize,  and  have  coiPASS-ed  your  wishes." 

In  the  meantime,  as  soon  as  the  small  boats  had  left,  the 
large  ones  were  immediately  formed  in  line ;  the  bay,  at  this 
time,  was  literally  covered  with  boats  of  every  description  ;  the 
steamer  Hornet  arrived  with  five  or  six  yachts  in  tow,  nearly 
all  of  which  at  once  entered  :  there  were  many  other  large 
boats  plying  around,  which  did  not  enter  ;  among  others  wc 
noticed  the  beautiful  Coquette,  the  Hornet,  Witch,  Gazelle, 
Grace,  Rattler,  Alida.  Bride  of  the  Eillow,  Mary,  and  Minna. 

The  signal  gun  was  fired  at  thirteen  minutes  past  three. 
The  breeze  had  now  freshened,  and  gave  promise  of  a  fine 
race.  Precisely  at  the  moment,  the  following  yachts  start- 
ed : — 

Neptime,  10  tons,  of  Marblehead,  Capt.  Gregory. 


Edward  Eddy, 

12  " 

Salem, 

(( 

Smith. 

Excelsior, 

10  " 

(( 

(C 

Wallis. 

Triumph, 

20  «• 

Hingham, 

<( 

Souther. 

Cygnet, 

31  " 

Boston, 

(( 

Healey. 

Pearl, 

32  " 

Salem, 

« 

Martin. 

Quarantine, 

43  " 

Boston, 

(( 

Berry. 

Flirt, 

43  " 

Boston, 

(t 

Maiming 

Mystery, 

46  " 

Salem, 

a 

Perkins. 

Surprise, 

.53  " 

Boston, 

(( 

Thayer. 

The  race  was  from  the  judges'  boat,  outside  the  Graves, 
round  Egg  Rock,  back  to  the  place  of  stalling.  The  wind 
thus  made  it  a  dead  beat  back  from  Nahant.  The  Nejitune 
started  in  beautiful  style,  and  rounded  Egg  Rock  among  the 
first ;  but  in  beating  back  the  larger  boats  showed  their  supe- 
rior qualities  on  a  wind.  The  judges'  boat  was  rounded  in 
the  following  order  : — 

Quarantine,     -        -         -        -        -        2h.  01m. 

Flirt, 2h.  02m. 

Cygnet, 2h.  03m, 

Pearl, 2h.  05m. 


93 


Mystery, 2h.  orm. 

Excelsior, 'ih.   11m. 

■\c])tiinc, 2h.  17m. 

Triumph, 2li.  20m. 

Ill  about  ten  minutes  after  the  arrival  ol'  the  last  boat,  the 
prizes  were  awarded  by  13.  C.  Clark,  Esq.,  the  Chairman  ot' 
the  Committee,  as  Ibllows  : — 

The  "President's  Pitcher,"  (value  ij;100,)  to  the  Cygnet. 
The  second  prize,  "  a  spy-glass,"  (value  $20,)  to  the  Excelsior, 
and  the  third,  "a  sot  of  colors,"  to  the  Pearl. 

Tlie  witniers  aj)pear'-J  to  value  the  ])rizcs  highly,  not  on 
account  of  their  intrinsic  value,  but  as  tokens  of  attention  and 
regard  from  the  city  of  Boston. 

Thus  ended  one  of  the  most  beautiful  and  exciting  regat- 
tas ever  witnessed  in  Massachusetts  Bay.  The  skill,  evinced 
in  getting  up  the  exhibition,  was  only  equalled  by  the  perfect 
harmony  and  good  feeling  which  marked  its  progress  and  its 
close. 

The  scene  was  lovely  in  the  extreme  ;  the  sun  was  shine- 
ing  in  an  unclouded  sky,  and  the  waters  of  our  beautiful  bay 
sparkled  and  danced  in  his  beams,  as  if  rejoicing  to  add  their 
abounding  share  to  the  attractiveness  of  the  scene.  The 
whole  harbor  was  dotted  witli  vessels,  which  were  adorned 
with  gay  flags,  and  filled  with  persons  who,  overflowing  with 
the  spirit  of  enjoyment,  continually  gave  and  received  vocif- 
erous cheers  and  friendly  salutations  as  the  vessels  passed 
and  repassed  each  other. 


In  the  afternoon,  the  expectation  of  the  arrival  of  Lord 
Elgin,  the  Governor  General  of  British  North  America,  drew 
a  great  concourse  of  spectators  to  the  Western  Railroad  de- 
pot, eager  to  see  and  welcome  him.  The  Mayor,  attended  by 
several  members  of  the  City  Government,  was  on  the  spot  to 
receive  the  distinguished  guest.  At  a  quarter  past  five  o'clock, 
the  train,  bearing  his  Lordship  and  Suite,  arrived.  The  mul- 
titude welcomed  him  with  hearty  cheering  as  he  stepped  from 
the  cars  and  sto  jd  upon  the  platform  in  the  wide  space,  in  the 
open  air,  to  the  south  of  the  depot.     Mr.  Mayor  Bigelow  then 


il  :i 


■fi' 


r;:;i 


'tip 

urn 


94 


tendered  to  him  a  public  Avelcome,  and  the  hospitalities  of 
the  City,  ill  the  following  address  : — 

YOUII  EXCELLEXCV  : — 

In  tlio  name  of  my  follow  citizens,  I  welcome  you  to  the  nie- 
tropolis  of  New  Kn^land.  We  recognise  you,  not  only  as  tiie 
vuK'i-  of  extensive  and  important  provinces,  but  as  the  principal 
rcpi'esontative,  on  this  continent,  of  the  venerated  land  of  oui-  an- 
cestors. It  is  told  of  ISamoset,  the  Indian  Chief,  that  his  first 
.salutation  to  the  Pil'frinis  at  Plymouth,  was  "  welcome,  welcome, 
En;^lishmcn."  Such  was  the  grcetinj:;  of  the  old  warrior  to  those, 
who  wore  to  invade  the  hunting-grounds  and  extinguish  the  coun- 
cil fires  of  his  race.  With  a  better  augury  for  the  future,  it 
becomes  nio  on  this  occasion,  to  repeat  that  salutation,  and  say, 
"  welcome  Englishmen  and  their  fellow  subjects,"  who  come  to  us 
under  circumstances  so  auspicious  for  our  own  and  their  ])rob- 
perity. 

There  is  a  special  interest  connected  with  your  Excellency's 
visit  at  this  time,  gracing,  as  it  does,  with  your  presence,  the  es- 
tablisliment  of  a  social  and  commercial  alliance  ])etween  this  city 
and  the  Canadas.  Lines  of  intercommunication  have  been  open- 
ed, by  which  the  products  of  your  provinces  may  find  speedy  and 
convenient  transit  to  the  sea.  The  railways,  which  unite  us,  arc 
works  more  trulv  admirable  than  the  wondrous  avenues  whicli 
radiated  from  Imperial  Rome — avenues  for  facilitating  tlie  march 
of  invading  armies,  or  the  return  of  triumphal  chariots  laden 
with  the  spoils  of  desolated  countries.  Our  own  iron  pathways, 
the  result  of  scientific  labor  and  skill  unequalled  by  ancient  times, 
are  devoted  to  far  different  objects.  They  unite  in  friendly  rela- 
tions the  inhabitants  of  Avidely  separated  regions — minister  to 
their  mutual  wants — diffuse  abroad  the  means  of  knowledge — 
"  and  scatter  plenty  through  a  smiling  land." 

Our  festival  may  be  considered,  in  some  sort,  as  the  celebration 
of  a  conjugal  union  between  Canada  and  the  Ocean.  We  can  dis- 
pense Avith  the  golden  ring,  which  was  used  in  the  espousals  of  Ve- 
nice with  the  waters  of  the  Adriatic  ;  for  this  union  is  effected  by 
bands  of  iron,  which  at  once  attest  its  perpetuity  and  strength. 
My  Lord,  the  more  intimate  connection,  which  hereafter  is  to  sub- 
sist between  the  people  whom  you  govern  and  the  Atlantic  states, 
is  perhaps,  in  i.  small  degree,  a  pledge  and  a  guaranty  of  per- 
petual amity  between  the  British  and  American  nations.  The 
memory  of  their  fratricidal  conflicts  is  fading  away,  and  the  history 
thereof,  I  trust,  is  completed  forever.  The  record  of  their  gen- 
erous I'ivalry,  for  ])rc-eminence  in  the  arts  of  peace,  is  now  opening, 
and  is  destined  to  exhibit  the  brightest  pages  in  the  aimals  of  their 
common  race.     Such,  I  am  confident,  are  the  anticipations  and 


95 


lities  of 


I  tlic  iiie- 
>y  as  ilio 
pvincii)al 
f  our  an- 
t  his  first 
-svelcomo, 
to  tliose, 
the  coun- 
futurc,  it 
and  say, 

omc  to  us 
iciv  prob- 

cellency'd 
;c,  the  es- 

II  this  city 
►ccn  open- 
pecdy  and 
ite  us,  are 
uos  -which 
tlie  march 
iots  Kideu 
path-vvays, 
ent  times, 
ndly  rehi- 
inister  to 
)Avledgc — 

[elebration 
le  can  dis- 
lals  of  Vc- 
Iffected  by 
strength, 
is  to  sub- 
[tic  states, 
ty  of  per- 
ms.    The 
|he  history 
their  gen- 
opening, 
lis  of  their 
Ltions  and 


liopes  of  the  people  for  whom  I  speak,  and  thoy  enhance  tlio 
jiloasuro  with  which  they  sahite  you  as  their  wek'onie  and  honored 
'iucst.  [The  aihlress  of  the  Mavor  was  soc«mdod  bv  the  cnthusi- 
astic  cheers  of  the  multitude.] 

To  this  address  Lord  Elgin  made  the  following  reply : — 

]\rn.  Mayor  and  ({extlemkn'  : — 

I  am  (luite  overcome  by  tb-s  kind  and  cordial  reception  ;  but, 
flontlemen,  \  have  been  travelling  all  day,  and  my  tbroat  is  so 
full  of  dust  that  you  will  excuse  me  if  do  not  attempt  to  follow  the 
Mayor  in  his  most  elo(|uent  address. 

]]ut  there  is  one  thing  he  has  said,  Avhich  I  cannot  allow  to 
lia.<s  unnoticed.  lie  has  suggested  that  we  shovdd  consider  this 
celebration  the  ''conjugal  union  of  the  Canadas  with  the  Ocean.'' 
Whatever  may  be  my  object  in  coming  to  IJoston,  1  assm-e  you, 
Sir,  that  I  do  not  come  to  "  forbid  the  bans.''  [Hear,  hear,  and 
cheers.] 

I  appreciate  most  highly  the  sentiment  of  personal  regard,  Avhich 
you  have  so  kindly  expressed  towards  me  ;  and  still  more  highly 
do  I  appreciate  the  assurances  you  have  given  me  of  your  respect 
and  consideration  for  my  t^overeign  and  my  Country,  and  ior  that 
great  rising  Canadian  i)eoi)le,  upon  whose  i)rosperity  and  welfare 
ray  hopes  and  my  feelings  and  my  wishes  are  all  centred. 

Gentlemen  :  1  come  here  upon  the  hos[»itable  invitation  of  the 
city  of  ]>oston,  but  prompted  also — I  nmst  confess  it — hy  the  de- 
sire to  show  bv  this  act  of  mine  rather  than  l)y  mere  words, — 
because  1  know  that  this  mode  of  expression  is  the  more  emphatic 
and  more  intelli;iible  of  the  two — to  show  bv  this  act,  my  eunvic- 
tion  that  it  becomes  us,  Amoncans  and]jrit(nis — I  jait  the  Ameri- 
cans first, — [hear,  hear,  hear,] — Americans  and  Britons, — de- 
scended as  we  are  from  the  same  stock,  iidieritors  of  the  same 
traditions,  and,  unless  I  grievously  misconstrue  the  signs  of  the 
times,  with  duties  and  responsibilities,  as  resjiccts  the  fntui-e,  not 
widely  dissimilar, — to  bo  refidy  at  all  times,  and  all  places,  and  more 
especially  at  this  time,  and  upon  this  soil  of  2sorth  America,  to 
cultivate  toAvard  eacli  other  feelings  of  brotherly  love  and  mutual 
friendship.  These  are  my  feelings,  and  I  therefore  gladly  accept 
your  proffered  kindness.     [Cheers.] 

Lord  Elgin  then  took  a  seat  in  an  open  barouche,  wjfli  the 
Mayor,  and,  together  with  his  Suite  in  other  carriages,  was 
escorted  by  the  Independent  Cadets,  (the  Governor's  Guard,)  to 
the  Revere  House.  The  cortege  passed  through  Liuccln, 
Summer,  Winter,  Tremont,  and  Court  streets,  and  Lord  Elgin 
was  frequently  cheered  as  he   passed  by  the  multitudes,  who 


I 


I  i- 


Hit! 


im 


M'^m 


Of) 


lii  cd  th(!  streets.     Notliing  could  be  more  rcspcctlnl,  nt  otico, 
ancl  cordiiil  than  liis  rccoplioii. 

'I'lie  iiihaljil.iiits  of  nostou  are  led  both  by  instinct  and 
education  to  tirat  any  strjuiger  with  courtesy,  fuiyi^nest  witli 
kindly  hospitality,  and, — in  spite  of  an  ancient  lend  or  two, 
remembered  every  day  with  less  u(  acrimony,  and  more  (»f 
the  sentiment  of  half-all'ectionate  respect  for  the  gallant  an- 
tagonist,— every  Briton  as  a  brother.  It  is  most  agreeable,  to 
every  true-hearted  American,  to  watch  the  rapid  and  ever 
onward  pr(»cess  of  "re-annexation  ''  in  mind  and  heart,  which 
is  going  on  between  this  country  and  her  political  and  ititel- 
lectual  mother,  and  natural  and  almost  necessary  ally.  It 
would  be  invidious  at  j)rescnt  to  particularise  the  statesmen 
of  our  own  country,  to  whom  we  are  in  a  large  measure  in- 
debted for  the  public  manifestation  of  this  universal  feeling, 
but  it  is  not  improper,  it  is  in  fact  a  duty,  to  say,  that  to  such 
eminent  men  of  (jireat  Britain  as  Sir  Henry  Bulwer,  the  citi- 
zens of  Boston,  and,  we  believe,  the  people  of  the  United  States, 
as  Anglo-Saxons,  as  Christians,  and  as  men,  feel  themselves 
under  very  great  obligations.  That  gentleman's  *-bad 
speeches,"  as  he  alone  ventures  to  call  them,  not  only  rank 
with  the  best  of  their  class,  as  oratorical  performances,  but  ac- 
tually tend  more  powerfully  to  promote  a  kindly  union  among 
the  nations  of  men,  upon  the  basis  of  mutual  justice,  kindness 
and  forbearance,  than  the  more  elaborate  ellbrts  of  a  greater 
number  of  Peace  Congresses  than  has  yet  had  to  be  counted, 
though  the  propriety  and  utility  of  those  conventions  are  to 
be  estimateil  at  a  high  rate.  It  is  also  an  agreeable  duty  to 
assign  to  Lord  Elgin  his  honorable  place,  at  the  side  of  Sir 
Henry,  in  the  same  admirable  career.  Some  of  these  consid- 
erations doubtless  had  their  influence  in  the  minds  of  the 
assemblage  which  so  cordially  welcomed  his  Lordship.  And 
it  was  probably  remembered,  that  he  was  born  in  that  Scot- 
land, which  more  than  any  ether  country  resembles  our  own 
New  i^^iigland, — that  classic  land  of  our  childhood,  whose  Cov- 
enanters, the  true  cousins,  in  spirit  and  in  faith,  of  our  own 
'•  ])ersecuted  remnant "  of  Puritans,  are  almost  as  dear  to  our 
early  memories,  as  the  Pilgrims  themselves  ;  and,  despite  our 


97 


strong  disposition  to  recalcitrate  anainst  liereditary  honors,  it 
j)robabiy  was  not  altogether  forgotten,  that  he  is  a  represent- 
ative of  that  Uruce  of  Bannockbiuii,  Avhose  fame  is  part  of  our 
own  inheritance,  and  the  story  of  whose  life  is  interwoven 
with  our  first-impressed  recollections.  It  is  no  small  compli- 
ment to  his  Lordship,  to  say  that  the  crowd,  knowing  who  ho 
was  and  what  he  was,  were  not  disappointed  in  the  personal 
appearance  of  one  around  whom  so  many  associations  at  that 
moment  clustered.  Although  somewhat  under  the  middle 
height,  hisi  figure  is  portly  and  dignified.  He  resembles  in 
face  and  in  person  the  late  John  (iuincy  Adams,  though, — if 
tlic  expression  may  be  used, — projected  upon  a  bolder  scale. 
His  very  handsome  countenance  indicates  extraordinary  intel- 
lectual power,  refined  culture  and  habitual  command  over  other 
men,  at  once,  and  his  own  impassioned  nature ;  and  in  his 
eye  and  his  mouth  are  seen,  each  in  a  strongly  marked  degree, 
grave  and  earnest  thought,  the  consciousness  of  power,  and 
the  sense  of  great  responsibility,  all  struggling  with  almost 
irrepressible  humor,  half  comic,  half  sarcastic,  but  always 
racy  and  vigorous.  There  is  also  expressed  in  his  face  indom- 
itable courage,  and  anything  but  a  fondness  for  opposition. 
He  does  not  look  as  if  he  could  readily  bring  himself  to  yield 
to  anything  in  the  shape  of  opposing  force.  He  is  in  the 
prime  of  life,  (born  July  20th,  ISll,)  and  evidently  enjoys 
vigorous  health. 

His  bearing  was  in  the  highest  degree  frank,  courteous 
and  manly.  His  person  and  deportment,  obviously  struck 
the  people  most  favorably,  and  he  was  greeted  with  three 
enthusiastic  cheers  upon  alighting  at  the  Revere  House. 

He  was  at  once  ushered  into  the  gentlemen's  parlor,  and 
introduced  to  President  Fillmore,  by  Mr.  Mayor  Bigelow. 
The  meeting  of  the  President  of  the  United  States  and  the 
highest  officer  of  Great  Britain  in  North  America,  to  rejoice 
together  over  the  beneficent  triumphs  of  peace  and  the 
addition  of  new  facilities  to  the  friendly  mtercourse  of  the 
two  nations,  was  an  occasion  of  peculiar  interest  and  of  the 
happiest  augury. 

His  Lordship's  Suite,  consisting  of  his  brother,  Lieut.  Col. 


13 


1)8 


Tfi '~ 


'^it^  Fi 


Briico,  wlinsc  face  was  remarked  as  peculiarly  expressive  of 
refined  culture,  and  Lord  Mark  Kerr,  the  H<»n.  George  Waldo- 
frrave,  Sir  A.  N.  MacNal),  Solicitor  General  McDonald,  and 
Messrs.  Ilinclfs,  Drnmmond,  Tachc-  and  Price,  all  of  them 
men  of  very  gentlemanlike  bearing,  were  also  formally  intro- 
duced to  the  President  and  Messrs.  Conrad  and  Stuart,  hy 
Alderman  Rogers,  after  which  some  two  hours  were  passed 
in  the  presentation  of  citizens  who  desired  to  welcome  the 
Chiefs  of  two  contiguous  lands. 

At  a  later  period  in  the  evening,  Mr.  Webster  welcomed 
Lord  Elgin  and  his  Suite.  There  were  no  formal  speeches, 
but  a  simple,  cordial,  friendly  greeting. 

After  the  retirement  of  Lord  Elgin,  the  President  and 
Messrs.  Stuart  and  Conrad  were  introduced  to  all  the  Cana- 
dian gentlemen  by  Alderman  Rogers.  Subsequently,  the 
President  went  to  the  ladies'  parlor,  where  he  was  introduced 
to  a  large  number  of  ladies,  with  whom  he  passed  an  agreea- 
ble hour.  Dining  all  these  ceremonies  there  was  a  great 
crowd  of  jjuoplo  in  Bowdoin  Square,  and  when  the  fireworks 
were  displayed,  a  general  shout  of  approbation  resounded 
through  the  area. 

At  the  Tremont  House,  a  dinner  was  given  by  the  City 
Authorities  to  the  ofllcers  of  the  British  Army  then  in  Bos- 
ton, as  a  token  of  corciial  welcome.  The  Adjutant  General 
of  the  Commonwealth  and  other  principal  officers  of  the 
Massachusetts  Militia  were  present,  and  the  evening  was 
passed  in  the  interchange  of  expressions  of  mutual  respect. 
Numerous  other  entertainments  were  also  given,  at  public 
houses,  to  the  guests  of  the  city. 

In  the  evening,  the  Mayor  held  a  Levee  at  his  mansion, 
in  Temple  street,  at  which  were  President  Fillmore,  Lord 
Elgin  and  Suite,  the  Secretaries  of  War  and  the  hiterior, 
members  of  the  Canadian  Cabinet,  Judiciary  and  Parliament, 
oflicers  of  the  British  Army,  Gov.  Boutwell  and  other  princi- 
pal officers  of  the  State,  the  members  of  the  City  Govern- 
ment, and  a  large  number  of  eminent  citizens  of  various 
trades  and  professions.  Two  bands  of  music  were  in  attend- 
ance,— one  of  them  being  stationed  in  the  street,  to  salute 


!)!) 


llic  arrival  and  departure  of  distinguished  guests  in  an  appro- 
priate manner.  As  the  President  and  the  Govornor-(iencral 
were  successively  announced  by  *'  Hail  to  the  Chief,"  and 
"God  save  the  Uueen,"  the  dense  multitude  in  the  street  re- 
])eated  the  welcome  with  enthusiastic  cheers. 

Other  levees  were  given  by  Mrs.  Harrison  Gray  Otis,  in 
Mount  Vernon  street,  Philip  Greely,  Jr.,  Esc}.,  Collector  of 
the  Port,  in  McLean  street,  the  Hon.  Robert  C.  Winthrop,  in 
Pembcrton  square,  and  the  Hon.  Samuel  A.  Eliot,  in  Heacoii 
titrcct,  all  of  which  were  honored  Avith  the  presence  of  Pres- 
ident Fillmore  and  Suite,  and  Lord  Elgin  and  Suite. 

A  grand  Military  Uall  was  also  given  in  the  evening,  at 
Union  Hall ;  it  was  a  most  agreeable  gathering,  and  passed 
olf  with  great  eclat.  Among  the  distinguished  persons  pres- 
ent were  Lord  Elgin,  Sir  Allan  MoNab,  Gapt.  Lord  Mark 
Kerr,  Lieut.  Col.  the  Hon.  R.  Bruce,  Mr.  Solicitor  General 
McDonald,  Mr.  Solicitor  General  Drummond,  Mr.  Inspector 
Ucneral  Hincks,  the  Hon.  Mr.  Killaley,  the  Hon.  Mr.  Taclu'-, 
M.  P.  P.,  Col.  Fitzgerald,  Major  IJrooks,  Col.  Home,  the  Hon. 
Capt.  King,  R.  E.,  Mr.  Parkinson,  of  the  3d  Regiment, 
.hidge  McCord,  Col.  t  ugy,  Mr.  Sheriff  Thomas,  the  Hon. 
W.  H.  Boullon,  M.  P.  P.,  Capt.  Jones,  of  the  54th  Reg., 
Lieut.  Chisholm,  of  the  42d  Reg.  Highlanders,  in  the  splendid 
and  peculiar  uniform  of  the  corps,  Capt.  Stimpson,  of  the 
20th  Reg.,  Dr.  Chisholm,  of  the  Medical  Staff,  and  Messrs. 
Young,  McDonald,  Mills,  Cameron,  Ross,  Radcliffe,  Odell, 
Bourchette,  Merritt,  F.  Merritt,  Bell,  Philpotts,  McKenzic, 
Jones,  Hart,  Patrick,  and  others,  of  Canada. 

Among  other  distinguished  men  who  were  present,  were 
(iov.  Boutwell  and  Staff,  ex-Gov.  Paine,  of  Vermont,  the 
Hon,  N.  P.  Banks,  Jr.,  the  Hon.  Josiah  Q,uincy,  Jr.,  Major 
General  Edmands,  Col.  Sherman,  of  the  U.  S.  Flying  ArtiU 
lery,  Gen.  J.  S.  Tyler,  and  Francis  Brinley,  Esq. 

Many  ladies  from  Canada  also  lent  their  charms  to  grace 
the  festive  occasion. 

At  the  entrance  of  Lord  Elgin,  the  national  air  of  England 
was  played  by  the  Germania  Musical  Society. 


100 


The  Viceroy  was  introduced  to  many  of  our  citizens  in  tin; 
hall.  After  remaining  hail"  an  hour  he  retired,  expressing 
himself  as  much  ])leased  with  his  visit. 

The  ball  Avas  under  the  management  of  Gen.  S.  Andrews, 
Col.  R.  Cowdin,  and  Col.  C.  L.  Ilolbrook. 


I  ii  f 


At  the  Masonic  Temple,  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachu- 
setts entertained  their  Provincial  brethren  in  a  most  libernl 
manner.  A  large  number  of  distinguished  Masons  were 
present,  among  whom  were  Sir  Allan  McNab,  Judge  McCord, 
of  Uuebec,  and  William  Henry  Uoulton,  Esq.,  of  the  Provin- 
cial Parliament.  E.  A.  Raymond,  Worshipful  Grand  Master, 
of  Massachusetts,  presided,  and,  after  much  good  music,  the 
hospitalities  of  the  fraternity  were  extended  by  Rev.  George 
M.  Randall,  Deputy  Grand  Master,  in  a  neat  and  appropriate 
address,  which  was  replied  to  by  Sir  Allan  McNab,  Provincial 
Grand  Master  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Canada  West,  on  behalf 
of  his  brethren  present.  The  company  then  adjourned  to 
the  spacious  ante-room  adjoining  tlie  Lodge,  where  refresh- 
ments had  been  prepared. 

After  an  hour's  interchange  of  friendly  sentiment,  the  com- 
pany separated,  congratulating  each  other  on  the  great  event 
which  brought  them  together. 

In  the  afternoon,  the  City  Greys,  of  Bath,  Me.,  Capt.  E.  K. 
Harding,  were  received  at  the  Maine  Depot,  and  escorted  to 
South  Boston  by  the  Pulaski  Guards,  acconipanied  by  the 
Charlestown  Brass  Band. 

On  the  arrival  of  the  Company  at  the  draw  of  the  upper 
bridge,  a  salute  was  fired  by  a  detachment  of  the  Boston 
Artillery,  under  the  direction  of  Capt.  Thomas  H.  Evans. 

The  Greys  were  escorted  to  their  camp,  (in  the  rear  of  the 
Guards'  Armory,)  which  was  called  "Camp  Harding,"  in 
honor  of  their  Commander.  Supper  was  served  for  the  two 
companies  in  Lyceum  Hall.  At  eight  o'clock  in  the  evening 
there  was  a  Promenade  Concert  in  the  Armory,  after  which 
fireworks  were  let  oil"  from  the  camp-ground  under  the  direc- 
tion of  Mr.  William  Beals,  Pyrotechnist. 


101 


A  beautiful  exhibition  of  fireworks  was  Riven  in  the  eve- 
ning, in  front  of  the  Revere  House,  by  Mr.  Stevens,  the  |iro- 
j)riotor,  in  honor  of  President  Filhnoro  and  Lord  liigin. 
Uesides  the  usual  display  of  rockets,  bombs,  Roman  candles, 
and  the  like,  there  were  several  set  pieces; — one  of  which 
was  a  representation,  in  colored  lance  work,  of  a  Steamship, 
decorated  with  Hags  flying  from  her  masts  and  peak. 

The  grand  finale  consisted  of  the  Crown  and  Eagle  b(;- 
ncath  the  English  and  American  fiags,  between  which  wore 
seen  the  ClasiKjd  Hands  of  Friendship. 

A  most  brilliant  disj)lay  of  fireworks  was  made  by  the  citi- 
zens of  East  lioston,  in  honor  of  the  opening  of  llio  (^rand 
Junction  Railroad.  It  took  place  at  7^  o'clock,  and  was 
greatly  admired  by  the  thousands  who  witnessed  it  from 
both  sides  of  the  liarbor.  The  reflection  of  the  fires  from 
the  intervening  waters  gave  additional  splendor  to  tlie  view 
from  the  city  proper.  Uesides  the  display  on  the  groundii  of 
the  company,  bon-fires  were  lighted  on  Eagle  Hill,  and  at 
the  residences  of  many  of  the  citizens  were  private  exhibi- 
tions of  much  beauty. 

'  Such  were  the  scenes  of  the  Second  Day  o.  .he  Jubilee. 
No  accident  or  untoward  event  occurred  to  mar  the  general 
joy,  and  the  sun,  as  he  sank  in  smiles  behind  the  western 
hills,  gave  the  pleasing  assurance  that  the  coming  day  would 
be  enlivened  by  the  same  genial  rays  which  had  thus  far 
given  to  the  pageant  so  much  of  its  brilliancy,  and  contrib- 
uted so  largely  to  the  comfort  and  enjoyment  of  the  gathered 
multitudes. 


102 


THIRD   DAY, 


:  i 


■•^ 


iff    hl":A   :■■;.■  V 


\  V; 


The  morning  of  Friday,  September  19tli,  the  last  day  of 
the  Celebration,  clisappoiuted  no  fondly  indulged  hope,  but 
dawned  brightly  and  beautifully,  filling  the  hearts  of  thou- 
sands with  joy  and  gladness,  and  exciting  the  highest  antici- 
pations of  pleasure.  And  all  that  the  morning  promised  was 
fully  realized  ;  no  cloud  dimmed  the  mild  splendor  of  the 
sun  ;  no  harsh  breath  from  the  east  chilled  the  air.  From 
sunrise  to  sunset  the  weather  was  glorious,  and  entire  success 
crowned  all  the  proceedings  of  the  day. 

The  Banks,  the  Custom  House,  the  Market  House  and 
most  of  the  stores  in  the  business  part  of  the  city  were 
closed;  and  the  occasion  was  observed  by  all  classes  of  citi- 
zens as  a  holiday.  The  streets  were  thronged,  from  early 
dawn  to  midnight,  with  dense  masses  of  happy  people  in 
holiday  attire,  and  on  no  previous  occasion,  perhaps,  in  the 
history  of  the  city,  had  so  large  a  multitude  been  gathered 
within  her  limits  ; — yet  order  and  decorum  every  where  pre- 
vailed, and  "  gladness  ruled  the  hour." 

The  distinguishing  features  of  this  day's  doings  were  the 
Procession,  the  Dinner  on  the  Common,  and  the  Fireworks 
and  Illuminations  in  the  evening  ;  and  for  all  these,  prepara- 
tions had  been  made  upon  a  becoming  scale. 

The  appearance  which  the  city  presented,  as  the  hour  for 
forming  the  procession  drew  near,  was  animating  in  the  ex- 
treme. In  all  the  streets  through  which  it  was  to  pass,  the 
sidewalks  were  every  where  crowded — sounds  of  martial 
music  from  time  to  time  rose  on  the  air — flags,  streamers  and 
evergreens,  mottoes,  inscriptions,  and  all  manner  of  fanciful 
devices  adorned  the  buildings — and  groups  of  smiling  and 
lovely  faces  filled  the  windows  and  looked  down  from  the 
balconies.  The  whole  scene  was  one  of  exceeding  beauty, 
sucli  as  one  would  look  upon  again  and  again,  "that  he 
initilit  tali  U  lip  when  i\u  awtiy.  " 


103 


To  the  general  regret,  a  sudden,  though  happily  not  se- 
rious, indisposition  prevented  the  President  from  joining  in 
the  procession  ; — he,  however,  had,  in  consequence,  a  far 
more  favorable  opportunity  than  he  otherwise  would  have  had, 
of  seeing  the  whole  display  as  it  passed  the  Revere  House  ; 
and  it  was  a  display  well  calculated  to  impress  a  stranger  with 
a  vivid  idea  of  the  character  and  resources  of  the  city. 

The  hour  named  for  the  formation  of  the  Procession  was  9 
o'clock,  A.  M. ;  but,  owing  to  the  unforeseen  delays  incident 
to  the  arrangement  of  so  large  a  body  of  men,  and  so  ex- 
tensive a  collection  of  the  products  of  industry,  some  of 
them  of  the  most  ponderous  description,  it  was  nearly  11 
o'clock  before  all  was  in  readiness  to  move. 

The  Procession  was  composed  of  eleven  divisions  ;  and  its 
route  was  from  the  City  Hall,  in  School  street,  through  Tre- 
mont,  Com't,  Cambridge,  Chambers,  Green  and  Pitts  streets, 
Haymarket  square,  Blackstone,  Clinton,  and  South  Market 
streets,  Merchants'  row,  State,  Washington,  Dover  and  Tre- 
mont  streets,  to  the  corner  of  Park  street,  where  it  entered  the 
Common,  and  passed,  through  lines  of  school  children,  up  the 
Park  street,  down  the  Beacon  street  and  throuigh  the  Charles 
street  Mall,  to  the  Boylston  street  gate  where  it  was  dismissed. 


FIRST  DIVISION. 

The  vanguard  consisted  of  a  line  of  twelve  policemen  extending 
across  the  street,  under  the  direction  of  oflicers  Osborn  and  Sleeper. 
Francis  Tukey,  Esq.,  City  Marshal. 
Aid,  Aid, 

Officer  Spurr.  Officer  Batman. 

MTj.iTARY  ESCORT. 

Brigadier  Gen.  Samuel  Andrews,  of  the  .irst  brigade  first  divis- 
ion, commanding,  and  Staff,  viz  : — 

Major  P.  S.  Davis,  Brigade  Major ;  Capt.  Henry  C.  Brooks,  Aid  ; 
Capt.  Daniel  Sharp,  Jr.,  Brigade  (Quarter  Master,  and  William  Ba- 
ker, Jr.,  Acting  Aid-de-Camp. 

SUFFOLK   BRASS    BAND. 

The  National  Lancers,  Capt.  T.  J.  Pierce. 
The  Fifth  regiment  of  Artillery,  under  Col.  Robert  Cowden,  Lieut. 
Col.  II.  W.  Usher ;  Major  Caleb  Page  ;    Lieut.   Samuel  S.  Chane, 
Adjutant ;    Lieut.  Frederick  A.  Heath,  Quartermaster  ;  Dr.  Phipps, 
Surgeon ;  Dr.  C.  E.  Buckingham,  Surgeon's  mate. 


104 


bond's  cornet  band. 

Boston  Artillery,  Capt  Evans. 

Columbian  Artillery,  Capt.  Thompson. 

Washington  Artillery,  Capt.  Bullock. 

Roxbury  Artillery,  Capt.  Webber. 

Concord  Artillery,  Capt  Wood. 

Charlestown  Artillery,  Capt.  Huntley. 

The  last  two  companies  annexed  to  the  fifth  regiment  for  the  occasion. 

The  First  Regiment  of  Light  Infantry,  under  Col.  C.  L.  Holbrook  ; 
Lieut.  Col.  John  C.  Boyd  ;  Major  James  A.  Abbott ;  Lieut.  Thomas 
E.  Chickering,  Adjutant;  Lieut.  Thomas  L.  Robinson,  Quarter- 
master ;  Lieut,  Caleb  T.  Curtis,  Paymaster. 


KENDALLS   BRASS   BAND. 

New  England  Guards,  Capt.  Bradlee. 

Boston  Light  Guard,  Capt.  Clark. 

Washington  Light  Guard,  Capt.  Savory. 

Boston  Light  Infantry,  Capt  Ashley. 

City  Guards,  Lieut.  Pulsifer  commanding. 

Norfolk  Guards,  of  Roxbury,  Capt.  Merriam. 

Massachusetts  Volunteers,  Capt.  Moore. 

Warren  Light  Infantry,  Roxbury,  Lieut.  Nichols  commanding. 

Boston  Independent  Fusileers,  Capt.  Mitchell. 

Winthrop  Light  Guard,  Capt.  Cassell. 

Pulaski  Guards,  Capt.  Wright. 
Mechanic  Riflemen,  Capt  S.  G.  Adams. 
Next  came  a  fine  battalion  of  two  companies  from  Rhode  Island 
and  Maine,  under  command,  for  the  occasion,  of  Col.  J.  D.  Greene 
of  the  4th  Infantry  ;  Lieut  Col.  Horace  Williams ;  Maj.  Edmund  A. 
Parker ;  Dr.  H.  B.  C.  Greene,  Surgeon. 

BATH   BRASS   BAND. 

Providence  Light  Infantry,  Col.  W.  W.  Brown  commanding. 
Bath  City  Greys,  Capt.  E.  K.  Harding. 

Gen.  John  S.  Tyler,  Chief  Marshal. 

Aids.  Aids. 

[Major  John  C.  Park,  Major  Joel  Scott, 

Col.  John  L.  Dimmock,  Major  Charles  II.  Appleton, 

William  H.  Foster,  Esq. 

FLAGG's   BRASS   BAND. 

The  Committee  of  Arrangements  in  carriages. 
These  weres  ucceeded  by  the  Mayor  and  Aldermen,  and  Common 
Council  of  this  city. 


105 


occasion. 


Aids. 
Kiioiih  Train, 
Peter  Butler,  Jr. 


SECOND   DIVISION. 
B.  G.  Bates,  Chief  Marshal. 

Edward  F.  Hall. 

BAND. 


Aids. 
1,  G.  Bates, 
J,  W.  Ward, 


Secretaries  Conrad  and  Stuart,  accompanied  by  Mr.  Alderman 
Kogers,  in  si  barouclie  drawn  by  six  white  horses,  and  flanked  by 
detachments  of  the  Independent  Cadets.  [The  Mayor  was  not  in  the 
procession, — b.  ing  occupied  in  arrangements  concerning  the  exercises 
at  the  Pavilion.] 

Lord  Elgin,  and  his  Suite,  consisting  of  the  Hon.  Col.  Bruce,  Pri- 
vate Secretary  and  principal  Aid-de-camp,  and  Lord  Mark  Kerr, 
Aid-de-cani[),  accompanied  by  Francis  Brinley,  Escj.,  in  a  barouche 
drawn  by  six  white  horses,  and  flanked  by  a  detachment  of  the  Inde- 
pendent Cadets. 

Gov.  iJoutwell  and  Aids,  as  follows : — Lieut.  Cols.  .J.  T.  Heard,  C. 
W.  Chapman,  and  H.  A.  Williams ;  followed,  in  another  carriage,  by 
Adj't.  Gen.  E.  W.  Stone,  and  Lieut.  Col.  D.  Needham. 

Actii"!;  Gov.  W.  B.  Lawrence,  of  Rhode  Island,  Major  Sherman 
of  tiie  Flying  Artillery,  and  Col.  Pitman. 

Canadian  JMinistry: — The  Hon.  Francis  Hiucks,  Inspector  Gen- 
eral ;  tlie  rion.  E.  P.  Taclie,  Receiver  General ;  the  Hon.  J.  IL  Price, 
Commissioner  of  Crown  Lands  ;  and  the  Hon.  George  Waldegrave. 

l^ieut.  Gov.  n.  W.  Cushman,  the  Hon.  Joseph  Bourret,  Commis- 
sioner of  Public  Works,  and  the  Hon.  Henry  Wilson,  President  of 
the  Senate. 

IMembers  of  the  Executive  Council ;  the  Hon.  Messrs.  Isaac  Emery, 
E.  K.  AVhitaker,  and  J.  B.  Alley,  and  the  Hon.  A.  Abbot,  ex-repre- 
sentative in  Congress,  from  Andover. 

Messrs.  George  W.  Pike,  Rodolphus  B.  Hubbard,  Philo  Leach, 
and  Noah  Gibson. 

Mr.  Gilkison,  of  Brantford,  Canada ;  Capt.  Allyne,  R.  N.,  Que- 
bec ;  W.  H.  Ponton,  Esq.,  Mayor  of  Belleville  ;  James  Ross,  Esq., 
of  Belleville. 

The  Hon.  Ama?a  Walker,  Secretary  of  the  Commonwealth ; 
Charles  B.  Hall,  Esq.  Treasurer  ;  David  Wilder,  Jr.,  Es(i.,  Auditor  ; 
and  T.  H.  Campbell,  Esq.,  Auditor  of  Illinois. 

Sir  Allan  N.  JMcNab,  M.  P.  P. ;  the  Hon.  H.  H.  Killaly,  Assistant 
Commissioner  of  Public  Works  ;  Mr.  Robinson,  of  Canada ;  and  Ex- 
Gov.  Paine,  of  Vermont. 

The  Hon.  William  Morris,  M.  L.  C. ;  Rev.  Dr.  E.  Ryerson,  Su- 
perintendent of  the  Department  of  Education,  C.  W. ;  the  Hon. 
Samuel  JNIills,  M.  L.  C,  of  Canada. 

The  Hon.  Robert  C.  Winthrop,  Mr.  Attorney  General  Clifford. 

14 


106 


;    ■< 


Solicitor  General  INFcDonald  ;  the  Hon.  W.  B.  Richards,  M.  P.  P. ; 
Mr.  Sheritr  Thomas,  Mi-.  Sheritl"  Smith,  Mr.  Sheritl' Cameil. 

Georjie  Brown,  Est}.,  tiie  Hon.  James  Hall,  M.  P.  P. ;  the  Hon. 
Robert  Bell,  M.  P.  P.,  of  Canada ;  accompanied  by  Symmes  Gardner, 
Esq.,  of  Boston. 

The  Hon.  Mr.  Goodenow,  the  Hon.  Mi*.  Hebard.  Halifax;  Col. 

B.  C.  A.  Gugy,  M.  P.  P. ;  the  Hon.  W.  H.  Boulton,  M.  P.  P. 

His  Honor,  John  G.  Bowes,  Mayor  of  Toronto ;  Aldermen  Wake- 
field and  Beard,  jNIr.  Recorder  Duggan,  and  the  Rev.  Barnas  Sears, 
Secretary  of  the  Massachnsetts  Board  of  Education. 

Messrs.  Lepper,  and  Lampson,  of  the  City  Council,  Quebec. 

Joseph  Hamel,  City  Surveyor,  and  A.  Dorval,  E)sq.,  Councillor, 
Quebec;  Aldermen  Thompson  and  Ridout,  Toronto. 

William  Weller,  Esq.,  Mayor  of  Cobourg ;  Messrs.  D.  E.  Boulton, 

C.  H.  Morgan,  and  R.  H.  Throoiie,  and  Dr.  Beatty,  of  the  same  place. 
George  L.  Allen,  E-jq,,  the  Police  Magistrate  of  Toronto  ;  Aldir- 

inan  Wliittemore,  and  Messrs.  Councihnen  Price,  Ritchey,  and  Plati, 
of  Toronto. 

Mr.  James  Brown,  Canada;  William  r.Iattico,  Esq.,  Mayor  of 
Cornwall,  C.  W. ;  J.  Lane,  Esq ,  Clerk  C.  C,  Barrie  ;  A.  T.  McCord, 
Esq.,  Chamberlain,  and  JMr.  Councilman  Hayes,  Toronto. 

Messrs.  Graveley,  Strong,  and  Jeffrey,  Cobourg ;  Messrs.  Stro- 
bridge,  and  Bunnell,  Brantfonl. 

Alderman  Dempsey,  George  L.  Allen,  Esq.  Chief  of  the  Police,  and 
John  Watkins,  Esq.,  of  Toronto,  and  W.  Patterson,  Esq.,  (Quebec. 

James  Cotton,  Esq.,  Toronto ;  J.  Brousean,  Escj.,  and  Dr.  Kimlin, 
of  Quebec  ;  and  J.  H.  Larkin,  Esq.,  Montreal. 

The  Hon.  Charles  Wilson,'  Mayor  of  Montreal ;  the  Hon.  N.  F. 
Belleau,  Mayor  of  Quebec  ;  Alderman  McFarlane,  Montreal. 

Mr.  Councillor  Weeks,  Hamilton ;  W.  G.  Cassels,  Es((.,  Toronto ; 
Dr.  E.  J.  Barker,  Kingston  ;  and  W.  Lampson,  Esq.,  of  City  Council, 
Quebec. 

Messrs.  Frechette  and  Bronsdon,  of  City  Council,  Montreal ;  Alder- 
man Magill,  Hamilton ;  Duncan  McFarlane,  Esq.,  Toronto. 

W.  L.  Distin,  Es(i.,  Alderman,  and  J.  Moore,  Esq..  Councillor, 
Hamilton ;  J.  G.  Ridout,  Esq.,  Toronto ;  Messrs.  C.  Berczy,  and 
J.  C.  Pyper,  Canada. 

J.  Trilles,  M.  Davis,  and  R.  J.IcElroy,  Esq's,  City  Council,  Hamil- 
ton ;  G.  E.  French,  Esq.,  Vv'ashington,  D.  C. 

The  Hon.  Tappan  Wentworlh,  Lowell;  J.  H.  Williams,  Esq.,  and 
C.  Willis,  Esq.,  Boston ;  T.  Trask,  Esq.,  Salem;  Alderman  J.  M. 
Williams,  Hamilton ;  Gen.  McLean,  C.  T.  Gwinnell,  Esq. 

Hon.  Alex.  McLean,  M.  P.  P. ;  Roderic  W.  Cameron,  Esq.,  and 
A.  Mathewson,  Esq.,  Hamilton. 

Aldermen  Lynch,  and  Grenier,  and  Councillors  Leeming  and  At- 
water,  Montreal. 

S.  Morrill,  Esq.,  Mayor  of  London,  C.  W. ;  J.  Lister,  Esq.,  of  the 
City  Council,  Hamilton. 

Sir  Robert  Campbell,  Montreal ;  and  Messrs.  Lane,  Adams,  and 
Richards,  Canada. 

Messrs.  Manning,  BruDskill,  Robertson,  and  Urquhart,  Toronto. 


107 


J.  P.  Sexton,  City  Clerk,  and  S.  J.  Lyman,  Esq.,  Montreal. 

The  lion.  A.  N.  Kinsman,  Mayor  of  New  Haven ;  the  Hon.  E. 
Flower,  Mayor  of  Hartford  ;  F.  Crosby,  Esq.,  Boston. 

The  Hon.  K,  Matheson,  M.  P.  P. ;  George  P.  Lawson,  Esq.,  Hali- 
fax ;  Dr.  G.  C.  Ardouin,  Quebec. 

THIRD   DIVISION. 


Aid. 
P.  E.  Kinsman. 


AMERICAN    BRASS    BAND, 

Henuy  C.  Lord,  Chief  Marshal. 


Aid. 
J.  B.  Wheelock. 


The  Hon.  Charles  Hudson,  Naval  Officer  of  Port  of  Boston  ;  G.  H. 
Miller,  Esq  ,  Collector  of  Port  of  Salem  ;  S.  D.  "Whitney,  Esq.,  Con- 
sul to  Venezuela ;  S.  Bryant,  Esq.,  Consul  to  Equador ;  William 
Elliott,  P^sq.,  British  Vice  Consul. 

The  Hon.  Messrs.  Kuhn,  Keyes,  Hubbard,  and  others  of  the  Senate 
of  JMassachusetts. 

Mr.  Chief  Justice  Wells,  and  Messrs.  Justices  Hoar  and  Mellen,  of 
the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  followed  by  about  twenty  members  of  the 
House  of  Representatives. 


■I 


Aid. 
D.  W.  Childs. 


FOURTH  DIVISION. 
J.  W.  Pierce,  Chief  Marshal. 


SOUTH  DEDHAM  BRASS  BAND. 

Officers  of  the  Army  and  Navy. 


Aid. 
F.  A.  Allen. 


Capt.  Nye,  20th  Regiment ;  Capt.  Stevens,  R.  N. ;  J.  R.  Pilkington, 
R.  E. ;  Capt.  Percival,  U.  S.  N. ;  Capt.  Jugall,  Lieut.  W.  H.  Noble, 
R.  E. ;  W.  A.  Holwell,  Ordnance  Storekeeper,  Quebec ;  Dr.  Ruther- 
ford, Medical  Staff;  Dr.  Maitland,  C.  P.  R. ;  Capt.  Kerr,  R.  E. ; 
Capt.  Marjory,  54lh  Regiment ;  Dr.  Wright,  U.  S.  N. 

Senior  Surgeon  Stewart  Chisholm,  Royal  Artillery  ;  Dr.  John  Gra- 
ham, British  Army ;  Lieut.  Archibald  M.  Chisholm,  42d  Royal  High- 
landers ;  Dr.  Delany,  U.  S.  N. 

Capt.  Ilawkes,  Royal  Regiment ;  William  Gaudet,  Commissioner 
of  Staff;  Mr.  Shane,  d4th  Reg't;  Lieut.  W.  A.  Parker,  U.  S.  N. 

Lieut.  Lutzens,  20th  Reg't. ;  Lieut.  O'Brien,  54th  Reg't. ;  Assistant 
Com.  Gen.  Webb;  Commissary  John  Pope,  U.  S.  A.;  Mr.  Keaa 
Buchanan,  U.  S.  A. 


108 


FIFTH   DIVISION. 

FAUNHAir  Plujimkr,  Chief  Murslial. 

Aid.  Aid. 

Stephen  Rhodes.  H.  F.  Blod<reU. 

This  Division  was  composed  chiefly  of  invited  guests  from  Canada 
and  the  oilier  Provinces,  on  foot.  Among  the  pentlemen  present  we 
r.'  ♦'ced  the  following:  ll'ii  Honor,  the  Mayor  of  Halifax,  and  Akli-r- 
man  More  ;  Ex-British  Consul  Buchanan  ;  the  Hon.  J.  T.  Williams, 
Ex-Mayor  of  Port  Hope ;  the  Hon.  E.  Hale,  Sherbrooke ;  Mr.  Jus- 
tice T.  C.  Aylwin,  C.  Q.  B. ;  the  Hon.  John  Molson,  President 
of  the  Champlain  and  St.  Lawrence  Railroad  Co. ;  Mr.  "William 
Molson,  Director  of  the  St.  Lawrence  and  Atlantic  R.  R.  Co. ;  the 
Hon.  William  B.  Robinson,  M.  P.  P. ;  Dr.  Hallowell,  Professor  in 
Trinity  College,  Toronto ;  Judge  Mondelet  and  son,  of  Montreal ;  Mr. 
Sheriff  Tread  well,  of  Prescott  Co. ;  B.  Delisle,  R.  N. ;  W^  B.  Rich- 
ards, Esq.,  Queen's  Counsel,  and  M.  P.  P.  for  Leeds  ;  Mr.  Charles 
Scheller,  Deputy  Clerk  to  the  Crown  ;  A.  Jobin,  Es([.,  M.  P.  P.; 
Henry  Smith,  Esq.,  M.  P.  P.,  for  Frontenac;  John  Egan,  Esq., 
M.  P.  P. ;  Messrs.  Weeks  and  Labadie,  Notaries  Public,  Montreal  ■ 
William  Lunn,  Es(i.,  and  son,  Montreal ;  B.  Chamberlain,  Esq.,  Advo- 
cate ;  W^illiam  McDonald,  Esq.,  Lachine  ;  Mark  Burnhain,  Esq.,  Port 
Hope ;  Mr.  J.  Gamble,  Municipal  Office,  Montreal ;  Mr.  Charles 
Geddes,  Montreal ;  Dr.  G.  Russel,  Toronto ;  Dr.  Munro,  Montreal ; 
A.  J.  Alexander,  M.  D. ;  Dr.  Mount,  Montreal ;  Messrs.  M.  Cas- 
siday,  J.  F.  Peltier,  and  T.  Cherrier,  Members  of  the  Bar,  and  the 
Hon.  Judge  Day,  S.  Court,  Montreal. 

Quite  a  number  of  prominent  railroad  capitalists  and  directors  also 
appeared  in  this  division.  Among  them  were  observed  vSamuel  A. 
Walker,  Esq.,  E.  Ilasket  Derby,  Esq.,  Mr.  Hammond,  and  others. 

SIXTH   DIVISION. 

Albert  Bowker,  Chief  Marshal. 
Aid.  Aid. 

C.  F.  Lougee.  Beza  Lincoln. 

This  Division  was  composed  of  the  officers  of  the  different  depart- 
ments of  the  City  Government,  past  Mayors,  Aldermen  and  Common 
Councilmen  :  also  of  members  of  the  City  Governments  of  other  Cities 
of  the  United  States,  Officers  and  Clerks  of  various  City  Institutions, 
past  resident  Physicians,  and  others.  Among  them  were,  the  Hon. 
J.  H.  Ayer,  Mayor  of  Lowell ;  the  Hon.  Geo.  Hood,  Mayor  of  Lynn ; 
the  Mayor  of  Lawrence,  and  the  Hon.  Mr.  Skinner,  of  New  Haven. 


The  Seventh  Division,  constituting  by  far  the  most  promi- 
nent, as  well  as  the  most  interesting  feature  in  the  procession, 
and  representing  the  various  trades  and  mechanical  pursuits 


109 


uf  the  city,  will  be  specially  noticed  in  another  place.  Such 
a  display,  as  this  Division  made,  was  certainly  never  before 
equalled  in  our  City,  and  it  surpassed  even  the  highest  ex- 
pectations of  the  most  sanguine. 

It  placed  in  a  striking  light  the  industrial  resources  of  Bos- 
ton, and  the  elements  of  its  prosperity  ;  and,  in  the  variety, 
beauty,  and  magnitude  of  its  exhibitions,  surprised  many 
even  of  those  who  had  been  all  their  lives  familiar  with  the 
industry  of  the  city.  As  no  exhibition  of  this  kind  in  our 
streets  ever  equalled  this,  so  no  one  certainly  ever  gave  more 
pleasure,  or  received  more  marked  proofs  of  unqualified  com- 
mendation and  approval,  from  the  thousands,  both  citizens 
and  strangers,  who  were  the  delighted  spectators  of  it ;  and  it 
called  forth  from  President  Fillmore  the  expression,  that, 
although  he  knew  Boston  "  had  its  Merchant  Princes,  he  had 
not  known  till  then,  that  it  had  its  Mechanic  Noblemen  of 
Nature." 

EIGHTH    DIVISION. 

Alpheus  HARDr,  Chief  Marshal. 

Aid.  Aid. 

G.  F.  Woodman.  F.  G.  Whiston. 

This  Division  was  composed  of  the  officers  and  members  of  the 
Jlercantile  Library  Association,  numbering  nearly  1000  persons,  un- 
der the  Marshalship  of  Mr.  John  Stetson,  aided  by  Messrs.  Levi  L. 
Wilcutt  and  Henry  C.  Allen,  and  of  a  delegation  of  the  Students  of 
Harvard  University.  The  Association  was  accompanied  by  the  Wey- 
mouth Brass  Band,  and,  as  usual  when  they  appear  in  a  body,  made 
a  very  fine  appearance. 

Harvard  College  was  largely  represented,  and  the  delegation  of  stn- 
dpnts  was  accompanied  by  the  Mechanics'  Brass  Band.  Tlie  Senior 
Class  was  marshaled  by  C.  W.  Upham,  with  D.  C.  Tremble,  and  J. 
Porter  as  aids  ;  the  Junior  Class,  by  G.  H.  Sargent,  with  C.  F.  Liver- 
more  and  W.  Davis,  as  aids  ;  the  Sophomore  Class,  by  II.  C.  Win- 
throp,  Jr.,  with  B,  J.  Jeffries,  and  J.  B.  Dickson,  as  aids  ;  the  Fresh- 
man Class,  by  J.  Hayes,  with  H.  \V"aiker,  and  A.  Agassiz  as  aids. 
A  plain  banner,  with  the  simple  inscription 

Harvard. 

was  borne  by  A.  W.  Thaxter,  aided  by  W.  P.  Phipps  and  G.  W. 
Norris. 


if 


no 


NINTH   DIVISION. 

Gkorge  "Wueelwrigiit,  Chief  Marshal. 
Aid.  Aid. 

G.  A.  Batclieidcr.  J.  R.  Bradford. 

Tlu3  Division  was  composed  of  the  children  of  tlie  Warren  Street 
Cliapel  School,  drawn  in  thirty-two  wagons,  under  the  marshalship  of 
John  S.  Freeman.  The  wagons  were  tastefully  decorated  with  ever- 
greens and  flowers,  and  the  young  masters  and  misses,  to  the  number 
of  about  500,  had  their  hats,  bonnets  and  heads  wreathed  with  ever- 
green. The  exhibition  was  arranged  so  as  to  represent  the  four  sea- 
sons, commencing  with  Spring,  and  terminating  with  Winter,  and  was 
one  of  the  most  pleasing  features  of  the  procession.  The  children  were 
dressed  in  costume  appropriate  to  the  seasons  which  they  represented. 
Those  in  the  rear  wagons  were  in  no  danger  of  suffering  from  cold, 
judging  from  the  material  which  composed  their  garments.  In  the  last 
wagon  of  (he  train,  were  seated,  on  the  trunk  of  a  tree.  Master  Sidney 
Fisher,  and  Miss  Elizabeth  J.  Foster,  dressed  in  ancient  costume,  and 
having  the  appearance  of  a  venerable  couple,  which  character  they 
sustained  in  the  most  appropriate  manner.  Over  their  heads,  was  a 
banner  bearing  the  motto, 

"  Peace  be  with  tou." 

The  body  of  this  wagon  was  filled  with  large  lumps  of  alum,  making  a 
capital /c/c-si/niVe  of  ice,  and  giving  great  efi'ect  to  the  show. 

TENTH    DIVISION. 
M.  Field  Fowler,  Chief  Marshal. 


Aid. 
J.  B.  Richardson. 


Aid. 
H.  W.  Cushinjr. 


At  the  head  of  this  Division  was  the  German  Gymnastic  Society, 
Mr.  ]Meier,  INIarshal.  They  numbered  about  30  persons,  and  bore 
the  German  flag. 

Other  Societies  followed  in  the  order  mentioned  below,  each  bear- 
ing its  banner : — 

The  Bay  State  Lodge  of  the  Grand  United  Order  of  Odd  Fellows, 

No.  814. 

The    Scots   Charitable   Society,  led   by  Alexander   l^Iaegregor,  all 

wearing  plaid,  and  some  the  emblematic  feather. 

The  Tilutual  Relief  Society,  John  Madigan,  jMarshal. 

The  Young  Catholic's  Friend  Society,  Wm.  F.  A.  Kelly,  Marshal. 

TJie   St.  Jlary's  Mutual  Benefit  Society,  Owen  Harrington,  Marshal. 

The  Irish  Protestant  Mutual  Relief  Society,  John  Hagan,  Marshal. 

The  Laborer's  Aid   Society,  James  O'Neil,  Marshal. 

[The  members  of  this  Society  were  uniformly  dressed  in  black  hats, 

blue  frocks,  and   black  pantaloons.] 

Thf*  Father  Mathew  T.  A.  Society,  Berthold  Taylor,  Marshal. 


Ill 


The  St.  Nicliolag  Total  Abstinence  Society,  of  East  Boston,  Martin 

1)11  rko,  ]\Iar.>lml. 
The    St.  John's  Mutual   licliel'  Total   Abstinence   Society,  of  Kast 

IJoston,  I).  W.  Campbell,  Marsiial. 
TIic  St.  A'incent  Total  Abstinence  Society,  Tliomas  Carberiy,  Mar?lial. 
The  Father  Blathew  Mutual  Uenevolent  Total  Abstinence  Society,  of 

Chtirlestown,  James  O'Hrien,  I\Iarshal. 
The  St.  Joseph  Total  Abstinence  Society  of  Roxbury,  James  KildulT, 

Marshal. 

ELEVENTH    DIVISION. 

C.  J.  Savage,  Chief  Marshal. 
Aid.  Aid. 

Knoch  Train,  Jr.  F.  Lyman. 

Tins  Division  was  composed  of  our  hardy  and  muscular  truclunen, 
to  tlie  number  of  110,  dressed  in  their  neat  white  tVocisS,  black  hats 
and  trowsers,  mounted  on  their  noble  horses,  and  under  command  of 
Col.  Thomas  liancroft. 

Tiie  wjjole  procession  terminated  with  a  cavalcade,  which  though 
not  very  numerous,  made  a  very  respectable  appearance. 

It  is  difficult  to  make  any  very  accurate  estimate  of  the 
number  of  tliose  who  took  part  in  the  procession  ;  but  some 
idea  of  it  may  be  formed  from  the  fact  that  the  time  occupied 
ii]  passing  any  given  point  was  fully  two  hours,  and  that  its 
length  could  not  have  been  less  than  three  and  a  half  miles. 
The  streets  through  which  it  passed  were  kept  entirely  free 
from  carriages,  and  had  been  swept  and  sprinkled  with  water. 
The  sidewalks  along  its  whole  route  were  filled  by  a  com- 
pact yet  perfectly  orderly  mass  of  delighted  spectators,  while 
from  every  window,  balcony  and  portico,  and  even  from 
many  roofs,  clusters  of  happy  faces  looked  down  upon  the 
moving  pageant.  As  the  distinguished  guests  of  the  city 
came  in  view  they  every  where  met  a  most  cordial  and  en- 
thusiastic reception.  Cheer  followed  cheer  continually,  while 
from  window  and  balcony  the  animated  looks,  bright  smiles, 
fluttering  silks  and  waving  handkerchiefs  of  the  ladies  added 
a  poetic  grace  to  the  scene.  The  greeting,  so  heartily  given, 
was  warmly  received  and  gracefully  reciprocated.  The  ever 
ready  shout  of  welcome  which  attended  the  progress  of  Lord 
Elgin,  in  particular,  was  indicative,  not  only  of  the  friendly 
feelings  entertained  towards  the  nation  he  represented,  and 


I 


112 


of  respect  for  the  high  station  he  filled,  but  it  was  a  spon- 
taneous testimony  of  the  personal  interest  in  himself  ■which 
his  frank  courtesy  and  noble  bearing  had  inspired. 

The  streets,  through  which  the  procession  was  to  i)ass,  had 
been  profusely  and  tastefully  ornamented.  Although  any 
lescription,  Avhich  can  now  be  given  of  their  various  decora- 
tions, can  convey  but  a  faint  impression  of  the  reality ;  yet 
tlieir  beauty,  number  and  appropriateness  contributed  in  so 
great  a  degree  to  the  splendor  of  the  pageant,  that  an  attempt 
must  be  made  to  indicate  their  character.  The  account 
which  follows,  imperfect  as  it  is,  may  in  some  measure  an- 
swer this  purpose.  It  is  given  in  the  order  of  the  route  of 
the  Procession,  commencing  with  the  City  Ilall. 


^ 


*'!     ' 


THE    CITY    ICALr,. 

ais  building  was  only  ornamented  on  the  southern  side, 
facing  School  street.  Over  the  general  passage-way  to  the 
building,  a  large  arch  was  erected,  the  columns  of  which  were 
inscribed  with  the  names  of  the  thirty-two  railroads  of  Mas- 
sachusetts, centering  in  Boston.  On  the  face  of  the  arch, 
as  viewed  from  the  south,  a  train  of  cars  was  represented  in 
full  motion,  and  the  motto — 

GRAND    RAILPjAD    JUBILEE, 

SEPT.  IT'th,  18th,  19th,  1851. 
On  the  reverse  was  the  inscription, — 

THE    CANADAS    AND    THE    GREAT    WEST. 
PROSFERITI    TO    ALL. 

The  emblem,  enclosed  by  the  inscription,  was  a  steamship 
ploughing  her  way  through  the  ocean. 

From  the  highest  windows  of  the  central  front,  lines  of 
large  and  well  arranged  banners  extended  to  the  east  and 
west.  The  Stars  and  Stripes,  the  red  cross  of  St.  George, 
and  flags  with  the  armorial  bearings  of  the  Canadas,  gave  a 
fine  appearance  to  the  building.  Starred  streamers  and  pen- 
nons, of  various  colors  and  tastefully  garlanded,  hung  from 
the  various  windows.  On  the  balcony  in  front  was  an  eques- 
trian portrait  of  Washington,  of  life  size,  with  the  inscrip- 
tion,— 


11:1 


VVASHINaroN 


"the    FATIIEK    of    our    COITNTUY." 

And  beneath, — 

THE    MAHCK    OF    IMI'ROVKMENT  ! 

Over  tlic  eastern  entrance  from  School  street  was  a  medal- 
lion, inscribed, — 

"  E    PUTHIBUS    INTM.'* 
1831. 

and  surmounted  by  a  golden  Eaglo  grasping  in  his  talons  the 
national  colors.  Over  the  western  entrance,  another  medal- 
lion showed  the  old  Pine  Tree  Flag  of  Colonial  Massachu- 
setts, with  the  word  and  the  date, — 

PLYMOUTH  ! 

1020. 

From  each  medallion  waved  a  heavy  flag,  with  silver  stars 
on  a  ground  of  azure. 


!i 


TREMONT    STREET. 

On  reaching  Tremont  street,  the  Albion  Hotel,  richly  dec- 
orated, first  attracted  the  attention  of  the  spectator.  From 
it  lines  of  flags  of  dilTerent  nations  were  stretched  in  various 
directions,  and  festoons  of  streamers  were  arranf^".'  across  its 
front.  Along  the  balustrade,  commencing  on  Beacon  street 
was  the  following  inscription  : 

GRAND    RAILROAD    AND    STEAMBOAT    JUBILEE. 
BOSTON,   SEPTEMBER   ITtH,   18tII,    19tH,    1851. 

[Two  hands  interlocked.] 

WE    GREET    OUR    FRIENDS. 

BOSTON,    1630.       liOSTON,   1851. 

OUR    MARCH    IS    ONWARD. 

The  Museum  building  was  beautifully  decorated  with  al- 
most numberless  flags  of  various  nations,  and  streamers  in 
great  profusion.  Across  the  street  in  front  were  several  large 
llags,  and  from  the  staffs  which  surmount  the  building,  lines 
of  the  same  graceful  drapery  were  extended  to  the  corners. 
The  display,  generally,  at  this  point  was  very  good. 


11 1 


J  4 


i:;t 


loiiso  ()|)|)()silo,  was  cxtciidecl  a  hue  ol  liiiglisli  and  . 

'lags,  Icstnoiicd  v/ilh  streamers,  and  connected  to^ 

by  a  band  bearing  the  following  conj)let : 

" Tliii^,  witli  tlic  Rlorious  Stnr^  f'onvcr  liriglit, 
filiino,  rndiiint  Civss,  in  undivided  light." 

liOWDOIN    SQUARE. 

Next  enme  the  Rovcrc  Tlonso,  whose  tasteful  decorations 
have  already  been  described  as  amongst  those  which  added 
so  much  to  the  attractiveness  of  the  scene  on  the  occasion  ot" 
the  J'residcnt's  arrival. 

In  the  square,  however,  other  Hags  and  streamers  had  l)ecii 
suspended,  which  added  much  to  the  beauty  of  the  show. 

CAMimin(iK    AND    HANCOCK    STllKnTS. 

Passing  down  Cambridge  street,  as  the  eye  wandered  up 
Hancock  street,  it  was  greeted  with  a  fine  display.  At  ditler- 
ent  places  were  American  and  English  Hags  lloating  in  friendly 
union.  The  front  of  Dr.  Bigelow's  residence,  besides  support- 
ing lines  of  flags  which  extended  across  the  street,  was  very 
tastefully  decorated  with  red,  blue  and  white  pennons,  in  the 
centre  of  which  was  the  inscription, — 

HAIL    TO    OUIl    city's    >0BLK    GUESTS. 

At  the  junction  of  Cambridge  and  Chambers  streets  there 
was  a  very  profuse  display  of  flags,  marine  signals,  streamers, 
and  other  gay  bunting. 

CHAMBERS    STREET. 

In  Chambers  street,  the  residences  of  Rev.  Dr.  Barrett  and 
Newell  Harding,  Esq.  were  tastefully  festooned.  In  front  of 
the  residence  of  Mr.  George  Cook  a  very  neat  arch  was 
formed  with  American  and  English  flags,  in  the  centre  of 
which  was  placed  a  portrait  of  Queen  Victoria.     The  house 


11. J 


was  also  (loconHctl  with  a  ootnploto  sot  of  Murryatl's  sigimls. 
TIk!  [lortico  of  the  block  opjjosito,  occii|)i('(l  l)y  Messrs.  Priiico, 
J.  Fowlo,  niid  G.  \V.  Lewis,  was  also  wry  jn'cttily  triiniiiocl. 
Oil  tli(5  ooiiicf  of  Canil)ricli,'o  ami  JOatoii  streets,  the  house 
of  :Mr.  Fidwiii  A.  Raynioiid  was  wvM  decorated.  Mr.  Ray- 
mond very  tastofidly  introduced  into  his  decorations  a  lino 
ciiirravin^  of  Washington.  Flags  across  the  street  completed 
the  display  at  this  point. 

riTTS    STIIKHT. 

In  Pitts  street,  in  front  of  the  houses  of  Messrs.  Brewster, 
Knight,  Elliot,  Sibley,  Cheever  and  Harry,  were  several  lines 
(»f  llags  and  streamers.  Across  the  street  was  an  American 
ilag,  bearing  the  motto, — 

OUR  GUKSTS  ANO  OUn  OOUNTnY. 

The  fronts  of  Nos.  4,  5,  and  29,  were  also  decorated. 

IIAVMARKET    SqUAIli:. 

Haymarket  S(inare  and  the  Dejjot  of  the  Boston  and  Maine 
Railroad,  were  ])rol'usely  ornamented  with  llags  and  streamers. 
Across  the  entrance  of  the  Stpiare  frotii  Union  street,  was  dis- 
played, in  large  letters,  the  word, — 

WELCOMh:  ! 
IJLACKSTONE    STKEiri". 

Along  Blackstone  street,  between  Haymarket  scjuare  and 
Hanover  street,  there  were  several  lines  of  Ikigs.  In  Han- 
over street,  in  front  of  the  printing  olfice  of  G.  C.  Jenks,  No. 
80,  were  displayed  two  banners,  each  twenty-five  feet  in 
length.  On  one  of  them  was  printed,  in  large  letters,  the 
word, — 

OnEGO.V. 

suggestive  of  that  ])rodigious  embryo,  the  great  Pacific  Rail- 
road.    On  the  other, — 

HARVEST. 

significant  not  only  of  the  beautiful  season,  but  of  the  boun- 
tiful fruit  now  yielded  to  the  city  by  the  network  of  railways 


I    '■ 


V 


m 


( 


i  :i 


iW-'h* 


iHi  |:'|!-r;iisi 


I 


IIG 


spread  over  the  Stato.  Crossing  Hanover,  a  very  brilliant 
show  was  made  of  the  American,  English  and  French  Hug!:. 
Suspended  across  the  street  was  the  following  motto : 

'•  lUEN-VENL',     CAMAHAOES." 

The  fronts  of  Nos.  i30  and  52  were  abundantly  trinmied. 
Messrs.  Parker  &  WJiito,  Benjamin  Wilder,  Field,  Converse  & 
Co.,  Wm.  Lovejoy  &  Co.,  O.  H.  Underiiill,  and  Tattle  ^ 
Higbee,  also  decorated  their  several  premises.  The  Ncv,- 
England  House  was  well  trimmed,  and  also  threw  across  the 
street  a  line  of  Hags,  the  central  one  of  which  bore  the  in- 
scription,— 

WE    WELCOME    OUll    PRESIDENT. 
CLINTOX    STREET. 

In  Clinton  street  tlicre  was  a  large  exhibition  of  American 
flags  and  streamers.  Reed  &  Wade's  store  was  tastefully 
decorated.  A  bronze  bust  of  the  Hon.  Daniel  Webster  oc- 
cupied the  middle  window  of  the  second  story,  immedi- 
ately below  the  other  windows  of  which,  were  models  of 
clipper  ships.  Among  the  many  flags  across  the  street  was  one 
which  showed  unequivocal  evidence  of  having  seen  service. 

COMME  ICIAL    STREF  :•. 

Across  Commercial  street,  from  the  Eastern  end  of  Faneuil 
Hall  Market  to  the  opposite  building,  was  a  line  of  American 
flags.  In  the  centre  was  a  large  spread  eagle,  admirably  carv- 
ed in  wood,  and  gilded.  At  this  point  the  members  of  the 
procession  caught  a  glimpse  of  a  portion  of  the  shipping  in 
the  harbor,  which  was  profusely  and  gaily  decorated  witli 
flags,  peuixons,  streamers,  and  other  characteristic  bunting, 
adding  much  to  the  brilliancy  of  the  spectacle  ;  while  on 
the  other  side,  was  Faneuil  Hall  IMarket,  whose  interior 
presented  a  beautiful  appearance.  Along  the  passage-way, 
on  either  side,  was  one  continuous  line  of  streamers,  of  vari- 
ous colors,  festooned  and  blended  together  with  much  taste. 
At  the  various  entrances  these  lines  of  streamers  were  inter- 
sected with  the  American  flag,  arranged  in  graceful  arches. 
Several  of  the  stalls  were  also  trimmed  with  good  taste.     I.)i- 


117 


rectly  under  the  clock  in  the  centre  of  the  Market,  were  the 
following  inscriptions  : — 

"  OUR    COUNTRY  :     IN    ALL    THAT    IS    CiOOD,    LET    ITS    COURSE    BE 
(4  ONWARD," 

On  the  reverse, 

OUR  NATION  AS  IT  IS  :     OUR  MARKET  AS  IT   WAS. 


M 
I' 


SOUTH    MARKET    STREET. 

The  long  block  of  granite  bnildings  on  the  Sonth  side  oi 
South  Market  street  was  ornamented  with  a  rich  profnsion 
of  Hags  and  streamers.  The  proprietors  of  "Q,uincy  Hall," 
also  made  an  excellent  display. 

STATE    STREET. 

State  street  at  its  junction  with  Merchants'  row,  looked 
very  finely.  Not  only  was  there  an  abundance  of  tlags,  but 
they  were  tastefully  arranged.  Xos.  S7,  89  and  91,  looked 
exceedingly  well.  In  front  of  the  Merchants'  Exchange  was 
a  line  of  beautiful  banners.  In  this  building  are  the  cilices 
of  the  Ogdensburg  and  Rutland  Railroads,  the  completion 
of  which  was,  in  so  large  a  measure,  the  occasion  of  the  cole- 
bratioii.  Very  approju'iately  therefore,  the  Directors  of  these 
roads  exhibited,  drawn  across  the  street,  a  very  large  map  on 
which  were  represented  the  New  England  States,  New  York, 
Ohio,  Pennsylvania  and  Upper  Canada,  with  Lakes  Ontario, 
Erie,  and  Huron.  On  the  map  were  traced  the  dilferent  lines 
of  railroads  which  have  been  constructed,  and  at  the  bottom 
of  it  was  the  inscription  : — 

THE    WEST    AND    CANADA    TO    BOSTON,    VIA    OGDENSBURG,  VERMONT 
CENTRAL,    AND    RUTLAND    AND    BURLINGTON    RAILROADS. 

From  the  Old  State  House,  Hags  were  suspended  across 
the  street  on  each  side  of  the  building.  On  the  north  side, 
the  fronts  of  Redding  &.  Go's,  store,  the  Journal  oliice,  and 
Eastburn's  printing  oliice,  looked  very  finely.  The  telegraph 
station  on  the  top  of  the  building  was  trimmed  with  the 
usual  good  taste  of  its  proprietors,  and  j)resented  a  fine  appear- 
ance.    The  Traveller,  Bee,  and  Times  oliices  on  the  soutli 


lis 


!'i      '', 


side,  were  ornamented  with  flags  and  pennons.  In  one  of  the 
windows  of  the  "  Bee  "  building  was  a  medallion,  bearing 
this  inscription  : — 

THE     people's     PKESS     PAYS     HOMAGE     TO     THE     PEOPLE's 

PRESIDENT. 

In  front  of  the  Times  offlce,  across  the  street,  was  a  large 
American  Hag,  bearing  the  words  : — 

WELCOME  !    CANADIANS. 

Above  the  portico  at  the  eastern  end  of  the  Old  Stale 
House,  was  erected  a  grand  triumphal  arch,  on  which  was 
inscribed  the  words : — 

"liberty,  equality,  fraternity." 

washington  street, 

On  Washington  street,  in  front  of  Adams  &  Go's.  Express 
office,  was  a  very  large  American  flag,  flanked  by  smaller 
ones,  and  bearing  these  inscriptions  : — 

"  Xo  pent  uj)  Utica  contracts  our  powers — 
The  whole  unboimdeil  Continent  is  ours." 

On  the  reverse,  the  words  of  Puck, — 

"we'll  PUT  A  GIRDLE  ROUND  THE  EARTH  IN  FORTY  MINXTES." 

The  fronts  of  Nos.  107  and  109  were  fittingly  decorated. 
In  front  of  No.  129,  was  displayed  in  large  letters,  the  word 

WELCOME  ! 

The  occupants  of  Nos.  129,  134  and  136,  displayed  good 
taste  in  decorating  their  several  buildings.  In  a  window  in 
front  of  No.  162,  mounted  upon  a  pedestal,  was  a  bust  of  Wash- 
ington. 

In  front  of  Thomas  J.  Atkins'  store,  was  a  miniature  statue 
of  Samuel  Adams.  James  G.  Hovey's  store  was  also  tastefully 
ornamented.  Shorey  <Sc  Co.  made  a  very  liberal  display  of 
streamers.  The  front  of  No.  176  was  covered  with  American 
flags,  very  handsomely  arranged.  From  a  window  in  the 
second  story,  projected  a  balustrade,  which  was  hung  with 
streamers  ;    in  the  centre  of  it,  was   a  very  handsome   gilt 


no 


vase,  filled  with  ilowers,  and  on  each  comer,  an  alabaster 
lion.  The  display  here  was  very  fine.  Tucker  &  Brothers' 
store,  the  China  tea  building,  Wheelock  &  Wells,  and  A. 
Kinsley's  store,  were  \vell  decorated.  From  the  armory  of 
the  Boston  Light  Infantry,  lloated  the  Stars  and  Stripes.  At 
the  head  of  Summer  street,  a  line  of  tlags  and  streamers 
combined  in  excellent  taste,  extended  across  Washington 
street.  Across  the  street,  from  So.  348  to  Xo.  401,  was  a 
plain  white  flag,  bearing  the  inscription, 

BOSTON  AND  CANADA  UNITED, 
1851. 

From  the  Liberty  Tree  Block  to  Boylston  Market,  waved 
.1  line  of  flags,  with  the  inscription  : — 

MAGNA  CHAHTA  AND  THE  DECLARATION  OF    INDEPENDENCE. 

On  the  reverse  : 

"  ON  EARTH,  PEACE  AND  GOOD  WILL." 

From  William  Brown's  drug  store,  on  the  corner  of  Eliot 
street,  were  suspended  the  words, 

AVE  WELC03IE  YOU  ALL. 

Mr.  Matthews'  store,  No.  507,  bore  on  its  front,  the  mottoes  : 

ENGLAND  AND  AMERICA. 

PERPETUAL  PEACE. 

THE  QUEEN, THE  PRESIDENT. 

The  balustrade  above,  was  gracefully  festooned,  and  had 
ill  its  centre  an  excellent  bust  of  President  Fillmore.  Building 
No.  563,  was  decorated  in  front,  and  had  a  line  of  colors  across 
the  street.  The  balustrades  of  Nos.  322,  324,  320  and  328, 
were  covered  with  flags  and  streamers,  and  filled  Avith  ladies. 
The  occupants  of  the  fine  l)lock  on  the  south  easterly  corner  of 
Washington  street  and  Indiana  place,  did  well  their  part. 
Upon  an  American  flag  across  the  street,  in  front  of  the  huilu- 
iiig,  was  the  noble  inscription  : — 

'■THE    UNION    NOW    AND    FOREVER,    ONE    AND    INSEPARABLE." 

and  along  the  balustrade, 

THE  UNION   AND  THE  CONSTITUTION,  THE  TWO  fiREAT  LIGHTS 
IN-    THE    AMERICAN  FIRMAMENT. 


120 


Over  the  entrance  to  Orange  street,  was  a  very  happy 
design.  An  iron  arcli  was  prettily  trimmed  with  the  Ameri- 
can flag  and  streamers.  Beneath  the  crown  of  the  arch  was 
a  shield,  surmounted  by  a  small  gilt  eagle.  Underneath  was 
the  inscription, 

A  HF.ARTY  WELCOME  TO  ALL. 

On  the  right,  surrounded  by  stars  : 

"  UNITED    WE    STAND." 

On  the  left : 

PEACE. 

The  building  on  the  corner  of  Castle  street,  was  very  pret- 
tily festooned — as  were  also  Nos.  665  end  667. 


DOVER  STREET. 

Dover  street  far  eclipsed  all  others  in  the  beauty  and  extent 
of  its  decorations.  Along  its  entire  length,  on  both  sides,  the 
buildings  were  hung  with  streamers,  grouped  together  with 
rosettes  and  wreaths  of  flowers  and  evergreens — while  from 
the  windows  and  across  the  street  were  thrown  out  innumer- 
able flags  of  various  nations,  at  short  intervals  between  which, 
mottoes  were  suspended.  The  first  one,  near  the  head  of  the 
street,  was 

WELCOME  !    PRESIDENT    FILLMORE. 

On  each  side  of  this,  were  the  American  and  English  flags. 
Along  the  balustrade  of  the  handsome  block  of  swelled 
front  buildings,  on  the  right  hand  side,  were  the  names  of 
the  Presidents,  from  Washington  to  Taylor,  in  ornamented 
letters.  Directly  over  the  entrance  to  No.  80,  between  the 
names  of  J.  Q..  Adams,  and  Monroe,  was  the  inscription  : — 

RAILROADS    MAKE    US    ONE. 

Over  the  entrance  to  No.  82,  was  inscribed, 

"  THE  UNION  FOREVER." 

In  front  of  No.  73,  opposite,  was  displayed  the  motto, 

OUR   GUESTS   FROM   TUE   liRITISII   SOIL. 

WE    BID   THEM   WELCOME 

TO    YANKEE   LAXr>. 


121 


and  from  a  window  a  medallion  bust  of  Fillmore,  surrounded 
by  a  wreath  of  flowers.  The  second  display  across  the  street 
consisted  of  a  representation  of  a  steam  engine,  under  full 
headway,  around  which  were  the  following  inscriptions. 

On  the  right : — 

THE    GREAT   PEACE   MAKER. 

On  the  left  :— 

STEAM   POWER,    ONE   OF   THE    POWERS   THAT  BE. 

Underneath  : — 

THOMAS    BLAXCHARD    BUILT  A   STEAM   CARRIAGE    1825. 
PETITION   FOR   A   RAILROAD    1826.      THE   FIRST   IN   AMERICA. 

In  front  of  No.  69,  was  displayed  the  honored  name  of 

LAFAYETTE. 

On  the  end  of  the  building  at  the  corner  of  South  Suffolk 
street,  were  suspended  in  gilt  letters,  in  the  form  of  an  arch, 
the  words, — 

LIVERPOOL,   HALIFAX,    BOSTON. 

Just  below  Suffolk  street,  across  Dover  street,  were  full- 
length  portraits  of  President  Fillmore  and  Lord  Elgin  shaking 
hands,  and  underneath,  this  inscription  : — 

"Now  let  us  haste  these  bonds  to  knit, 

And  in  the  work  be  handy, 
That  we  may  blend  '  God  save  the  Queen,' 

With  'Yankee  Doodle  Dandy!'" 

On  the  right  of  the  President  was  the  American  eagle  sur- 
rounded by  gilt  stars,  and  surmounted  by  the  word, — 

FULTON. 

And  on  the  left  of  Lord  Elgin,  the  Lion  and  Unicorn,  sur- 
mounted with  the  name  of, — 

WATT. 

The  other  banners  across  the  street  were  as  follows : — 

WELCOME   TO   OUR   GUESTS  FROM  THE  BRITISH  PROVINCES  ANIX  OUR 

SISTER    STATES. 

16 


'4  it 


A  chain  of  three  links  was  surrounded  by  the  words, 

MONTREAL,   ROSTON   AND   HALIFAX. 

Other  flags  bore  the  mottoes  : 

COMMERCE. 

AGRICULTURE. 

JIECHAXIC   ARTS. 

CUNARD. 

And  on  the  last  was  a  representation  of  the  cities  of  Mon- 
treal and  Boston,  with  this  inscription  : — 

MONTREAL  AND  BOSTON — UNITED  WE  PROSPER. 

Along  the  right  side  of  the  street,  below  Suffolk  street, 
were  the  names  of  Franklin  and  the  several  Mayors  of 
the  city — Phillips,  Quincy,  Otis,  Wells,  Lyman,  Armstrong, 
Eliot,  Chapman,  Brimmer,  Davis,  Q,uincy,  Jr.,  and  Bige- 
Low.  Across  Emerald  street  was  erected  a  large  platform, 
covered  with  the  American  and  British  flags,  and  on  which 
were  thirty-three  beautiful  girls,  thirty-one  of  whom  were 
dressed  in  white,  and  had  upon  their  heads  wreaths  of  splendid 
flowers.  They  were  intended  to  represent  the  different 
States,  and  each  wore  a  sash  with  the  name  of  the  State 
which  she  represented  upon  it.  Each  bore  also  in  her  right 
hand  a  small  American  flag.  In  the  centre  of  these  young 
ladies  was  a  fair  daughter  of  our  city,  dressed  in  regal  style, 
and  wearing  upon  her  head  a  golden  crown,  the  front  of 
which  sparkled  with  diamonds.  She  was  intended  to  per- 
sonate Queen  Victoria.  On  the  extreme  right  of  the  platform 
was  a  young  lady  who  personated  Massachusetts.  The 
whole  affair  was  most  tastefully  arranged,  and  presented  a 
beautiful  appearance.  The  young  ladies  upon  the  platform 
were  all  residents  of  Dover  street,  and,  most  of  them,  pupils 
of  the  Franklin  School. 

As  the  carriages  which  contained  the  members  of  the  Cabi- 
net and  Lord  Elgin  successively  approached  the  j)latform, 
the  young  ladies  commenced  singing  the  beautiful  song 
*'  New  Ensl?"  d.'"  and  continued  to  do  so  until  the  carriascs 


igin. 


123 


were  directly  in  front,  when  Miss  Carey,  who  personated  the 
Uiiceu,  descended  from  the  platform,  and,  escorted  by  Mr. 
John  I).  Pliilbrick,  the  master  of  the  Uuincy  School,  pro- 
ceeded to  tiic  carriage  appropriated  to  the  President  and  his 
Cabinet.  She  held  in  her  hand  a  beautiful  bouquet,  which 
slio  hud  designed  to  present  to  the  President, — but,  in  his 
absence,  Mr.  Secretary  Stuart  rose  to  receive  it.  She  accom- 
j)anied  the  olfering  of  the  bouquet  with  the  following  appro- 
priate remarks :  — 

"  Mr.  PiiESIDENT, — 

"  I  am  happy  to  meet  you  under  circumstances  which  exhibit 
in  so  striking  a  manner  the  prosperity  and  happiness  of  your 
country,  and  the  harmony  and  good  feeling  which  exist  among 
tlic  people  of  the  nation  over  whose  interests  you  preside." 

To  this  Mr.  Secretary  Stuart  replied  :  — 

"  I  am  very  happy  to  receive  this  beautiful  bouquet  in  the 
name  of  the  President.  We  regret  exceedingly  that  he  is  not 
here  in  person  to  receive  it." 

The  "  Q,ueen"  returned  to  her  place,  and  then  Miss  Paxton, 
representing  Massachusetts,  was  escorted  to  the  carriage 
containing  Lord  Elgin,  to  whom  she  presented  a  fine  bouquet, 
with  this  address  :  — 

"  Massachusetts  welcomes  to  the  hospitality  of  her  metropolis, 
with  cordial  salutation,  the  distinguished  Chief  Magistrate  of  Her 
Majesty's  Provinces  in  North  America." 

To  this  his  Lordship  replied  in  substance  as  follows :  — 

"  I  shall  preserve  this  as  a  token  of  the  kindness  and  hospi- 
tality of  the  State  of  Massachusetts  and  the  city  of  33oston." 

Loud  cheers  were  then  given  for  Q-ueen  Victoria,  for  Lord 
Elgin,  and  for  the  Canadas.  In  response,  the  Viceroy  called 
for  cheers  for  the  President  and  for  Massachusetts.  Other 
cheers  followed  for  Mr.  Webster  and  others.  A  little  further 
on,  Lord  Elg'.i,  holding  up  his  beautiful  bouquet  to  the 
crowd  iuound  him,  said  : — 


^i 

^ 


I 


VJi 


W'. 


"  I  received  this  from  a  fair  representative  of  the  State  of 
Massachusetts,  and  shall  keep  it  as  a  memorial  of  her." 

This  pleasing  incident  of  .the  procession  will  not  soon  be 
forgotten  by  those  Avho  witnessed  it. 

In  front  of  No.  33  was  tiie  inscription : — 

Bless  the  Powkr  that  has  made  and  i'keserved  us  a 

Nation. 

A  very  neat  steel  engraving  of  Lord  Elgin  was  suspended 
over  the  entrance  to  this  building.  Over  the  entrance  to  No. 
26,  was  a  banner  with  the  inscription : — 

"  Knowledge  is  Poweh." 

In  front  of  No.  23,  was  the  motto  : — 

"  The  Schoolj[aster  is  Abroad." 

The  brick  block  Nos.  G,  fS,  10  and  12,  looked  very  finely. 
Along  the  balustrade  in  front  were  the  words : — 

Britannia  and  Columuia. 

Perhaps  no  part  of  the  city  presented  at  any  time  a  more 
beautiful  and  animating  sight  than,  that  which  delighted  the 
eye,  as  the  procession  was  moving  through  Dover  street ;  nor 
was  the  hospitality  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  street,  so  far  as 
there  was  opportunity  of  exercising  it,  less  striking. 


TIIEMONT    street. 

From  the  corner  of  Dourer  street  to  the  Johnson  School 
House  there  were  no  very  conspicuous  decorations,  though 
there  was  the  usual  number  and  v^ariety  of  flags.  At  the 
Johnson  School  House,  however,  a  very  attractive  scene  was 
presented. 

In  consequence  of  the  tender  age  of  the  pupils  belonging 
to  the  Primary  Schools,  they  took  no  public  part  in  the  cele- 
bration. But  the  public  spirit  of  Dr.  J.  Odin,  the  Chairman 
of  District  No.  13,  had  caused  a  platform  to  be  erected  over 


V2o 


the  area  in  front  ot*  the  uliDve  named  scliool  house,  upon 
which  woro  arrayed  two  or  three  hundred  of  the  Primary 
School  children  of  that  District,  from  four  to  eight  years  of 
age,  accompanied  by  their  teachers.  The  platform  was 
liuiidsomcly  ornamented,  and  directly  behind  the  children 
was  a  line  of  Hags,  bearing  the  words  : — 

Welcomi:  !  OUR  President! 

Along  'be  front  of  the  fence  was  the  inscription,  in  large 
letters : — 

Primarv  Schools. 
On  the  right, 

No.  OF  Schools,  189. 
On  the  left, 

No.  of  Pupils,  12,110. 

And  over  the  children. 

Here  are  our  Jewels. 

One  of  the  boys  h.eld  a  banner,  on  whicli  was  inscribed : — ^ 

"  Tall  oaks  from  little  acorns  grow." 

When  the  carriage  which  contained  Secretaries  Stewart 
and  Conrad  came  opposite  this  point,  a  little  girl  was  carried 
to  it  in  the  arms  of  a  gentleman,  and  presented  to  Secre- 
tary Stewart  a  beautiful  bouquet,  saying  to  him  : — 

"Will  \ou,  Sir,  request  the  President  to  accept  this  bouquet 
from  the  Primary  School  children  of  Boston  Y  " 

The  Secretary,  in  the  kindest  manner,  and  with  that 
benignity  which  won  all  hearts  while  he  was  here,  assured 
he:  that  he  would. 

As  the  carriage  of  the  Earl  passed  this  point,  the  same 
little  girl,  with  childlike  courtesy,  presented  him,  too,  with 
a  bouquet,  as  an  offering  from  her  little  companions.  His 
Lordship  received  the  blushing  child  with  a  fatherly  kind- 
ness which  it  is  hoped  she  may  long  live  to  remember. 


I  ii! 


im 


\^i 


U6 


in  front  of  the  WiiUhrop  House,  and  overhanging   the 

street,  vas  a  large  map  of  the  United  States  and  the  Canadas, 

in  tiie  upper  corners  of  which  were  interwoven  the  Union 

Jack-  and  the  Stars  and  Stripes.     On  the  map  were  these 

inscriptions : — 

Thk  Canadas. 

(A  pair  of  hands  inter! oclced.) 

Al;d, 

The  United  States  of  America, 
From  Ocean's  Wave  to  Ocean's  Wave. 

Perpetual  Peace  and  Friendship. 

This  was  alirnst  the  hxst  of  the  prominent  decorations  With 
which  tlic  buildings  along  the  whole  route  of  the  procession 
hud  been  so  liberally  provided,  and  which  contributed  so 
materially  to  throw  over  the  whole  scene  an  air  of  gaiety 
and  beauty,  constituting  its  peculiar  attraction. 

On  reaching  the  foot  of  Park  street,  the  procession  turned 
into  the  Mall,  and  passed  through  the  lon^  files  of  children 
extending  the  w'^ole  length  of  the  Malls  on  Park,  Beacon 
and  Charles  streets,  to  the  Boylston  street  gate,  where  it 
passed  out  and  was  dismissed. 

Through  the  efficient  and  cheerful  co-operation  of  the  mas- 
ters and  i)upils  of  the  schools,  the  arrangements  of  the  Com- 
mittee of  the  School  Board  were  carried  out  with  eminent 
success ;  and  a  delegation  of  about  five  thousand  pupils  of 
both  sexes  were  presented  to  the  view  of  the  guests  of  the 
city,  as  the  representatives  of  nearly  twenty-five  thousand 
in  the  Public  Schools  of  Boston. 

The  appearance  of  this  array  of  intelligent  and  happy 
boys  and  girls,  extending  more  than  a  mile,  could  not  fail  to 
make,  upon  every  reflecting  mind,  a  deep  and  most  delightful 
impression.  Here,  by  the  pupils  of  her  Free  Schools,  was 
represented  the  chief  glory  of  the  city.  Here  were  some  of 
the  fruits  of  that  system  which,  from  the  earliest  period 
of  her  settlement,  has  ever  been,  as  now,  the  chief  object  of 
her  fostering  care  ;  which  has  given  to  her  enterprise  and 
industry,  success  and  prosperity,  and  crowned  her  with  a 


127 


ii.amp,  of  which  shti  nip.y  well  be  proud.  So  long  as  this 
namo  shall  cniitiiiiio  to  bo  rlpserved,  and  this  u;l()ry  ri'jjitly 
claimed, — so  long  may  hor  sons  ropoat,  in  faitli  and  hope, 
tlio  prayer  engraved  on  the  City's  seal — "  Sicit  l*ATaiiiir3 
SIT  Del'8  nobis." 

The  enthusiasm  with  which  the  distinguished  guests  of 
the  city  were  received  by  this  portion  of  the  "  Standing 
Army"  of  New  England,  excited,  in  a  high  degree,  their 
surprise  and  wonder,  and  called  from  them  frecpient  and 
strong  expressions  of  gratification  at  this  peculiar  and  beau- 
tiful feature  in  their  reception. 

To  Lord  Elgin  and  his  Suite,  and  to  the  members  of  the 
United  States'  Government,  as  they  passed  through  the  line, 
offerings  of  ilowers  were  made  by  the  young  misses  rcjire- 
senting  the  first  classes  of  many  of  the  schools ;  while  the 
boys,  by  their  animated  looks  and  hearty  cheers,  gave  abun- 
dant testimony  of  the  warmth  of  their  feelings,  and  of  the 
pleasiu'e  they  took  in  uniting  their  voices  to  the  general 
welcome,  and  in  offering  their  tokens  of  honor  and  respect 
to  those  whom  their  fathers  had  so  cordially  received. 

As  her  system  of  public  instruction  has  ever  been  con- 
sidered as  the  foundation  of  the  prosperity  of  the  city,  and 
as  giving  life,  energy  and  direction  to  all  the  industrial 
pursuits  of  her  people,  there  would  seem  to  be  a  peculiar 
appropriateness  in  introducing,  in  this  connection,  some 
account  of  the  exhibition,  made  by  her  artizans,  of  the  pro- 
ducts of  their  labor  and  skill, — an  exhibition  which  consti- 
tuted the  most  prominent,  as  well  as  the  most  attractive, 
feature  of  the  procession.  But  of  the  character  of  the  dis- 
play mention  has  already  been  made,  though  no  notice  was 
taken  of  the  fact,  which  should  not  be  overlooked,  that  only 
about  ten  days  had  elapsed  from  the  time  when  it  was  decided 
that  such  a  display  should  be  made,  and  the  preparations  for 
it  were  begun,  to  the  day  when  all  things  were  in  readiness 
for  the  procession.  Had  more  time  been  taken,  the  beauty 
and  variety  of  the  exhibition — beautiful  and  varied  as  it  was — 
would,  probably,  have  been  greatly  increased. 

It   will    readily   be    conceived    that   any   account    which 


1'2S 


should  be  drawn  up  during  the  march  of  the  procosoioii,must 
bo  exceedingly  iniporroct ;  juhI  yet,  ui)on  sucli,  cliiefly,  is  tlio 
following  descii]»tiitu  Ijascd.  In  the  htu'ry  and  confusion 
incident  to  fnwli  an  occasion,  many  e\hihilions  were  but 
siiglitly  noticed,  and  some  not  even  mentioned.  'Vo  supply 
these  deficiencies,  and  to  ensure,  if  possible,  a  full  and  accu- 
rate description,  notice  was  given,  through  the  public  })apers, 
of  the  desire  of  the  City  Government  that,  in  the  ofiicial 
account  of  the  Celebration,  this  feature  of  it  should  be 
l)rominently  noticed,  and  inviting  those  interested  to  fur- 
nish all  such  information  as  they  might  j)osscss  which  would 
conduce  to  this  end.  In  consetpience  of  this  call,  several 
valuable  communications  were  received,  which  have  aided 
much  in  giving  fulness  to  the  description;  yet,  with  all 
these  aids,  and  with  all  the  etlbrt  that  has  been  made  to 
render  it  in  some  measure  worthy  of  the  reality,  it  is  still  by 
no  means  such  as  the  beauty  and  magnittide  of  the  display — 
so  honorable  alike  to  the  mechanics  and  the  city — ^justly 
demanded. 

To  those  who  were  the  delighted  spectators  of  the  "  Pro- 
cession of  Trades,"  the  inadequacy  of  the  following  account 
will  be  readily  apparent;  to  others,  it  may  serve  to  convey 
some,  though  at  best  but  a  faint,  idea  of  its  most  striking 
features. 

This  Division  o*"  the  procession  consisted  of  r.bout  fifty 
Sections,  each  represent'ng  some  particular  branch  of  indus- 
try. The  position  of  each  Section  in  the  line  was  deter- 
mined by  lot,  and  many  of  them  were  under  the  direction 
of  marshals  of  their  own  choice.  The  whole  Division  was 
under  the  direction  of 

Granvillf  Mears,  Esq.,  Chief  Marshal. 


Aids. 

Joseph  M.  Wight  man, 
F.cderic  W.  Lincoln,  Jr., 
J.  W.  Leavitt, 
John  P.  Ober,  Jr., 


Aids. 

H.  J.  Richardson, 
F.  W.  Winship, 
J.  W.  Bradford. 


120 


At  tlio  Imnd  of  the  "exposition''  of  the  Timlos  wns  a  fino 
model,  in  plaster,  of  Stephenson's  "  Wounded  Indian,"  borno 
on  an  appropriately  decorated  platfurtn ;  after  which  fol- 
lowed, in  tin  order  of  the  jirogranitne,  as  establisiied  by  lot, 
niannfactmei's  of  the  following  aaicles: 

STKKL    THAI'S    AM)    WltCUOIlT    IFiOX    IIINOES. 

Fifteen  dillercnt  patterns  of  stocl  traps,  and  as  many  varie- 
ties of  wrought  iron  hinges,  were  shown  by  Mr.  J.  Watkins, 
of  Roxbury. 

TUUN'KS,   IIARNKSSKS    AND    SADnr/.'':UY, 

Mr.  II.  Cross,  of  this  city,  had  a  wagon  filled  with  fine 
specimens  of  saddlery.  Heavy  festoons  of  white  and  red, 
from  the  top  of  his  vehicle,  had  a  pleasing  effect.  Mr.  E.  A. 
G.  Ronlstono  had  a  similar  display.  His  wagon  was  draped 
with  the  American  colors.  A  display  from  Mr.  Baker's  sad- 
dlery store,  in  Court  street,  was  noticed  as  exceedingly  neat 
and  tasteful. 

nUONZR    AND    ORNAMKNTAL    lUON    AVOKK. 

In  bronze  and  ornamental  iron  work,  the  specimens  of 
Chase  I'rothers  &  Co.  attracted  particular  attention.  In  the 
front,  the  bronzed  sleeping  lions,  which  were  most  admirably 
designed,  were  much  admired.  Between  and  over  these 
stood  a  silver  eagle,  with  extended  wings,  grasping  a  golden 
globe  in  his  talons.  A  rich  and  heavy  roll  of  evergreens, 
with  flowers  inter  wreathed,  was  suspended  over  them ;  and, 
on  an  arch  above,  were  the  words — 

WE   ARE    NEIGDIJORS    AND    FRIENDS. 

Our  national  banner,  and  the  red  cross  of  St.  George, 
floated  above  the  whole.  Amongst  the  various  objects  of 
interest,  was  a  metallic  cast  of  a  Newfoundland  dog.  On  the 
end  of  the  wagon,  was  the  motto — 

"I'AX    KT   AMICITIA    IN    PRRPETUO  !  " 


HATTERS. 

The  journeymen  hatters  made  a  fine  display  in  a  large 
wagon,  (furnished  by  Gilson  <fc  Evans,)  which  bore  a  neat 


130 


shop,  in  full  operation,  and  presenting  a  busy  appearance — 
several  girls  taking  a  prominent  part  in  the  work.  The 
procession  which  followed  was  a  very  full  one,  and  bore  a 
banner,  inscribed  with  the  words — 

THE   HATTERS. 
BOSTOX,    SEPTEMBKR    19tH,    1851. 

On  the  reverse — 

"WE  CROWN  the  heads  OF  THE  SOVEREIGN  PEOPLE. 

TURNERS. 

Messrs.  Coolidge  &  Moore,  No.  15  Hawley  street,  furnished 
a  car,  containing  a  turning  lathe  and  fret  sawing  machine  in 
operation.  The  car  was  inclosed  by  a  turned  railing,  and 
otherwise  decorated  with  many  handsome  articles  peculiar  to 
the  craft. 

INDIA   RUBBER    GOODS. 

George  H.  Hale  &  Co.,  of  Bromfield  street,  exhibited  speci- 
mens of  the  almost  endless  variety  of  rubber  goods  manu- 
factured by  them ;  among  which  were  machine  banding, 
every  description  of  M'ater-proof  clothing,  air  pillows,  life 
preservers,  sub-marine  dresses,  gun  cases,  and  drinking  cups. 
Their  articles  were  well  arranged,  and  shoAvcd  to  mrch 
advantage ;  giving  new  evidence,  if  that  were  wanted,  of 
the  numberless  uses  to  which  india  rubber  is  now  applied. 

EXPRESS    MEN. 

The  exhibition  made  by  the  Express  men  was  as  attractive 
as  it  was  unexpected,  and  furnished  a  striking  illustration  oi" 
the  extent  to  which  their  business  is  carried.  Their  sub- 
stantial but  handsome  wagons  were  drawn  by  noble  looking 
horses  in  elegant  harnesses,  and  were  filled  with  boxes,  bales 
and  parcels,  so  arranged  as  to  indicate,  by  their  conspicu- 
ously written  directions,  the  prominent  places  in  the  route  of 
each  Express.  The  Expresses  represented  were  Adams  &> 
Co.'s,  with  boxes  marked  "  San  Francisco,  California,"  "  Phil- 
adelphia," «fcc. ;  Plarnden's ;  Kinsley  6^  Co.'s ;  Thompson  &- 
Co.'s  Western  Express,  with  boxes  and  bundles  marked 
"Albany,"   "Buffalo,"   &c. ;  Leonard's  Worcester  Express; 


131 

Longley  &,  Co.'s  Eastern  Express,  with  packages  marked 
"Portland;"  and  Carpenter  &  Co.'s,  and  Hodgman  &  Co.'s, 
with  wagons  filled  with  freight  for  places  on  the  Kennebec 
and  Penobscot  rivers.  Harnden's  Express  displayed  a  banner, 
with  tlie  words — 

THE   FIRST   EXPRESS   IN    AMERICA; 

it  having  been  established,  in  1834,  by  the  late  William  H. 
Harnden,  Esq.,  the  enterprising  pioneer  of  the  present  system 
of  Expresses. 

IRON   riPES. 

The  iron  pipes,  though  not  so  attractive  as  the  other  parts 
of  the  array,  were  felt  to  represent  no  unimportant  part  of 
our  industrial  interests. 

CARRIAGE    MAKERS. 

The  carriage-makers  of  the  city  proper  avoided  a  competi- 
tion with  their  neighbors,  the  craft  being  entirely  represented 
by  Messrs.  Frye,  Brainard  and  RowcU,  of  South  Boston. 
The  work  exhibited  was  of  a  high  order  of  excellence,  and  a 
band  of  hardy  workmen  spoke  well  for  that  part  of  the  city. 

RIGGERS. 

The  riggers  were  preceded  by  an  open  carriage,  bearing 
Mr.  Edward  Carnes,  the  oldest  master  rigger  in  Boston.  He 
bore  a  flag  which  was  unfurled  when  Washington  visited  the 
city  in  1789.  Mr.  James  A.  White,  wiio  has  long  been  fa- 
vorably known  wherever  Boston  canvas  is  spread  to  the  wind, 
acted  as  marshal  to  the  procession  of  athletic  men  which  fol- 
lowed, assisted  by  Joseph  I.  McCIennan  and  Robert  Smith,  as 
aids.  A  fine  model  of  a  man-of-war,  commanded  by  A.  K. 
Bryer  as  Captain,  aided  by  John  Hammond,  Samuel  Myrick 
and  Henry  Lewis,  as  first,  second  and  third  mates,  and  drawn 
by  five  horses,  accompanied  them. 

MUSEUM. 

The  Boston  Museum  gave  the  long  line  of  people  a  chance 
"  to  see  the  elephant,"  attended  by  Malays.  But  as  "  good 
Avine  needs  no  bush,"  the  managers  of  the  institution  probably 
thought  it  unnecessary  to  show  what  they  could  do  "  upon  a 
pinch." 


il 


"k'i 


i|.l! 
** 


i!!, 


132 


BAKKUS. 

Two  most  substantial  loads  ot  ilour  from  the  East  Boston 
Steam  Mills  followed,  affording  a  striking  illustration  of  the 
benefits  to  be  derived  from  the  completion  of  the  lines  of  road 
on  account  of  which  the  celebration  was  instituted. 

The  first  was  a  plain  express  wagon,  with  ten  barrels  of 
flour,  and  supporting  a  staff  twelve  feet  long,  surmounted  with 
a  plain  gilt  eagle  and  a  white  and  buff  banner,  bearing  the 
following  inscription : — 

\Vj:3ti:ux  Virginia  Flour,  via 

Ohio  River,  Great  Lakes,  Ogdexsburu  axd  Vermont 

Railroads. 

772    BARRELS   from    ONE    MILL — CONSIGNED    :'0 

Lyman  Reed  &  Co.,  Boston. 
Distance  of  transportation,  -        -        1000  miles. 

TlmE    of   transportation,  .  -  _  12    DAYS. 

Freight  per  barrel  $1.05  froji  the  Ohio  River  to  Boston. 

On  the  reverse  side  was  the  following : 

"  Extract  from  the  First  Report  in  relation  to  a  Railroad 
from  Boston  to  Ogdensburg,  dated  February  9,  1830  : — 

'  We  consider  Works  of  Internal  Improvement  of  the  utmost 
importance  to  the  prosperity  and  permanency  of  the  Union. 

We  deem  the  subject  of  Railroads  of  vital  importance. 

The  Committee  are  of  opinion  that  a  Railroad  to  connect  the 
Western  Lakes  "Nvith  the  Atlantic  cannot  be  constructed  on  any 
location  where  it  will  afford  more  advantages  to  the  inhabitants  of 
New  England  and  the  Nation  j^enerally,  than  from  Boston,  Mass., 
to  Ogdensburg,  Ni  w  York.     Therefore, 

Resolved,  That  the  public  good  requires  vigorous  and  perse- 
vering efforts  on  the  part  of  all  intelligent  and  public-spirited 
individuals,  until  by  the  enterprise  of  individuals,  the  co-operation 
of  State  Legislatures,  or  the  aid  of  the  General  Government,  the 
survey  and  completion  of  a  route  is  established  for  a  National 
Railroad  from  the  seaboard  at  Boston,  through  Lowell,  Mass., 
Concord,  in  New  Hampshire,  rnd  thence  by  the  most  convenient 
route  through  the  valley  of  Onion  River  to  Lake  Champlain,  and 
thence  to  the  waters  of  Lake  ( )ntario  at  Ogdensburg,  New  York. 

Lyman  Reed,     J 
E.  P.  Walton,  [  Committee.' " 
S.  Baldwin,      ) 


133 


Following  this  banner  was  a  *'  Boston  Truck,"  containing 

the  usual  load  of  twenty  barrels  of  the  same  article,  drawn  by 

two  horses,  and  with  a  white  banner  attached  to  it.  on  which 

was  inscribed — 

Buchanan's  Extka  Flour, 

FUOM 

Wellsuurg,  Western  Virginia. 

The  above  was  brought  into  the  procession  at  the  particular 
request  of  the  Railroad  Committee  of  the  City  Government, 
with  a  view  to  show  some  of  the  fruits  already  resulting 
from  the  new  railroad  communications  Wx.li  the  Great  West, 
to  produce  some  evidence  and  some  facts  on  the  subject  of 
transportation  entirely  unknown  to  many  persons  here  and 
at  the  West,  and  to  show  in  some  degree  what  may  be  ex- 
pected hereafter. 

Closely  following  were  machines  for  making  crackers, 
which  were  in  successful  operation,  and  very  pleasantly  aston- 
ished the  crowd  by  the  neatness  and  expedition  with  which 
they  performed  their  work. 

HASONS,   CARPENTERS   AND    HOUSE    PAINTEFd. 

The  only  display  under  this  head  was  that  made  by  Messrs. 
Baker,  Perry  &  Co.,  No.  613  Washington  street,  who  exhib- 
ited numerous  specimens  of  their  work,  arranged  on  a  plat- 
form, in  the  form  of  a  building,  12  feet  by  7,  at  each  gable  of 
which  was  a  staff  bearing  the  American  flag. 

The  roof  of  the  house  was  formed  of  blinds ;  the  sides 
were  made  oi  doors,  blinds  and  sashes,  of  various  forms,  and 
of  the  finest  workmanship  and  materials.  Inside  were  seen 
bundles  of  stair  balusters,  a  glazier's  easel,  and  other  like  arti- 
cles— while  two  men  weic  actively  at  work,  glazing  sashes. 

The  sashes,  glazed  with  plate  glass,  were  of  cherry  wood  ; 
the  doors  and  other  articles  of  Eastern  pine  ;  and  all  Averc 
admirable  specimens  of  the  perfection  to  which  American 
machine  work  has  been  brought. 

I'.KLLOWS  MAKERS 

Messrs.  Holden  &  Barnum  placed  in  the  procession  a  mam- 


134 


moth  pair  of  Lillie's  patent  double-acting  Bellows,  so  con- 
structed that,  at  every  stroke  of  the  handle,  it  fills  and  dis- 
charges itself  twice,  giving  at  the  same  time  great  uniformity 
of  blast.     Upon  this  was  the  inscription — 

"A   NEW  WAY   TO    RAISK    THE  WIND." 

CAUIXET    MAKERS,    UPHOLSTERERS, 
PAriER   MACIIE    AND    SCHOOL    FURNITURE. 

The  display  in  this  department  was  really  magnificent,  and 
it  is  much  to  bo  regretted  that  no  materials  for  a  fuller  descrip- 
tion have  been  furnished. 

E.  A.  &  G.  T.  Smallwood,  corner  of  Beach  and  Lincoln 
streets,  sent  from  their  establishment  beautiful  specimens  of 
Sofas  and  Chairs,  some  of  which  were  finished  and  some  un- 
finished. An  arch,  erected  in  the  front  part  of  the  platform, 
was  surmounted  by  a  gilt  eagle  resting  upon  a  globe.  The 
carriage  was  drawn  by  four  horses. 

Stephen  Smith,  No.  49  Cornhill,  exhibited  three  splendid 
desks  for  ofxlces.  Clerks  were  sitting  at  them,  and  were 
busily  engaged  Avith  day-book  and  ledger. 

John  Putnam,  No.  404  Washington  street,  exhibiced  one  of 
his  best  black  walnut  spiral  spring  bedsteads. 

Bowler  &  Co.,  papier  mache  manufacturers.  No.  8  Somer- 
set street,  had  in  the  procession  a  finely  carved  and  highly 
finished  book-case.  The  carriage  on  which  it  was  borne  had 
the  motto, 

"PROTECTION   TO    MANUFACTURERS." 

J.  J.  Haley,  Fulton  street,  exhibited  a  complete  set  of  orna- 
mental chamber  furniture,  adorned  with  flower  work,  and 
representations  of  fountains  and  birds. 

This  chamber  set  has  been  pronounced  by  good  judges  to 
be  as  beautiful  as  any  ever  exhibited  in  Boston.  The  carriage 
was  tastefully  trimmed  with  drapery  and  festoons  of  ever- 
green, and  bore  on  the  banner  in  front  the  motto — 

"there's   no    such   word   A3   CAN't." 

A.  11.  Allen,  No.  2  Dock  square,  had  specimens  of  hi? 
parlor  furniture,  which  made  a  most  beautiful  appearance. 


1 


35 


In  front  was  a  set  of  windows,  hung  with  the  richest  window 
drapery. 

A  number  of  settees  were  exhibited  from  the  establishment 
of  W.  O.  Haskell,  Mo.  66  Commercial  street.  The  carriage 
on  which  they  were  borne  had  the  motto, 

SIT    AT    EASE. 

There  was  a  fine  show  of  school  furniture  from  the  estab- 
lishment of  J.  L.  Ross.  The  desks  were  arranged  as  nicely 
as  though  they  v/ere  in  the  school-room,  and  were  occupied 
by  twelve  scholars  and  two  teachers  of  the  Hancock  School. 
This  carriage  attracted  great  attention,  and  bore  for  a  motto, 

"FUEE    SCHOOLS — THE   HOPE    OF    A   FREE   PEOPLE." 
COPPER   PLATE   PRINTERS. 

Messrs.  E.  H.  Ball,  No.  116,  and  Luther  Stevens,  No.  186 
Washington  street,  placed  in  the  procession  a  copperplate 
press,  upon  one  side  of  which  was  a  beautiful  engraving  of 
female  figures,  while  above  was  inscribed  the  motto,  "  The 
Union,  the  Philadelphia  Art-Union,  and  all  Unions  which 
promote  the  success  of  the  Arts  blending  the  Ornamental  with 
the  Useful."  Upon  the  opposite  side  was  one  of  the  recently 
issudd  copperplate  engravings  of  Daniel  Webster,  over  which 
was  inscribed  his  memorable  expression,  "Liberty  and  Union, 
now  and  forever,  one  and  inseparable."  A  wagon  accom- 
panied the  above,  with  a  press  in  working  order,  from  which 
was  struck  off  some  specimens  of  their  work.  The  banner 
over  this  press  bore  the  motto, 

"THE    ILLUSTRATION'    OF   ALL    THE    ARTS." 
FIRE    ENGINES. 

A  finely  finished  and  beautifully  decorated  fire  engine  from 
the  celebrated  establishment  of  Hunneman  &:.  Co.,  was  placed 
in  the  procession,  and  attracted  much  attention. 

PRINTERS. 

C.  C.  p.  Moody,  of  the  old  Dickinson  establishment,  had  a 
printing  press  arranged  on  a  large  wagon,  drawn  by  four 
horses,  and  with  workmen  upon  it,  busily  engaged  in  striking 
otr  hand-bills  of  the  Oak  Hall  clothing  warehouse. 


■   i  Mi  I 

m 


130 


GeovGfG  K.  Snow,  of  the  Pathfinder  printint^  establishment, 
No.  5  Washington  street,  exliibited  two  Book  and  Newspaper 
Foldin<?  Macliines,  a  new  and  very  ingenious  invention  of 
his  own. 

About  ten  thousand  copies  of  a  paper  prepared  for  the  occa- 
sion, called  the  "  Jubilee  Pathfinder,"  were  distributed  on 
the  route. 

The  "  Carpet-Bag  "  was  visible  in  the  procession,  and  did  its 
part  to  amuse  the  spectators.  An  immense  picture,  designed  ex- 
pressly for  the  occasion,  by  Mr.  Sheutz,  and  painted  on  canvas, 
was  borne  in  front  of  the  wagon,  and  elicited  much  commen- 
dation. In  the  upper  part  of  the  picture,  and  crowned  by  the 
Eagle  and  the  Lion,  was  a  medallion,  illustrative  of  the  bellig- 
erant  feelings  of  England  and  the  United  States  towards  each 
other  thirty  years  ago.  Upon  the  right  side  of  this,  was  seen 
a  stage  coach  crowded  to  suffocation,  and  a  heavily  loaded 
baggage  wagon,  both  fast  in  the  mud  ;  on  the  left,  a  stage 
ascending  a  New  Hampshire  or  Vermont  hillock,  the  passen- 
gers all  on  foot  toiling  up  the  steep  ascent  ;  and  in  pleasant 
proximity,  a  break-down,  with  an  intimation,  per  guide-board, 
that  Worcester  was  ten  miles  distant. 

The  lower  division  of  the  picture  embraced  a  distant  view 
of  Ciuebec  on  the  right,  with  a  formidable  array  of  the 
"wooden  walls"  of  old  England  before  the  city,  and  on 
the  left  our  own  capitol  at  Washington,  occupied  the  corres- 
ponding position,  while  the  two  were  connected  by  a  long 
railway  train,  speeding  on  amid  throngs  of  happy  people,  who 
were  giving  vent  to  their  joy  by  cheers.  Steamships,  flags  and 
guns,  made  up  the  rest  of  this  display  of  joy,  while  on  the  me- 
dallion in  the  centre  was  represented  John  Bull  and  his  recon- 
ciled relative,  rushing  to  embrace  each  other.  Behind  the  pic- 
ture was  a  frame,  on  one  side  of  which  was  this  inscription  : — 

OUR   AIII — TO    AMUSE    OUR   READERS. 

On  the  other  side  : 

OUR    HOPE — TO    MAKE    IT    PAY. 

Running  across  the  wagon,  behind,  was  painted  : 

PUNCH,   PARTINGTON',   &    CO. 


137 


On  cither  side,  a  handsome  and  well-filled  carpet-bag  was 
suspended  from  the  railing,  and  in  the  wagon,  snfficiently 
elevated  to  be  observed,  and  distinctly  labelled,  was  the 
<'  Subscription  Book  of  the  Carpel-Bag,"  which,  from  its  un- 
usual size,  was  expected  to  furnish  an  idea  of  the  vast  extent 
of  the  paper's  circulation.  "Ike"  rode  in  the  wagon,  and 
distributed  copies  of  its  prospectus.  Everywhere,  the  Carpet- 
Bag  was  greeted  cordially,  and  at  several  points,  hearty  cheers 
were  given  for  it. 

Next  came  the  exhibition  of  White  &.  Potter — a  large  car- 
riage, with  a  house  built  upon  it,  drawn  by  four  horses.  The 
house  was  decorated  with  banners,  and  on  its  top,  over  the 
names  of  the  firm,  were  these  mottoes  : 

"  THE  PRESS — THE  LIFE  OF  TKADE." 
"  THE  BOND  OF  BROTHEUHOOD." 

On  the  reverse  : 

"THE    PRESS — THE    ENGINE    OF    INTELLIGENCE." 

On  the  car  were  two  printing  presses,  in  full  operation — 
a  card  cutter  and  a  paper  cutter.  On  one  of  the  presses  was 
printed  a  small  paper,  called  the  ''Jubilee,"  nearly  ten  thou- 
sand copies  of  which  were  distributed  while  the  procession 
was  moving.  The  other  press  was  also  in  operation,  printing 
cards. 

GRANITE    CUTTERS. 

Here  came  ponderous  trucks,  heavily  laden  with  specimens 
of  worked  granite,  as  follows  : 

No.  1  was  a  fine  specimen  of  rough  granite  from  the 
quarry  of  Richards,  Munn  «S6  Co.,  of  Q,uincy,  drawn  by  three 
horses,  and  surmounted  by  the  American  flag.  Upon  the 
sides  of  the  carriage  was  written, 

"  Upwards  of  200,000  tons  of  Granite  are  annually  quarried 
within  the  borders  of  Massachusetts." 

No.  2.  Upon  a  wagon  drawn  by  five  fine  horses,  the 
"  Quincy  Railway  Company  "  exhibited  some  beautiful  and 
massive  capitals,  of  the  Corinthian  order,  upon  one  of  which, 
not  wholly  finished,  workmen  were  busily  engaged.  Over  the 
whole,  a  canopy  was  erected,  highly  decorated  with  flags,  and 
producing  a  fine  effect. 


,. 


"•.iti 


m 


138 


•  f.'':: 


No.  3  was  a  massive  column,  weighing,  by  computation, 
fourteen  tons,  and  intended  lor  the  Custom  House  at  New 
Orleans.  This  stone,  taken  from  the  same  quarry  with  that 
of  No.  1,  was  drawn  by  fourteen  large  horses,  and  was  exhib- 
ited, mainly,  to  show  how  easily  stones  of  such  size  are  trans- 
ported. 

No.  4  was  the  Granite  Block  to  be  presented  by  the  City 
of  Boston  to  the  Washington  Monument,  now  building  at 
the  seat  of  the  National  Government.  The  block  is  four  feet 
six  inches  long,  three  feet  six  inches  wide,  and  one  foot  six 
inches  thick.  Within  an  elliptical  panel,  three  and  a  half 
feet  by  two  and  a  half,  and  sunk  two  and  a  half  inches,  was 
a  transcript  of  the  motto  of  the  Seal  of  the  City,  in  raise*', 
letters ;  the  whole  encircled  by  a  moulding  of  great  beauty. 
The  face  and  letters  of  the  stone  were  polished,  whilst  the 
surface  of  the  panel  was  finely  picked,  producing  a  marked 
contrast. 

This  *one  was  of  Rockport  Granite,  and  was  furnished 
by  J.  Wetherbee  &  Co.,  Boston.  The  decorations  over  it 
were  tastefully  arranged,  and  added  much  to  the  interest  of 
this  part  of  the  procession. 

No.  5  was  a  portion  of  a  Granite  door-way,  wrought  by  A. 
C.  Sanborn  &  Co.,  and  drawn  by  their  team. 


SILVER    SMITHS   AXD    JEWELLKES. 

The  manufacturers  of  "barbaric  pearl  and  gold"  made  an 
imposing  show.  They  numbered  about  one  hundred  and 
fifty,  and  carried  a  splendid  banner,  bearing  a  silver  star  in 
the  centre,  and  adorned  with  pearls,  coral,  gold  chains,  and 
other  costly  trinkets.  The  ilag  was  of  satin, — one  side  white, 
and  the  other  crimson.  Next  followed  a  car,  of  pyramidal 
shape,  borne  upon  the  shoulders  of  four  colored  men  rejoicing 
in  the  gorgeous  oriental  costume,  and  loaded  with  specimens 
of  gold  and  silver  ware — consisting  of  pitchers,  vases,  tea 
sets,  goblets,  card  receivers,  spoons,  ladles,  butter  knives,  fish 
knives,  festoons  of  gold  chains,  and  other  jewelry.  Ai  the 
top  was  a  silver  vase,  in  vv'hich  was  deposited  a  beautiful 
bouquet.    Next  was  borne  the  ancient  flag  used  at  the  turn- 


139 


out  of  the  trndo  on  the  visit  of  General  Washington  to  this 
city,  Oct.  2St!i,  1789.  On  each  side,  two  lads  bore  waiters,  on 
which  was  exhibited  a  variety  of  manufactures  of  the  precious 
metals,  exquisitely  wrought.  Next  came  a  shop  upon  wheels, 
drawn  by  four  gray  horses.  In  the  shop  were  the  various  imple- 
ments used  by  the  trade,  and  some  twenty  members  at  work, 
Mr.  Newell  Harding  acting  as  "  boss."'  The  shop  was  pro- 
fusely decorated  with  Hags,  evergreen  and  bouquets.  Then 
came  a  banner,  on  which  were  the  stars  and  stiipes,  and  a  dis- 
play of  silver  spoons  and  knives.  The  members  of  the  trade 
marched  in  sections,  which  were  separated  from  each  other 
by  these  elegant  symbols  of  their  art.  Each  man  in  the  pro- 
cession, with  the  genuine  taste  which  belongs  to  their  call- 
ing, instead  of  w^^aring  an  artificial  rosette  on  his  breast, 
wore  a  natural  dahlia,  to  which  was  attached  gold  and  silver 
ribbon  ;  and  each  member  carried  in  hand  a  baton  mounted 
with  silver. 

The  exhibition  of  Levi  Willcutt,  the  gold  pen  manufac- 
turer, followed,  with  a  prodigious  "  gold  "  pen,  borne  upon  a 
car,  whose  motto  was — 

"THE   PEN   IS    MIGHTIER   THAN   THE    SWORD." 


Mi 


SAFES    AND    LOCKS. 

Specimens  of  Edwards,  Holman  &  Improved  Sala- 

mander Safes  were  drawn,  on  a  heavy  '  ruck,  by  four  large 
horses  in  uniform  caparisons.  Over  the  top  was  an  arch,  on 
which  was  inscribed, 

"OUR  country's  safe." 
This  was  surmounted  with  a  golden  eagle. 

Then  came  a  car  of  Jones  &  Farwell,  lock  and  knob 
manufacturers.  Upon  it  was  a  great  display  of  specimens  of 
their  manufacture,  and  workmen  engaged  at   their   trade. 

THE  NEWTON  BRASS  BAND. 

Next  came  a  heavy  truck,  drawn  by  four  "  spanking  grays," 
and  loaded  with  safes  from  Wm.  Adams  &  Co.,  bearing  the 
motto, 

TO   KEEP   ROGUES    OUT; 

and  also  some  iron  grating,  purporting 

TO   KEEP   ROGUES   IN. 


I 


140 


Speciinons  of  iron  safes  from  John  E.  VVikler  followed. 

Samples  of  coll  doors  and  locks,  furnished  for  the  new 
jail,  were  exhibited  by  Denio  &-  Roberts  ;  also,  a  Salamander 
Safe,  on  which  was  inscribed — "  I  defy  t!ie  elements.  Fire 
is  no  enemy  to  me.  I  have  been  tested,  and  came  ont  of 
the  great  fire  at  Concord.  .9175,000  property  saved  in  this 
safe." 

George  W.  Smith  showed  a  bank  vault  and  safe,  drawn  by 
five  large  horses. 

BLANK-BOOR    PAGERS    AKD    ItULEKS. 

In  this  Section  was  a  car,  mounted  with  McAdams  "  Pag- 
ing and  Heading  "  apparatus,  on  which  two  young  women 
and  a  man  were  actively  at  work. 

IKON    K AILING. 

Several  handsome  specimens  of  wire  work  and  railing, 
manufactured  by  the  New  England  Wire-Railing  Company, 
were  appropriately  arranged  upon  a  car. 

Wm.  E.  Weeman,  of  No.  19  Sndburv  street,,  exhibited 
numerous  specimens  of  ornamental  wrought  and  cast  iron 
railing,  for  cemeterieSj  buildings,  and  gardens. 

FURNACE,   RANGE,   AND    STOVE    DEALERS.       TIN    WARE    AND    SHEri 

IRON    MANUFACTURERS. 

A  large  car  of  samples  of  tin  and  sheet  iron  ware,  with 
manufacturers  at  work,  attracted  much  attention. 

A  decorated  car,  filled  with  furnaces  and  grates,  was  ex- 
hibited by  Pond  &  Co. 

Among  the  useful  articles,  set  out  in  this  section,  was  an 
assortment  of  Emerson's  Ventilators,  including  those  adapted 
to  ships,  school-houses  and  railroad  cars,  arranged  on  a  hand- 
some car,  drawn  by  four  gray  horses,  and  furnished  by  Jones 
&  Son,  Union  street.  The  same  firm  had  another  car  fol- 
lowing, on  which  workmen  were  engaged  in  manufacturing 
their  wares. 

The  magnificent  display  of  articles  in  the  department  of 
stoves,  ranges  and  furnaces,  from  the  well  known  and  exten- 
sive establishment   of  Messrs.   Chilson,  Richardson  ct  Co., 


141 


Nos.  51  and  53  IJlackstonc  street,  attracted  universal  atten- 
tion. Their  car  was  drawn  by  four  large  blaclc  horses, 
gaily  caparisoned.  On  its  I'rnnt  was  placed  one  of  (Jhilson's 
Air-Warming  and  Ventilating  Furnaces,  and  on  either  side 
was  arrayed  a  beautiful  display  of  hot-air  grates  and  regis- 
ters, of  or-rnolu  and  bronze.  In  the  centre  of  the  car 
was  erected  a  pyramid  of  silver  registers,  resting  in  a  frame, 
covered  with  black  velvet ;  on  either  side  of  which  was 
a  specimen  of  the  newly  invented  mirror-marble  chimney- 
piece,  of  the  most  elaborate  finish,  with  grate  and  fender 
attached.  On  the  back  of  the  car  was  another  chimney- 
piece,  inlaid  with  pearl,  and  aL«o  a  large  gilded  ornamental 
centre-piece.  Seldom,  if  ever,  has  so  splendid  a  dis[)lay 
been  made,  with  nothing  to  give  it  beauty  but  the  articles 
themselves.  It  fully  sustained  the  high  standing  and  char- 
acter of  the  firm  which  made  the  contribution. 

Messrs.  Bulkley  &/  Low,  Nos.  33  and  35  Blackstonc  street, 
made  a  beautiful  display  of  Waring's  celebrated  Air-Tight 
Parlor  Stoves  ;  large  Pyramid  Stoves  for  halL ;  the  Consti- 
tation-IIot-Air-Ventilated-Ovcii-Cooking  Stove,  and  others  of 
various  and  novel  patterns.  Their  exposition  was  highly 
commended  for  its  neatness,  and  for  the  ingenuity  and  good 
taste  of  its  mottoes  and  decorations. 

Similar  exhibitions  were  made  by  Pond  «fc  Duncklee,  Win- 
chester, Knight  &.  Co.,  Gould  &  Pratt,  Stephen  Kimball, 
Robert  Webb,  S.  M.  Folsom  &  Co.,  J.  Hayes,  and  J.  W.  T. 
Stodder. 

SEWING    MACUIXKS. 

Sewing  machines  were  exhibited  by  Grover  &;  Baker,  ^\o. 
71  Milk  street,  on  a  car,  very  appropriately  and  handsoniLjly 
decorated  with  the  American  and  British  Hags  intermingled. 
It  was  drawn  by  handsome  silver-gray  horses,  to  whoso  heads 
blue,  red  and  white  streamers  v/ere  attached,  and  wiionce 
they  were  gathered  in  the  talons  and  beak  of  a  very  large 
eagle,  with  expanded  wings,  which  was  sus])ended  some 
twelve  feet  above  the  car.  Extending  the  whole  length  of 
the  car,  was  the  sign,  "  Grover  &  Baker's  Patent  Sewing  Ma- 
chines," painted  in  blue  letters  on  a  white  ground  with  a 


142 


l)nrdcr  of  rod  8tri])os  —  thus  hlondiiig  llio  colors  of  tlio 
Ainoriciiii  lla^f.  IJclow,  upon  a  j)lutli)rni,  won;  disi)laycd  tlio 
machines,  stitchiuu;  on  leather  and  other  labrics,  and  niaii- 
ngcd  by  yoinig  women,  whoso  dresses  emblematically  com- 
bined the  national  colors  of  England  and  America. 


i-  Ilk'  i 

iW 


?l 


FTIIE    WORKS. 

One  of  the  most  novel  and  imposing  spectacles  in  the 
procession  was  the  Firo  Work  car,  from  the  Pyrotechnical 
Laboratory  of  James  G.  Hovey,  Es([.  It  consisted  of  a 
gorgeous  temple,  formed  by  two  arches,  in  front  of  which 
was  the  Fire  King,  in  appropriate  paraphernalia,  and  behind, 
an  attendant  Fiend ;  the  whole  decorated  with  fire  works  of 
every  description,  and  drawn  by  six  large  gray  horses. 

Messrs.  Sanderson  and  Lanergan,  Pyrotechnists,  of  East 
Cambridge,  exhil)ited  a  large  car,  the  body  of  which  formed 
a  highly  ornamental  base,  supporting  a  design  representing 
"  Etna"  in  eruption, and  emitting  volumes  of  jjcrfumed  smoke. 
The  American  flag,  falling  from  the  talons  of  a  golden  eagle, 
hung  in  festoons  over  the  front  and  sides  of  the  car,  the  top 
of  which  was  decorated  with  fire  works  of  various  kinds. 
The  base,  supporting  the  volcano,  was  white,  ornamented 
and  lettered  with  gold.  The  cornice  was  composed  of  rock- 
ets, of  every  size  and  description  ;  and  a  group  of  the  same, 
in  the  back  panel,  supported  a  golden  Phoenix.  Similar 
groups  occupied  the  front  and  top.  The  American  shield,  in 
silver,  scarlet  and  blue,  crested  with  cross  rockets,  wreathed 
with  llowcrs,  and  bearing,  in  silver  letters,  the  names  of  the 
proprietors,  occupied  the  central  base  on  each  side,  from 
which  depended  heavy  double  folds  of  drapery  of  crimson, 
powdered  with  gilt  leaves  and  stars,  and  boiuid  and  fringed 
with  pendants  of  the  same.  The  car  was  drawn  by  six  gray 
horses,  with  riders  in  uniform,  and  attended  by  guards  in 
black  and  red  costume,  armed  with  torches. 

AVOODEN   WARE. 

A  great  variety  of  specimens  of  wooden  ware,  from  the 
establishments  of  P.  Dickinson  &  Co.,  D.  Cummings  «fc  Co., 


14;j 


nnrl  R.  Wartipr  ic  Co.,  were  skilfully  nmui^od  on  a  car,  niid 
allortlcd  an  exccllout  illiistratinn  of  this  brunch  of  btisincss  ; 
tubs,  pails,  trays,  inoasiires,  brooms,  boxes,  basK'«?ts,  buckots, 
and  an  almost  nnndiorless  variety  of  other  like  arti»des,  made 
up  this  trnly  '•  Yankee"  and  very  pleasing  exhibition. 

CAK    MAKKIIS. 

A  splendid  railroad  car,  from  the  establishment  of  Davon- 
jjort  &/  Bridges,  in  Cambridge,  drawn  by  a  long  line  of  iine- 
looking  horses,  and  followed  by  a  large  l)ody  of  the  mechan- 
ics in  their  employ,  occnpied  a  large  space  in  the  ju'ocession, 
nnd  was  an  object  of  general  remark. 

FOUNnnns. 
Seth  "NVilmarth,  the  proprietor  of  the  Union  Iron  AVorks 
of  South  IJoston,  placed  in  the  j)rocession  a  drilling  machine 
and  two  engine  lathes.  An  accident  ])revented  '  ini  from  ex- 
hibiting an  engine,  which  he  had  intended.  Abont  a  hundred 
workmen  joined  in  the  procession,  })caring  banners  with  the 
name  of  their  company,  and  with  representations  of  their 
works.     Following  this,  was  tiie 

NOUTH    HRIDOKWATKR    HAND. 

From  the  Globe  Works  of  John  Souther  was  exhibited  u 
jjowerful  and  finely  finished  locomotive,  of  seventeen  tons 
weight,  built  for  the  Richmond  and  Danville  Railroad  in 
Virginia,  and  called  the  "  Potomac."  It  was  drawn  by  twelve 
noble  horses.  There  was  a  deputation  of  150  men  from  this 
establishment. 

The  Boston  Locomotive  Works  were  represented  by  a 
deputation  of  about  350  men,  bearing  banners  denoting  their 
respective  employments — as  blacksmiths,  iron  founders,  boiler 
makers,  and  machinists.  A  lo.;omotive  was  exhibited  from 
these  works,  named  the  "  Elvira,"  of  about  the  same  power  as 
that  of  the  "  Potomac,"  from  the  Globe  Works. 

The  Fulton  Works  were  represented  by  100  workmen, 
accompanied  by  an  engine  frame  in  a  rough  state,  just  as  it 
was  taken  from  the  foundery.     Then  followed  the 

FOXBOROUGH    BRASS   BAND. 


II 

11  lU 


i'! 


m 


144 


From  th?  Soutli  Boston  Iron  Co.,  Alger's  Works,  there 
were  about  120  workmen.  As  specimens  of  the  work  of 
this  company,  there  were  one  large  cannon,  of  eleven  inch 
hore,  and  veighing  nearly  eight  tons,  two  brass  six  pound- 
ers, a  locomotive  crank,  a  patent  railroad  frog,  and  an  iron 
shaving  thirty  feet  in  length. 

"  The  Glendon  Rolling  Mill,*'  of  East  Boston,  exhibited  a  car, 
drai'.  n  by  twelve  gray  horses,  handsomely  adorned,  and  con- 
taii  ing  specimens  of  their  manulactnre,  in  all  its  various 
processes,  from  the  iron  ore*,  as  dag  from  the  bowels  of  the 
earti. ,  to  the  finished  bar;  also,  locomotive  and  car  tires,  and 
axles,  and  various  other  articles,  arranged  in  a  pyramidal 
form  around  a  heavy  forged  central  shaft,  upwards  of  30  feet 
high,  surmounted  by  the  American  flag,  and  otherwise  hand- 
somely decomted. 

This  corporation  turned  out  3G0  men  in  the  procession, 
and  exhibited  several  banners,  the  principal  of  which  had  for 
its  motto  a  quotation  from  Ovid — "  De  duro  est  ultima  ferro  " 
— [Adas  rmderstocd]—  -The  last  Age  is  of  Iron. 

LKATHER   BELTING. 

Ample  specimens  of  leather  belting,  from  the  establishment 
of  N,  Hunt  &.  Co.,  were  exhibited  on  a  car,  highly  decorated : 
following  which  was  a  display  of  leather  belting,  engine 
hose,  saddlery  and  trunks,  from  the  establishir.cnt  of  Sheltou 
&  Cheever. 

LAST   MAKERS. 

Blanchard's  patent  self-directing  machine,  for  manufactur- 
ing boot-trees  and  lasts,  Avas  a  very  interesting  object,  from 
the  greit  ingenuity  of  its  construction.  It  was  kept  in  opera- 
tion by  attendant  workmen. 

PLUMBERS. 

A  fine  exhibition,  on  a  car,  of  manufactures  from  the  estab- 
lishment of  Lockwood,  Zane  &  Lumb,  was  followed  by  the 

ROXBURY   BRASS    BAND. 
CARl'ET    MAKERS. 

A  great  display  was  made,  by  from  three  to  four  hundred 


:s,  there 
work  of 
k'en  inch 
c  pound- 
an  iron 

itedacar, 
and  con- 
s  various 
els  of  the 
tu-es,  and 
pyramidal 
of  30  feet 
/ise  hand- 

irocession, 
ch  had  for 
ima  ferro  " 


iblishment 
Idecorated : 

IS,  engine 
f  Shelton 


lanufactur- 
|bject,  from 
It  in  opera- 


the  estab- 
Lved  by  the 


[u  hundred 


145 


operatives  from  Henry  Pettes  ^  Co.'s  carpet  factories  in 
Roxbury,  headed  by  the  Roxbury  Band ;  immediately  after 
which  followed  a  superh  banner-car,  covered  with  painthigs, 
representing  their  dilFerent  factory  buildings.  Next  came  a 
detachment  of  weavers,  with  sashes  of  parti-colored  yarns, 
bearing  a  banner  with  the  following  inscription — "  Every 
carpet  we  display  is  the  work  of  our  own  hands,  in  Henry 
Pettes  &  Co.'s  Roxbury  carpet  factories."  Then  came  a 
triumphal  car,  drawn  by  four  horses,  exhibiting  a  beautiful 
variety  of  tapestry  carpeting.  Next  came  a  tapestry-carpet- 
loom,  in  full  operation,  surrounded  by  weavers  and  all  the 
implements  of  the  craft.  The  boys  bore  a  banner,  with 
the  motto — "  We  learn  to  work,  while  young,  in  Henry 
Pettes  &.  Co.'s  Roxbury  carpet  factories."  This  section  was 
closed  by  a  chariot,  drawn  by  four  horses,  and  followed  by  a 
large  number  of  the  young  men  of  the  establishment,  gaily 
dressed,  and  bearing  banners,  with  the  motto — "  We  spin  and 
weave  in  Henry  Pettes  &  Co.'s  Roxbury  carpet  factories. 
Honor  and  protect  our  industry." 

The  Boston  Dye  House  placed  in  the  procession  a  car- 
riage, exhibiting  specimens  of  their  work  ;  there  were  yarns, 
ribbons,  bonnets,  shawls  and  cloths  of  all  kinds,  and  colored 
with  all  the  hues  of  the  rainbow. 

OCCUPAXTS    OF   TANEUIL   HALL    MARKET. 

The  occupants  of  Faneuil  Hall  Market — a  fine  looking 
body  of  men — made  a  very  creditable  appearance.  They 
were  preceded  by  Dodsworth's  (rSew  York)  famous  band  of 
music,  and  attracted  much  attention,  (^ne  of  their  ban- 
ners exhibited  a  bullock's  head  in  front ;  on  the  reverse — 
"We  feed  the  hungry."  Another  banner  was  inscribed — 
"  Our  railroad  and  steamboat  communications ;  may  they 
extend  to  the  ends  of  the  earth.  A  third  bore  the  inscrip- 
tion— "  England  and  America ;  a  worthy  son  of  a  noble 
sire."  A  car,  thirty  feet  in  length,  contained  a  tempting 
variety  of  "  vivcrs'' — fish,  flesh,  fowl  and  vegetables,  of  the 
best  (juality.  A  few  live  pigs,  geese  and  fowls,  animated 
the  pirtiire,  and  occasionally  contrilnited  "  rural    sounds,"  to 

19 


f 


<''i  I 


I  ii 


i-: 


^,-^ 


146 


"  exhilarate  the  spirits  ■'  of  the  hearers  ;  and  on  the  top  of  the 
car  was  perched  a  live  rooster,  Avho  did  not  appear  to  enjoy 
the  scene  much.  The  car  was  handsomely  decorated  with 
American,  English  and  French  flags,  flying  from  its  top. 
Three  carriages,  and  a  procession,  numbering  more  than  150 
men,  followed  on  foot. 

PAPER   HANGINGS. 

This  trade  was  represented  by  the  Boston  and  Chelsea 
Paper  Hangings  Manufacturing  Company,  alone,  but  very 
efliciently.  Upon  different  constructions  were  represented 
the  difierent  branches  of  their  business. 

Upon  the  first,  drawn  by  four  horses,  were  print  cutters, 
with  stock  and  toola,  engaged  in  their  work,  and  a  printing 
machine,  with  men  and  boys  in  the  act  of  printing  paper, 
which,  as  soon  as  dry,  was  rolled  up  by  another  machine, 
managed  by  women.  Specimens  of  the  printing  were  dis- 
tributed along  the  route  of  the  procession. 

Next  followed  a  load  of  manufactured  paper,  drawn  by 
two  horses. 

Then  came  a  model  of  a  parlor,  drawn  by  one  horse,  with 
a  paper  hanger  and  liis  apprentice  engaged  in  decorating  it  in 
variou.  nyles.  Attached  to  the  outside  were  sample  cards  of 
paper  hangings  and  borders. 

LAMPS   AND    GAS   FI^LTURES. 

Andrew  J.  Gavit  exhibited  a  great  variety  of  handsome 
lamp  and  gas  fixtures,  tastefully  arranged  upon  a  carriage, 
and  drawn  by  two  horses. 

INTELLIGENCE    OFFICES. 

A  representation  of  Porter's  Intelligence  Office  was  trans- 
ported by  six  horses — some  twenty  men  and  women  being 
seated  in  a  car  covered  with  handbills  specifying  the  various 
classes  of  persons  wishing  situations,  (not  including  political 
offices,)  and  of  those  whose  services  were  wonted. 

PIANO    FORTE    MAKERS. 

The  piano  forte  makers  of  the  city,  (with  the  exception  of 
Chickering's  establishment,)  marshaled    by  Russell  Hallet, 


147 


numbered  about  200,  and  were  accompanied  by  the  Lowell 
Brass  Band.  On  a  large  car,  temple-formed,  drawn  by  tour 
black  horses,  were  three  beautiful  pianos,  from  Lemuel 
Gilbert,  T.  Gilbert,  and  D.  B.  Newhall ;  one  of  them  ex- 
hibiting carvings  of  most  exquisite  skill.  From  the  beak 
of  an  eagle,  in  front,  the  car  was  handsomely  draped,  and 
from  the  corners  waved  two  American,  one  English,  and  a 
French  flag.  Two  banners  were  borne — one  with  the  inscrip- 
tion, "Nothing  is  denied  to  well  deserved  labor;"  the  other 
having  on  the  obverse  a  Harp,  and  on  the  reverse,  "  Harmony." 
The  operatives  in  Chickering's  piano  forte  establishment, 
numbering  more  than  100,  with  a  band  belonging  to  the 
establishment — the  "Excelsior  Band'' — made  a  fine  appear- 
ance. A  two  horse  car,  handsomely  "decored,"  (to  use  the 
language  of  old  Caleb  Balderstone,)  carried  one  of  Chicker- 
ing  s  grand  pianos,  with  an  inscription  on  either  side — 

"  There's  sure  no  passion  of  the  human  soul 
But  finds  its  fooel  in  music." 

GILD£US. 

The  gilders,  on  a  car  drawn  by  four  white  horses,  exhibited 
a  variety  of  mirrors,  picture  frames,  and  other  ornamental 
work,  handsomely  arranged,  with  two  flags  draped  from  the 

top. 

BOOK   BINDKRS. 

The  artists  of  Gleason's  Pic  orial  Companion  rode  in  two 
barouches,  with  banners,  and  the  motto  — 

"HOXOR   ALIT    AUTKS." 

The  bookbinders  made  a  good  appearance,  and  numbered 
about  one  hundred,  George  A.  Fields  as  Marshal,  and  were 
accompanied  by  the  "  Holliston  Band."  A  beautiful  banner, 
with  a  large  open  book  upon  it,  and  having  a  book  upon  its 
stafl',  contained  the  inscription — "  We  bind  and  preserve  the 
knowledge  of  the  past  for  the  benefit  of  the  future."  A 
four-horse  car  contained  an  embossing  machine,  cutting  press, 
forwarding  press,  and  other  appropriate  machines,  in  opera- 


!?l 


^^f| 


;J-M  ''i 


r.:  5 


f 


148 


lion,  with  girls  folding  and  stitching  books.  Another  large 
cai"  contained  a  cutting  machine,  standhig  press,  and  ruling 
machine,  in  operation.  Several  carriages  contained  some  oi' 
the  leading  men  engaged  in  the  business. 

AGRICULTUUAL    WARES. 

Prouty  &  Mears  had  two  teams ;  one  with  two  horses, 
containing  several  varieties  of  their  famous  plough,  including 
the  kinJ  which  obtained  a  premium  at  the  World's  Fair.  A 
si.\  horse  team,  with  a  car,  contained  twelve  men  at  work, 
plough  making ;  and  portions  of  work,  in  its  several  stages, 
were  exhibited. 

Blodgett,  Clark  &  Brown,  on  a  six  horse  car,  exhibited 
agricultural  implements,  and  a  great  variety  of  hardware,  very 
well  arranged.  On  the  tines  of  two  pitch-forks  were  sus- 
pended small  flags. 

Ruggles,  Nourse  &  Mason,  with  a  four  horse  car,  exhibited 
the  various  articles  of  their  mannfacture,  contrasted  with  an 
old  plough  used  by  Roger  Sherman  in  1742.  A  rooster, 
acting  the  part  of  a  weather-cock,  surmounted  the  vehicle. 

From  the  Agricultural  Ware-House  and  Seed  Store  of 
Messrs.  Parker  &  White,  Nos.  8  and  10  Gerrish  Block,  was 
a  car,  (drawn  by  four  large  gray  horses,  belonging  to  Mr. 
Bailey,  of  South  Weymouth,)  and  filled  with  every  variety 
of  implements  of  their  maruifacture  and  trade,  comprising 
ploughs,  harrows,  hay  cutters,  shovels,  hoes,  spades,  hay  and 
manure  forks,  handcarts,  wheelbarrows,  fanning  mills,  corn 
shellers,  chains,  and,  in  fine,  tools  of  every  description  used 
by  the  agriculturist,  or  the  cultivator  of  flowers. 

Their  banner,  of  wide  canvas,  extending  the  whole  width 
of  the  street,  bore  the  picture  of  a  plough,  with  the  old  but 
not  worn-out  motto — 

"SPEED   THE    PLOUGH." 

BRUSHES. 

Adams'  Brush  Manufactory  was  represented  by  a  Russian 
boar,  mounted  on  a  light  vehicle,  drawn  by  the  celebrated 
mare  "Jane  Eyre."     Attached  to  the  car  were  a  mammoth 


140 


brush  and  other  emblems  of  the  trade,  the  whole  being  in 
excellent  taste  and  appropriate  to  the  business.  Upwards  of 
tliirty  workmen,  employed  in  this  establishment,  followed, 
huviiig  a  banner  inscribed — "  From  Adams'  Brush  Factory  ;  " 
and  on  the  reverse,  the  motto — "  A  new  broom  sweeps  clean." 

BOAT    CLUBS. 

The  Franklin  Boat  Club,  whose  head  quarters  are  near 
Braman's  Baths,  rode  in  their  boat,  thirty-eight  feet  in 
length,  drawn  by  two  horses. 


vera  sus- 


CARVERS. 

A  two  horse  car,  containing  some  beautiful  specimens  of 
ship  carving  by  Gleason,  on  Commercial  street,  was  gaily 
trimmed  with  flags. 


Besides  the  above,  there  were  several  excellent  "  exposi- 
tions "  not  included  under  either  of  the  specific  sections,  but 
not  the  less  worthy  of  special  notice. 

Blodget,  Clarke  &  Brown,  of  Pearl  street,  furnished  a  car, 
drawn  by  six  horses,  and  covered  Avith  specimens  of  Ameri- 
can hardware,  from  all  parts  of  New  England,  but  chiefly 
from  Connecticut.  Among  the  articles  exhibited  were  Ames' 
Shovels,  Clarke's  Knives,  Douglass'  Pumps,  Blake's  Latches, 
and  HoUey  <fc  Co.'s  Pocket  Cutlery.  On  the  platform,  in  the 
rear,  was  a  model  of  the  celebrated  "  Chain  Pump,"  which 
drew  much  attention. 

An  elegant  omnibus  of  Hobbs  &  Prescott's  line  contained, 
on  one  side,  "  The  way  to  the  Railroad  ;  "  on  the  other,  "  We 
come  at  your  call,"  and  behind,  the  standing  joke,  "  Room 
for  one  more," — although  it  appeared  to  be  full,  or  as  nearly 
so  as  a  vehicle,  proverbially  unsusceptible  of  repletion,  can 
be.  The  carriage  was  neatly  decorated,  and  drawn  by  four 
superb  horses. 

A  wagon,  containing  a  display  of  spices,  with  the  words, 
"  The  Colonies  and  the  States — Reciprocity  of  Trade,  and 


!W)>i,' 


ril 


m 


II! 


150 


more  Spice  in  our  Commerce,"  was  from  the  City  Coffee  and 
Spice  Mills  of  Stiles,  Hurbs  &,  Hasselber^,  No.  4  Liberty 
square,  Boston.  On  the  same  wagon,  a  banner  bore  the  in- 
scription— "  Hon.  Joseph  Howe  and  the  Colonial  Railways,"' 
— in  honor  of  the  labors  of  Mr.  Howe  in  furtherance  of  the 
great  scheme  by  which  the  Colonies  are  to  be  united  by  a  rail- 
road from  Canada,  through  New  Brunswick,  into  Nova  Scotia. 

Jonathan  Pierce  exhibited,  on  a  one  horse  car,  various 
articles  of  pumps,  blocks,  and  the  like. 

A  carriage,  covered  with  millinery  goods,  and  containing 
several  girls  at  work,  was  furnished  by  L.  S.  Driggs,  and  was 
quite  attractive  in  its  appearance,  though  it  may  be  doubted 
whether  the  inanimate  portion  of  the  lading  received  its 
due  attention. 

In  another  carriage  were  exhibited  numerous  specimens  of 
"  Southern  brogans,"  with  several  men  at  work  making  the 
like. 

J.  Russell  Spalding,  Perfumer,  Tremont  row,  exhibited  a 
mammoth  oval  bottle,  fourteen  feet  high,  five  feet  broad,  and 
three  feet  wide, — set  off  with  a  showy  label. 

The  clothes-drying  machine  of  J.  H.  Evans,  of  Cambridge- 
port,  as  it  moved  along  the  line,  attracted  much  notice. 
The  last  article  in  the  Seventh  Division  was  followed  by  a 
cavalcade. 

On  reaching  Charles  street  from  the  Common,  the  proces- 
sion Avas  dismissed,  and  the  guests  of  the  City  assembled  at 
the  State  House,  to  move  thence  to  the  dinner,  which  had 
been  spread  under  an  extensive  Pavilion. 

The  Pavilion  was  erected  on  a  level  spot  of  the  Common, 
nearly  opposite  West  street,  and  immediately  adjoining  the 
Tremont  street  Mall,  and  its  appearance,  as  it  burst  into 
view  from  this  point,  was  peculiarly  striking,  and  attracted 
great  admiration.  On  a  line  extending  from  one  end  ot" 
the  first,  or  original  tent,  to  the  other,  were  fastened  a  large 
number  of  small  ensigns,  signals,  flags,  and  streamers,  hand- 
somely and  appropriately  arranged.  Conspicuous  among  the 
whole,  were  the  Stars  and  Stripes  of  our  own  Flag,  while 


flags  q 
hung 


151 


the  Cross  of  St.  George,  in  honor  of  the  occasion,  was  also 
spread  to  the  breeze. 

On  the  three  masts  which  supported  the  lent,  Averc  flying 
the  respective  flags  of  Great  Britain  and  America.  Of  the 
second  tent,  or  that  which  was  subsequently  added  to  the 
original,  each  corner  was  decorated  with  a  handsome  Ameri- 
cun  llag.  In  the  centre  of  the  pavilion  was  flying  a  faded 
and  ancient-looking  standard,  which  fluttered  proudly  in  the 
breeze,  as  if  in  contempt  of  its  fresh  but  untried  companions. 

At  the  northern  end,  facing  Park  street,  over  the  en- 
trance, through  which  the  procession  passed  to  partake  of  the 
civic  dinner,  an  arch  was  erected  on  which  was  the  follow- 
ing motto  : 

LITEUATUUE,  SCIENCE,  AND  THE  ARTS  ;    ENCOUKAGEMENT  TO  ALL. 

In  the  centre  was  represented  an  engine  and  cars  in  motion. 
Two  handsome  gilt  stars  decorated  each  side. 

After  the  erection  of  the  first  division  of  the  tent,  it  had 
been  ascertained  that  it  was  insufiicient  to  accommodate  the 
vast  crowd  which  would  be  assembled.  It  was  therefore  en- 
larged by  the  addition  of  ninety  feet  each  way,  making  the 
whole  dimensions  of  the  tent  250  feet  in  length,  and  UO  in 
breadth.  This  latter  erection  had  more  the  appearance  of  a 
canvas  building — the  canvas  being  fastened  on  frame  work, 
— than  the  former,  and  was  not  so  fully  decorated  on  the  ex- 
terior. This  defect  of  uniformity  could  not  be  remedied  on 
account  of  the  want  of  time.  The  Avhole,  however,  presented 
a  most  beautiful  appearance,  and  from  all  quarters,  the  '^now 
Avhite  canvas  of  the  immense  pavilion  contrasted  strongly 
with  the  hundred  gaily-colored  banners  which  fluttered  in 
the  breeze. 

The  interior  of  the  pavilion  was  profusely  decorated  with 
flags  and  many-colored  bunting.  From  the  immense  roof 
hung  the  flags  of  all  nations,  appropriately  interspersed  and 
arranged.  Large  maps  of  Boston  and  of  the  different  rail- 
road routes  were  also  fastened  so  that  they  were  flat,  or 
nearly  so,  upon  the  roof.  The  flags  were  so  arranged, 
that,  for  the  whole  length  of  the  tent,  upon  each  3ide  of  the 
beams  which  supported  the  centre  of  the  canvas,  there  was  a 


i !;  •!  n 


m 


m 


152 


I 


ro:v  of  the  largest,  while  immediately  behind  were  displayed 
smaller  ensigns.  The  insignia  of  nearly  every  nation  in  the 
world  were  seen  in  the  vast  array  of  gay  pennants  which 
lined  the  roof  of  the  pavilion.  Among  them,  from  their  size 
and  beauty,  were  particularly  noticeable  the  banners  of 
Sweden,  China,  Belgium,  Poland,  Mexico  and  France,  v/hilo 
the  •'  Meteor  Flag  of  England  "  was  visible  in  the  most  i)romi- 
nent  and  honorable  positions.  Between  the  beams  which 
supported  the  centre  of  the  canvas,  the  whole  lergth  of  the 
tent  was  hung  in  festoons,  alter.iatin^  in  colors  of  red,  white 
and  I'.ie  streamers,  pennants  and  ensigns  of  all  descriptions. 
The  head  of  the  iables  was  situated  at  the  souHi  end  of  tli;. 
Pavilion,  towards  tiic  Public  Ciarden,  and  not  at  the  north  as 
was  at  first  intended.  Immediately  over  the  seat  of  the 
President  great  taste  was  displa^^^ed  in  tlic  designs  and  decor- 
ations which  were  put  i\['.  On  the  canvas  roof  above  his 
head,  were  two  very  large  ..jgs  of  England  and  the  United 
States,  the  I'ormer  on  the  right.  On  an  arch  behind  his  scat 
was  the  motto  : 

ENCAND    AXO    AMERICA — PEUPETUAL    PEACE;     THE     QUEEN    AXD 

TUE    PRt.3IDENT. 

From  the  base  of  the  arch  avpiC  draped  in  a  beautiful 
manner,  the  Hags  cf  the  two  nations,  while  the  back 
ground  was  formed  of  an  American  ensign.  Immediately 
between  the  first  two  flags  was  a  golden  eagle,  witli 
wings  outspread,  in  a  protecting  attitude,  supporting  in  his 
talons  the  palladium  of  liberty,  and  an  olive  branch,  the 
emblem  of  peace.  The  whole  was  veiy  prettily  decorated 
with  evergreens. 

On  each  side  of  the  centre  of  the  tdb'es,  small  evergreen 
trees  were  fastened  to  every  post,  between  which  were  paint- 
iiii2;s,  lithogra])hs,  and  engravings  of  all  descr'ptions,  and  of 
various  qualities,  representing  manne  views,  railway  views, 
maps,  charts,  and  the  ^.ike.  Proruinent  among  others,  was 
noticed  a  fine  lithograph  print  of  the  S.  S.  Lewis. 

Opposite  the  arch  over  the  scat  of  the  President,  in  the 
middle  of  tent,  was  another  arch  with  the  following  motto  : 


153 


isplaycd 
u  ill  the 
^  which 
lieir  size 
uiors  of 
e,  wb.ilc 
it  i)ronii- 
■>  whicli 
li  of  the 
d,  wliilc 
•iptions. 

1(1   of  tllo 

north  as 
t  of  the 
id  decoi- 
bove  his 
e  United 
1  his  scat 

EEN    AXD 

beautiful 

he    back 

nediatcly 

le,    with 

g  in  his 
nch,  the 

ecorated 

ivergrec  n 
;ie  paint- 
is,  and  of 
ly  views, 
leis,  was 

it,  in  the 
motto  : 


TIIOU   SHALT   LOVE   THY   NETC.HHOR   AS   THYSELF: 

TORONTO,    COBOUUO. 

MOXTREAL,    HAMILTON,    QUKUEC,    HOSTON. 

HONOR    TO    THOSE    WHO    HAVE    BROUGHT    US   TOGETHER. 

In  the  centre  of  this  was  a  design  representing  the  telegraph 
wires,  and  a  train  of  cars  in  motion.  Below,  was  a  maritime 
view,  representing  a  ship  under  full  sail.  The  whole  was 
handsomely  trimmed  with  evergreen.  At  the  entrance  of  the 
tent  on  the  inside,  on  a  direct  line  with  the  others,  was  an 
arch  with  the  following  inscription  : 

THE   UNITED    STATES    AND    THE  CANADAS  :    HARMONV,  PROSPERITY, 

AND    RECIPROCITY. 

In  the  centre  of  this  were  the  American  and  British  flags 
crossed,  with  two  clasped  hands — emblematic  of  the  above 
motto, — decorated  with  evergreen.  Farthe.  down  was  an 
arch,  with  the  following  motto  : 

AGRICULTURE,  COMMERCE,  AND  MANUFACTURES — THE  TRUE 
SOURCES    OF    OUR   NATIONAL    WEALTH. 

In  the  centre  of  this  wa.>  a  marine  view,  with  vessels  under 
lull  sail ;  a  city  in  the  r'.istance  ;  in  the  foreground  a  steam- 
ship in  the  process  of  erection.  On  the  arch,  on  the  oppo- 
site side,  was  the  following  motto  and  design  : 

RAILROAD    JUBILEE,    SEPT.    17tH,    18tH,    19tH,    1851. 

In  the  centre,  a  representation  of  a  train  of  cars  in  full 
career,  and  a  steamship  ploughing  the  water. 
At  the  lower  end  of  the  tent  was  an  arch,  with  this  motto  : 

COLUMBIA,  THE  LAND  OP  LIBERTY,  THE  HOME  OF  ALL  NATIONS. 

In  the  centre,  were  the  British  and  American  tiags,  crossed  ; 
clasped  nands  beneath ;  a  lion  on  one  side,  and  a  shield  on 
th'j  other. 

On  the  opposite  side  was  an  arch,  with  the  following  in- 
scription : 

MERCANTILE  ENTERPRISE  ;   RAILROADS  AND  TELEGRAPHS. 
BOSTON  FROM  1630  TO  1851. 

In  the  centre  and  in  the  back-ground,  a  representation  of 
a  st(!amer  advancing  ;  the  old  pine  tree  on  the  left,  and  a 
train  of  cars  in  motion  on  the  right. 

20 


154 


The  whole  of  these  arches  were  very  prettily  -lecoratod 
with  everirrccn,  or  Icstoon  I  with  streamers  and  fUiu's,  and 
added  nmcli  to  the  bounty  of  the  scene. 

The  arranLretnent  of  the  tables  was  most  excellent.  Ex- 
tending entirely  aronnd  the  tent,  Avith  spaces  at  the  two 
entrances,  was  a  table  for  the  more  distint^uished  crnests,  on 
a  raised  dais,  handsomely  carpeted.  Directly  opposite  the 
main  entrance,  and  at  the  other  (the  south-westerly)  end  of 
the  pavilion,  was  the  head  of  the  table,  runninij;  porpondicu- 
larly  to  which  were  ten  tables,  extending  through  the  whole 
length  of  the  tent.  \\\  the  centre  of  the  side  next  West 
street,  was  another  entrance,  opening  into  a  broad  passage- 
way running  at  right  angles  with  tho  aisles  which  separated 
the  tables.  The  effect  of  this  TOry  convenient  arrangement, 
as  the  main  entrance  was  reached,  was  extremely  fine,  as,  at  a 
glance,  the  plan  of  the  Avhole  was  obvious. 

The  tables  were  capable  of  comfortably  accommodating 
thirty-six  hundred  persons,  and,  as  well  as  the  scats,  were 
covered  with  white  linen  and  supplied  with  the  best  of  re- 
freshments and  eatables,  in  abundance.  The  viands  con- 
sisted of  cold  roasted  and  boiled  fowls,  cold  roast  beef,  ham, 
tongues,  oyster  pie,  lobster  salad,  and  the  like,  very  neatly 
served,  and  garnished  with  pastry,  fruit,  and  flowers,  arrayed 
most  invitingly.  A  fragrant  little  bouquet  graced  each  tum- 
bler, and  larger  ones,  in  elegant  vases,  adorned  the  tables  at 
regular  intervals. 

The  tent  was  erected  under  the  supervision  of  Col.  N.  A. 
Thompson,  of  the  City  Committee,  and  was  decorated  by 
M".  William  Beals.  The  dinner  was  under  the  immediate 
direction  of  Mr.  J.  B.  Smith,  and  did  him  much  credit. 

At  about  half  past  three,  the  procession  reached  the  tent, 
and,  with  great  quietness  and  order,  the  whole  immense 
area  was  filled  in  less  than  twenty  minutes. 

Mr.  Mayor  Bigelow  took  his  seat  in  the  centre  of  the  dais; 
on  his  right  sat  Mr.  President  Fillmore,  and  on  his  left  Lord 
Elgin.  On  the  right  of  the  President,  were  seated  the  Hon. 
Messrs.  Stuart  and  Conrad,  of  his  Cabinet ;  and  on  the  left 
of  Lord  Elgin,  sat  the  Hon.  Mr.  Crampton,  the  British  Charge 


lOi) 


de'  Aflhires  at  Washington,  in  the  absence  of  Sir  Henry 
L.  Buhvur.  Taking  the  platfcrm  Avnstward,  were  noticed 
Mr.  JJrinloy,  President  of  the  Council  ;  the  Hon.  Colonel 
Ikuce,  the  Hon.  Francis  Hincks,  Inspector-General  of  the 
Uanauas  ;  Lord  Mark  Kerr,  the  Hon,  Mr.  Waldegrave,  the 
Hon.  Mr.  Price,  Commissioner  of  Crown  Lands ;  the  Hon. 
Mr.  Taclii',  Receiver  General ;  the  Hon  Mr.  Bourret,  Chief 
Commissioner  of  Public  Works ;  Sir  Allan  N.  McXab,  M.  P.  P.  ; 
the  Hon.  W.  B.  Robinson,  M.  P.  P.  ;  Mr.  Solicitor  General 
McDonald,  of  Canada ;  Ex-Ciovernor  Paine,  of  Vermont  ; 
the  Hon.  H.  H.  Killaly,  Assistant  Commissioner  of  Public 
Works,  of  Canada  ;  the  Hon.  Edward  Everett,  the  Hon.  Jo- 
siah  Uuincy,  Sen. ;  His  Honor  John  G.  Bowes,  Mayor  of 
Toronto  ;  G.  Duggan,  Jr.,  Esq.,  Recorder  of  Toronto  ;  Rev. 
E.  Ryerson,  I).  U.,  Chief  Superintendent  of  Education  in 
Canada  West  ;  Capt.  Robinson,  R.  N. :  Rear  Admiral  Owen, 
R.  N. ;  Col.  Hemery,  Jersey,  England  ;  the  Hon.  Josiah  Q,uin- 
cy,  Jr.;  Major  G^-'eral  Edmands  and  StatT;  Stuart  Chis- 
holm,  M.  D.,  Senior  Surgeon  of  the  Royal  Regiment  of 
Artillery;  Lieut.  Arcl  ibald  Chisholm,  liid  Royal  Highland- 
ers ;  the  Rev.  A.  *)igby  Campbell,  of  Trinity  Church, 
Montreal  ;  Capt.  Harding,  Capt.  Webber  and  Capt.  New- 
man ;  Lieut.  W.  A.  Bartlett,  U.  S.  .\.  ;  Capt.  Nye,  of  the 
20th  Reg.  of  the  British  Army ;  Mr.  Wm.  G.  Thompson, 
olth  Reg. ;  Mr.  Hughes,  of  the  U.  M.  Department ;  Drs. 
Rutherford  and  Barrett,  of  the  Medical  Stalf ;  Dr.  Lowber,  of 
the  U.  S.  Navy;  Capt.  Marjory,  of  the  54th  Reg. ;  Dr.  Wright, 
of  the  U.  S.  Navy  ;  Capt.  Jones,  of  the  54th  Reg.  ;  Dep. 
Asst.  Com.  Gen.  Webb  ;  Capt.  Stevens,  20th  Reg. ;  Mr.  J.  R. 
Pilkinton,  Royal  Engineers ;  Capts.  Sweedenham  and  Swan, 
of  the  54th  Reg.  ;  John  Egan,  Esq.,  M.  P.  P.  ;  Mr.  John 
Ferrie,  Hamilton,  C.  W.  ;  Mr.  W.  Gillespie,  Capt.  Percival, 
U.  S.  N.  ;  Mr.  Robert  Maitland,  of  Toronto  ;  Mr.  Thomas 
Davidson,  of  Toronto ;  Edmund  A.  Grattan,  Esq.,  H.  B. 
M.  Consul  for  Massachusetts,  and  S.  S.  Lewis,  Esq.,  of  this 
City. 

On  the  eastern  wing  of  the  platform,  on  the  right  of  the 
members  of  the  U.  S.  Cabinet,  were  seen  His  Excellency, 


■1 

f 


sit 


till 


:'y 


m 


150 


Gov.  notitwell ;  Liout.  Col.  H.  A.  Williams,  (Jovornor's  Aid; 
Maj.  Shonimii,  II.  S.  A.,  of  Fort  Admiis;  lion.  William  U. 
Lawrence,  Acting  (Jovornor  ot"  Rhode  Island;  (Jen.  I'itinaii, 
ol'  Rhode  Island  ;  Messrs.  Aldermen  Rogers,  Hriggs,  Ilolhroolc, 
Grant,  Kimball,  Munroe,  Clark  and  Smith  ;  Rev.  Dr.  Higelow, 
of  Boston ;  the  Hon.  John  1'.  Hale,  Senator  in  Congress  from 
New  Hampshire;  the  Hon.  Joseph  Grinnell ;  the  Hon.  AI(!X- 
ander  Stewart,  Master  of  the  Rolls  of  Nova  Scotia ;  the  llcii. 
J.  H.  Dnncan,  and  the  Hon.  Uenj.  Thompson,  Rejjs.  in  Con- 
gress from  Massachusetts;  the  Hon.  Joseph  Howe,  Provincial 
Sec.  of  Nova  Scotia;  the  Hon.  P.  H.  Moore,  member  of  the 
Legislative  Council  of  the  Canadas  ;  the  Hon.  William  Y^oun^, 
Speaker  of  the  N.  S.  House  of  Assembly  ;  the  Hon.  Col. 
Gugy,  M.  P.  P. ;  Oliver  Hertlielot,  Es(i.,  of  Montreal ;  Mr. 
Sherilf  Thomas,  of  the  counties  of  Wentworth  and  Haltou ; 
Mr.  Sheriff  Smith,  of  the  county  of  Simcoo,  on  Lake  Huron  ; 
and  James  Stewart,  Es(i.,  of  Halifax. 

The  aspect  of  the  vast  assembly,  when  the  tables  were 
filled,  was  beyond  description  striking.  There  Ava  a  vast 
sea  of  human  brotherhood  under  a  firmament  of  Hags ;  and 
in  tliat,  were  many  distinguished  personages  of  both  hem- 
ispheres. 

The  assembled  thousands  having  at  last  been  seated, 
which,  though  not  a  thing  to  be  accomplished  at  once, 
was  done  in  a  most  orderly  manner  ; 

The  Rev.  Andrew  Bigelow,  D.D.,  (Chaplain  of  the  Day,) 
rose  and,  in  the  following  Avords,  invoked  the  Divine  bless- 
ing: 

0  (}od  our  Father ;  Giver  of  life,  and  Parent  of  all  <^im\ ! 
Thou  hast  nourished  and  brought  us  \\\)  —  hast  fed  us  with  thy 
bountiful  hand — and  vouchsafed  to  us  all  our  capacities  for 
improvement  and  happiness. 

Great  has  been  thy  favor  to  the  people  of  this  land.  Peace 
and  plenty,  the  sources  of  personal  and  national  prosperity,  civil 
liberty,  the  lights  of  knowledge,  the  means  of  moral  and  relig- 
ious instruction  thou  hast  abunc^ntly  provided  and  opened  up. 
Blessings  in  profusion  tliou  hast  showered  upon  us ;  blessings  in 
the  city  and  in  the  field ;  blessings  in  our  basket  and  in  our  store  ; 
blessings  in  the  fruits  of  the  ground,  and  the  treasures  drawn 


157 


from  tlio  son  and  tlio  sands.  Tlioso  thy  morcios  proportional »ly 
(Miliaiico  our  rospoiisibilltics.  ^Jiiy  tlioy  bo  duly  pondered  mid 
lii'd.  Let  not  o\ir  lioarts  Ito  lifted  up  to  a  foi-;^etfuliies.s  of 
JJut  wlicro  success  follows  ujjon  the  work  of  ur  hands, 
on  the  sweat  of  our  brows,  or  the  travail  of  our  souls,  may  tho 
)iniise  and  honor  bo  rendered  to  Thee  who  giveth  life  and  health 
and  In-eath  and  all  things — tho  strength  to  toil,  tho  skill  to  plan, 
and  moans  to  execute. 

Continue  to  us,  we  entreat  thee,  thy  benignant  smiles.  Sanc- 
tify our  privileges.  ]Jless  every  useful  industrial  pm-suit  prose- 
cuted among  us.  Multi[>ly  the  commercial,  and  strengthen  tho 
friendly  aiid  social  ties  which  knit  us  to  our  fellow  kind.  And  do 
thou,  ()  Father,  who  hast  made  of  one  blood  all  the  nations  of 
the  earth,  imitc  them  in  one  great  family.  Teach  them  to  bo 
lovers  of  concord.  May  they  drink  of  the  spirit  of  a  conmion 
Lord  and  Saviour.  May  rulers  and  people,  princes  and  subjects 
alike  bow  to  t!r;  sceptre  of  his  grace.  May  they  learn  from  him, 
along  with  the  truth  which  sanctifies,  the  arts  which  conduce  to 
humanity,  to  civilization  and  peace.  May  wars  and  fightings, 
cruelty  and  injustice,  the  lust  of  aggression  and  compiest,  and 
every  species  of  iron  despotism  over  the  bodies,  the  consciences 
and  the  souls  of  men,  come  to  a  speedy  end.  May  the  sons  of 
violence  and  strife  beat  their  swords  into  ploughshares,  and  their 
spears  into  pnuiing  hooks.  May  animosities  amongst  nations, 
uncharita1)lcness  betwixt  sects,  bitterness  between  man  and  man, 
every  where  cease.  And  may  the  Aviso  and  e([uitable,  the  be- 
nign and  merciful  principles  of  tho  gospel  of  grace  and  truth, 
obtain  an  universal  and  perpetual  prevalence. 

And  now,  0  Father,  look  down,  we  beseech  thee,  •with  special 
favor  upon  us  thy  children,  on  the  present  occasion.  Smile  upon 
this  vast  assemblage, — and  the  purposes,  so  bright  in  promise,  for 
which  it  has  been  gathered  here,  and  within  our  city  walls,  at  this 
season  jubilant.  May  they  bo  crowned  Avith  joyful  issues.  Bless 
them  who  exercise  rule — the  Executive  Head  of  our  country,  an<l 
other  distinguished  functionaries  of  this  Nation,  its  several  States, 
and  our  City.  Bless  the  Governor  in  chief  and  others  in  au- 
thority, Avith  the  many  associated  guests,  here  Avelcomed  from 
neighboring  Provinces ;  and  all  of  every  rank  and  class  brought 
together,  in  this  auspicious  hour,  around  this  festive  board. 

Bless,  h^her,  the  fruits  of  thy  bounty  spread  before  us.  May 
thy  hand  be  seen  in  them  all.  Help  us  to  connect  a  sense  of  thy 
goodness  Avith  every  comfort  we  receive.  Whilst  avo  partake  and 
arc  made  glad,  may  we  rcjoioo  in  the  Lord.  And  noAv  as  at  all 
times,  Avhether  avo  eat  or  drink  or  whatever  Ave  do,  may  Ave  do  all 
to  Thy  glory,  through  Jesus  Christ.    Amen. 


'  >  1 


158 


In  about  fifteen  minutes  after  the  commencement  of  the 
repast,  His  Honor  the  Mayor  rose  and  said — 

I  deeply  regret  to  announce,  that  the  President  feels  obliged  to 
leave  us,  thus  early  in  the  feast,  on  his  return  to  Washington, — 
the  hour  for  the  departure  of  the  train  having  arrived.  Let  not, 
however,  the  misfortune  of  his  withdrawal  befal  our  assemblage 
befoi'e  Ave  proffer  him  our  respects  in  the  usual  manner :  [Aj)- 
plaust.] 

I  propose — 

"  The  Health  of  the  President  of  the  United  States." 

When  the  enthusiastic  cheers,  which  this  sentiment  called 
forth,  had  subsided,  the  President  rose  and  responded  to  the 
compliment  as  follows — 

Mr.  Mayor  and  Fellow  Citizens  : 

In  ackno'vledging  the  compliment  Avhich  you  have  paid  to  the 
high  office  which  it  is  my  fortune  to  hold,  I  rise  rather  fc  the 
purpose  of  excusing  myself  than  to  make  an  address. 

You  have  been  pleased  to  drink  my  health.  I  would  that  it 
Avcre  as  perfect  on  this  occasion  as  it  usually  is ;  but  unfortunately 
for  me,  a  slight  indisposition  within  the  last  twenty-four  hours  has 
deprived  me  of  the  pleasure  I  should  have  enjoyed  this  day  in 
participating  in  your  exercises ;  and  I  am  now  incapable  of  par- 
taking of  the  tempting  viands  under  which  your  miles  of  table 
groan.  Indeed  I  am  scarcely  able  to  enjoy  "  the  feast  of  reason 
and  the  flow  of  soul."  And  more  than  all  this,  I  am  compelled 
by  imperious  circumstances  to  leave  you  thus  early  in  the  ban- 
quet, because  I  feel  that  my  public  duties  require  that  I  should  be 
at  W^ashington  with  the  utmost  possible  despatch.  I  have  stolen 
from  the  ho)  rs  that  were,  perhaps,  due  to  ;:he  Nation  a  brief  space 
to  meet  my  fellow  citizens  of  Boston.  [Applause.]  I  meet  you 
as  citizens  of  Boston.  On  this  festive  occasion  we  know  no  party 
distinction.  [Applause.]  Nay,  more,  we  scarcely  know  a  na- 
tional distinction.  [Great  applause  iind  cheering.]  There  are 
gathered  at  this  board  the  Briton  and  the  American,  living  under 
different  laws,  but,  thank  God,  representing  two  of  the  freest  na- 
tions under  the  sun.  [Cheering.]  The  asperity  that  was  engen- 
dered by  the  revolution  which  separated  us  from  our  mother 
country,  I  am  happy  to  say,  has  long  since  disappeared,  and  we 
meet  like  brethren  of  the  same  family.  Speaking  the  same 
language,  and  enjoying  the  same  religion — are  we  not  one? 
[Applause.] 

I  trust.  Fellow  Citizens,  that  the  unfortunate  necessity  which 
compels  me  to  leave  you  thus  early  on  this  ccasion,  will  induce 


159 


no  one  to  leave  the  table  on  my  account.  I  trust  particularly 
that  his  Lordship,  the  Governor  General  of  Canada,  ■will  remain 
with  you.  [Applause.]  I  know  that  he,  and  those  with  whom 
he  is  associated,  will  receive  from  you,  as  they  have  already  re- 
ceived, a  most  cordial  greeting.     [Applause.] 

Fellow  Citizens ; — I  cannot  say  more,  but  my  heart  is  full.  I 
had  no  conception  of  what  I  have  witnessed  to-day  from  my  win- 
dow. I  thought,  when  I  entered  your  city,  that  I  saw  Boston  in 
all  its  glory.  I  knew  that  it  had  its  "  merchant  princes,"  but  I 
did  not  know  until  to-day,  that  it  had  its  mechanic  noblemen  of 
nature.     [Great  applause  and  cheering.] 

But,  Fellov/  Citizens,  pardon  me,  and  pennit  me  to  bid  you 
adieu.  I  can  assure  you  that  this  joyous  occasion  will  be  remem- 
bered by  me,  and  that,  to  the  latest  hour  of  my  life,  I  shall  look 
back  upon  it  with  delight.  May  our  glorious  IJnion,  which  sheds 
its  inestimable  blessings  over  twenty-five  millions  of  happy  people, 
continue  until  time  shall  be  no  more.     [Nine  cheers.] 

As  soon  as  silence  was  restored,  Lord  Elgin  rose  and 
said — 

One  single  word.  [Three  cheers.]  I  should  have  felt  it  my 
bounden  duty  to  follow  the  President  of  the  United  States  out  of 
this  room,  if  he  had  not  interposed  to  prevent  me  from  doing  so. 
But  I  do  not  forget  that  while  I  am  on  the  territory  of  the  United 
States,  I  am  under  his  authority.  [xVpplause.]  As,  therefore,  he 
has  imposed  upon  me  liis  commands  to  remain  with  you,  most 
certainly  I  shall  remain.  [Applause.]  And  I  must  say  that  I 
never  received  an  order,  Avhich  more  completely  jumped  with  my 
o\Yn  wishes.     [Laughter  and  applause.] 

The  President,  after  having  cordially  shaken  hands  with 
Lord  Elgin,*  the  Mayor  and  others,  left  the  Pavilion ;  when 
the  Hon.  A.  H.  H.  Stewart,  having  been  called  upon,  replied 
briefly  as  follows — 

Gentlemen, — 

I  have  no  time  to  respond  to  your  flattering  call  for  a  speech. 
The  President  has  told  you  that  the  hour  for  our  departure  has 
come.  1  can  only  speak  with  the  manly  frankness  of  a  true 
Virginian,  and  say,  God  bless  Massachusetts !  God  bless  New 
England  I     God  bless  you  all  I     [Applause.] 

*  As  the  Prcsidont  hold  Lord  Elgin's  Iiand  for  a  considerable  time,  across  the 
breast  of  the  mayor  (whose  position  intervened,)  the  cheers  of  the  conipany  were 
deafening  and  prolonged, — seemingly  ratifying  the  cordial  relations,  so  indicated, 
us  existing  between  the  kindred  nations,  and  recognizing  Boston  as  furnishing  a 
new  bond  of  mutual  goodwill. 


II 


I 


^i 


Mi  'I 


y 


iGO 


A  like  call  was  made  upon  the  Hon.  Charles  M.  Conrad, 
to  which  he  responded  as  follows — 

Gentlemen, — 

I  am  summoned  to  depart,  otherwise  I  should  have  taken  great 
pleasure  in  addressing  a  few  remarks  to  you,  on  this,  one  of  the 
most  agreeable  moments  of  my  life.  I  go  away  from  Boston  Avith 
the  frank  declaration — although  I  said  a  few  days  ago  that  I  was 
not  a  stranger  upon  your  soil — with  the  frank  declaration  that  I 
have  never  before  known  what  Boston  was.  [Applause.]  I  have 
never  before  known  the  heartiness,  the  cordiaUty,  the  warmth,  of 
the  true  New  England  character.  But  the  acquaintance,  T  have 
now  had  the  happiness  to  make  with  it,  satisfies  me  that  it  has 
not  degenerated  from  that  of  the  forefathers  of  the  country. 
I  regret  exceedingly  that  I  am  compelled  to  take  this  unceremo- 
nious and  abrupt  departure,  and  to  interrupt  the  flow  of  your 
festivity  by  so  sudden  a  retreat ;  but  you  know  the  necessity  for 
it.  The  President  awaits  me,  and  I  bid  you  farewell — I  hope  a 
short  farewell,  and  that  it  will  not  be  long  before  I  shall  have  an 
opportunity  to  revisit  Boston,  and  to  pay  my  respects  to  her 
citizens,  and  especially  to  friends  with  whose  public  life  I  have 
long  been  acquainted,  but  whose  acquaintance  I  have  now  formed 
in  their  private  capacity,  and  at  home.  Gentlemen,  I  bid  you 
farewell,  and  wish  to  all  of  you,  all  poss^ole  prosperity  and  happi- 
ness.    [Applause.] 

Messrs.  Stuart  and  Conrad,  then  having  taken  a  courte- 
ous leave  of  Lord  Elgin,  the  Mayor  and  others,  left  the 
pavilion. 

The  MayoR; — Lord  Elgin  says  he  is  not  afraid  to  shake 
hands  even  with  our  Secretary  of  War,     [Laughter.] 

Due  attention  was  then  given  to  the  more  commonplace 
but  equally  obvious  duties  of  the  occasion,  which  had  been 
entirely  neglected  during  this  episode,  and  a  sufficient  time 
was  allowed  to  do  justice  to  the  really  excellent  repast  which 
had  been  provided. 

The  Mayor  then  arose,  and  introduced  the  more  attractive 
and  important  part  of  the  banciuet  as  follows — 

Gkntlejien, — 

This  is  a  proud  and  memorable  day  for  Boston.  We  commemo- 
rate the  completion  of  works  that  cannot  fail  to  enhance  her 
wealth  and  greatness  ;  and  the  celebration  is  honored  by  an 
assemblage  as  truly  noble  as  was  ever  convened  for  similar  pur- 


161 


poses,  in  this  or  any  other  country.  It  is  a  vast  gathering  of  the 
Anglo-Saxons  (and  those  of  other  races  Avho  have  united  -with 
liiem)  of  North  America.  Tlic  Chief  Magistrate  of  the  Anieri- 
ciin  branch  of  tliat  great  family  has  come  to  the  feast,  and  saluted 
his  cliildren, — while  the  Governor  (jeneral  of  Canada  is  here  to 
speak  for  our  kindred  under  British  rule.  The  elder  and  the 
younger  brothers  are  sitting  at  one  common  tabic. 

The  meeting  being  thus  held,  under  the  apparent  auspices  of 
two  mighty  nations,  with  the  ceremonies  appropriate  to  their  ob- 
ject, calls  to  mind,  not  unnaturally,  the  celebrated  meeting  of 
Henry  of  England  and  Francis  of  France,  with  their  followers, 
upon  the  "  Field  of  the  Cloth  of  (lold."  Splendid  as  was  that 
pageant,  the  lustre  of  which  is  unsurpassed  in  the  annals  of  pomp, 
yet  in  moral  grandeur  it  does  not  compare  with  this  less  ambitious 
gathering.  Tlott  meeting  Avas  arranged  for  the  purpose  of  consoli- 
clating  alliances,  and  planning  wars,  for  the  personal  aggrandize- 
ment of  the  high  contracting  parties, — "  to  shut  the  gates  of  mercy 
on  mankind."  Tliis  meeting  is  held  to  celebrate  the  triumphs  of  the 
arts  of  Peace ;  to  rejoice  in  the  result  of  enterprises  which  tend 
to  cultivate  good  will  among  men,  to  promote  their  material  inter- 
ests, and  augment  the  sum  of  human  happiness, 

Boston  takes  occasion,  in  this  presence,  to  acknowledge,  with 
lionest  pride,  that  her  founders  were  Britons.  We  claim,  as  New 
Englanders,  that  the  history  of  the  British  people ,,  until  a  compara- 
tively recent  period,  is  our  history, — that  the  poets,  statesmen, 
philosophers,  patriots,  and  warriors, — in  a  word,  the  myriads  of 
the  good  and  great,  who  for  many  centuries  contributed  to 
the  happiness  and  glory  of  the  British  Isles,  were  the  brethren, 
the  fellow-countrymen  of  our  ancestors.  Indeed,  when  we  hear 
it  said  that  '•  the  sun  never  sets  upon  the  dominions  of  Great 
Britain,"  we  think  of  it  with  kindred  interest, — principally,  how- 
ever, in  reference  to  a  great  moral  fact,  rather  than  the  question 
of  her  mere  territorial  greatness.  That  colossal  empire  may 
crumble  and  fall  in  pieces :  but  the  sun  will  never  cease  to  shine 
upon  regions,  all  round  the  globe,  where  principles  or  institutions 
derived  from  Britons  or  their  American  brethren,  will  exist  and 
tiourish  for  the  enlightenment  and  happiness  of  mankhid. 

These  views,  of  the  progress  and  position  of  our  common  race, 
lead  to  the  consideration  of  the  special  purpos'",for  which  this  goodly 
company  is  no^v•  convened.  !<■  is,  that  we  may  rejoice  together 
upon  the  accomplishment  of  ^.^antic  enterprises,  uniting  this  city 
with  Canada  and  the  Great  West,  in  social  aiid  business  relations 
of  the  most  auspicious  character  to  all  })arties  concerned.  The 
pledge  that  Boston  gives  that  she  haG  the  si)irit  and  ability  to 
improve  these  new  advantages,  is  a  reference  to  the  fact  that  she 
Itecamo  a  large  and  an  important  city,  lo-  ^  before  she  possessed 
fiuv  facilities  of  intercourse  with  i\.    '    -nov^  other  than  our  com- 


■;■  ij 


t  ■\-'  f;  ifl 


1 

t 


162 


mon  roads.  'I'lie  sterile  soil,  the  rugged  surface,  the  stern  cliinate, 
and  deficiency  of  navigable  streams  in  New  England,  Avould  have 
seemod  to  render  it  improbable  that  it  Avould  ever  be  considerably 
peopled,  or  that  any  great  commercial  mart  would  arise  within  its 
borders.  But  the  principles  of  civil  and  religious  freedom,  estab- 
lished by  the  Pilgrims  and  their  successors,  aided  by  the  universal 
diifu?ion  of  education,  gave  rise  to  a  spirit  of  intelligent  industry, 
which  overcame  every  obstacle  to  prosperity  and  wealth.  Tlie 
region  sneeringly  stigmatized  as  having  "  no  natural  productions 
but  granite  and  ice,"  now  teems  with  three  millions  of  the  childroi 
of  freedom,  and  its  metropolis  has  long  since  ranked  with  the  prom- 
inent cities  of  the  globe.  Recently,  science  and  art,  backed  bv 
the  accumulated  wealth  of  two  centuries  of  industrious  thrift,  have 
come  to  our  aid,  to  relieve  us  from  the  natural  isolation  of  our  posi- 
tion. Hills  have  been  cut  in  sunder,  vallies  have  been  filled  up, 
and  running  waters  have  been  spanned,  to  facilitate  our  communi- 
cation with  every  section  of  the  land.  Our  iron  pathways  are  our 
rivers,  and  they  more  than  compensate  for  deficiency  of  natural 
channels.  They  follow  the  routes,  and  terminate  at  the  exact 
points,  indicated  by  our  judgment  or  wishes.  They  allow  of 
velocity  of  transit,  of  which  no  water  courses  admit ;  they  arc 
never  frozen  by  the  Avintcr's  blast,  nor  is  their  passage  dangerous 
in  autumnal  storms.  And  now,  from  the  North  and  the  iSoutli, 
from  the  East  and  the  West,  they  roll  down  to  us  their  precious 
argosies,  laden  with  the  products  of  a  continent.  A  people  who 
could  achieve  a  distinguished  mercantile  position  under  r^ost  dis- 
couraging and  repelling  circumstances,  may  be  depended  upon  to 
avail  themselves,  to  the  full,  of  these,  their  new  and  ex^""aordinary 
advantages. 

I  have  alluded  to  our  Puritan  forefathers,  and  I  should  lic 
unworthy  of  the  trust  Avhich  their  descendants  have  coir  .litted  to 
ray  bands,  if  I  did  not  pay  an  affectionate  tribute  to  their  memory, 
on  an  occasion  like  this.  Boston  owes  to  them  not  only  her  exis- 
tence, but  the  principles  and  institutions  Avhich  have  illustrated  licr 
history,  and  given  her  a  name  and  an  eminent  rank  among  tlie 
cities  of  the  earth.  Pioneers  of  modern  emigration — virtual 
founders  of  an  empire, — they  sleep  in  their  humble  graves,  by  the 
hill-side  or  in  the  valley,  with  rarely  a  stone  to  mark  their  dwell- 
ings of  rest.  But  Boston  is  their  especial  monument,  and  the  influ- 
ence of  their  fives  and  actions  pervades  the  world.  It  is  true  that 
the  Pilgrims  had  errors  of  judgment  and  practice,  which  I  will 
neither  palliate  nor  deny ;  but  these  Avere  as  spots  on  the  sun. 
compared  Avith  their  substantial  virtues.  It  is  true  that  they  not 
unfrequently  manifested  an  exclusive  spirit,  and  exercised  that 
persecuting  intolerance  in  the  Avllderness,  Avhicli  they  had  de- 
nounced, and  fled  from,  in  Europe.    But  even  their  most  repellin;^; 


I 


163 


and  objectionable  points  of  character  had,  under  God,  a  manifest 
influence  in  fulfilling  his  great  designs.  They  prevented  t'le  pres- 
encn,  or  interference,  of  meddlesome  adventurers,  ^\•\\o  had  little 
gynipalh}'  for  the  cause  of  civil  and  religious  liberty,  or  impracti- 
cable enthusiasts,  whose  teachings  and  conduct  practically  tended 
to  retard  tlie  growth  and  prosperity  of  "  the  Christian  Common- 
wealth." In  this  connection,  my  Lord,  [here  the  Mayor  turned 
to  the  Earl  of  Elgin,]  permit  mo  to  borrow  an  illustration  from 
tlie  thistle,  which  is  the  national  emblem  of  your  own  glorious  old 
Scotland.  Its  flower  opens  to  the  light  amidst  thorns  and  briery 
foliage.  But  these  are  its  safeguards ;  they  repel  the  intrusive 
hand  of  the  spoiler,  and  enable  it  to  bloom  in  beauty  and  hi 
peace. 

But  I  will  no  longer  postpone  the  salutations,  which  Boston 
respectfully  tenders,  on  this  joyous  occasion.  To-morrow  our 
festival  will  have  terminated ;  our  tents  of  jubilee  will  be  struck, 
and  many  of  you  will  be  far  away  on  your  return  to  your 
pleasant  homes.  But  to-day  you  are  our  honoreu  guests.  I  bid 
you  welcome,  rulers  and  ruled ;  statesmen,  scholar^,  soldiers,  far- 
mers, mechanics  and  merchants.  Welcome !  ye  from  the  banks 
of  the  Ottawa,  the  Chaudii're,  the  St.  Lawrence,  the  Niagara,  and 
the  St.  John.  Welcome  from  the  shores  of  Erie,  Ontario,  Hu- 
ron, Michigan  and  Superior.  Welcome,  from  the  borders  of  the 
Penobscot,  Kennebec,  Connecticut,  Hudson,  Delaware,  Susque- 
hannah  and  Potomac, — the  waters  of  the  sunny  South,  and  of  the 
\'alley  of  the  Mississippi  and  her  tributaries.  Welcome  from  every 
city,  town  and  hamlet  which  is  here  represented.  Welcome ! 
Englishmen,  Scotchmen,  Irishmen,  Frenchmen,  Germans  and 
Americans.  Welcome !  thrice  welcome !  are  you  all,  to  the  Pil- 
grim City,  and  the  Pilgrim  Feast ! 

This  address  was  listened  to  with  marked  attention,  and 
repeated  bursts  of  applause.  The  allusion  to  the  Thistle  of 
Scotland  was  particularly  well  received.  After  a  brief  pause, 
the  Mayor  again  arose  and  proposed  the  following  sentiment : 

"  The  health  of  her  Majesty,  the  Queen  of  the  United  Kingdom 
of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland." 

This  toast  was  received  with  nine  such  cheers  as  would 
have  made  her  Majesty,  had  she  been  present,  forget  that  she 
was  beyond  the  limits  of  her  own  dominions  ;  and  the  band 
struck  up  the  tune  "  God  save  the  dueen,"  as  if  to  complete 
the  illusion. 

Lord  Elgin,  in  rising  to  respond  to  the  sentiment,  was  mos* 
cordially  greeted,  and  spoke  as  follows  : 


■Til 

ill 

III 

'■It 

UP  »• 

liwi  r. 


n 

en 

■H 

i\ 

lilHHI 

[  1 

yH^Hi' 

■■ 

^^B 

i 

H 

In 

Wb 

!; 

III 

l^Hi 

m 

!■  , 

1 

1 

1' 

ii  ' 

|i 

'    (' 

1 

' 

Bii 

■  )l| 

1     i 

1' 

11 

m 

'1 

li 

|J 

Wk 

I 


164: 


Mr.  Mayor  and  Gentlemen, — 

It  is  not  very  customary,  with  us,  for  any  iudividual  to  take  it 
upon  himself  to  return  thanks  for  the  toast  which  you  have  just 
now  so  cordiah^-.  so  enthusiastically  drank.  I  feel  au  additional 
ditficulty  in  rising  to  discharge  that  duty  at  this  time,  because  I 
have  at  my  left  hand  a  gentleman  who  tills  an  impor^  >.nt  diplomatic 
situation  in  this  country,  [alluding  to  the  lion.  Mr.  Crauiptou] 
and  from  Avhom  a  response  to  this  toast  would  come,  perhaps,  more 
ajipropriately  than  from  myself.  In  obedience,  however,  to  the  call 
of  His  Honor,  the  ^layor.  and  in  compliance,  1  believe,  with  the 
wishes  of  my  friend  on  the  left,  I  rise  to  express,  in  the  name  of  all 
British  subjects  here  present — for  I  feel  that  every  one  of  thciii 
has  an  equal  right  with  myself  to  answer  this  toast — Canadians, 
Englishmen,  Scotchmen  and  Irishmen, — on  behalf  of  all  I  bc;i; 
leave  to  express  our  cordial  and  hearty  thanks  for  the  manner  in 
which  this  toast  has  been  received  bv  you. 

Gentlemen,  as  I  have  the  honor  to  address  a  company  winch 
consists,  in  the  greater  part,  of  persons  who  live  under  diftbrent 
institutions  from  myself,  perhaps  I  may  be  permitted  to  observe 
that  we  British  sui)jects  honor  and  respect  our  Queen,  not  only 
because  of  her  exemplary  character,  her  many  public  and  private 
virtues,  and  the  singular  tact  and  firmness  which  has  enabled  her 
to  secure  the  well-being  of  her  own  people,  and  to  pronwte  cor- 
diality and  good  will  among  the  nations  of  the  earth,  but  also 
because  we  recognize,  in  the  constitutional  and  hereditary  throne 
upon  which  she  is  seated,  the  symbol  of  our  national  unity,  and 
the  type  of  the  continuity  of  our  existence  as  a  people.  [Ap- 
plause.] 

Allow  me.  Gentlemen,  as  there  seems  to  be  in  America  some 
little  misconception  on  these  points,  to  observe,  that  we,  monarch- 
ists though  we  be,  enjoy  the  advantages  of  self-government,  of 
popular  elections,  of  deliberative  assemblies,  with  their  attendant 
blessings  of  caucuses,  stump  orators,  lobbyings  and  log-rollings — 
[Laughter] — and  I  am  not  sure  but  we  sometimes  have  a  little 
pipe-laying — [Roriowed  laughter] — almost,  if  not  altogether,  in 
equal  perfection  with  yourselves.  I  must  own.  Gentlemen,  that  I 
was  exceedingly  amused  the  other  day,  when  one  of  the  gentle- 
men who  did  me  the  honor  to  visit  me  at  Toronto,  bearing  the  invi- 
tation of  the  Common  Couiicil  and  the  Corporation  of  the  City  of 
Boston,  observed  to  me,  with  the  utmost  gravity,  that  he  had  been 
delighted  to  find,  upon  entering  our  Legislative  Assembly  at 
Toronto,  that  there  was  ([uite  as  much  liberty  of  speech  there  as 
in  any  body  of  the  kind  ho  had  ever  visited.  [Laughter.]  I 
could  not  help  thinking  that  if  my  kind  friend  would  only  favor  u^ 
with  his  company  in  Canada  for  a  few  weeks,  we  should  bo  able  to 


165 


e  manner  iii 


merica  some 


demonstrate,  to  his  entire  satisfaction,  tliat  tlic  toni^uc  is  (|nitc  as 
"  unruly  "  a  "  member  "  on  the  north  side  of  the  line  as  or  this  side. 
[Renewed  lau;^htcr.] 

Xow,  Gentlemen,  you  must  not  expect  it,  for  I  have  not  the 
voice  for  it,  and  I  cannot  pretend  to  undertake  to  make  a  re,!j;uhir 
speech  to  you.  I  belong  to  a  ])eo[)lo  wlio  arc  notoriously  slow  of 
speech.  [Laughter.]  If  any  doubt  ever  existed  on  this  point,  it 
must  have  been  set  at  rest  by  the  verdict  Avhich  a  high  authority 
has  recently  pronounced.  A  distinguished  American — a  member 
of  the  Senate  of  the  United  States,  who  has  lately  boon  in  J''ng- 
land,  informs  his  countrymen,  on  his  return,  that  sadly  backward 
as  poor  John  Bull  is  in  many  things,  in  no  one  pai'ticular  does  ho 
make  so  lamentable  a  failure  as  when  he  trios  his  hand  at  ])ublic 
speaking.  [Laughter.]  Now,  Gentlemen,  deferring,  as  J.  feel 
bound  to  do,  to  that  high  authority,  and  conscious  that  in  no  jiar- 
ticular  do  I  more  faithfully  repi'esent  my  countrymen  than  in  my 
stammering  tongue  and  embarrassed  utterance,  [continued  laugh- 
ter,] you  may  judge  what  my  feelings  are  when  I  am  asked  to 
address  an  assembly  like  this,  convened  under  the  hospitable  aus- 
pices of  the  Corporation  of  Boston,  I  believe  to  the  tune  of  some 
four  thousand,  iu  this  State  of  Massachusetts,  a  State  which  is  so 
famous  for  its  orators  and  its  statesmen,  a  State  that  can  lioast  of 
Franklins,  and  Adamses,  and  Everetts,  and  AVinthrops  and  Law- 
rences, and  Sumners  and  Bigelows,  and  a  host  of  other  distin- 
guished men  ;  a  State,  moreover,  which  is  the  chosen  home,  if  not 
the  birthplace  cf  the  illustrious  Secretary  of  State  of  the  American 
Union.     [Api)lause.] 

But,  Gentlemen,  although  I  cannot  make  a  speech  to  you,  I 
must  tell  you,  in  the  plain  and  homely  way  in  which  John  Bull 
tries  to  express  his  feelings  when  his  heart  is  full — that  is  to  say, 
when  they  do  not  choke  him  and  prevent  his  utterance  altogether 
[sensation] — in  that  homely  way  I  nuist  express  to  you  hoAv 
deeply  grateful  I  and  all  Avho  are  with  me  [hear,  hear,]  feel  for 
the  kind  and  gratifying  reception  we  have  met  with  in  the  city  of 
Boston.  For  myself,  I  may  say  that  the  citizens  of  Boston  could 
not  have  conferred  upon  me  a  greater  favor  than  that  which  they 
have  conferred,  in  inviting  me  to  this  festival,  and  in  thus  enabling 
me  not  only  to  receive  the  hand  of  kindness  which  has  been 
extended  to  me  by  the  authorities  of  the  city  and  of  the  State, 
but  also  giving  me  the  opportunity,  which  I  never  had  before,  and 
perhaps  may  never  have  again,  of  paying  my  respects  to  the  Presi- 
dent of  the  United  States.  [Applause.]  And  although  it  would  ill 
become  me,  a  stranger,  to  presume  to  eulogise  the  conduct  or  the 
services  of  President  Fillmore,  yet  as  a  bystander,  as  an  observer, 
and  by  no  means  an  indifferent  or  careless  observer,  of  your  pro- 
gress and  prosperity,  I  think  I  may  venture  to  arlirm  that  it  is  the 
opinion  of  all  impartial  men  that  President  Fillmore  will  occ.ipy 


i;    H 

i 

I'rS 

11 

ill 

■K  I 

{    B 

n 

I'tH 

1 

Rli 

ll 

■ 

i«;6 


an  honoraMo  place  on  the  roll  of  illustrious  men  on  whoni  the 
mantle  of  Washington  has  fallen.    [Applause  and  cheers.] 

Somebody  must  va-ite  to  the  President,  and  toll  him  how  that 
remark  about  him  was  received.     [Laughter.] 

(jrentlemen :  I  have  always  felt  a  very  deep  interest  in  the  pro- 
gress of  the  lines  of  railway  communication,  of  Avhich  we  are  now 
assembled  to  celebrate  the  complet'on  The  first  railway  that  I 
ev,>r  travelled  upon  in  Nor'  Amr  '  v  fr  -ms  part  ot'the  iron  band 
"<  ich  now  unites  '*Ton  ref.^  '-^^  .  u.  1  had  the  pleasure,  about 
five  years  ago,  of  travellin'!;  ■  i.*;  -i  fi;i  nd  of  mine,  Avhom  I  see  now 
present — Governor  Paine  -I  i'l-  :U  a-v  fn,r  as  Concord,  upon  that 
line. 

Ex-Gov.  Paint;,  of  Averment — It  was  Franklin. 

Lord  Elgin — He  contradicts  me  ;  he  says  it  was  not  Concord, 
but  Franklin ;  but  I  Avill  make  a  statemcni  which  I  am  sure  he 
will  not  contradict ;  it  is  this — that  although  we  travelled  together 
two  or  three  days — after  leaving  the  cars,  over  bad  roads,  and  in 
all  sorts  of  ((ucer  conveyances,  we  never  reached  a  place  which 
we  could  with  any  propriety  have  christened  Discord.  [Laughter 
and  applause.] 

But,  Gentlemen,  although  I  take  a  deep  interest  in  these  lines, 
I  must  tell  you,  because  I  never  wish  to  sail  under  false  colors, 
that  the  interest  which  I  take  in  them  is  not  exclusive  :  for  I  am 
free  to  confess  that  there  are  other  lines,  some  in  progress  and 
some  prospective,  which  are  destined  to  connect  Canada  with  the 
Ocean,  in  Avhich  I  feel  an  interest  not  less  livelv.  But  I  come 
here  to  express  my  sense  of  the  great  obligation  Avhich  the 
trading  interests  of  America  generally,  those  of  Canada  included, 
owe  to  the  citizens  of  Bostor ,  for  their  liberality  and  enterprise, 
not  only  because  they  have  opened  new  channels  of  trade,  but 
also  because  by  their  great  outlay  in  these  works,  as  stated  by 
the  Mayor,  and  by  the  satisfactory  results  of  th'ise  outlays,  they 
have  shown  how  materially  the  settlement  of  a  ncAv  country  may 
be  advanced,  how  greatly  the  value  of  property  may  be  in- 
creased, and  how  largely  the  aggregate  wealth  of  the  community 
may  be  augmented  by  expenditures  of  this  kind,  when  judiciously 
conducted.  I  think  that  from  your  example  we  Canadians  will 
return  home,  certainly  not  "sadder,"  but  "wiser"  men  than  we 
came  here.     [Applause.] 

There  was,  also,  allow  me  to  say  it,  another  reason  for  my 
coming  here  at  this  time.  I  wanted  to  show  by  my  presence  here, 
that  I  appreciate  and  value  the  moral  and  social,  as  well  as  the 
economical  effects  of  these  increased  facilities  of  intercourse.  By 
coming  here  over  your  lines,  to  tender  to  you  the  hand  of  good 
fellowshii),  I  wanted  to  shoAv  that  I  was  aware  that  your  lines  are 
made  for  the  transport  of  men  and  women,  as  well  as  for  the  cai 
riage  of  bales  of  goods  and  barrels  of  flour ;  nor  can  I  forget 


167 


that  the  year  '.i  which  I  thus  come  to  tender  to  you  the  hand  of 
ispod  fellowsh",  is  Hkely  to  be  a  niemf  lable  year  in  the  history  of 
oiir  species; — r,at  it  is  a  yen*  ia  wliicli  a  new  phin'-t  has  heen 
added  to  our  so  ,ir  system  ;  .  j.Ianet,  which  lias  heev,  vsitli  siniiu- 
lar  felicity  a  i  singular  appropr.jteness,  christened  Irene,  the 
planet  of  reju...     [Applause.] 

And  f's  I  1  ave  touched  up<>n  tV  point,  allow  me  to  add,  that  1 
have  felt  most  deei)l_y  the  kind  terms  in  which  England  has  been 
alluded  to  by  all  whom  I  have  met  since  I  entered  the  territory 
of  tlie  United  States.  [Applause,  and  cries  of  hear,  hear.]  I 
cannot  say  that  I  feel  surprised  when  1  hear  Americans  speak  in 
the  Avay  in  which  his  Honor  the  M  -or  has  spoken  of  Kngland ; 
but  I  own  that  I  am  surprised,  that  '  am  grieved,  that  J  am,  if 
you  will  allow  the  expression,  shocked,  when  I  hear,  as  I  some- 
times do,  though  much  more  rarely  noAV  than  was  the  case  some 
years  ago,  language  of  a  very  diiFerent  kind  employed  by  Ameri- 
cans when  s))eaking  of  England.  I  remember  that  the  code  of 
an  illustrious  laAv-giver  of  an  ancient  Grecian  Uepublic  Avas 
famous,  because,  although  it  contained  a  vast  mmiber  of  special 
provisions  a  d  details,  relating  to  all  sorts  of  crimes,  it  afiixed  no 
specific  penalty  to  the  crime  of  parricide.  It  Avas  perfectly  Avell 
knoAvn  liOAvever,  that  the  omission  did  not  arise  from  any  doubt  as 
to  Avhether  or  not  parricide  was  a  crime.  And  in  the  same  Avay, 
although  perchance  it  may  be  a  casus  omis.siis  in  the  criminal 
codes  of  your  great  Republic,  I  trust  that  no  true  hearted  Amer- 
ican thinks  that  he  can,  Avithout  being  sadly  Avanting  in  self-respect, 
speak  ungenerously  or  disparagingly  of  his  old  grandniother  on 
the  other  side  of  the  Atlantic.     [Applause.] 

Sir,  it  is  impossible  to  live  as  long  as  I  have  done  in  America, 
Avithout  entering  A'ery  keenly  into  the  feelings  of  pride  and  grati- 
fication Avith  Avhich  Americans,  and  Canadians  too,  talk  of  their 
country.  It  is  AvonderfuUy  progressing,  and  has  Avonderful  re- 
sources. But  Avhen  I  hear  these  blessings  referred  to  in  language 
Avhich  is  somcAvhat  disparaging,  as  respects  other  countries  less 
advantageously  situated,  1  am  reminded  of  an  eloquent  i)assage  in 
the  Avritings  of  an  clo(|nent  friend  of  mine  noAV  no  more,  the  lato 
Dr.  Chalmers,  in  Avliich  he  refers  to  the  simultaneous  discovery  of 
the  telescope  and  the  microscope — and,  in  his  gorgeous  and  em- 
phatic language,  dilates  upon  the  light  shed  by  each  in  its  respec- 
tive sphere  upon  the  beneficence,  the  Avisdom,  and  the  power  of 
the  Almighty.  1  am  tempted,  I  say,  to  address  a  speaker  Avho 
indulges  :n  the  lan^^age  I  have  described  in  some  such  terms  as 
these : 

"  Sir,  AA-hen  you  hav'c  satisfied  your  gaze  by  contemplating  the 
magnificent  scene  spread  out  before  you ;  Avhen,  Avith  the  aid  of 
the  telescope,  you  have  scanned  those  mighty  prairies  Avhich  the 
ploughshire  has  not  yet  broken  :  when  you  have  cast  your  eye 


m 


■.t:r; 


168 


over  tliose  boundless  forests  which  tlie  axe  has  not  yet  touched  ; 
when  you  have  surveyed  those  extensive  territories  unih'Hiiin  liy 
vahuiblo  mineral  fields,  which  the  cupidity  of  man  has  not  vet 
ritled;  when  you  have  done  all  this  to  yom-  heart's  content,  just 
lay  your  telescope  aside,  and  take  this  little  microscope  from  me. 
I  will  show  you  a  little  Island  far  hidden  behind  that  eastern 
wave  ;  an  island  so  diminutive  that  you  mi;.i;ht  take  it  up  bodily, 
and  toss  it  into  the  lakes  which  lie  between  the  C'anadas  and  the 
United  States,  without  filling  them  up  ;  but  which,  nevertheless, 
as  my  friend,  the  Mayor,  has  pointed  out,  was  the  source  from 
whence  came  forth  the  valor  and  the  might  which  laid  on  this 
continent  the  foundations  of  Empire, — [Applause,] — from  whence 
came  also  the  Avisdom  and  moderation,  the  happy  coml)ination  of 
a  love  of  liberty  with  a  respect  for  order  and  law,  in  the  absence 
of  which,  permit  mo  to  say  it,  you  can  liave  no  sufficient  security 
that  Emi)iro  will  \)YO\c  enduring. 

Xow,  gentlemen,  before  I  take  my  seat, — permit  mc  to  close, — 
[C'ries  of  "  go  on."]  why,  Gentlemen,  it  nmst  bo  the  air  of 
]3oston,  for  1  never  made  so  long  a  speech  before  in  my  life. 
[Laughter.]     1  will  now  offer  you  as  a  sentiment — 

"  Prosperity  to  the  trade  and  the  city  of  Boston." 

No  one,  I  am  sure,  will  question  the  sincerity  with  which  T 
propose  this  toast ;  for  most  assuredly,  if  I  did  not  wish  well  to 
the  trade  and  the  city  of  ]>oston,  I  should  not  be  here  now.  It 
may  be,  that  some  of  those  western  towns,  which  spring  up  in  a 
niglit,  and  jtass  in  the  twinkling  of  an  eye  from  small  villages  to 
mighty  cities,  may,  as  respects  population  merely,  have  advanced 
more  rapidly  than  Boston ;  but  there  is  a  stability  and  a  solidity 
about  Boston,  Avhich  I  must  say  is  agreeable  to  ?.::  old  countryman 
like  myself. 

I  SCO  buildings  in  ]joston,  which  look  as  if  intended  not  only 
for  the  owners,  but  for  their  sons,  and  their  sons'  sons  to  live  in, 
after  they  are  dead  and  gone.  I  know  it  has  been  the  practice 
to  say,  that  a  Yankee  would  not  be  satisfied  with  Paradise,  if 
there  was  any  place  farther  west  to  which  he  could  go.  [Laugh- 
ter.] But  I  think  it  is  very  clear,  that  a  good  many  genuine 
Yankees  have  found  Boston  an  exceedingly  proper  place  for  a 
permanent  location,  although  it  happens  to  be  one  of  the  most 
easterly  })oints  of  the  continent. 

As  to  the  citizens  of  Boston,  I  shall  not  attempt  to  detail  their 
merits,  for  their  name  is  Legion ;  but  there  is  one  merit,  which 
r  do  not  like  to  i)ass  unnoticed,  because  they  always  seem  to  have 
possessed  it  in  the  highest  perfection.  It  is  the  virtue  of  courage. 
Upon  looking  very  accurately  into  history,  I  find  one  occasion, 
and  one  only  u})ou  which  it  appears  to  me  that  their  courage 
entirely  failed  them.     I  see  a  great  many  military  men  pre';,v;n*. 


l()i) 


•  couraf'e 


and  T  Jiiii  afi-;ii(l  that  they  will  call  mo  to  account  for  this  olisorva- 
tiuii ;  [I;ui.i:;htcr.] — luul  what  do  you  think  that  occiidiou  was '.''  I  'iiul, 
I'roi.i  the  most  authentic  records,  that  the  citizens  of  JJostou  were 
iilti);j;cthcr  canied  away  by  jjanic  when  it  was  first  iiroposed  to 
])uild  a  railroad  from  Boston  to  I'rovidence,  under  the  apprehcn- 
.siuu  that  they  themselves,  their  wives  and  their  children,  their 
stores  and  their  ^oods,  and  all  they  possessed,  would  bo  swallowed 
up  bodily  by  New  York.     [Lauj^hter.] 

[  hope  that  Boston  has  wholly  recovered  from  that  panic.  I 
tliiidv  it  is  some  evidence  of  it,  tliat  she  has  laid  out  fifty  millions 
in  railways  since  that  time.  I  bo;^  leavo  to  ofler  the  sentiment  [ 
proposed  a  ftnv  minutes  a^o,  and  to  express  my  earnest  hope  that 
the  city  of  Hoston  may  pass  0((ually  unscathed  throuifh  all  the 
difficulties  she  may  have  to  encounter  in  her  path  of  onward 
progress.     I  give  you,  (icntlomen, 

Prosperity  to  the  trade  and  tho  City  of  Boston. 

The  toast  was  received  with  cheers,  in  which  Lord  Klgiii 
took  the  lead  ;  after  which  three  tremendous  cheers  were 
spontaneously  given  by  all  the  vast  assembly  for  his  lordship 
himself. 

The  Mayor  then  rose  and  said  : — Gentlemen,  I  give  you  as 
the  next  sentiment, 

"  The  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts," 

and  I  have  the  honor  to  present  to  you  His  Excellency  Gov- 

EUNOn  BOUTWKLL. 

The  Goveunor  was  received  with  cheers,  and  replied  as 
follows : 

Mr.  Mayoii  and  Gentlembn, — 

In  what  language  shall  I  speak  for  Massachusetts  ?  How,  on 
an  occasion  like  this,  can  I  utter  Avith  distinctness  and  power,  as 
I  desire  to  do,  tho  sentiments  which  I  feel  when  a  name  so  dear 
to  all  her  sons  is  received  with  such  ardor  and  enthusiasm,  and 
by  so  largo  an  assemblage  of  men ;  some  of  whom  owe  nothing  to 
her  except  the  satisfaction  of  observing  in  her  annals  some  re- 
semblance to  the  country  to  which  they  belong. 

Massachusetts  is  not  hero  to-day  to  speak  for  herself.  You 
have  taken  by  the  hand  the  citizens  of  her  metropolis  ;  but  her 
yeomen — from  her  hills,  her  mountains,  and  her  valleys — are  not 
here  to  speak  to  you. 

Iler  citizens  ui)Ou  tho  coast — those  who  "  go  down  to  tho  sea 
in  ships," — arc  not  here  to  reply  to  you.  lUv  mechanics  you 
have  seen  to-day  collected  together  in  the  streets  of  tho  city,  and 


Hit! 


1^ 


17(1 


you  liavo  witnessed  Hpccimeiia  of  their  handiwork.  I  nm  snn>, 
they  desire  that  tlie  kimlness  which  lla^!  heanied  iVom  the  i'ficcH 
ot"  those  yon  have  scon,  and  tho  cordial  sentiments  of  re;^ard 
which  liave  heen  expressed  by  tiiosc  Avhom  you  have  met,  may  ho 
taken  as  expressive  of  tho  sentiments  of  the  State,  ami  of  tho 
feclinf^s  which  exist  in  every  hreast,  amon;:;  her  citizens.  They  all 
desire  to  ^ivo  a  hearty  wolcouio  to  our  brethren  from  the  other 
side  of  the  line. 

Massachusetts  welcomes  you,  Gentlemen.  Peaci;  is  her  motto, 
to-day,  henceforth  and  forever.  ^Vhy  shoidd  wo  be  Jcali»iis 
of  our  ancient  enemy':'  You  will  pardon  me  for  alluding;  to 
the  fact  tiiat  our  countries  havo  at  times  been  enemies.  Is  it 
not  true  that  we  have  a  similar  history,  similar  political  ])nnciplos, 
and  a  similar  destiny?  Do  we  not  bc^in  to  date  the  liberty  of 
both  coimtries  from  tho  year  1"21')  of  our  connnon  era? 

It  has  boon  well  observed  that  no  man  could  be  an  American 
statesman  who  did  not  t]iorou;i;hly  understand  the  history  of  (Jioiit 
Britain.  He  who  fails  to  understand  the  history  of  JJritain,  fails 
to  understand  tho  history  of  this  country,  or  tho  character  of  this 

fioople.  We  are  a  reproduction  of  the  mother  country — but  on  a 
ar;^e  scale.  Wo  havo  a  more  extensive  territory.  We  have 
boundless  prairies  and  far  reaching  views,  Viliich  uro  strangers  to 
her  land. 

But  there  is  here  no  cause  for  jcaloiu^y.  Peace  is  the  neces- 
sity of  the  age.  (Jreat  ]U'itain  and  America  have  together 
six  millions  of  tons  of  shii)ping,  and  war  is  too  expensive  an 
amusement  for  either  nation,  and  can  be  resorted  to  only  in  de- 
fenco  of  valued  rights  or  great  principles.  You  will  allow  me  to 
express  the  sentiment  of  a  modern  English  historian,  who  said  ; — 
"  In  two  centuries  the  name  of  England  may  be  unknown,  or  ex- 
ist only  in  the  shadow  of  ancient  renown;  but  three  hundred 
millions  of  pco))le  in  North  America  Avill  be  speaking  its  language, 
reading  its  authors,  glorying  in  its  descent." 

I  havo  alluded  to  our  indebtedness  to  Great  Britain  for  that 
history  and  literature  which  are  the  basis  of  our  own ;  and  we  arc 
continually  receiving  additions  to  our  population,  of  men  who  will 
materially  aid  in  the  development  of  the  physical,  intellectual  and 
moral  character  of  the  American  Republic. 

The  name  and  history  of  Great  Britain  deserve  to  be  cherished 
next — pardon  me  if  I  say  neai — to  the  name  and  fame  of  America, 
by  every  American  citizen.     [Cheers.] 

AVlicn  the  Governor  had  taken  his  seat,  and  the  applause 
had  subsided,  the  Mayor  said: — 

'Hio  j-omarks,  (iontlcmen,  which  you  have  listcnc;!  to  Aviili 
pleasure  and  respect  from  His  Excellency,  the  Governoi',  call  io 


171 


miinl  tlio  extent  and  tlio  nmonnt  of  tho  infinenco  exerted  in  con- 
triving^', cjin-yiu;^  out  mid  pcrfectin;;  tho  riiilroiid  system  of  Massii- 
fliiisetts,  l)y  those  iihle  men  who  have  preceded  liim  in  the  hi;^h 
oiKco  which  he  adorns.  No  one,  perhaps,  lias  exerted  more  of 
that  inlhience  than  the  illustrious  individual  who  sits  near  mo  on 
my  ri<;lit,  and  whom  I  take  pleasure  in  introducinfj;  to  you.  1  pre- 
sent to  you,  (ientlomcn,  tho  Hon.  Kdward  Kvcrett. 

Mr.  Everett  then  arose,  amid  long  contiiiued  clieeriiig, 
and,  after  a  sportive  nlliisiou  to  his  being  called  an  Ex-Gov- 
crnor,  spoke  as  follows  : 

May  it  Plkase  your  Honor, — 

It  is  not  easy  for  me  to  express  to  yon  the  admiration  with 
Avhicli  I  have  listened  to  tho  very  beautiful  and  appropriate  speech 
with  which  his  Excellency,  the  (Jovcrnor  General  of  Canada,  has 
just  deliji;hted  ns.  You  know,  Sir,  that  tho  truest  and  hij^hest  art 
ia  to  conceal  art ;  and  1  could  not  but  be  reminded  of  that  maxim, 
when  I  heard  that  gentleman,  after  beginning  with  disabling  him- 
self, and  cautioning  us  at  the  onset  that  lie  was  slow  of  H[)ccch, 
proceed  to  make  one  of  the  happiest,  most  appropriate  and  elo- 
(pient  speeches  ever  uttered.  If  I  were  travelling  with  Ida 
lordship  in  his  native  mountains  of  Gael,  1  should  say  to  him,  in 
tiie  language  of  tho  natives  of  those  regions,  ,sma  ahecn — very 
well,  my  lor<l.  But  in  plain  English,  Sir,  that  which  has  fallen 
from  his  lordshiii  has  given  me  indeed  new  cause  to  rejoice  that 
"  Chatham's  language  is  my  mother  tongue."  [Great  cheer- 
ing.] 

I  do  not  rise.  Sir,  to  make  a  long  speech.  I  think  it  Avonld  bo 
rather  out  of  taste,  for  any  one  who  is  at  home  in  Boston  or 
vicinity,  unless  in  tho  performance  of  oificial  duty,  to  make  any- 
thing wliich  could  be  called  a  long  speech  on  this  occasion.  All 
the  crowded  hours  of  this  busy  day  belong  to  our  much  honored 
;raests — to  those  distinguished  visitors  who  adorn  tho  occasion 
with  their  presence.  From  them,  '  deed,  Sir,  the  company  can- 
not hear  enough,  to  gratify  the  ea,  lost  desire  which  is  felt  to 
listen  to  their  voices,  and  to  catch  their  words  of  encouragement 
and  congratidation. 

Besides,  Sir,  there  never  was  an  occasion  which  stood  less  in 
need  of  a  laborious  conunentary  to  set  forth  its  importance.  If 
ever  there  was  anything  which  might  be  left  to  speak  for  itself* — 

*  At  tliii?  moment  the  stentorian  steam-whistle  of  tlie  Providence  cars,  which 
Mere  tlioii  just  cntcrinfr  tlio  (lci)()t.  blew  a  hhist  so  ••Joiul  and  slirill,"  as  to  startle 
l!io  vast  assenihla;:e,  and  fnniisli  a  convincinix  proof  of  tlio  truth  of  the  orator's 
I'ciuark,  It  is  hardly  necessary  to  say  that  the  incident  was  ^Tcetcd  with  tremcn- 
'loii-;  cheers. 


':::i, 


..!  i 


172 


it  is  this  raidity  and  all  ))ut  animated  system  of  railroads,  that 
now  embraces  New  Enf;;land  and  the  nei,<fhburin,L;;  htatcs  and 
Provinces,  and  which,  more  than  rcalisin,^  the  acconnts  of  those 
enormous  sea  monsters  of  -which  we  read  in  northern  le_^end,s, 
Avinds  its  simious  -way  through  the  gorges  of  the  hills — leaps 
across  the  rivers — stretches  over  the  plains — clings  with  (nie 
of  its  Briarean  arms  to  Boston  Bay — grapples  to  Diamond  Hock 
with  another — seizes  with  the  right  upon  Providence  and  Xcw 
York,  and  Albany,  and  Bufitilo,  and  the  farthest  South,  and 
the  farthest  West ;  -while  on  the  left,  he  is  already  stretching 
forth  his  iron  feelers  upon  New  Brunswick,  Nova  Scotia,  and 
Newfoundland.  In  the  presence  of  this  m.iracle  of  science,  and 
art,  and  capital,  I  feel,  Sir,  that  -we  have  no  need  of  flowers  of 
rhetoric  or  figures  of  speech. 

We  have,  Sir,  in  this  part  of  the  country  long  been  convinced 
of  the  importance  of  this  system  of  communication ;  although  it 
may  be  doubted  whether  the  most  sagacious  and  sanguine  have 
even  3'^et  fully  comprehended  its  manifold  influences.  We  have, 
however,  felt  them  on  the  sea-board  and  in  the  interior.  We 
have  felt  them  in  the  growth  of  our  manufactures,  in  the  extension 
of  our  commerce,  in  the  growing  demand  for  the  products  of  agri- 
culture^ in  the  inc  ease  of  our  ])opulation.  We  have  felt  them 
prodigiously  in  transportation  and  travel.  The  inhabitant  of  tlic 
country  has  felt  them  in  the  ease  -with  -which  he  resorts  to  the  city 
markets,  whether  as  a  seller  or  a  purchaser.  The  inhalntant  of 
the  city  has  felt  thuja  in  the  facility  Avith  -which  he  can  get  to  a 
sister  city,  or  to  the  country ;  Avith  -\vhich  he  can  get  back  to  his 
native  village ; — to  see  the  old  folks,  aye.  Sir,  and  some  of  the 
young  folks — with  Avhich  he  can  get  a  mouthful  of  ])ure  mountain 
air — or  run  down  in  dog  days  to  Gloucester,  or  Phillips'  beach,  or 
Plymouth,  or  (Johassett,  or  Now  Bedford. 

I  say.  Sir,  we  have  felt  the  benefit  of  our  railway  system  in 
these  and  a  hundred  other  forms,  in  Avhich,  jienetrating  far  be- 
yond material  interests,  it  intertwines  itself  Avith  all  the  concerns 
and  relations  of  life  and  society  ;  but  I  hav^  never  had  its  benetits 
brought  home  to  me  so  sensibly  as  on  -'le  present  occasion. 
'I'hiidc,  Sir,  hoAV  it  has  annihilated  time  and  space,  in  reference  to 
this  festival,  and  how  greatly  to  our  advantage  and  delight  I 
When  Dr.  Franklin,  in  1754,  projected  a  plan  of  union  for  these 
colonies,  Avith  Philadelphia  as  the  metropolis,  he  gave  as  a  reason 
for  this  part  of  the  i)lan,  that  Philadelphia  Avas  situated  about  half 
Avay  between  the  extremes,  and  could  be  conveniently  reached 
even  from  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  in  eighteen  days  I  I 
believe  the  President  of  the  United  States,  Avho  bus  honored  us 
Avith  his  company  at  this  joyous  festival,  Avas  not  more  than 
twenty-four  hours  actually  on  the  road  from  Washington  to  Bos- 


•  ii'ii 


173 


ton ;  two  to  Baltimore,  seven  more  to  Philadelphia,  five  more  to 
]S^ew  York,  and  ten  more  to  Boston. 

And  then  ('anada,  Sir,  once  remote,  inaccessiljle  region — but  now 
brought  to  our  very  door.  If  a  journey  had  been  contemplated 
in  that  direction  in  Dr.  Franklin's  lime,  it  would  have  been  with 
such  feelings  as  a  man  would  have  now-a-days,  who  was  going  to 
start  for  the  mouth  of  Copper  jNIine  Eiver  and  the  shores  of  the 
Arctic  Sea.  But  no,  Sir ;  such  a  thing  was  never  thought  of — 
never  dreamed  of.  A  horrible  wilderness,  rivers  and  lakes  un- 
spanned by  human  art,  pathless  swara])S,  dismal  forests  that  it 
made  the  flesh  creep  to  enter,  threaded  by  nothing  more  j)rac- 
ticable  than  the  Indian's  trail,  echoing  with  no  sound  more  inviting 
than  the  yell  of  the  wolf  and  the  warwhoop  of  the  savage  ;  these 
it  was  that  filled  tlie  space  between  us  and  Canada.  The  inhabi- 
tants of  the  British  Colonies  never  cr.+ered  Canada  in  those  days 
but  as  provincial  troops  or  Indian  captives  ;  and  lucky  he  that  got 
back  with  his  scalp  on.  [Laughter.]  This  state  of  things  ex- 
isted less  than  one  hundred  years  ago ;  there  are  men  living  in 
Massachusetts  who  were  born  before  the  last  party  of  hostile 
Indians  made  an  incursion  to  the  banks  of  the  Connecticut  river. 

As  lately  as  when  I  had  the  honor  to  be  the  Governor  of 
the  Commonwealth,  I  signed  the  pension  warrant  of  a  man  who 
lost  his  arm  in  the  year  1757,  in  a  conflict  Avith  the  Indians  and 
French  in  one  of  the  Ijorder  wars,  in  those  dreary  Canadian  for- 
ests. Ilis  Honor  the  Mayor  will  recolb^ct  it,  for  he  countersigned 
the  warrant  as  Secretary  of  State.  Now,  Sir,  by  the  magic 
power  of  these  modern  works  of  art,  the  forest  is  thrown  open — 
the  rivers  and  the  lakes  are  bridged — the  valleys  rise,  the  moun- 
tains bow  their  everlasting  heads ;  a' id  the  (iovernor-Gener.d  of 
Canada  takes  his  breakfast  in  Montreal,  and  his  dinner  in  ]joston  ; 
— reading  a  newspaper  leisurely  by  the  Avay  Avhich  was  printed  a 
fortnight  ago  in  London.  [Great  applause.]  In  the  excavations 
made  in  the  construction  of  the  Vermont  railroads,  the  skeletons 
of  fossil  whales  and  palocozoic  elephants  have  been  brought  to 
light.  I  believe.  Sir,  if  a  live  spermaceti  whale  had  been  seen 
spouting  in  Lake  Champlain,  or  a  nati\c  elephant  had  walked 
leisurely  into  Burlington  from  the  neighboring  woods,  of  a  ram- 
mer's morning,  it  Avould  not  be  thought  uiorc  Vvonderful  than  our 
fathers  Avoiud  have  regarded  Lord  Eluin's  iournev  to  us  this 
week,  could  it  have  been  foretold  to  them  a  century  ago,  with  all 
the  circumstances  of  despatch,  convenience  and  safety.  [Ap- 
plause.] 

]>ut.  Sir,  as  I  have  already  said,  it  is  not  the  material  results 
of  this  roilroad  system  in  wliich  its  luii)}»iest  influences  are  seen. 
1  recollect  that  seven  or  eight  years  ago  there  was  a  project  to 
carry  a  railroad  into  the  lake  country  in  England — hito  the  heart 


I 


■)■■       "': 


r  M 


\\  \-\\' 


E'l 


174 


of  Westmorland  and  Cumberland.  IMr.  Wordsworth,  the  lately 
deceased  poet,  a  resident  in  the  centre  of  this  rei^ion,  opposed  the 
project.  He  thought  that  the  retirement  and  seclusion  of  this 
delightful  region  would  be  disturbed  by  the  panting  of  the  loco- 
motive, and  the  cry  of  the  steam  whistle.  If  I  am  not  mistaken, 
he  published  one  or  two  sonnets  in  deprecation  of  the  enterprise.* 
Mr.  Wordsworth  Avas  a  kind-hearted  man,  as  well  as  a  most  dis- 
tinguished poet,  but  he  Avas  entirely  mistaken,  as  it  seems  to  me, 
in  this  matter.  The  quiet  of  a  few  spots  may  be  disturbed  ;  but 
a  hundred  quiet  spots  are  rendered  accessible.  The  bustle 
of  the  station  house  may  take  the  place  of  the  Druidical  silence 
of  some  shady  dell;  but,  Gracious  Heavens!  Sir,  how  many  of 
those  verdant  cathedral  arches,  entwined  by  the  hand  of  God  in 
our  pathless  woods,  are  opened  to  the  grateful  woi*ship  of  man  by 
these  means  of  communication !     [Cheers.] 

How  little  of  rural  beauty  you  lose,  even  in  a  country  of  com- 
paratively narrow  dimensions  like  England — how  less  than  little 
in  a  country  so  vast  as  this — by  works  of  this  description,  You 
lose  a  little  strip  along  the  line  of  the  road,  which  partially 

*  The  following  are  the  Sonnets  alluded  to  by  Mr .  Everett : — 

On  the  Projected  Kendal  ami   Windermere  nailinii/. 

Is  there  no  nook  of  English  ground  !<ecure 
From  I'asli  assault  ?     Schemes  of  retirement  sown 
In  youth,  and  mid  the  busy  world  kept  pu:  c 
As  whin  their  earliest  ilowers  of  hope  weru  blown, 
Must  perish  ; — how  can  tliey  this  blight  erulure  t 
And  must  he,  too,  the  ruthless  change  bemoan, 
WIio  scorns  a  false  utilitarian  lure 
Mid  his  paternal  fields  at  random  thrown  ? 
Baffle  the  threat,  bright  scene  from  Orrest  head 
Given  to  the  pausing  traveller's  rapturous  glance : 
Plead  for  thy  jjeace,  thou  beautiful  romance 
Of  nature  ;  and,  if  human  hearts  be  dead. 
Speak,  passing  Winds ;  ye  Torrents,  with  your  strong 
And  constant  voice,  protest  against  tlie  wrong. 
Octolter  12th,  1844. 


Proud  were  ye.  Mountains !  when,  in  times  of  old, 
Your  patriot  sons,  to  stem  invasive  war, 
Intrcndicd  j'our  l)rows  ;  ye  gloried  in  each  scar  ; 
Now,  for  your  sliame,  a  jiower,  the  thirst  of  gold, 
Tliat  rules  o'er  Britain  like  a  baneful  star, 
AVills  that  your  ])eace,  your  beaTity,  shall  be  sold, 
And  dear  way  made  for  her  triun'ii)hant  car 
Through  tlio  iiclovcil  retreats  your  arms  enfold  ! 
Heard  vi;  tliat  whistle  '.     As  her  long-liukcd  train 
Rwc])!  onwarils,  did  the  vision  cross  your  view  ? 
Yes,  ye  were  startled ; — and,  in  balance  true, 
M'cigliiiig  the  mi-^iliief  with  the  promised  gain. 
Mountains,  and  Vales,  and  Floods  !  1  call  on  you 
'I'o  sliare  the  passion  of  a  just  disdain! 


11  i 


1  iO 


changes  its  character ;  ■while,  as  the  compensation,  you  bring  all 
this  rural  beauty, — 

"  Tiic  warliliii;;-  wooilland,  tlic  rcsoundini;  sliore, 
The  \nm\i>  of  grovcfi,  the  f;iirniture  of  fields," 

within  the  reach,  not  of  a  score  of  luxurious,  sauntering  tourists, 
but  of  the  great  mass  of  the  population,  Avho  have  senses  and 
tastes  as  keen  as  the  keenest.  You  throw  it  open,  Avith  all  its 
soothing  and  humanizing  influences,  to  thousands  -who,  but  for 
jour  railways  and  steamers,  would  have  lived  and  died  witliout 
ever  having  breathed  the  life-giving  air  of  the  mountains  ; — yes, 
Sir,  to  tens  of  thousands,  who  would  have  gone  to  their  graves, 
and  the  sooner  for  the  privation,  without  ever  ha\ing  caught  a 
glimpse  of  the  most  magnificent  and  beautiful  sjiectaclc  which 
nature  presents  to  the  eye  of  man — that  of  a  glorious  combing 
wave,  a  (juarter  of  a  mile  long,  as  it  comes  swelling  and  breasting 
toward  the  shore,  till  its  soft  green  ridge  bursts  into  a  crest  of 
snow,  and  settles  and  dies  along  the  whispering  sands !  [Im- 
mense cheering.] 

But  even  this  is  nothing  compared  with  the  great  social  and 
moral  efibcts  of  this  system,  a  subject  admirably  treated,  in  many 
of  its  aspects,  in  a  sermon  by  Dr.  (Jannett,  which  has  been  kindly 
given  to  the  public.  All  important  also  are  its  political  effects  in 
binding  the  States  together  as  one  family,  and  uniting  us  to  our 
neighbors  as  brethren  and  kinsfolk,  i  do  not  know,  Sir,  [turning 
to  Lord  Elgin,]  but  in  this  way,  from  the  kindly  seeds  which  have 
been  sown  this  week,  in  your  visit  to  Boston,  and  that  of  the  dis- 
tinguished gentlemen  who  have  preceded  and  accompanied  you, 
our  children  and  grandchildren,  as  long  as  this  great  Anglo  Saxon 
race  shall  occupy  the  continent,  may  reap  a  harvest  worth  all  the 
cost  which  has  devolved  on  this  generation.     [Cheers.] 

Mr.  Everett  having  resumed  his  seat,  the  Mayor  remarked, 
that — 

As  the  mind  leverts  to  the  infancy  of  the  settlement  of  Boston, 
a  wish  is  rationally  felt  to  know  what  our  stern  progenitors  would 
say,  if  permitted  to  witness  the  moral  and  physical  changes, 
which  have  come  over  the  scenes  of  their  trials  and  triumphs. 
What,  in  special,  would  they  think  of  such  a  festival  as  this,  held 
within  their  sacred  borders,  Avhere  are  gathered,  at  the  same 
table,  Catliolics  and  Protestants  of  every  sect ;  monarchists  and 
republicans ;  nobles  and  commoners  of  the  mother  country,  with 
representatives  of  every  section  of  a  continent,  of  which  they 
knew  nothing  but  a  narrow  margin?  The  wish  is  vain, — but, 
next  to  its  gratification,  wc  have  tlie  comfort  to  know,  that  the 
Pilgrims  arc  represented  ut  this  board,  by  a  proxy,  who  is  preemi- 


11 


^:i 


I  iU 

1 1  ' 


I     1 

i 


h  • 


<■ 


I 


1^     I 

'  M 


17() 


nently  able  to  speak  for  them,  in  the  person  of  a  lineal  descendvmt 
of  their  ;^reat  leader, — the  Moses,  Avho  led  them,  acros.s  the  -wilder- 
ness of  waters,  to  this  home  of  their  refuge.  I  jjrescnt  to  you  the 
Honorable  llobort  Charles  Winthrop,  late  Speaker  of  the  Ilou^ic 
of  llepresentativcs  of  the  United  States. 

Mr.  Winthrop  was  most  cordially  received,  and  spoke  as 
follows — 


I  am  deejtly  sensible,  Mr.  Mayor,  that  the  honors  and  com}'.ll- 
ments  of  this  occasion  belong  to  others.  They  belong,  in  the 
fii'st  place,  as  uiy  friend,  Mr.  Everett,  has  just  suggested,  to  tlic 
distinguished  and  illustrious  strangers  of  oar  oavu  country  and  (if 
oilier  countries,  who  have  adorned  our  festival  Avith  their  i)rc3ence. 
[Warm  applause.]  And  they  belong,  in  the  next  place,  to  those 
of  our  own  fellow  citizens,  of  whom  I  see  not  a  few  around  me, 
to  whose  far-seeing  sagacity  and  persevering  efforts  and  personal 
la1)ors  we  owe  the  gi-cat  works  v,hose  completion  Ave  celebrate. 
[Cheers.]  For  myself,  Sir,  I  have  no  pretension  of  either  sort ; 
but  T  am  all  the  more  grattrul  for  the  opportunity  you  luue 
afforded  me  of  saying  a  few  words,  and  for  the  l:ind  and  cordial 
manner  in  Avhich  you  have  presented  me  to  this  assembly.  Most 
heartily  do  I  wish  that  I  could  say  anything  worthy  of  such  a 
scene.  !Most  heartily  do  I  wish  that  I  could  find  expressions  and 
illustrations  in  any  degree  commensurate  to  the  vast  and  variutl 
theme  which  such  an  occasion  suggests.  And  still  more  do  1 
wish  that  I  could  find  a  voice  capable  of  conveying,  even  to  one- 
half  of  this  countless  and  crowded  audience,  such  poor  phrases 
as  1  may  be  able  to  command.  But  voice,  language  and  imagi- 
nation seem  to  falter  and  fail  alike  in  any  attempt  to  do  justice 
to  circumstances  like  the  present.     [Loud  cheers.] 

Mr.  Mayor,  the  very  dates  Avhich  you  have  selected  for  yovu- 
three  days'  jubilee,  would  furnish  material  for  a  discourse  which 
would  occupy  far  more  than  all  the  daj  light  which  is  left  us. 
The  ITth,  18th  and  19th  days  of  September!  How  many  of  the 
most  memorable  events  in  our  local,  colonial  and  national  history, 
are  included  in  this  brief  period ! 

It  Avas  on  one  of  these  days,  in  the  year  1G20,  that  the  Pilgrim 
"Fathers  of  New  England  took  their  final  departure  from  the 
mot'u'v  couiitry,  their  last  and  tearful  leave  of  Old  England,  and 
entered  '  n  *hat  perilous  ocean  voyage,  of  more  than  thrc^e  months' 
dur!i*;iop.  which  tcminated  at  Plvmouth  rock! 

It  v.'is  on  one  oi'  tiiese  days,  I  jn  years  later,  in  iGoO,  that  tlio 
Pc'-'ta  '/^aiKers  of  M.'assachuL,etts,  Avith  one  of  Avhom  you  have 
d(j;n.'  me  ihe  Iimu  >r  to  associufi  me,  first  gave  the  name  of  Boston 
to  tliC  {(.  r  (ents  '..nd  huts  and  lOg  cabins  which  thou  made  up  our 
embryo  cii'  ! 


177 


It  was  on  one  of  those  same  days,  too,  in  1787,  that  the 
"Patriot  Father.s  of  Amovica  sot  their  hands  and  seals,  at  Philadel- 
pliia,  to  that  matcldess  instrument  of  f^overnnient — tlu'  Constitu- 
tion of  the  United  Staten — which  has  hound  this  nation  together 
for  hotter  or  -^vorse — let  me  not  say  for  hotter  or  -worse,  hut  for 
the  host  and  higliest  interests  of  our  country  and  mankind — 
[Cheers] — in  one  inseparable  and  ever-blessed  Union  forever ! 
[Renewed  cheers.] 

Nor,  'My.  i\Iayor,  is  this  eventful  period  in  the  calendar  -witlidut 
associations  and  reminiscences  of  pride  and  glory,  for  our  breth- 
ren •whom  ^ve  have  welcomed  from  over  the  l)orders.  It  was,  if  I 
mistake  not,  on  one  of  these  same  three  September  days,  in  the 
year  1759,  tbat  the  proud  fortress  of  (>|uebec  was  finally  surren- 
dered to  the  Eritish  forces — surrendered  as  the  result  of  that 
meinorable  conflict  on  the  heights  of  Abraham,  five  or  six  days 
l)efore,  in  which  the  gallant  Wolfe  had  expired  in  the  blaze  of  liis 
fame,  happy,  (as  ho  said,)  to  have  seen  his  country's  arms  victo- 
rious— and  in  which  the  not  less  gallant  JMontcalm  had  lain  down 
in  the  dust  beside  him,  happy,  too,  (as  he  also  said,)  not  to  have 
seen  the  downfall  of  this  last  stronghold  of  the  French  power  ou 
the  North  American  continent. 

Nor  is  this  a  reminiscence.  Sir,  in  which  we  of  New  England, 
and  of  Massachusetts  particularly,  have  no  part  or  heritage ;  for, 
lot  it  not  be  forgotten,  that  Massachusetts,  during  that  year,  be- 
side.5  furnishing  to  the  ]>ritish  army  her  prescribed  (piota  of  six 
or  seven  thousand  men  to  fight  the  battles  of  a  common  Crown, 
at  Louisburg,  in  Nova  Scotia,  and  elsewhere,  actually  raised  three 
hiuwired  athlitional  men,  at  the  request  of  General  Wolfe  himself, 
who  served  as  the  very  pioneers  of  that  seemingly  desperate 
assault  upon  <^!uebec.  [Cheers.]  Let  it  not  be  forgotten,  either, 
that  the  Colonial  Assembly  of  ^lassachusetts  testified  their  admir- 
ation of  Wolfe,  and  their  sorrow  for  his  loss,  by  voting  a  marble 
inonumenc  to  his  memory. 

Tjut  all  tiiese,  I  am  aware,  are  but  the  accidental  coincidences 
o''  this  occasion,  We  have  assembled  not  to  recall  the  past,  but 
to  rejoice  in  the  present ;  not  to  commemorate  the  early  trials  and 
exploits  of  our  fathers,  but  the  mature  acliievements  and  proud 
successes  of  their  sons.  We  come  not  to  celebrate  the  triumphs  of 
the  fitrum  or  the  battle-field,  but  the  peaceful  victories  of  science, 
of  invention,  and  of  tliose  mechanic  arts,  so  many  of  whose  noble 
products,  and  nol)ler  producers,  we  have  seen  in  the  splendid 
pageant  of  the  day.     [Loud  applause.] 

And  in  whatG\'er  aspect  Ave  contemplate  these  groat  Inidiways 
of  intercon^munication^  in  whose  construction  and  completion  wo 
this  day  cxidt,  vre  find  it  dilficult  to  express  and  impossible  to 
exaggerate,  our  sense  of  their  magnitude  and  importance.  Jt  is 
for  otliors,  and  upon  other  occasions,  to  speak  of  their  influenco 


^i 


;  I '  f  J  H 


IV^^^ 


1 


17b 


'fl'i 


on  our  ir.ritcvlal  i  itorcsts,  our   commercial  prosperity,  and  ov.v 
local  a(lvanta,u;c.s. 

Y'our  own  intelugcnt  and  accomplished  Committee  of  Avrango- 
meuts,  indeed,  have  anti.^ipatcd  all  that  could  he  said  by  an}'  one, 
<"i  any  occasion,  on  this  part  of  the  subject.  They  have  prepared  a 
tabular  representation  (which  I  ain  <^lad  to  see  has  been  laid  niion 
every  plate)  which  tells  in  figures  less  deceptive  or  e(juivocal  tlian 
tliose  of  rhetoi'ic,  how  much  has  been  done  in  this  way  for  Boston, 
for  Massachusetts,  for  New  England,  for  the  country,  for  tlie  wliolo 
unbounded  continent,  by  the  enterprise,  industry,  capital  and 
skill  of  our  citizens.  Here,  too,  is  a  miniature  map  [holding  it 
up]  Avhich  they  liave  furnished  us,  exhibiting  our  little  Common- 
"wealth,  as  it  really  is,  covered  all  ovor  with  railroad  lines,  as  witli 
the  countless  fibres  of  a  spider's  web.  I'hey  tell  us  here  of  a 
liundred  and  twenty  ])assenger  trains,  con'"aining  no  less  than 
tw(dvc  thousand  ])ersons,  shooting  into  our  city,  on  a  single,  ordi- 
najy,  average  summer's  day,  with  a  regularity,  punctuality  ami 
])recision,  Avlnch.  make  it  almost  as  safe  to  set  our  watches  by  a 
railroad  v,-histle,  as  by  the  old  South  clock  1     [Laughter.] 

But,  Sir,  hy  wLdt  figures  of  rhetoric,  or  of  aritlnuetic  either, 
shall  wc  measure  the  influenco  of  those  great  improvements  on 
our  political  condition,  or  on  our  social  relations,  domestic  or 
foreign  V 

Consider  them  for  an  instant,  in  connection  with  the  extent  of 
our  own  wide-spread  Bcpvdjlic.  By  what  other  agency  than  that 
of  railroads  could  a  Representative  Go\orumenfc  like  o\irs  be  ren- 
dered piacticable  over  so  vast  a  territory  V  The  necessarv  limits 
of  sucii  a  Government  were  justly  defined  by  one  of  our  earliest 
and  wisest  statesmen,  to  ].u.  '.hose  within  v/hich  the  l^epresenta- 
tives  of  the  People  could  be  brought  together  with  regularity  ami 
certainty,  as  often  as  needful,  to  transact  the  public  business. 

And  )jy  which  do  you  think,  sir,  of  tlie  old-fashioned  modes  of 
transportation  or  travel — the  stage-coach,  the  pack-saddle,  or  tlic 
long  wagon, — or  by  which,  even,  of  those  (pieer  conveyances  which 
His  Excellency  the  Governor  General  of  Canada  tells  us  be  once 
shared  with  my  friend  Governor  Paine, — coidd  Delegates  from 
California,  or  Utah  or  even  from  some  of  o'u  less  recent  and  less 
remote  acquisitions,  be  brought  to  our  sc.  -ions  of  Congress  at 
Washington,  and  carried  back  at  stated  intervals  to  consult  the 
Avi.-'u'S  of  their  constituents,  within  any  reasonable  or  reliable 
time  ? 

Mr.  Mayor,  in  view  of  this  and  many  other  considerations,  to 
Avjiich  I  may  not  take  up  further  time  by  alluding,  and  which,  in- 
deed, arc  too  familiar  to  require  any  allusion,  I  feel  that  it  is  m» 
exaggeration  to  say,  that  our  Railroad  system  is  an  essential  part  of 
our  Bepresentative  system  ;  and  that  it  has  exerted  an  influence, 
second  i)i   importance  to  jio  other  that  can  lie  named,  material. 


i-ii^ 


r)(»litical,  or  iiKU'iil,  in  bindiii;^;  to^^otlicr.  in  one  iiidissoliiblo  Itrotlior- 
liixjd,  this  viij^t  iissociatiou  of  Ainoricau  >«f;itc.s.  k  is  lumily  too 
niucli  to  add,  that  it  seems  to  have  1)(!en  Providentially  prepared, 
as  tlie  great  centripetal  en,i.dnery,  ^vhich  is  destined  to  overcome 
and  neutralise  forever  those  deplorable  centriiii,n;al  tendencies, 
v.hicli  local  differences,  and  peculiar  institutions,  and  sectional 
jealousies,  have  too  often  engendered.     [Marked  applause.] 

Tiie  President  of  the  L  nited  States,  in  his  admirable  rei)lv  to  vour 
most  ajtpropriate  address,  Sir,  AvclconiinLi;  him  -witliin  the  lines  of 
lioston,  reminded  lis  that  his  illustrious  predecessor,  WaslmiLTton, 
occupied  eleven  days  in  travelling  l)y  express  from  Philadelphia, 
to  the  neighboring  city  of  Cambridge,  in  one  of  the  most  critical 
emergencies  of  our  local  history.  Let  nic  remind  you,  also,  of  a 
similar  experience  in  the  journeyings  of  another  of  his  predeces- 
sors. In  the  recently  published  diaiy  of  our  own  John  Adams, 
will  be  foun«l  the  following  entry,  dated  at  Middletown,  Conn., 
on  the  8th  day  of  June,  17T1 : 

"  Looking  into  the  almanac  I  am  startled.  Supremo  (^urt  at 
Ipswicu  is  cue  ISth  day  of  June ;  I  thouglit  it  a  week  later, 
--')t]\ ;  so  that  I  have  only  next  week  to  go  home,  one  hundred 
and  fifty  miles.  I  must  improve  e\-ery  moment.  It  is  twenty- 
iive  miles  a  day,  if  I  ride  every  day  next  Aveek." 

John  Adams  startled, — and  let  me  say  that  he  was  not  of  a  com- 
|)loxiou  to  be  very  easily  startled  at  anything, — at  having  only  a 
week  for  going  a  hundred  and  fifty  miles  1  Startled  at  the  idea 
of  being  obliged  to  go  l■wenty-fi^■e  miles  a  day  eyovy  day  for  a 
week  !  [Laughter,]  While  here,  but  a  moment  since,  was  his 
illustrious  successor,  who,  having  already  travelled  nearly  live 
hundred  miles  in  twenty-four  hours,  and  having  spent  three  or 
four  days  in  iS'ewport  and  Boston,  which  ^\^e  hope  have  been  as 
delightful  to  him  as  they  certainly  have  Ik'ou  lo  us,  is  now  on  his 
Avav  l)aclc.  and  is  about  to  reach  ^Vasliington  again  before  the 
week  in  which  he  left  there  is  fairly  at  au  end  I 

And  here,  Mr.  Mayor,  I  turn,  in  conclusion,  to  what  to-day, 
at  least,  in  the  minds  and  hearts  of  ns  all,  is  the  great  ciiarm  of 
this  modern  miracle  of  rapid  intcrcomuRUiication.  It  is  tliai  it 
enables  us  to  see,  to  know,  and  to  enjoy  personal  intercourse 
with  the  great,  the  good,  the  distinguished,  the  admired  of  our 
own  land  and  of  other  lands.  "We  can  take  them  by  the  hand, 
we  can  see  their  faces,  we  can  hear  their  voices,  ;;;id  we  can 
form  ties  of  mutual  respect  and  regard,  whicli  neither  time  nor 
distance  may  afterwards  sever. 

'fhere  have  l:)een  those  here  to-day  whom  none  of  you  will  soon 
forget :  and  there  is  at  least  one  of  them  to  whom  [  had  pavtieulurly 
proposed  to  myself  the  pleasure  of  alhuling.  1  refer  to  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  Interior,  the  llononble  Alexander  Stuart — [a))- 
[ilause] — a  noble  son  of  old  Virginia,  with  whom  in  -"'thor  yoai"S 


0- 
I'  '■[   ! 


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■m 


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It- 


180 


I  luive  liccn  assooluted  in  Cnn/jrvoss,  and  ^vhoni  J  am  always  pvoiid 
to  call  my  iVit'iiil.  Ho  has  already  taken  his  leave  of  us,  I^ir; 
but  I  am  sure  avo  all  desire  to  follow  him  witli  our  ^ood  wishes, 
and  to  assure  him  that  thou,L;;h  out  of  sight  ho  is  not  out  of  mind. 
l*ut  let  me  eongi-atidate  the  comi)any  that  Ave  have  another 
Alexander  Jritewart  still  left  at  the  tal)le — a  distinguished  sou  ol' 
Nova  Scotia — an  eminent  citizen  of  Halifax — a  high  functionary 
of  the  Provincial  (Jovennneut — whom  it  has  ]>eeu  my  good  for- 
tune to  have  at  my  side  during  the  last  hour,  and  Avho  is  every 
Avay  entitled  to  our  highest  consideration  and  respect.  With  a 
view  of  introducing  him  to  the  company,  1  propose,  as  a  senti- 
ment,— 

'' J'rosperlty  to  ISTova  Scotia  and  the  city  of  Halifax,  and  the 
health  of  our  disting\iished  guest,  the  Hon.  Alexander  Stewart, 
the  Master  of  the  Rolls.'"     [Applause.] 

To  tliis  sciitime:it  the  Tfoii.  Mn.  Stewart,  having  hceu  |>ie- 
sentcd  by  the  Mayor,  responded  by  saying  that  he  wished  the 
state  of  his  health  woidd  enable  him  to  follow  the  eloquent 
frentlemeu  who  had  preceded  him  in  depicting  the  social, 
moral,  and  political  residts  of  the  system  of  railroads,  the 
completion  of  which  was  celebrated  this  day.  But  since, 
unfortunately,  that  was  not  the  case,  he  would  cull  upon  one 
— an  Advocate  of  Nova  Scotia — whoso  voice  had  been  heard 
in  the  Canada: ,  and  heard  in  England,  and  whom  he  was 
happy  to  have  at  hand,  to  stand  in  his  place. 

This  was  understood  to  refer  to  the  Hon.  .!os^:ph  IIowk, 
Provincial  Secretary  of  Nova  Scotia,  who  was  immediately 
called  on,  and  thus  addressed  the  meetaig : 

xMr.  M.ayor  and  Gentlemen, — 

At  this  late  hour  it  would  be  unfair  to  trespass  long  upon  your 
patience.  With  the  voices  of  the  clocpient  speakers  Avho  have 
preceded  me  still  cluu-miug  the  ear,  how  can  I  venture  to  address 
you  at  all?  Though  feeling  the  full  force  of  the  comparisons 
Avhich  nuist  l)e  draAvn,  and  representing  one  of  the  smallest  Pru\- 
iuces  of  the  British  Empire,  I  am  reluctant  to  be  altogether  silent, 
lest  it  might  be  supposed  that  my  countrymen  do  not  appreciate 
your  hospitality,  or  take  an  interest  in  the  great  works,  the  com- 
pletion of  Avhich  wo  have  met  to  celebrate.  To  me  the  occasion 
is  full  of  interest,  for  1  stand  iiere,  the  son  of  a  banished  Loyalist, 
to  rejoice  with  you  iu  the  prosnerity  of  the  city  of  Avhich  niy 
fat'ier  Avas  a  native.  How  many  stirring  p-assages  of  old  colonial 
history  have  tlio  scenes  presented  to  my  eye  during  the  i)att 


Ibl 


thrco  (lays  vcvived  I  How  stran'^cly  has  tlio  past  boon  blended 
with  the  ]ii'(;seut,  as  T  liuvo  listcne(l  to  sentiments  of  mutual 
rospcet  and  triendshi])  l»reathed  by  the  lenders  of  two  j^ieat 
nations,  sternly  opposed  in  the  olden  time,  but  now  rivals  only  in 
the  .graces  which  embellish  lite,  or  in  the  fields  ofjirolitablc  indus- 
try. As  tlie  son  of  a  iJostonian,  I  eannot  but  rejoice, — whatever 
may  be  the  distinctions  of  alle,i:'iance,  the  claims  of  country,  or 
the  luLih  hopes  of  the  future  which  we  J>ritisli  Americans  cher- 
ish,— in  the  permanent  prosperity  and  advancement  of  this  city. 

}dr.  .Mayor:  I  have  looked  on  the  _^reat  pajroant  of  the  day 
with  extreme  hiterest  and  care,  have  marked  the  thronged  streets 
in  which  the  citizens  of  Boston  conduct  their  prolitalile  com- 
laorce,  ami  obsoi've(l  the  praiseworthy  evidences  of  the  skill  ami 
ingenuity  of  your  mechanics.  Jiut  the  sight  which  challenged  the 
highest  interest  and  admiration — which  appealed  to  the  iinest  and 
must  elevated  feelings,  -were  the  lines  of  life  aiKl  intelligenci^  pre- 
sented bv  the  voung  Jjostonians  Avho  reiirescnted  the  fostering 
care  of  the  Kree  Schools  of  New  England.  I  might  have  jiassed 
the  other  features  of  the  cele])ration  Avith  comparative  indifference, 
but  when  I  saw  those  children,  I  was  reminded  of  that  (ierniau 
schoolmaster  who  declared  that  when  he  entered  his  schooli-ooni 
he  always  took  off  his  hat,  for  there  he  met  the  future  dignitaries 
of  his  land.  80  here,  Sir,  I  saw  the  guarantee  and  the  gage  of 
the  future  ))rospcrity  of  this  interesting  State.  The  sight  of  those 
children,  even  more  forcibly  than  the  beaming  faces  which  smiled 
from  your  balconies  and  windows  as  we  ])assed,  naturally  called 
to  mind  those  upon  whose  knees  they  had  been  nurtured,  and  led 
me  to  conclude  that  though  we  had  seen  this  jiroud  city  in  its 
holiday  attire,  and  might,  })erhai)S,  see  h  in  its  working  dress 
to-morrow,  we  could  see  nothing  more  interesting  than  the  Free 
Schools  which  educate  its  children,  and  the  beautiful  and  virt\ious 
mothers  who  nourish  them  in  their  ))osoms. 

Gentlemen  :  I  speak  to  you  as  the  descendant  of  a  son  o\:  the 
old  soil  of  ^lassachusetts — the  reju-esentative  of  an  oftshoot  which 
has  some  of  the  virtues  of  the  original  stock,  I  hope  that  Massa- 
chusetts men  Avill  come  to  the  Northern  Provinces  and  note  them. 
We  British  Americans  who  share  with  you,  down  to  a  certain 
period,  the  vicissitudes  of  a  coumion  history,  and  the  treasures  of 
a  literature  bc(pieathcd  to  us  all — who  have,  since  the  revolution 
divided  us,  made  for  ourselves  a  noble  country  out  of  its  wilderness, 
while  we  survey  your  prosperity  Avithout  ejivy,  and  cherish  attach- 
ment to  the  parent  state,  have  not  forgotten  the  trials  or  the  tradi- 
tions of  a  common  ancestry.  No\-a  Scotia  has  adoj>ted  the  little 
'"Mayflower"  as  the  em1)lem  T;pon  her  escutcheon,  and  those  who 
laid  the  foundations  of  her  society,  and^'uilt  up  her  towns  and  sea- 
ports, Avere  as  proud  of  their  Pilgrim  st*  i<;k  as  you  are  here.  Though 
Halifax  dates  one  Imndred  and  twentv-seveu  a  ears  after  Boston  in 


•I    ': 


!k 


1 


I  "if 

i  w 


ls-2 


y>oiiit  (irtiiii<' — tliouiih  all  that  ourfatli'-rt^  toik-d  for  in  that  cci.tury 
ami  a  (luailiT,  thev  loft  heliiiid  thorn  at  the  Jtovohit'uiii — still  we  iwe 
following  ill  your  footsteps — omuioa.s,  it  nmy  ho,  but  I  think  1  may 
assuro  you  that  throuirhout  the  Britisli  Provincos  on  tho  oontiticui 
thorc  is  now  no  Icclin;^;  hut  that  of  cortlialfrirutlshi])  towards  those 
nohlo  States.  Wo  desire  to  see  you  work  out  in  poat.'o  the  hi^h  des- 
tiny which  your  past  achiovemonts  and  free  institutions  promise. 
At  the  same  time,  as  the  territory  wo  occupy  is  as  liroad  as  yours — 
as  broad  as  the  Avhole  continent  of  Kurope — watered  by  lakes  as 
o\])ansivo  as  your  own — drained  by  noble  rivers — blessed  with  a 
healthy  cliniatc  and  unbounded  fertility — with  iisheries  and  eom- 
iiiercial  advautajies  unrivalled,  wo  are  content  with  our  lot,  and 
feel  tliat  the  m\itual  ]>ro3i)ority  and  success  of  both  nations  are  to 
ho  found  in  [leace,  harmony,  and  brotherly  love.  I  hope,  iSir, 
fliat  nr.my  years  will  not  pass  a^ay  before  you  are  invited  to  a 
raih'oad  celebration  on  iJritish  soil,  and  this  1  promise  you, — that 
^vhen  that  day  comes,  even  ii  our  Railroads  should  not  be  as  long 
as  yours,  tho  Festival  shall  bo  as  lon,ir,  and  the  AveJcomo  as  cor- 
dial. In  conelusinn,  Sir,  permit  mo  to  make  another  allusion  h> 
those  who,  if  tliev  are  not  hero,  ou":ht  to  be  "freshlv  remem- 
bored  ;*'  for  they  have  enlivened  our  visit  by  their  marked  beauty 
and  fascinations.  You  have  tried  once  or  twice,  I  believe,  to 
invade  our  frontiers.  When  next  yon  make  the  ;ittempt,  let  me 
ad\'ise  you  to  put  the  Women  of  New  England  in  front,  and  thou 
you  will  be  sure  to  succeed. 


At  tho  conclusion  of  Mr.  Howe's  remnrks,  which  were 
rocoiv^ed  with  great  applause,  the  Hon.  Francis  Hincks, 
lns[)ector  General  of  Canada,  having  been  called  upon  by  the 
iMayor,  arose  and  addressed  the  assembly  as  follows : 

Mil.  ]\lAyoR,  AND  Citizens  of  Boston, — 

I  rise  to  address  you  under  great  embarrassment,  for  I  fear  that 
tho  elo'pient  address  of  your  illustrious  guest,  thelGovernor  (ieu- 
eral  of  Canada,  and  the  speech  more  recently  delivered  by  my 
honorable  friend  who  represents  the  Province  of  Nova  Scotia  ou 
this  occasion,  Avill  indispose  you  to  listen  with  patience  to  any 
remarks  of  mine.  His  Excellency  tho  Governor  CJeneral  has 
already  given  expression  to  the  feelings  of  all  your  Canadian 
guests,  Avho  are  most  deeply  grateful  to  you  for  your  truly  hos- 
pitable reception.  On  tlie  part  of  my  colleagues  and  myself,  who 
have  i-eccived  special  attention  at  your  hands,  I  desire  to  say  that 
Ave  feel  that  those  attentions  have  not  been  paid  to  us  on  account 
of  our  own  deserts,  but  as  a  compliment  to  the  Canadian  people, 
and  as  the  incumbents  of  oflice.H  vrhich  we  can  hold  only  so  long  as 
we  enjoy  their  conlidcnce.     I  can  assure  you,  Mr.   Mayor  and 


isn 


(ientlomcn,  tliai  tlio  iiioniont  that  Ilioard  tl-.at  tills  ccloliratlmi  wan 
ountoiii])lato(l,  I  loresuw  the  ini|i(irtaiit  results  which  "•  'koly  t(» 
inlldw  h.  When  1  had  the  jiliMsuro  ol"  iiicotiii;^  hi  i..../iit()  tho 
(li'luUalinu  whieh  you  wuro  kind  cnoii^'h  to  scud  to  invitt;  \i,-(,  and 
which  was  accoiupauiod  hy  my  csteeuR'd  friend,  (iovonioi-  ['ainc, 
I  t'lM  thoiii  that  if  I  were  ahovo  ;.'roiind  I  should  he  in  i-oston  on 
tIiolTfh<jt'  ^i*i>ccinhor.  1  reel,  Mr.  Mayor  and  (u'litloiucn,  that 
it  id  ^'ood  Ibr  us  to  ho  here,  it  is  well  tliat  you,  citizens  oi'  tho 
United  States,  should  have  had  an  ojntovtunity  of  witnessing' tho 
cnthusiasiu  with  which  all  classes  of  Her  Majesty's  IJritish  Anieii- 
can  suhjects  resjxiiided  to  the  sentiment  ]a-oj)osed  by  the  Mayor, 
"The  Health  of  the  <^>uecn."'  You  nmst  l)o  convinced  that  every 
IJritish  suhjcct  in  this  vast  assein)ila,L'e  is  animated  hy  a  sentiment 
of  th'voted  l')yalty  and  attachment  to  the  person  and  _^ovcrnnient 
of  that  heh)ved  Sovei'ei;^n.  It  is  likewise  well  that  you  should 
have  witnessed  the  enthusiastic  rcce]ition  {(wvn  hy  all  classes  of 
the  Canadian  people  to  Her  Majesty's  illustrious  Jlepresentativo 
in  one  of  the  most  important  possessions  of  the  Crown.  Vou  nuist 
he  satisfied,  y\v.  Mayor  and  (jentlemen,  that  we  are  a  hajipy  and 
contented  peo))le.  We  enjoy  the  hlessiuL^s  of  civil  and  reliiiious 
tVee(h>m  under  a  Constitution  Avhich,  as  Ave  are  pnmd  to  declare, 
is  the  very  ima^e  and  transcript  of  that  ,!:^iorious  Constitution 
which  our  ancestors  and  your  ancestors  shed  their  blood  ou  the 
Held  and  on  the  scaffold  to  obtain.  ])iflerin^;^  hi  many  imiiortant 
particulars  from  the  wi-itten  Constitutions  of  your  States,  there  is 
yet  this  st"ikin,^'  similarity  between  them.  In  our  Provinces,  as 
in  tho  States  of  the  American  Union,  tho  Covernment  must  be 
conducted  in  accordance  with  eidi^^htencd  public  opinion,  which 
we  ascertain  l)y  tlie  votes  of  the  reprcsentalives  of  the  jieople.  Jt 
is,  Mr.  Mayor  and  Centlcmen,  well  for  us  to  be  here,  l)ecause  we 
have  much  to  learn  from  the  jicople  of  ^.'ew  England.  Thcii"  his- 
tory has  not  been  a  sealed  book  tons.  We  can  admire,  as  well  as 
vou  can,  the  snirit  which  animated  the  I'lL^rim  Fathers  who  landed 
on  riymC'Uth  ivock.  Whatever  opinions  avc  may  entertain  on 
political  rpiestions,  Ave  have  sufiicient  ,u'enero<ity  to  mhiiire  tlie 
spirit  displayed  b_y  tho  sons  of  New  Ji]n,Lrland  in  your  ;rrear  Uevo- 
lutionary  contest.  AVe  have  liki'wise  sulHcient  ^'cneresity  to 
admire  the  spirit  displa3'ed  at  a  still  later  ])Criod  by  the  same  race, 
though  by  another  ireneration,  in  the  Avar  of  lHl"2,  in  Avhicli  they 
Avere  frcfpiently  broudit  into  collision  Avith  our  oavu  ;:'al]ant  Cana- 
dian militia,  several  officers  of  which,  some  of  them  wearin;i  deco- 
rations conferred  by  their  Sovereign,  for  their  ser\ict!S  in  the 
field,  are  now  listening  to  nie.  AVe  have  noAv,  iir.  ]\Iayor  and 
Gentlemen,  to  admire  the  same  sjiirit,  developed  in  another  genera- 
tion in  the  prosecution  of  great  enterprizes,  such  as  those  which 
have  caused  the  demonstration  of  this  evening,  ^lay  Ave  not 
hope,  (lentlemen,  that  Ave  shall  bo  inppire<l  Avith  the  same  faith  in 


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the  success  of  these  enterprizes,  which  has  sustained  you — with 
the  same  coiu-a«5e  iu  undertaking  them,  and  the  same  ])erseverance 
in  surmomitiii^"  the  obstacles  which  wc,  Uko  jou,  shall  have  to 
encounter.  AVe  have  much  to  learn  from  you,  Citizens  of  lioston, 
but  Ave  have  no  cause  for  despondency.  Like  the  American  ])eo- 
plc,  wo  arc  natives  of,  or  descended  from  the  natives  of,  Old  Enj- 
land,  Old  France,  Old  Germany,  and  Old  Holland ;  and  works 
that  you  have  accomplished,  we  ought  at  least  to  have  courage  to 
undertake. 

Already  we  have  proved  what  we  are  able  to  accomplish,  by  the 
completion  of  our  line  of  ship  canals — works  so  magnificent  iu 
their  character  as  to  be  inferior  to  none  on  this  continent.  Until 
recently,  our  improvements  and  our  trade  have  excited  little  inter- 
est in  Boston.  So  long  as  the  railway  horizon  of  New  England 
was  bounded  by  Salem,  Bradford,  Nashua  and  Providence,  the 
canals  of  Canada  were  of  little  importance  to  you ;  but  now  that 
your  railways  extend  to  Lake  Ontario,  you  are  as  deeply  intci*- 
ested  in  them  as  ourselves ;  and  I  confess  that  I  was  surprised,  in 
x'eading  the  pamphlet  \\hich  has  been  placed  in  our  hands,  to  find 
in  it  no  notice  whatever  of  these  great  feeders  of  your  railways. 
But  for  the  AVelland  Canal,  the  produce  of  the  far  West  would 
never  reach  the  port  of  Ogdensburgh. 

Litimately  connected  with  this  subject  is  one  which,  I  have 
reason  to  believe,  has  hitherto  attracted  but  little  attention  in  2vew 
England.  I  allude  to  our  commercial  relations.  Many  of  you,  1 
am  sure,  are  not  aware  that,  until  within  a  few  years,  heavy  difter- 
cntial  duties  were  imposed  on  American  manufactures  Avhen  enter- 
ing our  province  for  consumption.  Without  any  application  on  the 
part  of  your  government  or  people,  Ave  spontaneously  repealed 
those  duties,  and  admitted  your  manufactures  on  the  same  terms 
as  those  of  (Jreat  Britain.  Mark  the  conse<j\ience.  Since  that 
time,  our  trade  Avith  you  has  been  steadily  on  the  increase,  and 
last  year  our  imports  from  the  United  States  Avere  nearly  equal  to 
t] lose  from  (!reat  Britain.  The  exports  of  your  manufactures  to 
Canada  are,  if  1  mistake  not,  equal  to  those  to  any  other  three 
nations  to  which  you  trade.  And  in  this  connection  alloAv  me  to 
mention,  that  one-half  of  the  cargo  of  the  Europa,  Avhich  arrived 
on  the  day  yoiu-  celebration  commenced,  Avas  destined  for  Canada, 
and  has  jjasscd  over  the  lines  of  railroad  Avhich  unite  us,  and  a 
portion  of  it  is  now,  Avithout  doubt,  on  this  last  day  of  your  festi- 
val, on  sale  iu  Montreal.  Without  entering  on  the  subject  of 
liol'tical  economy,  Avhich  it  Avould  be  imju'oper  for  me  to  do,  even 
if  time  jicrmitted,  I  Avould  say  that  your  protectionists  gvor.Jid 
their  ojijiosition  to  free  trade  Avith  p]ngland  on  the  fact  that  in  tliat 
(;o\inti-y  labor  is  cheai),  and  money  so  plentiful  as  to  cause  a  luw 
rate  of  interest  to  rale.  'These  objections  do  not  apply  to  us  :  but 
moreover,  our  trade  Avith  you  is  of  precisely  that  character  Avhioh 


yon — with 

;rseverance 

ill  have  to 

of  Boston, 

ericaii  ])eo- 

',  Old  En?- 

and  works 

coura;j:e  to 

ilish,  by  the 
^^nificeiit  in 
ent.  Until 
little  inter- 
ew  England 
tidence, the 
ut  now  that 
eeply  inter- 
surprised,  in 
mds,  to  find 
ur  railways. 
West  would 

ich,  I  have 
ition  in  Mew 
iiy  of  you,  I 
heavy  differ- 
when  enter- 
lation  on  the 
sly  repealed 
same  ternw 
Since  that 
\crease,  and 
irly  ciiual  to 
lutacturos  to 
other  three 
allow  me  to 
hich  arrived 
for  Cunaila, 
;e  us,  and  n, 
your  festi- 
subject  of 
to  do,  even 
lists  ground 
that  in  that 
cause  a  low 
Y  to  us :  but 
■actcr  which 


185 


you  profess  to  be  most  anxious  to  encourage.  We  want  to  fur- 
nish you  witli  raw  products,  Avith  lumber,  wheat,  Hour,  the  coarser 
grains,  and  otlier  products  of  our  agriculturists.  We  wish  you  to 
give  us,  in  exchange,  your  domestic  manufactures,  as  well  as  teas, 
sugars,  fruits,  and  other  commodities  obtained  by  you  from  other 
countries  in  exchange  for  your  manufactures.  We  can  give  you 
an  unlimited  supply  of  such  produ  ts,  and  the  entire  trade  gives 
employment  to  American  shipping,  as  well  as  to  various  classes  of 
your  operatives.  You  are  too  shrewd  a  people  not  to  perceive 
the  absurdity  of  extending  your  lines  of  railway  to  the  Canadian 
frontier  for  the  purpose  of  facilitating  intercourse  by  means  of 
cheap  transport,  while,  at  the  same  time,  you  keep  u|)  an  army  of 
customhouse  officers  to  obstruct  the  very  traffic  Avhich  it  is  the 
interest  of  both  countries  to  facilitate.  I  freely  admit,  (lentlc- 
men,  that  our  interests  will  be  advanced  by  this  freedom  of  trade, 
if  I  may  be  allowed  to  use  an  expression  not  very  ])0j)ular  iu 
New  England ;  but  I  do  not  believe  in  the  doctrine  that  in  indi- 
vidual or  in  international  exchanges  it  is  necessary  that  one  party 
must  be  the  loser  by  the  bargain.  I  have  adopted  the  sounder 
opinion  that  in  voluntary  exchanges  each  party  is  well  satisfied 
That  his  bargain  has  been  good.  In  this  assemblage  you  have  a 
large  representat-on  from  all  classes  of  the  Canadian  ])Coplc. 
You  have  members  of  the  two  Houses  of  Parliament,  the  Judges 
of  our  land,  the  Mayors  and  Corporations  of  our  principal  cities ; 
our  Ministers  of  the  Gospel  have  left  their  Mocks,  Lawyers  have 
left  their  clients.  Doctors  their  patients,  Agriculturists  their 
farms.  Merchants  their  counting-houses,  ]Mechanics  their  shops. 
Last,  though  certainly  not  the  least,  the  Press,  the  gi-eat  expo- 
nent of  public  opinion,  is  represented  by  a  numerous  body  of  the 
corps  editorial.  I  find,  indeed,  all  classes  of  our  people  but  one. 
There  is  an  absence  of  Collectors  of  Customs.  They  are,  unfor- 
tunately, kept  too  busy  in  the  discharge  of  their  duty— wddch  is, 
to  obstruct  the  trade  between  the  two  countries — to  be  able  to 
assist  at  this  splendid  demonstration.  All,  however,  that  are  here 
are  of  one  mind.  And  I  am  sure  that  I  give  utterance  to  the  uni- 
versal feeling  when  I  again,  Mr.  Mayor  and  Gentlemen,  assure 
you  of  our  deep  gratitude  for  your  hospitable  reception.  [Veiy 
great  cheering.] 

Although  it  had  now  become  quite  dark  in  the  jjavilion, 
wishes  were  expressed  in  all  quarters  to  hear  from  Hon. 
Josiah  Quincy,  .Tr.,  before  adjourning.  He  was  accordingly 
called  upon  by  the  Mayor  to  "  enlighten  the  audience." 

Mr.  (iuiNCY  remarked, — 

That  he  had  been  requested  to  speak  on  the  important  (|uestion 
of  Reciprocity  of  T'rado  between  Canada  and  the  I'nltcd  .States. 


<l 


i 


;^ 

1 

t:r 

;  ■ 

ll 

|l 

i 

1 

m 

f^^K 

LsG 


but  that  tho  lateuorfs  of  the  hour  would  pi'ovent  hit*  diAiv/^  inoi-c 
than  addiii;^  his  con;j;ratulations  to  tlic  shareholders  and  oliicers  of 
the  several  roads  Avhose  completion  was  now  celol)ratcd.  Tlicu- 
sacrifices  and  anxieties  Avcre  for;^otten  in  the  general  joy ;  hut  ho 
believed  that  whatever  might  be  the  )ecuniary  results,  sucli  a 
recognition  of  the  importance  of  their  labors  nuist  ever  be  u 
source  of  satisfaction.  He  had  devoted  two  years  exclusively  to 
this  work,  and  been  responsible  personally  for  millions  of  dollars 
in  order  to  insure  its  completion ;  and  when  the  Head  of  the 
Nation  and  the  Representative  of  tho  (v>ucen  met  to  acknowledgo 
the  national  importance  of  the  undertaking,  he  felt  that  neither 
his  friends  nor  liimself  had  labored  in  vain. 


After  some  further  remarks,  Mr.  (iuiNcv  gave,  alluding  to 
the  darkness  of  the  Pavilion, — 

"  The  Canadians  and  Bostonians, — They  may  meet  after  sun- 
down and  without  candles,  but  can  never  again  be  in  the  dark  as  it 
respects  the  sentiments  they  entertain  for  one  another.  [Cheers 
and  laughter.] 

After  three  cheers  for  the  Ladies,  given  at  the  suggestion  of 
Lord  Elgin,  the  Mayor,  intimating  that,  although  it  was  dark 
within  the  pavilion,  the  City,  Avithout,  was  blazing  with 
illuminations  and  fireworks,  put  the  question,  "  Shall  tliis 
meeting  now  be  dissolved?"  This  was  carried  netn.  con., 
and  the  Mayor  closed  the  ceremonies  with  these  emphatic 
words, — 


"  The   meetnig   is   dissolved   accordingly. 
Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts." 


God    Save  the 


Immediately  on  leaving  the  Pavilion,  the  President  and  iiis 
Suite,  accompanied  by  Alderman  Rogers,  the  State  Commit- 
tee, Lieutenant  Colonels  Heard,  Chapman  and  Needham,  of 
the  Governor's  Staff,  and  Benjamin  Stevens,  Esq.,  Sergeant- 
at-Arms,  took  the  cars  for  Fall  River,  where  they  arrived  at 
8  1-2  o'clock,  and  went  on  board  the  steamer  Empire  State, 
for  Newport, 


1S7 


On  taking  leave  of  the  President  at  Newport,  Colonel 
Hkaud  said, — 

Mk.  President, — 

In  conipliance  "witli  instructions  from  His  Excellency,  the  (Jov- 
crnor  of  Alassachusetta,  his  military  staft"  will  now  take  their  leave 
of  you.  In  doir.j^  so,  permit  me  to  say  that  the  duty  of  the  statt", 
in  attending  you  to  and  from  the  capitol  of  the  State,  has  been  to 
them  a  most  pleasant  one,  and  they  trust  that  the  manner  in 
which  it  has  been  discharged  meets  with  your  approval. 

To  which  the  President  replied  as  follows, — 

COLONFL, 

I  feel  deeply  grateful  to  the  Oovemor  of  Massachusetts  for 
the  kind  attention  and  the  many  tokens  of  respect  ho  has  been 
pleased  to  show  me  from  the  time  I  first  entered  the  borders  of 
your  State. 

And  to  you,  Gentlemen,  I  will  say,  that  nothing  has  given  me 
greater  pleasure  than  the  personal  attention  and  gentlemanly 
kindness  which  I  have  received  from  the  Governor's  Staff. 

Gen.  Wilson,  Chairman  of  the  Committee,  then  said — 

Mr.  President, — 

Having  accompanied  you  to  the  borders  of  the  Commonwealth, 
we  must  now  take  our  leave  by  bidding  you  farewell.  In  behalf 
of  the  Committee,  and  in  the  name  of  the  Commonwealth,  allow 
me  to  express  to  you  the  high  gratification  which  your  visit  has 
conferred.  I  need  not  speak  for  the  people  ;  they  have  spoken 
for  themselves.  I  hope,  Sir,  that  you  and  the  members  of  your 
Cabinet  who  have  accompanied  you,  have  received  pleasiu'e  from 
this  visit.  I  trust,  Sir,  you  will  return  to  the  Capitol,  with  the 
assurance  that  the  people  of  Massachusetts  know  no  lines  of  lati- 
tude or  of  longitude,  but  that  they  embrace  in  their  affections  the 
whole  country  and  all  the  people,  of  every  race  and  condition. 

The  President,  in  reply,  said  that  his  visit  had  been  one  of 
unalloyed  enjoyment,  lie  had  had  no  previous  conception  of 
Avhat  he  and  his  associates  had  witnessed.  He  rejoiced  in  the 
evidences  of  prosperity  which  had  presented  themselves  to  him, 
and  he  felt  sure  that  the  people  loved  the  whole  country,  knowing 
no  North,  no  South,  no  East,  no  West.  He  thanked  the  Com- 
mittee for  the  attention  wliich  he  and  his  associates  had  received 
from  them,  and  wished  them  prosperity  and  happiness. 


% 


U 


;f  I 


InR 


Tlio  President,  and  the  distinifuishcd  ;j;entlcniGn  who  had 
accompanied  him  hither,  then  took  leave  of  their  escort,  and 
proceeded  on  tlieir  retnrn  to  Washinjjton. 

AUhouijh  multitudes,  in  the  city  and  its  neighborhood,  had 
been  deprived,  by  the  temporary  indisposition  of  the  Presi- 
dent and  the  necessity  for  his  early  departure,  of  the  satis- 
faction of  seeing  and  welcoming  him  on  the  last  day  of  his 
visit,  stiil  his  presence  at  Boston  on  this  occasion  was  the 
source  of  the  highest  pleasure  to  her  citizens.  The  impres- 
sions which  his  courteous,  cordial  and  dignified  manners, 
his  undisguised  enjoyment  of  the  scenes  ho  witnessed,  and 
the  warm  interest  he  manifested  in  the  prosperity  and  welfare 
of  the  city,  left  upon  the  minds  of  her  people,  will  not  soon 
be  effaced.  Not  only  his  eminent  office  entitled  him  to  re- 
spect, but  his  own  admirable  qualities  commanded  the  most 
cordial  esteem.  The  people  of  Boston  will  long  cherish  the 
recollection  of  his  visit,  and  the  pleasant  associations  which 
connect  his  name  with  the  festive  scenes  of  the  celebration. 


As  night  closed  over  the  city — the  last  night  of  the  Jubi- 
lee— and  while  thousands  thronged  the  streets  happy  in  the 
consciousness  of  pleasure  given  and  received,  and  rejoicing 
that  their  most  sanguine  anticipations  had  been  so  fully  real- 
ized, and  that  the  connection  of  the  City  to  the  once  remote 
Provinces  of  the  North  and  distant  regions  of  the  West  had 
already  produced  a  gladsome  harvest  of  kindly  social  inter- 
course and  mutual  regard  ;  the  illuminations  which  had  been 
prepared  to  illustrate  this  hoped  for  result,  and  as  emblematic 
not  only  of  present  joy,  but  of  bright  hope  for  the  future, 
one  by  one,  irradiated  the  scene,  and  called  forth  the  admira- 
tion of  all. 

To  describe  the  various  and  brilliant  exhibitions  of  that 
kind,  which  were  witnessed  in  many  parts  of  the  city,  is  of 
course  impossible,  but  surli  report.s,  as  are  at  hand,  of  particn- 


189 


lar  displays  will  however  bo  ;^iven ;  though  porhaps  theie 
were  others,  equally  worthy  of  notice,  the  peculiar  features 
of  which  cauuot  now  be  asceriaiuetl. 

The  Old  State  House,  for  many  years  the  Capitol  of 
the  Province  of  Massachusetts,  and  now  venerable  for  its  age, 
was  most  brilliantly  illuminated,  as  were  also  the  l)uildings 
on  each  side  of  it,  among  which  the  "  Journal  "  building  was 
conspicuous ;  so  that  the  head  of  the  street  was  as  light  as 
day. 

The  City  Hall  was  one  blaze  of  light  on  both  sides,  and 
the  situation  of  the  builduig  added  greatly  to  the  elFcctive- 
ness  of  the  display. 

The  Tremont  House  is  especially  worthy  of  notice  for 
the  extent  and  splendor  of  its  illumination.  The  columns 
of  the  portico  were  like  pillars  of  tlame.  Two  thousand 
lights  were  placed  in  the  windows,  besides  which  there  were 
dazzling  rosettes  of  gas  in  front.  The  exhibition  called  forth 
the  warmest  encomiums  of  thousands. 

The  piano-forte  manufactory  of  Hallett,  Davis  &.  Co.,  No. 
409  Washington  street,  rivalled  the  most  brilliant  displays  in 
the  city.  More  than  six  hundred  and  thirty  lights  were 
burning,  while  the  architecture  of  the  building,  with  its  dark 
freestone  front,  served  as  a  set-off,  and  added  much  to  the 
magnificence  of  the  sight.  A  continual  flight  of  rockets, 
wheels,  blue  lights,  and  other  pyrotechnics,  were  discharged 
from  the  front  of  the  building. 

Comer's  Initiatory  Counting  Room,  at  the  corner  of  Wash- 
ington and  School  streets,  was  lighted  up  with  more  than 
one  hundred  and  fifty  lamps,  which  gave  it  a  truly  resplen- 
dent appearance. 

The  beautiful  facade  of  the  American  Plouse,  in  Hanover 
street,  was  radiant  with  the  numerous  and  tastefully  arranged 
lights  which  blazed  at  every  window. 

Faneuil  Hall,  the  time-honored  "  Cradle  of  Liberty,"  was 
also,  on  this  joyous  occasion,  most  brilliantly  illuminated 
from  its  base  to  the  cupola,  and  surrounded  by  crowds  of  de- 
lighted spectators,  attracted  thither  as  well  by  their  interest 


100 


in  the  noMo  old  building  itself,  as  by  the  beautiful  sperrtaclo 
it  presented  amid  the  commingled  blaze  of  a  tliousand  liirlits. 

Of  th(i  numerous  displays  which  wert;  made  by  the  i)ul)lic 
spirit  of  individuals  or  companies,  no  one,  perhaps,  surpassed 
that  which  was  exhibited  by  the  IJoston  Gas  Jjight  Co.  on 
Washington  street.  In  front  of  the  office  of  this  Company 
was  seen  the  word  "Union,"  in  "letters  of  living  light," 
supported  by  four  vines,  above  all  which  blazed  a  single  star 
of  dazzling  brilliancy.  The  simplicity  and  significance  of 
the  design,  combined  with  the  perfect  success  of  its  execu- 
tion, merited  and  received  the  hearty  admiration  of  the 
throngs  which  lingered  near. 

But  before  the  eye  had  been  wearied  with  the  radiant,  but 
now  fading,  beauty  of  the  illuminations,  it  was  anew  delight- 
ed with  the  splendor  of  the  fire  works  which  were  now 
blazing  in  all  parts  of  the  city. 

These  coruscations,  one  after  another,  disappeared ;  the 
multitudes  reluctantly  but  quietly  dispersed  ;  the  sounds  of 
festivity  gradually  died  on  the  ear,  and  soon  the  silence  of 
night  reigned  over  the  City.     The  Jubilee  was  at  an  end. 


l!)l 


C  0  N  C  J.  IJ  S 1 0  N  . 


It  only  remains,  in  ordor  to  bring  the  account  of  the  cele- 
Ijiatiou  to  its  conclusion,  to  notice  a  few  of  the  events  which 
uccuned  on  the  succeeding  day. 

And  it  may  not  be  unworthy  of  remark  that  unlike  the 
three  preceding  days,  which  were  singularly  beautiful,  the 
morning  of  Saturday,  Sept.  20th,  was  cloudy,  and  gave  evi- 
dent tokens  of  an  approaching  storm.  "  How  fortunate  !  " 
Avas  the  exclamation  that  came  unbidden  from  the  lips  of  all, 
in  view  of  the  great  disappointment  so  many  would  have 
felt,  had  the  clouds  gathered  earlier. 

"Tristc  lupus  staliulis,  maturis  frugibus  imbrcs, 
Arboribus  vcnti," 

but  quite  as  sad  a  thing  and  as  much  to  be  lamented  would 
have  been  an  equinoctial  storm  in  the  midst  of  the  festivities 
of  the  Jubilee.  Happy,  indeed,  was  it,  and  gratefully  to  be 
remembered,  that  no  such  occurrence  was  permitted  to  de- 
range the  preparations  which  had  been  made  for  the  occasion ; 
but  that,  on  the  contrary,  even  the  very  elements  of  nature 
seemed  to  combine,  to  throw  over  the  festive  scenes  all  the 
glories  of  a  New  England  summer. 

This  was  the  day  for  separation,  and  in  the  course  of  it 
the  greater  number  of  those  who  had  come  from  Canada, 
and  other  distant  places,  took  their  departure  ;  though  many 
still  remained  to  visit  the  schools  and  other  public  institu- 
tions of  the  city  and  vicinity. 

Very  early  in  the  morning  Lord  Elgin  took  his  departure,* 
bearing  with  him  an  abundant  harvest  of  golden  opinions  and 
cordial  good  wishes.  Having  declined  a  public  escort,  he  was 
attended  to  the  Lowell  Railroad  Station  by  Mr.  Mayor  Bigelow 
and  John  P.  Putnam,  Esq.,  of  the  Council,  and  was  accom- 

*  Loi'il  Elgin  reached  IMontreal  in  sixteen  hours  from  the  time  of  leaving  Bos- 
ton, by  Uie  route  of  the  Lowell  and  Vermont  Central  IJailroads.  I"or  remarks 
lUKjn  his  visit  to  Boston,  sec  his  Answer  to  an  Addre-i  of  the  Corporation  nf 
Montreal,  in  the  Appendix. 


'in 


i 


^i 


ill, 


■i| 


?.i 


192 


panied  to  his  home  by  his  Suite,  Gov.  Paine,  of  Vermont,  and 
the  Mayor  and  Corporation  of  Montreal. 

In  the  course  of  the  morning  a  large  number  of  the  guests 
(about  two  hundred)  from  Canada  met  at  the  Revere  House, 
and  marched  thence  in  procession  to  the  City  Itall,  where 
they  presented  to  the  Mayor  the  following  address  of  thanks, 
(read  by  Judge  Aylwin,)  which  had  been  prepared  by  a  Com- 
mittee* of  their  number,  appointed  for  that  ])urpose  at  a 
meeting  held  on  the  previous  evening  : — 

To  THE  MUNICITAL  AUTHORITIES  AND  CITIZENS  OF  BoSTON  ! 

While  wc,  inhabitants  of  Canada,  congratulate  you  on  the  coin- 
})lction  of  the  numerous  and  extended  linos  of  Railroad  in  your 
►State,  and  acknowledge  the  benefits  which  we,  as  well  as  your- 
selves, must  derive  from  them,  we  cannot  depart  from  your  city 
without  an  earnest  a.^'Surauce  of  our  sense  of  the  munificent  hos- 
pitality and  kindness  with  which  we  have  been  received  and 
entertained  by  you  on  this  interesting  occasion. 

It  woidd  be  impossible,  within  the  compass  of  a  hurried  addi-ess, 
to  enter  at  length  into  the  feelings  of  gratification  which  the 
events  of  the  last  three  days  have  left  on  our  minds,  or  ade<|uately 
to  express  the  sentiments  to  which  these  events  have  given  rise. 

There  are  recollections  connected  with  the  relations  which  tho 
l*rovince  in  which  we  are  residents  bears  to  the  great  country 
of  wliich  your  city  is  one  of  the  proudest  ornaments,  that  render 
the  hitorchange  of  kindly  feelings  a  matter  of  deeper  interest 
than  Avoiild  attach  to  the  same  intercourse  between  the  several 
cities  of  either  country;  and  we  congratulate  you  that,  with  a 
magnanimity  worthy  of  tho  intellectual  and  moral  culture  for 
which  your  city  is  justly  famed,  you  have  furnished  an  example 
which  has  warmed  into  life  and  strength  those  genial  impulses  of 
mutual  friendship  which  ought  ever  to  exist  between  tliose  who 
are  bound  together  by  so  many  ties  of  a  common  brotherhood. 
The  passing  enjoyments  must  yield  to  the  stern  pursuits  of  life ; 
but  there  are  impressions  and  sympathies  which  no  lapse  of  time 
can  efface  or  chill. 

We  shall  long  remember  the  occasion  upon  which  we  have  been 
thus  so  happily  drawn  together — it  will  constitute  an  important 
era  in  the  history  of  your  State  and  of  our  Province.  Your 
magnificent  railroad  communications  with  the  other  States  of  the 
Union  and  the  British  Provinces  aftbrd  to  the  continent  of  Ameri- 
ca and  the  world  at  large  a  bright  example  of  what  may  be 
achieved  by  the  intelligence  and  indomitable  energy  of  an  cnlight 
cned  people. 

'*  See  Appciidi.s,  iui  iiainerf  uu'l  ino'.eeiliii.^-  uf  lli.?  CVmiuitlec 


1!):] 


f'ormlt  us,  then,  to  offor  to  voti  In  our  own  name,  and  wo  may 
venturo  to  lukl,  In  tlii'  nanio  of  tlic  I'rovince  of  Canada,  om- 
licartfblt  tlianks  for  tlio  welcnim;  ('xiendcd  tu  us,  for  the  c<turU'sy 
with  Avhich  wc  liavo  Itecn  treati.'d,  and  most  of  all,  for  that  kindly 
Pl'irit  whlcli  has  hcaiiiod  in  evwy  i'acc,  and  ;j:i'CCtod  us  in  every 
jiart  of  your  ))rosjterous  city,  and  to  add  our  fervent  wish  for  your 
welfare,  and  that  this  p-eat  nieetin;.'  may  he  hut  a  hcL'inninji  of 
those  social  and  friendly  relations  which  it  is  the  duty  not  less  of 
nations  than  of  individuals  to  cultivate. 

On  hohalf  of  the  meeting, 

T.  ('.  Aylwin,  C/ialnntni. 
.Toiix  JtosE,  SWretani. 
Boston,  1!»th  Sept.  1851. 

After  reading  the  address,  and  receiving  the  reply  of  the 
Mayor,  the  delegation  withdrew  to  the  s(iuarc  in  front  of  the 
City  Hall,  and  gave  three  cheers  for  Mr.  Mayor  Bigelow,  and 
six  for  the  city  of  Boston. 

Subseciuently,  the  Canadian  iNIinisters,  together  with  Sir 
Allan  McXab,  appeared  and  presented  the  following  expression 
of  their  sentiments  through  the  Honorable  jMr.  Hincks: — 

To  His  Honor  tiir  ]\Iayor  and  the  City  CorNciL  of  Eoston  : 
We,  the  undersigned,  while  cordially  concuiTing  in  every  senti- 
ment ot  the  address  presented  to  you  I>y  our  fellow  subjects  from 
Canada,  feel  called  upon  to  acknowledge  the  attentions  which  we 
have  received  as  si)C'cial  guests  of  the  city  of  lioston,  on  the 
interesting  occasion  of  your  great  Railroad  and  Steamship  Jubilee, 
and  to  assure  you  one  and  all  that  we  shall  long  remember  your 
hospitalities  with  gratitude,  and  that  nothing  will  afford  »is  greater 
pleasure  than  to  have  an  opportunity  of  reciprocating  them. 
F.  Hincks, 

Inspector  (Jencral. 
K.  P.  Taciie, 

Kecciver  (jenoral. 

J  OP.   BOURRET, 

Chief  Commissioner  of  Public  Works. 
.1.  H.  Price. 

Commissioner  of  Crown  Lands. 
Lewis  T,  Drummonj), 

Solicitor  (Jeneral  for  Lower  Canada. 
J.  Sandfield  jIacdonald, 

Solicitor  General  for  Upper  Canada. 

IL^MIJ.TON  II  KiLLALY, 

Assistant  Commissioner  of  Public  Works. 
Allan  N.  McXa?.. 
Boston.  20th  September,  18;'1. 


(if 


.'I,;. 


l!)4 


A  (Inpntalion,  foiisistiiiu  of  Mr.  .M;iy<>r  llt»\v'cs  oT  'rornnio, 
mid  soverul  mcmljcrs  of  the  Coiiiicil  ol"  ili.'il  «ity,  next 
appoaied,  and  read  tli»!  Inllowin;^  address: — 

To  His  Honor  tiii;  Mayor  of  IJostox  : 

Sir: — 'I'lio  Mavor  and  ( 'orjmnition  of  Toronto,  in  talvin;^  leave 
of  tlio  Mayor  and  otli(>r  municipal  autliorities  of  IJoston,  oe;;  t<»  ex- 
press their  deep  sense  of  the  unlxuuided  hospitality  shown  to 
thcni  during;  their  stay  in  this  city;  and  they  know  they  can 
speak  confidently  in  assiirin;^  the  municipal  authorities  of  jjoston 
that  the  debt  of  oI)li;^ation  thus  contracted  will  l»e  ^^ladly  acknowl- 
edi!;cd  by  their  fellow  citizens  of  Toronto ;  and  they  tnist  that 
the  kiniUy  feelin<i;s  thus  created,  may  contimic  to  increase,  and 
])roduce  its  a)>|iropriate  results  in  a  frequent  intcrchanj^e  of  those 
courtesies  which  are  so  a;];rcea1)le  in  themselves,  and  so  eminently 
conducive  to  the  welfare  of  cities,  as  well  as  of  individuals. 

They  l»e;.%  in  conclusion,  to  offer  the  expression  of  tlieir  sincere 
hope,  that  the  most  sanguine  anticipations  of  the  new  lines  of 
railroad,  whose  openin;^  ,;:;avc  occasion  to  the  recent  truly  nia,L'nifi- 
eent  festivities,  may  he  amply  realized  in  the  oijeninui;  u{>  of  new 
channels  of  connnerco  and  the  conse(|uent  increased  prosperity  of 
the  city  of  IJoston. 

John  (5.  Bowes,  Mmjor. 

Boston,  September  20,  ISot. 

The  following  address  was  then  presented  by  a  large  dc|)U- 
tation  from  the  citizens  of  Toronto,  who  were  present  at  the 
celebration ; — 

To  the  Mayor  ami  Municipal  AuthoritieH  of  the  Oit>/  of  Boston  : 

Mr.  Mayor  and  ( Jkntlkmkn  : 

We  the  nndersi^^ncd,  inhabitants  of  the  city  of  Toronto  and  its 
vicinity,  who  have  been  ])artakers  of  the  hospitality  of  your  city 
during  the  Railroad  Festival  which  has  just  been  concluded,  be^ 
leave,  before  departing  for  our  homes,  to  return  to  you  our 
warmest  thanks  for  the  attention  which  "we  have  received  from 
you  and  your  fellow  citizens,  and  to  express  to  you  our  most 
grateful  acknowledgments  for  the  honor  and  the  pleasure  con- 
ferred upon  us  in  being  made  participators  in  a  Jubilee,  calcu- 
lated, as  we  devoutly  hope,  to  cement  and  render  permanent  an 
union,  of  interests  as  well  as  of  affection,  between  the  citizens 
of  our  i-espective  countries,  so  hapjjily  commenced  under  your 
auspices. 

Through  the  histrumentality  of  the  works,  the  completion  of 
which  we  have  boon  invited  to  celebrate,  Ave  flatter  ourselves  that 


I!)-) 


\\<'  SCO  a  tiilo  of  |iriis|)(.'rily  llowiii;^  into  Ciiniiilii  t"n>iii  your  sliurc^ 
wIi'k'Ii,  ill  its  o'll),  will  fiiiivcy  Icick  to  ynti  the  lanilac'tious  nf  a 
soil  tL'Ciuiii;;  with  wealth  im'ah'iihihlc  aiiil  a^  yet  to  \oii  uiikiiowii. 

ThiMii-h  our  l'ro\iM(;o  ami  thfnii;:li  otir  city  tlic  iron  link,  which 
U  to  connect  youf  city  with  the  '•  l'"ar  \Vcsl."  in'ist  of  uccc.«>ity 
lie  niatk! ;  uiid  we  are  not  hiinil  to  the  imiiortaiice,  tti  ourselves,  as 
well  as  to  you,  that  this  link  should  he  lornied  with  as  little  delay 
as  |iossihle. 

In  extending  tiiese  channels  for  commercial  intercourse  throu;^h 
our  country,  it  will  he  our  ohjoct  to  endeavor  to  emulate  you  in 
that  8[)irit  of  enterprise  and  self-reliance  which  has  not  only  ele- 
vated your  city  lo  its  jn-esent  jirosperons  position,  hut  is  one  of 
tlie  cliief  of  your  national  characteristics,  and  to  which  in  a  ;:i;reut 
measure  your  eountry  is  indehted  for  that  exulted  rank  anion;; 
the  nations  of  the  earth  which  it  has  attained  within  so  shoi-t  a 
period. 

We  feel  asstired  that  our  exertions  Avill  he  attended  with  your 
hearty  Avishes  for  our  sjieedy  success. 

The  destinies  of  the  world  for  ;;oo«l  or  for  ill,  for  peace  or  for 
war,  are  suspendeil  in  the  united  hands  of  the  twr)  ^^reat  nations 
to  which  we  respectively  helonLi",  and  we  sincerely  pray  that 
the  sentimentg  of  fraternal  re^^ard  with  which  we  have  felt  in- 
sjiired  durin;;;  the  cclelmition  of  your  ;j;reat  festival  may  be  per- 
petual, and  that  jteace  and  happiness  nnder  the  joint  iniluenco  of 
our  respective  ilulers  may  forever  ])ervade  the  earth. 


.Toiiv  AnxoM), 
A.  M.  Cr.AKK, 

KUWAKI)  Cr.  O'BlUHN, 

Wm.  Kr.Ks. 
John  M.  Gwynnk, 
Alkx'u  Dixon, 
E.  llnAnnruxi:, 
Gi:oi{C.K  Ew'AUT, 
Tiios.  Davidson, 
llouEUT  S.  Maitland, 
Waltku  Gouuaji, 
Alex.  Manning, 
John  Patton, 
John  Watkins, 
W.  B.  Skelton, 
Richard  Dempsey, 
Tnos.  Brunskill, 
Joseph  Rogerson, 
Gavin  Russell,  M.D., 
John  Welsh, 
War.  IIali.owkll,  M.D., 
Jas.  Jno.  Hayes,  M.D., 
Enw'o  GoLDSiiiTu, 


Wm.  Tiunkr, 
w.  e.  tw'vnaai, 

RlSSl.l,  lN<il.lS, 

Jno.  C.  Uetteriuoe, 
J.  R.  MouNTJoy, 
R.  riLKiNGTON  Crooks, 
KlVAS  Tl'lly, 

J.  DODSLKY  IlUMl'llREYS, 

Chaki.es  L.  Davies, 
Georce  Her  rick,  M.  D., 
Jas.  Reeu, 
John  Elliott, 
James  Hougert, 
RoisERT  Davis, 
W.  J.  Fitzgerali>, 

J.  SiLVERTHORN, 

Jas.  Young, 
George  Cheney, 
Eyre  M.  Shaw, 
RoBT.  Beekjian, 
Frederick  Perk i.vs, 
A.  V.  Brc^wx, 
Angus  Dallas. 


¥.' 


196 


Mmi, 


Gi:0.  A.  PlIILLl'OTTS, 

Kick  L.kwis, 
.John  Hutciiinsox, 

FuAMvLIX  JaCKKS, 

Jonx  Cotton, 


Chaulks  Koukutsox, 

Eu  W  A  UU  L AAV  SON, 

John  IIi:LLnvi;i.i., 
Joiix  M.  IMoxuo. 


To  each  of  these  addresses  tlie  Mayor  responded  in  an 
appropriate  manner,  but  their  presentation  being  wholly 
unexpected,  no  reporters  were  present,  and  no  sketches  of 
the  replies  have  been  preserved  excepting  a  ]iortion  of  the 
answer  to  the  Canadian  Ministry,  having  special  reference  to 
Lord  Elgin. 

In  this  reply,  after  reciprocating  expressions  of  consideration 
and  regard,  and  touching  upon  appropriate  topics,  the  Mayor 
said  that  he  availed  himself  of  the  occasion  to  speak  of  his  own 
impressions,  and  the  impresssions  of  those  whom  he  repre- 
sented, concerning  His  Excellency,  the  Governor  General; 
the  shortness  of  whose  visit,  was  the  subject  of  regret 
throughout  the  City.  His  frank  and  courteous  bearing,  his 
ready  and  generous  appreciation  of  the  character  of  our  people 
and  institutions,  his  glowing  and  captivating  ckxpience  of 
speech,  indicating  a  cultivated  intellect  of  the  highest  order, 
had  commanded  the  respect  and  admiration  of  this  community 
for  him  as  a  man,  no  less  than  as  the  accomplishetl  representa- 
tive of  his  Sovereign.  Although  "rank  "  is  not  tlways  like 
"  the  guinea's  stamp  "  indicative  of  intrinsic  worth,  yet  in  this 
case  none  will  question  that  the  patent,  emanating  from  royal 
favor,  Avorthily  graces  a  nobility  of  nature's  own  coining. 

The  Mayor  then  alluded  to  the  genealogy  of  liord  Elgin,  and 
s])oke  of  tlie  services  of  his  ancestor,  the  fust  Lord  Bruce  of 
Kinloss,  in  preparing  the  way  to  a  peaceful  union  of  the  Crowns 
of  England  and  Scotland,  on  the  death  of  Elizabetii. — a  union, 
he  said, pregnant  with  the  most  momentous  consequences  to  the 
progress  of  the  Anglo  Saxon  race,  and  wliich  will  never  cease  to 
affect  the  destinies  of  mankind.  James  was  indeed  the  rightful 
heir,  but  the  English  aristocracy  (the  Conunons  had  but  little 
weight  at  that  period)  naturally  looked  with  no  small  jealousy 
at  the  accession  dl'  a  foreign  monarch  to  the  throne  of  the 
Tudors :  accomjjunicd,  and  doubtless  to  be  inlluonced,  l)yt!ii' 
nobles  of  his  native   land.      Had  such  Jealousy  availed  to 


.97 


exclude  the  Scottish  King,  a  war  of  succession  would  proba- 
bly have  ensued,  which  would  have  wasted  tiie  resources  and 
crippled  the  strength  of  both  countries,  for  successive  gener- 
ations. At  any  rate,  for  want  of  Union,  neither  country  could 
have  kept  pace  with  the  advance  of  continental  nations,  in 
prosperity  and  power.  The  star  of  France  would  have  culmi- 
nated without  a  rival.  England  could  have  had  neither  fleets 
nor  armies  adequate  to  protect  her  own  colonies,  (if  indeed 
she  would  ever  have  possessed  any,)  much  less  to  wrest  such 
from  the  hands  of  her  powerful  antagonist.  The  annals  of 
modern  warfare  on  this  continent,  as  well  as  elsewhere,  Avould 
have  been  far  different  from  the  existing  record, — Montcalm 
might  have  lived  to  the  natural  term  of  an  honored  life,  and 
the  blood  of  Wolfe  might  not  have  sealed  his  country's  tri- 
umph. 

The  great  current  of  human  events  is  often  turned  by 
seemingly  inadequate  causes ;  and  it  may  be  that  the  festi- 
val which  has  assembled  in  harmonious  fellowship  so  much 
of  the  talent,  wealth,  and  representation  of  power,  of  the 
British  and  American  nations,  will  exercise  an  important 
influence  in  confirming  and  perpetuating  amity  between 
branches  of  a  kindred  race.  Oui  celebration  will  owe  much 
of  its  moral  and  political  effect  to  the  presence,  and  concilia- 
tory bearing,  of  him  who  has  represented,  in  chief,  the  Mothek 
Country  and  her  colonies,  on  the  occasion.  If,  as  I  believe,  he 
has  contributed  largely  to  strengthen  the  bonds  of  national 
brt  therhood,  and  thereby  to  the  diffusion  of  the  immortal 
pr;  iciples  of  **  peace  on  earth  and  good  will''  among  men,  he 
V  ill  have  added  new  lustre  to  the  honors  of  a  house,  which 
instory  has  adorned  wi'h  the  laurels  of  Bannockburn. 


Here  concludes  the  account  of  the  Railroad  Jubilee.  The 
motives  which  led  to  its  institution  have  been  already  stated, 
and  the  eloquent  words  of  the  deputation  of  the  citizens  of 
Toronto  may  well  be  used  to  express  also  the  sentiments  of 
(he  citizens  of  Boston,  in  regard  to  its  moral  result : 


198 


"  The  destinies  of  the  world  for  good  or  for  ill,  for  peace 
or  for  war,  are  in  a  great  degree  suspended  in  the  united 
hands  of  the  two  great  nations  to  which  we  respectively 
belong — and  we  sincerely  pray,  that  the  sentiments  of  frater- 
nal regard,  with  which  we  have  felt  inspired  during  the 
celebration  of  this  Festival,  may  be  perpetual,  and  that  peace 
and  happiness,  under  the  joint  influence  of  our  respective 
Rulers,  may  forever  pervade  the  earth." 


1,  for  peace 
the  united 
■espectively 
ts  of  frater- 
during  the 
.  that  peace 
respective 


APPENDIX 


0 


T 

Brit 

late 


S 
pncli 
Her 
whic 

whic 
took 
in  ce 
Can? 
whic 
expe 
the  I 
Her 
town 
I 
rancf 

Ti 


Sn 
Septt 


APPENDIX. 


OFFICIAL   CORRESPONDENCE   IN   RELATION   TO 
LORD  ELGIN'S  VISIT  TO  BOSTON. 

The  following  correspondence  between  the  Representative  of  Great 
Britain  at  Washington,  and  the  Secretary  of  State,  grew  out  of  the 
late  visit  of  Lord  Elgin  to  this  city: 

"Washington,  Nov.  28,  1851. 

Sir  : — In  reference  to  our  late  conversation,  I  have  the  honor  to 
enclose  the  copy  of  a  despatch  which  has  been  addressed  to  me  by 
Her  jMajesty's  principal  Secretary  of  State  for  Foreign  Affairs,  by 
which  I  am  instructed  to  express  the  gratification  felt  by  Her 
Majesty's  Government  on  being  apprized  of  the  cordial  reception 
which  was  given  to  the  Earl  of  Elgin  during  the  ceremonies  which 
took  place  at  Boston  on  the  17th,  18th,  and  19th  of  September  last, 
in  celebration  of  the  completion  of  a  line  of  railroad  connecting  the 
Canadas  with  New  England ;  and  in  expressing  the  grateful  sense 
which  Lord  Elgin  entertains  of  the  courtesy  and  hospitality  which  he 
experienced  during  his  visit  to  Boston,  to  convey  to  the  President  of 
the  United  States,  and  the  citizens  ot  Boston,  the  cordial  thanks  of 
ller  Majesty's  Government  for  tliis  proof  of  their  kindly  feelings 
towards  Her  jMajesty's  Government  and  the  British  nation. 

I  avail  myself  of  this  opportunity  to  renew  to  you.  Sir,  the  assu- 
rance of  my  highest  consideration. 

John  F.  Ckampton. 

The  Hon.  Daniel  Webster,  &c.,  &c.,  &c. 


FoRKTGN  Offick,  Oct.  31,  1851. 

Sir: — With  refin-ence  to  your  despatch.  No.  23,  of  the  20th  of 
September,   reporting    the    cordial   reception   which   was   given   to 


202 


the  Earl  of  Elpln  (liirinj»  tlio  ceremonies  wliicli  look  place  at  Boston 
on  the  17th,  IHtli,  and  lUth  of  September,  in  celebration  of  the  com- 
pletion of  the  line  of  railroad  connecting  the  Canadas  with  New  Kti<:. 
land,  I  have  to  acfjiiaint  you  that  Her  Majesty's  Secretary  of  State 
for  the  Colonial  Department  has  received  from  Lord  Eljiin  adcjipatcli 
to  the  same  effect  respecting  his  visit  to  Boston  ;  and,  in  compliance 
with  Earl  Grey's  request,  I  have  to  instruct  you  to  state  to  the  (iov- 
ernment  of  the  United  States  that  Iler  Majesty's  Government  have 
read  with  ^reat  pleasure  the  accounts  which  have  reached  them  of 
the  distinguished  reception  which  wai  given  to  Lord  Elgin  by  llui 
President  of  the  United  States,  and  by  tlie  citizens  of  Boston,  on  tlie 
occasion  in  question,  and  that  Her  Majesty's  Government  are  more 
especially  gratified  by  it,  inasmuch  as  they  look  upon  it  as  a  proof  of 
the  prevalence  and  extension  of  that  good  and  friendly  feeling  between 
the  people  of  the  two  countries  which  Her  Majesty's  Government  are 
80  desirous  to  encourage  and  confirm. 

You  will  also  say  that  Lord  P21gin  entertains  the  most  grateful 
sense  of  the  courtesy  and  hospitality  which  he  experienced  during  his 
visit  to  Boston,  and  that  Her  Majesty's  Government  also  beg  most 
cordially  to  thank  the  President  of  the  United  States,  and  the  citizens 
of  Boston,  for  this  proof  of  their  kindly  feeling  towards  Her  Majesty 
and  the  British  nation. 

I  am,  &c., 

Paljieuston. 

John  F.  Crampton,  Esq.,  «&c.,  &c.,  &c. 


Department  of  State, 
Washington,  November  26,  1851. 

Sir  : — I  have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  note 
of  the  22d  instant,  accompanied  by  a  copy  of  a  despatch  addressed 
to  you  by  Her  Majesty's  principal  Secretary  of  State  for  Foreign 
Affairs,  directing  you  to  express  to  the  President  of  the  United  States, 
and  the  citizens  of  Boston,  the  cordial  thanks  of  Her  Mi.J_sty's  Gov- 
ernment for  the  reception  given  to  the  Earl  of  Elgin  during  the  cere- 
monies which  took  place  at  Boston  on  the  17th,  18th,  and  19tli  of 
September  last,  in  celebration  of  the  completion  of  a  line  of  railioad 
connecting  the  Canadas  with  New  England. 

Your  communication  has  been  laid  before  the  President,  who  has 
directed  me  to  express,  in  reply,  his  gratification  that  Her  Majesty's 
Government  should  have  been  favorably  impressed  with  the  reception 
given  to  Lord  Elgin  on  the  occasion  referred  to. 

I  avail  myself  of  this  opportunity,  sir,  to  offer  to  you  a  renewed 
assurance  of  my  very  distinguished  consideration. 


John  F.  Crampton,  Esq.,  &c.,  »&c.,  &c. 


Dam  EL  Webster. 


fi  at  Boston 
[)i'  the  corn- 
New  Kng- 
ry  of  State 
1 11  despatcli 
compliance 
to  the  (iov- 
nment  have 
ed  them  of 
Igin  by  tlie 
ston,  on  the 
nt  are  more 
s  a  proof  of 
ing  between 
ernment  are 

ost  grateful 
d  during  his 
so  beg  most 
the  citizens 
ler  Majesty 


jrERSTON. 


State, 
26,  1851. 

f  your  note 

h  addressed 
for  Foreign 

nited  States, 
sty's  Gov- 

ing  the  cere- 
and  19th  of 
of  railroad 

ent,  who  has 
er  Majesty's 
:he  reception 

u  a  renewed 


Vebsteu. 


203 


BOROUGH  OF   BOSTON,  ENGLANi), 

AXD 

CITY  OF   BOSTON,  MASS. 

The  three  letters,  which  follow,  have  been  recently  printed  by  order 
of  the  City  Council,  and  although  they  have  no  reference  to  the  cele- 
bration of  September,  they  are  inserted  here,  not  oidy  as  historically 
interesting  to  the  citizens  of  Boston,  but  as  another  "  proof  of  the 
prevalence  and  extension  of  that  good  and  friendly  feeling  between 
the  people  of  the  two  countries,"  which  it  is  so  desirable  to  cultivate 
tnd  contirra,  and  which,  it  is  hoped  and  believed,  if  not  one  of  the 
primary  objects,  will  be  one  of  the  lasting  results,  of  that  celebration. 

City  Hall,  Boston,  Dec.  4,  1851. 

Sir  : — I  transmit  to  the  Common  Council  certain  interesting  seals 
and  documents,  wiiich  I  received  some  time  since  from  the  Borough 
of  Boston,  in  England,  through  the  agency  of  John  Louis  Clarke, 
Esq.,  of  this  City.  Mr.  Clarke's  letter,  together  with  one  from  the 
Mayor  of  that  Borough,  which  accompany  this  communication,  will 
explain  the  circumstances  which  led  to  the  transmission  of  these 
acceptable  presents.  The  frame,  in  which  the  seals  are  encased,  is 
stated  to  have  been  made  out  of  one  of  the  original  timbers  of  the 
church  in  which  John  Cotton  preached,  for  some  years  previous  to 
his  emigration  to  this  country, — the  Cotton,  in  honor  of  whom  our 
City  is  supposed  to  have  been  named.  Such  a  fact,  in  an  antiquarian 
point  of  view,  enhances  the  value  of  the  gift. 

I  recommend  that  the  seals  be  placed  in  some  conspicuous  position 
in  the  Council  Chamber,  and  that  the  letters  be  printed  and  placed 
on  file. 

I  have  caused  a  suitable  acknowledgment  of  the  compliment, 
together  with  books  and  maps  appertaining  to  our  City  and  State,  to 
be  forwarded  to  the  authorities  of  the  Borough  of  Boston.* 

Respectfully,  &c., 

John  P.  Bigelovv,  Mayor. 
To  the  Honorable 

FuANCis  Brinley, 

President  of  the  Common  Council. 

*  Note,  (by  the  Maiior,)  attached  to  the  forerfoiiuj  Mfusoffe. 

Boston  is  a  seaport,  market  town  and  borough  of  Lincolnshire,  on  the  River 
Withara,  ninety  miles  north  of  London.  The  name  is  an  abridgement  of 
"BotolpU's  Town."  In  1630  there  were  probably  about  600  families  in  tlie 
borough.  In  1811  it  had  1,837  houses  and  8,113  inhabitants.  In  1841  its  jjopu- 
latiou  had  increased  to  ;i4,6S0.  Its  principal  t)bject  of  curiosity  is  its  .*!in»ous 
clmrch,  (St.  iJololph's,)  the  foundation  of  wliich  was  laid  in  l.'JO'J.  The  building, 
which  is  in  the  Uothic  style  of  architecture,  is  considered  the  largest  parodcici! 


204 


Boston,  Junk  2,  1851. 

Siu: — You  will  roccivc,  enclosed  liercwitli,  a  copy  ot'  n  li'ttcr, 
addressed  to  inu  by  Meabiirn  Stanihuid,  Esii-,  JMayor  ot"  IJoston,  OM 
England,  dated  .January  loth,  but  oidy  very  recently  received.  Tin. 
somewhat  long  interval,  between  its  date  and  recidpl,  may  be  accounted 
lor,  by  the  I'aet  that  it  accompanied  the  present,  to  which  it  refeis. 

In  eomplyinjT  with  the  request  of  Mr.  Staniland,  it  may  not  be  out 
ot"  place  to  oiler  a  few  words,  explanatory  of  llu;  circumstiuices,  t(» 
which  I  am  indebted  for  tiiis  pleasure.  In  the  Spring  of  18  1'.),  J 
went  up  to  Uoston  from  London,  to  gratify  a  curiosity,  which  had  ever 
been  strong,  to  see  this  old  city,  and  compare  it  with  its  younger 
namesake  on  this  side  of  the  water.  I  had  no  letters  of  introduction, 
nor  any  other  passport  to  such  civilities  as  I  received,  and  i'or  which 
I  have  ever  since  been  most  grateful — than  my  place  of  residence  and 
the  object  of  my  visit!  Upon  ji'<certaining  these,  Mr.  Stanihmd  at 
once  extended  the  hand  of  friendship,  olfering  me  every  possilile 
liicility  to  promote  my  wishes,  and  personally  accompany ini;  me  to  all 
places  and  objects  of  interest  to  a  stranger  tliere.  He  presented  me 
to  the  Magistrates  of  the  Court,  over  which  he  presides.  When  pres- 
ent he  is  addressed  in  Court,  as  "Your  AVorship."  The  insignia 
attached  to  the  office  of  Mayor  are  two  maces  and  an  oar  of  silver 
gilt,  which  are  borne  before  him  by  two  Sergeanls-at-Mace  and  the 
Marshal  of  the  Admiralty. 

I  had  the  honor  of  meeting  at  the  hospitable  table  of  the  jMayor, 
three  Ex-Mayors  of  Boston  and  othc:r  gentlemen  of  the  difl'erent  pro- 
fessions, and  it  was  peculiarly  gratifying  to  a  stranger,  to  iiear  so 
much  interest  expressed  in  relation  to  every  thing  connected  with 
Boston,  his  home ;  and  to  realize  that  so  much  was  known  there  of 
her  benevolent  Institutions ;  her  Schools  ;  tiie  enterprising  spirit  of 
her  citizens,  in  the  construction  of  railroads,  and  in  the  building  up 
of  manufacturing  establishments  ;  her  extensive  and  extending  com- 
merce ;  and  her  rapidly  increasing  numbers,  wealth  and  importance. 
These  matters  were  I'reely  discussed,  and  let  me  add,  all  alluded  to 
them  with  great  satisfaction,  and  confessed  their  pride  in  her  growing 
greatness,  and  the  enviable  reputation  she  was  securing  lor  her  hon- 
ored name. 

The  Mayor  proposed  as  a  sentiment — "  The  prosperity  of  Boston, 


church  in  England, — its  length  being  1245  feet  in  the  clear,  hy  '.iS  I'eet  in  widtli. 
The  tower  (of  stone)  is  300  feet  higli,  and  on  its  top  is,  or  was,  an  octagon  lan- 
tern, intended  to  serve  as  a  guide  to  mariners  entering  the  oliannels  of  tlie  Deeps, 
(so  called.)  It  is  said  that  the  light  couhl  he  seen  at  a  distance  of  40  miles,  by 
land  or  water.  There  was  a  legend  among  oin*  Pilgrim  Fathers,  that  the  hiinp 
ceased  to  hum,  when  Cotton  left  the  \>\avc  to  become  a  shining  liuht  in  tlie  wilder- 
ness of  New  Engi.and.  Cotton  was  vicar  of  this  church  lil  years.  The  imme- 
diate cause  of  his  emigration  was  tlie  issue  of  a  warrant  to  liring  him  before  the 
infanrous  "High  Commission  Court,"  to  answer  concerning  his  supposed  hci'ctical 
opinions.  He  concealed  himself  froni  the  search,  while  his  patron,  the  I'.arl  of 
I)or-;ct,  interceded  for  him  with  the  prelates.  TIk;  inteircssion  was  incl'l'eciu;il, 
and  liis  Lordslnp  wrote  to  Mr.  Cotton,  that,  "  if  he  had  })een  guihy  of  drunken 
ness,  iincleanness,  or  any  such  fitults,  he  could  have  obtained  liis  i)ardoii ;  but.  as 
he  was  guilty  of  puritaiiism  and  non-conformity,  the  crime  was  unpardonable, 
and  tliereforc  he  advi-ed  him  to  fb.'f  fiir  his  ■snfcty',  which  he  accordingly  did 


205 


New  Enjrl.'ind:"  cxpressinj*  all  kind  wislie.-*  for  lior  "utiirc  frrentncsy, 
iStc. ;  niul  his  sentiment  and  remarks  were  received  with  a  warmth 
of  feeling,  which  made  nie,  for  a  time,  forget  that  there  were  two 
Bostons. 

1  acknowledged  the  compliment,  and  my  own  gratitude  as  well,  lor 
such  attentions  as  I  had  most  unexpectedly  received  there ;  and  I 
doubtless  took  no  unauthorised  lil)erty,  in  the  assurance  that  such 
kind  and  friendly  sentiments  as  had  been  expressed  by  all  composing 
lli«!  dinner  party,  woidd  be  fully  responded  to  by  tho«e  not  only,  who 
held  in  keeping  the  honor  and  interests  of  the  City  of  my  residence, 
but  also  by  the  citizens  generally. 

At  tills  diimer  ])arty,  a  suggestion  was  made  in  regard  to  the  i)ro- 
priety  of  some  little  token  from  the  Mother  to  the  Daugiiter,  to  bo 
j)hice(l  in  my  charge  for  })resentation,  and  it  was  arranged,  before  I 
left  Boston,  that  the  same  should  be  sent  forward  to  J^iverpool  to 
await  my  arrival  there,  on  my  return.  At  the  time  I  sailed,  howevei*. 
it  had  not  reached  Liverpool,  but  the  inscription  on  the  I'ramu  is  of 
that  date. 

It  was  a  singular  coincidence  in  the  liistory  of  both  cities,  that  an 
effort  had  been  made,  almost  simultaneously,  for  a  better  supj)ly  of 
water  for  both,  and  at  the  time  of  my  visit,  the  Mayor  j)laced  in  my 
hands  an  Act  of  Parliament  for,  and  other  Documents  relating  to,  the 
introduction  of  water  into  Boston,  to  be  presented  with  the  Seals. 
These  Documents  I  have  meantime  kept,  in  the  expectation  that  the 
token,  alluded  to,  would  in  due  time  be  forthcoming,  and,  as  it  has  now 
been  received,  1  avail  myself  of  the  earliest  opportunity  to  present  the 
same,  with  the  Documents  alluded  to. 

Tiie  Church,  of  which  Mr.  Staniland  speaks,  is  without  a  rival,  as  a 
Parish  Church,  in  England,  and  was  erected  about  the  middle  of  the 
iburteenth  century,  of  the  ornamental  or  middle  Gothic  style  of  archi- 
tecture, having  a  tower  three  hundred  feet  in  height.  The  Church 
has  the  grandeur  and  imposing  effect,  almost,  of  a  cathedral. 

Allow  me  to  add,  in  conclusion,  that,  influenced  by  the  peculiar  and 
obvious  delicacy  of  alluding  to  my  personal  experiences  there,  I  siiould 
have  remained  silent,  had  I  alone  been  interested,  but,  under  tiie  cir- 
cumstances, in  which  this  communication  is  written,  1  have  thought  it 
my  duty  to  overrule  any  such  scruples  on  my  part,  and  to  do  justice 
to  others,  and  to  the  interest  and  kind  sentiments,  which  they  so  gen- 
erally and  generously  expressed  in  behalf  of  Boston,  the  younger. 
And  I  have  alluded  to  personal  attentions  there,  as  evincing  an  interest 
in  a  stranger — simply  on  account  of  his  place  of  residence. 
I  am,  Sir,  very  respectfully. 

Your  ob't  serv't, 

John  L.  Claiikk. 

Mou.  John  P.  Bigelow,  Mayor,  &c.  «ic.,  Boston. 


206 


Boston,  Jan.  13,  185]. 

My  Dear  Sir  : — You  will,  I  dare  say,  have  frequently  thou[;lit  I 
hud  quite  forgotten  my  promise  of  sending  you,  for  the  Mayor  of  Hos- 
ton,  U.  S.,  tiie  impressions  of  our  Corporate  Seals.  I  had  not,  how- 
ever, done  so,  but  a  variety  of  circumstanos  have  delayed  its  fullil- 
ment,  wliieh  I  now  (thougii  tardily)  perform. 

Tiie  Seals  are  in  duplicate,  one  being  the  Corporate  Seal,  another 
the  Admiralty  Seal,  (the  Corporation,  at  one  time,  having  had  Admi- 
ralty jurisdiction  along  the  Coast,)  and  the  other  is  the  Otlicial  Seal 
of  the  Mayor.  All  these  Seals  are  of  the  period  of  Henry  the  btli, 
when  the  Borough  was  incorporated. 

I  have  had  the  Seals  phiced  on  parchment  in  an  oak  frame,  to 
which,  I  am  quite  sure,  considerable  interest  will  attach  irom  the  cir- 
cumstance of  its  having  been  made  out  of  one  of  the  original  beams  of 
our  beautiful  Church,  under  the  roof  of  which,  for  several  years, 
preacluid  as  Vicar  that  Cotton,  in  honor  of  whose  character  and  exile 
your  fair  City  received  its  name. 

This  small  token  of  respect,  from  the  Chief  Magistrate  of  "  Old  " 
"  Boston,"  lor  his  oflicial  brother  in  "  New ''  "  Boston,"  though 
intrinsically  valueless,  will  nevertheless,  I  am  sure,  awaken  associa- 
tions and  feelings,  which  I  trust,  may  ever  prevail  between  our 
respective  countrymen,  and  if,  in  the  Council  Chamber  of  the  City  of 
Boston,  this  little  ottering  finds  a  place,  it  will  be  to  me  a  source  of 
great  gratification. 

Do  me  then  the  favor  to  present  the  same  to  your  Mayor,  with  an 
assurance  that  should  he  ever  come  to  the  Old  World  and  honor  me 
with  a  visit,  it  will  afford  me  the  greatest  pleasure  to  receive  him. 
And  believe  me  to  be, 

My  dear  Sir, 

Yours  faithfully, 

M.  Staniland. 
John  L.  Clarke,  Esq.,  Boston. 

Note.     Documents  referred  to  in  the  correspondence. 

An  Act  of  Parliament  for  the  Boston  Water  Works. 
A  Plan  and  Section  of  the  Boston  Water  Works. 
Enf^inccr's  Report  on  the  Boston  Water  Works. 
Directors'  Report  on  the  Boston  Water  Works. 
Blank  Certificates  of  Stock  of  the  Boston  Water  Works. 


207 


L3,  185J. 

y  thou^lit  I 
lyor  ot  Hos- 
,i\  not,  liow- 
d  its  fuUil- 

eal,  another 

had  Admi- 

Othclal  Si'id 

iry  the  Hth, 

ik  fraine,  to 
roni  the  cir- 
[lal  beams  of 
^eral  years, 
er  and  exile 

3  of  "Old" 
)n,"  though 
ken  associu- 
jetweon  our 
r  the  City  of 
B  a  source  of 

lyor,  with  an 
tul  honor  me 
receive  him. 


■ANILAND. 


a. 


I 


CORRESPONDENCE  RESrECTING  THE  JUBILEE. 

The  letters  below  are  but  n  small  portion  of  those  recfived  by  the 
Committee  of  Invitation.  These  however  have  been  selected  a«  ex- 
pressing the  sentiments  of  distinguished  oillcial  personages,  both  of 
our  own  country  and  the  Canadus,  in  relation  to  the  Railway  Cele- 
bration. 

[From  tho  Hon.  Diuiiel  Webster,  Secretary  of  State.] 

Boston,  Ski't.  9,  18.51. 

Gkntlemkv: — I  acknowledge  with  all  due  respect  the  honor  con- 
ferred on  me,  and  coii.municated  through  you  by  the  City  Council  of 
Boston,  in  inviting  me  to  i»»tend  the  proposed  Railroad  Jubilee  on  the 
17th,  18th  and  19th  of  this  month. 

I  regard  the  occasion,  Gentlemen,  as  one  of  high  and  peculiar 
interest,  likely  to  be  honored  by  the  presence  of  many  distinguished 
persons  belonging  to  this  and  other  Slates,  and  also  to  the  adjacent 
British  Provinces ;  and  I  assure  you,  Gentlemen,  that  it  is  with  ex- 
treme regret  that  I  feel  obliged  to  say,  that  it  is  not  in  my  power  to 
accept  the  invitation  of  the  City  Government. 

I  am.  Gentlemen,  with  sincere  personal  regard,  your  obedient 
servant, 

Danikl  WicnsTEH. 

To  Messrs.  Francis  Brinley,  H.  M.  Ilolbrook,  Ezra  Lincoln,  Albert 
T.  Minot,  N.  A.  Thompson,  Henry  .^  Gardner,  Otis  Kimball,  Com- 
viittee. 


[From  the  Governor  of  New  York.] 

Albany,  Sept.  8th,  1851. 

Gentlemen  : — I  have  had  the  honor  to  receive  your  letter,  re- 
questing me  to  unite  with  the  Municipal  Authorities  of  your  City,  in 
celebrating  "  the  completion  of  the  various  lines  of  Railway  which 
connect  Canada  and  the  Great  West  with  the  tide  waters  at  Ilosfon." 
I  regret  sincerely  that  my  engagenicnls  are  of  such  a  nature  as  to 
preclude  an  acceptance  of  your  invitation.  You  must  permit  me, 
however,  to  congratulate  you  upon  i\u\  success  whicli  has  crowned 
your  efforts,  and  to  express  my  iulmiration  of  the  wisdom  and  energy 
displayed  by  your  citizens  in  the  completion  of  a  system  of  improve- 
ments, alike  honorable  to  the  fame  of  your  city  and  conducive  to  its 
growth  and  prosperity. 

We,  the  people  of  New  York,  claim  to  have  some  interest  in  the 
trade  of  the  Great  West,  for  which  you  are  reaching.  Yet  we  have 
desired  to  act  the  part  of  friendly  and  generous  neighbors  towards 
you.  We  have  seen  you  invading  our  soil,  filling  our  valleys,  boring 
our  mountains  at  some  points,  levelling  them  at  others,  and  turning 
your  steam  engines  loose  upon  us  to  run  up  and  down,  roaming  at 


I 


1^1 


n 


208 


]arj.'o  throiiplioiit  our  bonlorfl.  IndciMl,  it  hns  lonfi;  boon  ovidi'tU  lliiit 
you  iiitornlod  to  rido  ovor  us  in  your  ollorts  to  ontic<!  awny  our  wiv-t. 
tern  hrctliron.  Hut  no  voice  of  coinpiiUnt  or  of  rt'sistimc"  hits  lion 
licnrd.  Wo  aro  a  patient  and  aeeoiiiinodalin^  people.  Instead  of 
employing  onr  .sovereijjnty  to  arrest  your  a<,'jjressions  and  rep(d  your 
bold  ineiirsions,  our  Le<»itilatiire  lias  contributed  larjjely  to  the  success 
of  your  desi^rns.  I  am  somewhat  curious  to  know  at  what  point  your 
next  eneroaeiimeiits  will  bejfin.  Tliero  are  limits  to  human  (Midur- 
ance,  and  1  must  warn  you  to  pause  and  tako  breath  bef'oru  making 
fresh  tracks  upon  our  t(>rritory. 

We  have  never  dtisired  to  monopolize  the  Western  traile.  After 
yielding  to  you  a  share  suHlcient  to  satisfy  any  but  an  inordinate  iwid 
grasping  atnbition,  enough  will  n^inain  for  us.  A  fair  survey  of  tlie 
vast  and  fertile  region  b(!yond  the  Lakes,  and  u  just  estimate  of  its 
resources,  its  rapid  increase  in  population  and  production,  and  its  won- 
derful progress  in  opening  new  communications,  ought  to  extinguish 
nil  narrow,  local  jealousies  among  the  Statea  and  cities  of  the  sea- 
board. The  exigencies  of  such  a  counfy  demand  a  liberal  and 
enlightened  policy.  JiOt  us  have  ample  room  and  free  scope  for  all, 
A  matdy  and  gcncTous  competition  is  beneficial  to  every  interest. 
The  vast  and  swelling  commerce  of  the  Western  Lakes  will  fiunish 
full  and  prolitable  employment  for  all  the  artificial  lines  of  (communi- 
cation that  bav(!  been  opened.  We  are  willing  you  should  share  with 
lis  in  advantages  proceeding  from  a  source  so  inc^xhaiistible.  Li  iny 
contemplations  of  the  subject,  1  always  feel  that  New  York  can  allonl 
to  be  not  only  just  but  magnanimous. 

With  great  respect, 

Your  obed't  servant, 

Washington  Hunt. 

Hon.  John  P.  Bigelow,  Francis  Brinley,  and  others,  Committee. 


[From  the  Governor  of  Vermont  I 

Rutland,  Sept.  15,  185L 

Gkntlkmkn  : — I  have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your 
invitation  to  attend,  on  the  17th  iiist.,  the  commemorative  festivities 
on  the  completion  of  the  various  lines  of  railway  which  connect, 
Canada  and  the  Great  West  with  the  tide-w.iters  at  Boston,  and  have 
to  regret  that  my  other  duties  forbid  my  acceding  to  your  polite, 
recpiest. 

Attached  by  the  ties  of  birth  to  the  State  of  Massachusetts,  every- 
thing which  ])romotes  her  prosperity  has  a  deep  hold  upon  my  all'ec- 
tions.  Calling  to  mind  that  when,  in  early  childhood,  I  removed  from 
your  vicinity,  it  required  eight  days  to  accomplisli  the  journey  which 
is  now  performed  in  a  less  number  of  hours,  I  here  witness  an  emi- 
nent example  and  evidence  of  the  industry,  the  perseverance,  and  the 
wealth  of  my  native  State,  and  of  the  city  of  Boston  in  particular. 
The  benelit  of  this  industry,  enterprise,  and  wealth,  is  not  coniined  to 
the  city  and   State  alone,  but  is  equally  shared   by  the  community 


•JO!) 

wiili  wliom  slic  lins  iiny  privnfo,  piililic,  or  pommcroinl  irlfttinn^ — amonp; 
wlioiii  tlic  Stall!  ill  wliit'li  I  reside  |mrtici|nUi'«(  larj;i'ly  and  cxtt'iiMivi-ly. 
Witli  tiiu  most  ur<I(!iit  aspiratinns  lliat  your  pi-o-t|itM'i(y  may  Htill  Ixt 
eoiitiiiiicd,  and  your  enterpriHO  be  rewarded  by  still  ;:;ivatt'r  success,  I 
liavR  tlie  hutior  tu  be, 

Your  obedient  sorvant, 

ClI.    K.    WiM.IAMS. 

To  the  Mayor  nnd  Municipal  Authorities  of  the  City  of  Boston. 


[From  the  Governor  of  Maine] 

IIallowkm,,  Mk.,  Siu'T.  15,  1851. 
(Ikntlkmkv  : — Youra  of  the  3rd,  extetidiny  to  mt*  an  invitation  to 
Htt(Mul  the  railroad  celebration,  to  be  held  at  Boston  on  the   17tli, 
reached  here  when  I  was  absent  for  n  fortnight. 

I  re;^ret  that  an  executive  Hcssion,  to  be  held  at  the  time,  will  forbid 
my  being  present  with  you  on  that  occasion. 

NolhinjT  could  afford  ine  greater  pleasure  than  to  join  in  the  festivl- 
ticH  which  are  to  commemorate  the  glorious  results  of  Boston  enter- 
prise and  energy,  and  to  mark  an  era  in  the  progress  of  u  sister  Cora- 
uionwealth  to  wealth  nnd  power. 

I  um,  with  high  consideration, 
Yours, 

John  llnnnAuo. 
IMessrs.  John  P.  Bigclow,  Mayor. 
Francis  Brinley,  President  of  the  Common  Council. 
Henry  M.  Ilolbrook,  and  others,  of  the  Aldermen  and   Common 
Council,  City  of  Boston. 


[From  the  Governor  of  Connecticut.! 

Hautfoud,  Conn.,  Sei-t.  16,  1851. 
Hon.  J.  P.  BiOELOW,  Mayor  of  Boston. 

Sir: — I  have  had  the  honor  to  receive  your  Invitation  to  the  pro- 
j)0sed  Railway  celebration,  which  is  to  take  place  in  the  City  of  Bos- 
ton on  the  17th  inst.  The  occasion  will  be  one  of  great  interest  to 
all  concerned,  and  highly  honorable  to  the  citizens  of  Boston,  whose 
enterprise  has  contributed  so  largely  to  produce  the  mighty  results 
which  it  is  proposed  to  commemorate  in  an  appropriate  manner. 

I  regret  that  it  will  not  be  in  my  power  to  participate  with  you  in 
the  festivities  of  the  occasion ;  and  more  so  from  the  fact  that  it  will 
mark  an  important  event,  not  only  in  the  history  of  your  city  and 
State,  but  of  New  England  also.  Be  pleased  to  accept.  Sir,  in  be- 
half of  the  Municipal  Authorities  of  Boston,  my  warmest  acknowl- 
edgments for  the  honor  of  the  invitation,  and  believi;  mo  to  be,  very 
respectfully,  Yonr  obedient  servant, 

Tnos.  H.  Seyjioui;. 


i; 


HI  I 


210 


[From  Sir  E.  W.  Head,  Governor  of  New  Brunswick.  | 

GOVKUNMKNX   IlOUSK, 
FUKDERICKTON,   N.    B.,    SeI'T.   5,    1851. 

His  Excellency,  Sir  Edmund  Head,  desires  to  express  to  the 
niunici])al  authorities  of  the  city  of  Boston,  his  sense  of  the  lionor 
•vvhicli  tliey  have  done  him  by  tlicir  invitation  for  the  17tli  inst. 

Sir  Edmund  Head  deeply  regrets  that  urgent  public  business  will 
prevent  his  acceptance  of  their  invitation. 

To  Daniel  N.  Haskell,  Esq.,  Secretary. 


[From  Hon.  R.  S.  Baldwin,  Senator  in  Conj^ress,  from  Connecticut.] 

New  Haven,  Sept.  15,  1851. 

Gentlemen  : — I  have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  reception  of 
your  obliging  invitation,  in  behalf  of  the  municipal  authorities  of  tl:e 
city  of  Boston,  to  be  present  at  the  proposed  celebration  of  the  com- 
pletion of  the  various  lines  of  railway  which  connect  the  Canadas  and 
the  Great  West  with  the  tide  water  at  Boston,  and  the  establishment 
of  American  lines  of  steamers  between  your  city  and  Liverpool. 

I  regret  exceedingly  that  my  engagements  are  such  as  will  not 
allow  me  to  avail  myself  of  your  kindness,  and  that  I  am  compelled  to 
forego  the  gratification  I  should  otherwise  enjoy,  of  uniting  in  the  fes- 
tivities commemorative  of  the  accomplishment  of  enterprises  so  inter- 
esting and  important  to  your  City  and  State,  and  which  cannot  fail  to 
prove  most  auspicious  in  their  inlluence  on  the  common  welfare  and 
prosperity  of  the  widely-extended  regions  they  so  advantageously 
connect. 

I  have  the  honor  to  hr,,  gentlemen,  with  great  respect,  your  obliged 
and  obedient  servant, 

Roger  S.  Baldwix. 

To  Hon.  John  P.  Bigelow,  Mayor. 

Francis  Brinley,  Esq.,  President  of  C.  C,  &c.,  Committee  of  the 
Municipal  Authorities  of  the  City  of  Boston. 


[From  Hon.  C.  Siiwtcllc,  Rep.  in  Coni^rcss,  from  Maine.] 

NouKiDGEWOCK,  Me.,  Sept.  11,  1851. 

Siii: — I  have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  favor  of 
ytli  ult.,  inviting  me,  in  behalf  of  the  Municipal  Authorities  of  the 
City  of  Boston,  to  attend  the  ))ro])Osed  celebration  on  Wednesday,  the 
17th  inst.,  commemorative  of  the  iinal  completion  of  the  great  lines  of 
Kailroads,  which  connect  the  Canadas  and  the  Great  West  with  the 
tide  water  at  Boston,  and  the  establishment  of  American  lines  of 
steamers  between  that  city  and  Liverpool. 

1  regret,  extremely,  that  circumstances  do  not  permit  mo  to  avail 
myself  of  the  gratifying  invitation  to  visit  your  city,  and  the  obliging 
tender  of  hospitality  that  accompanied  it. 


5,  1851. 

ress  to   the 
f  the  lionor 
I  inst. 
)UBiness  will 


ecticut.] 

15,  1851. 

reception  of 
rities  of  the 
I  of  the  coin- 
Canadas  and 
establishment 
•erpool. 
as  will  not 
compelled  to 
ng  in  the  fes- 
ises  so  inter- 
cannot  fail  to 
well'are  and 
vantageously 

^our  obliged 

Baldwin'. 

nittee  of  the 


icj 

11,  1851. 
your  I'avor  of 
)rities  of  the 
3dnosday,  the 
great  lines  of 
Vest  with  the 
ican  lines  of 

1110   to  avail 
1  the  obliging 


211 


The  age  in  which  we  live  is  emphatically  one  of  enterprise  and 
progress  ;  and  he  who  docs  not  rejoice  in  the  coiisiunmation  of  these 
great  works  of  improvement,  is  unworthy  to  enjoy  the  incaleuhiljlo 
benefits  resulting  therefrom. 

I  am,  Sir,  with  great  respect, 

\our  obedient  servant, 

CULLEN    SaWTKLLK. 

Hon.  John  P.  Bigelow,  Mayor  of  Boston. 


[From  the  Hon.  the  Speaker  of  tlie  Lcfrislativc  Assembly,  Canada.] 

MONTRKAL,    SkI'T.    10,    1851. 

Sir  : — It  would  have  been  a  great  pleasure  for  me  to  be  able  to  par- 
take in  the  proffered  hospitalities  of  the  City  of  Boston  on  the  17th 
instant,  and  following  days.  The  fatignes  of  the  late  protracted  se.e- 
sion  of  our  Legislature,  and  some  unavoidable  business  conseipient 
thereto,  now  put  it  out  of  my  power  to  be  present.  In  expressing  to 
you  my  regret,  and  my  high  appreciation  of  the  invitation  with  which 
I  have  been  honored,  I  beg  to  subscribe  myself,  Sir, 

With  great  respect. 

Your  obedient  humble  servant, 

A.  N.  MoRiN, 
Daniel  N.  Haskell,  Esq.,  Secretary,  «S:c.,  &c. 


[From  the  Hon.  P.  B.  Tic  Blaquiorc,  Member  of  tlie  Legislative  Council,  and 
Cliancellor  of  tlie  University  of  Toronto.] 

WooDLAXDs,  Woodstock, 
Upper  Canada,  Aug.  29,  1851. 

Sir  : — I  beg  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  letter,  conveying  an 
invitation  from  His  Worship  the  Mayor,  and  citizens  of  Boston,  to  a 
dinner  in  celebration  of  the  opening  of  a  railway  communication 
between  that  city  and  the  British  North  American  Provinces  and 
Canada,  and  I  deeply  regret  that  bodily  infirmity  alone  prevents  my 
availing  myself  of  the  honor  of  being  present,  on  an  occasion  so  emi- 
nently gratifying  to  every  one  who  desires  the  advancement  of  the 
great  interests  which  are  so  well  calculated  to  promote  the  prosperity 
of  the  United  States  and  of  Great  Britain,  in  harmonious  co-operation. 

Be  assured,  Sir,  that  altiiough  I  cannot  in  person  attend,  as  I  wish 
to  do,  there  is  not  an  individual  amongst  those  who  will  enjoy  this 
honor,  more  sincere  in  their  expressions  of  cordial  approbation  of  the 
auspicious  event  which  has  called  forth  the  hos])itable  invitation  of  the 
Mayor  and  citizens  of  Boston. 

I  have  the  honor  to  lie,  Sir, 

Your  very  obedient  servant, 

P.  B.  Di:  Blaquikue. 

Daniel  N.  Haskell,  Scc'y,  &c. 


i!lfl 


212 


[From  the  Hon.  John  Bazal^ettc,  Lieut.  Colonel  and  Administrator  of  the  Gov- 
ernment of  Nova  Scotia.] 

GOVKIINMKNT  IIOUSE, 

Halifax,  N.  S.,  Sei't.  9,  1851. 

Dear  Sir  : — I  have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your 
kind  letter,  conveying  to  me  the  invitation  of  the  ]M:iniclj)al  Authori- 
ties of  Boston,  to  partake  of  the  proposed  commemorative  festivitie" 
to  take  place  in  that  city  on  Wednesday,  the  17th  instant,  and  have, 
in  reply,  to  express  my  sincere  and  deep  regret  that  circumstances 
imperatively  prevent  my  availing  myself  of  their  kindness,  and  the 
participation  in  celebrating  so  important  an  undertaking. 
I  have  the  honor  to  be,  Sir, 

Your  most  obedient  humble  servant, 

John  Bazalgette. 
To  Daniel  N.  Haskell,  Esq. 


[From  the  Hon.  Wm.  H.  Draper,  Judge  of  Court  of  Queen's  Bench.] 
Toronto,  Upper  Canada,  Sept.  8,  1851. 

Sir: — I  am  honored  by  your  letter,  received  on  Saturday  last, 
inviting  me  to  join  in  the  proposed  commemorative  festivities  in  Bos- 
ton, on  Wednesday,  the  17th  of  this  month. 

My  judicial  duties  make  my  presence  necessary  at  Goderich,  on 
Lake  Huron,  on  the  23rd  of  September,  and  render  it  therefore  impos- 
sible for  me  to  avail  myself  of  your  polite  invitation.  I  must  there- 
fore content  myself  with  this  mode  of  expressing  my  sii:cere  congratu- 
lations on  the  event  which  has  called  forth  these  iestivitie-s,  and  my 
very  warm  hopes  that  the  fullest  measure  of  success  may  follow  the 
completion  of  so  magnificent  an  undertaking  as  the  connection  of  the 
tide  water  at  Boston  with  the  Canadas  and  the  boundless  West,  by 
the  means  of  railways  now  opened. 

I  have  the  honor  to  subscribe  myself,  Sir, 

Your  very  obedient  servant, 

Wm.  H.  Draper. 

Daniel  N.  Haskell,  Esq.,  &c.,  «S:c.,  &c. 


[From  the  Hon.  R.  E.  Burns,  Judge  of  Court  of  Queen's  Bench,  C.  W.) 

Toronto,  Sept.  9,  1851. 

Sir: — I  have  duly  received  the  kind  invitation  of  the  Municipal 
Authorities  of  the  City  of  Boston,  to  be  present  at  the  festivities  pro- 
posed to  take  place  on  the  17th  inst.,  but  owing  to  indispensable  jiuli- 
cial  duties,  to  be  performed  here  on  the  same  day,  cannot  avail  myself 
of  the  honor  intended. 

I  have  taken  a  lively  interest  in  the  promotion  of  communication  by 
railways,  and  am  fully  sensible  of  the  great  advantages  Avhich  tlie 
completion   of  your  roads,  connecting  our  great  waters  with  the  seii- 


213 


p  of  the  Gov- 

JSE, 

9,  1851. 

iipt  of  your 
)al  Autliori- 
'e  festivities 
,  and  have, 
rcumslances 
ss,  and  the 


board,  throufrh  your  portion  of  this  continent,  will  be,  not  only  to  you, 
but  also  to  the  Canadas. 

My  best  wishes  are,  that  the  bri<]fht  anticipations  which  your  city 
holds  out  for  the  future  trade,  increasing  through  all  this  country,  may 
be  as  truly  realized,  as  I  am  sure  your  hospitalities  will  be,  on  the 
17th  inst. 

With  the  greatest  respect  to  the  Mayoi,  and  the  other  members  of 
tlie  Committee,  I  subscribe  myself 

Your  obedient  servant, 

RoBEiiT  E.  Burns. 

P.  N.  Haskell,  Esq.,  Secretary,  &c.,  &c. 


vant, 

A.LGETTE. 


i  Bcncli.] 

:.  8,  1851. 

aturday  last, 
aties  in  Bos- 

Goderich,  on 

refore  impos- 

i  must  there- 

e  conjiratu- 

les,  and  my 

!vy  follow  the 

ction  of  the 

s  "West,  by 


uit, 

DuArETJ. 


ch,  C.  W.] 

9,  1851. 

Municipal 

jstivities  pro- 

ensuble  juili- 

avail  myself 

lunication  by 
s  which  the 
with  the  sea- 


[From  the  Governor  of  tlie  Hudson's  Bay  Company.] 
Sir  George  Simpson  presents  his  compliments  to  His  Honor   the 
M.ayor  and  the  Corporation  of  Boston,  and  regrets  to  state  that  severe 
indisposition  in  his  family  will  prevent  his  having  the  honor  of  bising 
present  at  the   Railroad  Festival,  to  be  held  in  Boston  on  the  17th, 
18lh  and  19th  instant,  agreeably  to  their  kind  invitation. 
Hudson  Bay  House, 
Lachine,  Canada  East,  Sept.  15,  1851. 


Halifax,  N.  S.,  Sept.  13,  1851. 

My  Deak  SiK  : — I  beg  you  will  convey  to  His  Honor  the  Mayor, 
and  the  City  Authorities  of  Boston,  my  most  grateful  thanks  for  their 
polite  invitation  to  the  railroad  celebration  of  the  17th  inst.,  as  well  as 
the  assurance  of  my  deep  regret  that  private  arrangements  will  pre- 
vent my  attendance  on  that  occasion.  Permit  me  also  to  add,  that 
though  unavoidably  absent,  my  feelings  and  best  wishes  will  be  witii 
you — for  I  iully  anticipate  that  your  celebration  will  be  of  a  charact(U" 
corresponding  to  the  higli  re[)utation  so  fairly  earned  by  the  public 
spirit  and  enterprise  of  the  citizens  of  Boston. 

As  you  will  have  many  of  my  iellow-countrymon  present  with  you 
on  this  occasion,  I  trust  they  will  be  so  far  animated  and  inspired  by 
the  noble  example  you  have  set  before  them,  and  the  substanliul 
proofs  that  will  be  exhibited  of  the  universal  benefit  of  such  eiUer- 
prise.s,  as  to  decide  them,  on  their  return,  to  cast  all  doubts  and  hesi- 
tation to  the  winds,  and  apply  their  utmo-t  energies  towards  the 
accomplishment  of  those  magnifiL'ent  projects  which  now  occupy  the 
public  mind,  both  British  and  Colonial — having  lor  llieir  object  the 
uniting  of  these  Provinces  by  the  same  iron  band,  and  elevating  them 
to  a  higher  position  of  national  rank  and  influence. 

I  must  visit  Canada  next  month,  and  shall  avail  myself,  in  passing 
through  Boston,  of  the  pleasure  of  paying  my  personal  respects  both 
to  yourself  and  His  Honor  the  Mayor,  with  whom  I  have  the  pleasure 
of  being  acquainted. 

I  am,  Sir,  with  much  respect,  yours  very  truly, 

.TonN  E.  Fairhanks. 


f  • 


'  ^ii 


214 


[From  the  lion.  P.  B.  de  Boucherville,  M.  L.  C.J 

BouciiF.nviLLE,  L.  C,  Aug.  22, 1851. 

Sir  :  I  regret  that  old  age  and  infirmities  Avill  prevent  my  having 
the  honor  to  attend  to  the  great  commemorative  festivities  in  Boston, 
on  tlie  17th  day  of  September  next. 

If  the  United  States  are  yet  susceptible  of  aggrandisement,  Boston, 
as  heretofore,  Avill  stand  in  the  advance ;  and,  I  ask,  who  is  the  man, 
within  the  New  England  States,  who  will  not  be  proud  to  be  a  Bos- 
tonian. 

I  hope  that  the  great  facility  of  communication  between  Canada 
and  the  United  States,  will  forever  cement  that  good  understanding 
which  should  exist  between  neighbors,  and  prepare  us,  Canadians,  for 
future  events. 

Wishing  all  sorts  of  prosperity  to  the  Bostonians  and  their  Municipal 
Authorities, 

I  have  the  honor  to  be,  Sir, 

Your  very  obedient  servant, 

PiEuuE  Boucher  de  Boucherville. 

Daniel  N.  Haskell,  Esq.,  Boston. 


[From  the  Hon.  Leslie  Combs  of  Kentucky.] 

Albany,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  20, 1851. 

My  Dear  Sir  : — Hurried,  as  I  was,  from  scene  to  scene  of  your 
magnificent  three  days'  festival,  I  had  no  time  to  express  my  personal 
thanks  to  you  for  your  kindness  and  attention,  and  therefore  seize  the 
oj)portunity  afforded  by  this  first  resting  place  on  my  way  home,  to 
address  you  a  note  of  grateful  acknowledgment. 

In  your  address  to  the  guests  assembled  at  the  great  feast  yesterday 
afternoon,  you  specially  greeted  the  residents  upon  the  Otta'va,  tlie 
Ciiaudicre  and  tlie  St.  John's — upon  the  Hudson,  the  Connecticut  and 
the  Potomac,  as  well  as  those  hailing  from  the  shores  of  the  Great 
Lakes. 

Had  an  occasion  offered,  an  humble  private  citizen  of  the  West — a 
native  son  of  old  Kentucky,  Avould  have  told  you,  that  the  inhabitants 
of  that  miglity  valley  watered  by  the  great  Father  of  Rivers,  wliose 
liundred  heads  are  in  those  same  vast  inland  seas  to  which  you  so  ap- 
propriatoly  alluded — whose  Briarean  arms  grasp  the  AUeghanies  in 
the  East,  while  they  reach  out  to  the  far  distant,  cloud-capped  Rocky 
ISIountaiiis  in  the  West — whose  rolling  waters  throw  themselves  across 
the  continent  into  the  Gulf  of  Mexico — rejoiced  as  heartily  as  did 
any  persons  present,  in  the  enterprise,  energy  and  success  of  the  good 
city  of  Boston  and  the  "  Old  Bay  State,"  in  commencing  and  com- 
pleting their  magnificent  and  costly  system  of  Railroads. 

He  would,  at  the  same  time,  in  justice  to  Kentucicy,  have  mod- 
ePtly  suggested,  that  when,  as  well  as  he  remembered,  there  was  not  a 
mile  of  Uailroad  on  the  continent  of  Europe,  and  but  one  great  work 
of  the  kind  in  England,  and  one  ill-constructed  one,  some  four  or  five 


21.0 


miles  long,  in  all  New  Englanrl,  that  distant,  young,  interior  State  had 
chartered  and  commenced  a  Railroad  from  her  agricultural  centre  to 
her  capital,  in  the  direction  to  her  principal  seaport ;  and  that  while 
Boston  in  Massachusetts  and  Montreal  in  Canada  had  become  united 
by  this  magnilicent  mode  of  internal  improvement,  Kentucky  and  her 
sister  States,  West  and  South,  were  constructing  a  great  trunk  with 
many  branches,  to  connect  indissolubly  the  Southern  Atlantic  and 
Gulf  of  Mexico  with  the  Northern  Lakes,  and  at  the  same  time  were 
making  others,  hundreds  of  miles  long,  to  unite  the  fertile,  grain- 
growing  and  stock-raising  States,  as  well  as  the  "  broad,  untouched 
prairies  and  boundless  forests,"  referred  to  so  aptly  by  the  eUxiuent 
Governor  General  of  Canada,  with  the  manufacturing  and  commercial 
States  of  the  East ;  so  that,  hereafter,  the  iron  bands  of  commerce  and 
social  intercourse  might  bind  together  more  firmly  those  sections  far 
distant  from  each  other — heretofore  only  united  by  the  chain  of  polit- 
ical sympathy. 

These  mighty  works  being  finished,  as  well  might  we  expect  the 
solid  foundations  of  the  earth  to  be  upturned,  or  its  adamantine  crust 
burst  asunder,  by  the  petty  rumblings  of  Hecla  or  Vesuvius,  as  that 
our  glorious  Union  would  be  rent  in  twain  by  any  sectional  excite- 
ment. 

But,  Sir,  I  pray  you  to  pardon  me  for  extending  this  note  much 
more  than  I  intended,  and  I  will  close  it  with  the  assurance  that  it 
will,  at  all  times,  give  me  great  pleasure  to  r  ^iprocate,  in  my  poor 
way,  the  courtesies  received  at  your  hands. 

Very  truly,  your  most  ob't  serv't, 
Leslie  Comus. 

To  His  Honor, 

Mr.  Bigelow,  Mayor  of  Boston. 


f\ 


2l(> 


MEETING   OF  CANADIANS. 


[llEFEUnED  TO   ON   PAGE    192.] 

At  a  meeting  of  the  citizens  of  Canada,  Avho  have  availed  them- 
selves of  the  invitation  of  tlie  Civic  Authorities  of  Boston  to  attend 
the  Kailroad  Festival,  which  took  place  on  the  17th,  18tli,  and  lOtli 
instant,  held  at  the  Revere  House  last  evening,  the  Hon.  Mr.  Justice 
Aylwin  was  called  to  the  chair,  and  John  Rose,  Estj..  requested  to 
act  as  Secretary. 

It  was  then  moved  by  the  Hon.  W.  B.  Robinson,  M.  P.  P.,  of  To- 
ronto,  and  seconded  by  the  Hon.  John  Molson,  of  Montreal,  and 
resolved  unanimously,  that  a  Committee  be  named  to  draft  an  address 
exjjressive  of  our  gratitude,  and  the  high  estimation  entertained  by 
this  meeting,  and  the  inhabitants  of  Canada,  of  the  kind  and  generous 
hospitalities  extended  to  them  by  the  Municipal  Authorities  and  citi- 
zens of  Boston ;  and  that  the  following  gentlemen  be  named  a  Com- 
mittee forthwith  to  prepare  such  address: — 

The  Hon.  Mr.  Justice  Aylwin,  the  Hon.  Mr.  .Justice  Day,  and 
the  Hon.  Mr.  Justice  Mondelet,  of  Montreal ;  Sir  Allan  N.  McNab, 
M.  P.  P. ;  T.  Kirkpatrick,  Esq.,  of  Kingston ;  the  Hon.  Samuel 
Crane,  and  A.  Jones,  Esq.,  of  Prescott ;  Capt.  Wainwright,  of  Caril- 
lon ;  John  Rose,  Esq.,  of  Montreal ;  N.  F.  Belleau,  Esq.,  of  Quebec ; 
P.  Leclerc,  Esq.,  of  St.  Hyacinthe ;  A  Leframboise,  P^S(j.,  of  Heca- 
hily;  Col.  Gugy,  M.  P.  P.;  W.  A.  Chaffers,  Esq,,  of  St.  Cesaire ; 
N."^  Dumas,  Esq.,  M.  P.  P.,  and  Benj.  Holmes,  Esq.,  M.  P.  P.,  of 
]Montreal ;  A.  Merrick,  Esq.,  of  Merrickville ;  Jos.  Aumond,  Esq., 
of  Bytown ;  John  Bruneau,  Esq.,  B.  Brewster,  Esq.,  and  Harrison 
Stephens,  Esq.,  of  Montreal ;  Hon.  J.  JIO.  Irving,  of  Toronto ;  James 
Coleman,  Esq.,  of  Dundas ;  George  Rykert,  Esq.,  and  W.  Merritt, 
Esq.,  of  St.  Catherine's ;  Captain  C.  Sweeney,  of  Montreal ;  James 
Little,  Esq.,  of  Caledonia ;  James  Hodgert  Guelph,  Esq.,  and  the 
Hon.  P.  H.  Moore,  of  Stanstead  ;  George  Crawford,  Esq.,  of  Brock- 
ville ;  Mr.  Sherifl"  Corbett,  of  Kingston ;  Mr.  Sherifi"  Boston,  of 
Montreal ;  Mr.  Sheriff  Smith,  of  Barrie ;  Mr.  Sheriff  Thomas,  of 
Hamilton ;  J.  B.  Ewart,  Esq.,  of  Dundas  ;  F.  M.  Hill,  Esq.,  Mayor 
of  Kingston  ;  J.  G.  Bowes,  Esq.,  Mayor  of  Toronto  ;  F.  R.  Angers, 
Esq.,  of  Quebec;  James  M.  Ferris,  Es(}.,  of  ]\Iontreal ;  the  lion. 
AV.  H.  Boulton,  M.  P.  P.,  of  Toronto ;  Dunbar  Ross,  Esq.,  M.  P.  P., 
of  Quebec ;  John  Egan,  Esq.,  M.  P.  P.,  of  Aylmer ;  D.  E.  Boulton, 
Es(i.,  of  Cobourg;  Judge  Boswell,  of  Cobourg ;  Wm.  Weller,  Esq., 
Mayor  of  Cobourg ;  J.  C.  Morrison,  Esq.,  M.  P.  P.,  of  Toronto ; 
James  Shaw,  Esq.,  of  Smiths'  Falls ;  Alexander  McLean,  Es(i.,  M. 
P.  P.,  of  Cornwall ;  James  Cotton,  Esq.,  of  Toronto  ;  Henry  Smith, 
Esq.,  M.  P.  P.,  of  Kingston;  Allan  McTjoan,  K«q.,  of  Kincetnn; 
R.  11.  Sirowbritlge,  E^([.,  of  Brantford  ;  Col.  Horn,  •2(»lh  Reg. ;  Cnpt. 
RadclilVe,  do. ;  Capt.  Marjory,  54th  Reg. ;  Capt.  Conner,  6Gth  Reg.; 
C.  S.  Monck,  Esq.,  of  Montreal ;  Capt.  the  Hon  H.  F.  Kean,  Royal 


217 


lilcd  tliem- 
1  to  attend 
,  and  19th 
Vlr.  Justice 
equesled  to 

P.,  of  To- 
)ntreal,  and 
i  an  address 
;rtained  by 
ul  generous 
ies  and  citi- 
ned  a  Com- 

e  Day,  and 
N.  McNab, 
on.   Samuel 
it,  of  Caril- 
of  Quebec ; 
J.,  of  Heca- 
st.  Cesaire ; 
^I.  P.  P.,  of 
nond,   Esq., 
id  Harrison 
nto ;  James 
^.  Merritt, 
•eal;  James 
?q.,  and  the 
.,  of  Brock- 
Boston,  of 
Thomas,  of 
i^sq.,  Mayor 
R.  Angers, 
;  the  lion. 
.,  M.  P.  P., 
E.  Boulton, 
"eller,  Esq., 
>f  Toronto; 
1,  Es(i.,  M. 
enry  Hniith, 
Kinpf^ton  ; 
leir. :  Cnpt. 
6Gth  Reg. ; 
ean,  Royal 


Engineers;  Capt.  Newton,  Royal  ArtiUcry;  Dr.  IMMithind,  Royal 
Canadian  Rilics  ;  Robert  Speiicc,  Esq.,  ^Va^(h'n  of  'Wcntwoi'th  and 
lluiton;  S.  Morrill,  E.-ij.,  Mavor  of  London,  C.  W. ;  F.  C.  Lcnictix, 
E.>(i.,  .M.  P.  P.,  Capt.  Alleyn',  R.  N..  II.  J.  Noad,  Es(i.,  and  Tiiomas 
C.Lee,  Esq.,  of  (^nel)ec;  Duncan  ]\IeEarhind,  Es(j.,  ]M.  P.P.  for 
the  County  of  Welland  ;  Augustus  Howard,  Es(p,  of  Montreal. 

It  \Vi\A  then  moved  by  W.  K.  McCord,  Es(|.,  of  (Quebec,  seconded 
by  Captain  Wainwriglit,  of  Carillon,  that  this  meeting  do  adjourn, 
for  the  space  of  one  liour,  to  enable  the  Committee  to  prepare  the 
draft  of  an  address,  and  again  meet  at  the  same  place. 

The  meeting  having  re-assembled,  the  following  address*  was  re- 
ported by  the  Hon.  W.  B.  Robinson,  on  the  part  of  the  Comniitte<i ; 
and,  on  motion  of  Joseph  Alfred  O.  Turgeon,  Esij.,  seconded  by  John 
Yule,  Esq.,  of  Chanibly,  was  unanimously  adopted- 
It  was  then  movv.d  by  Benjamin  Holmes,  Es(|.,  M.  P.  P.,  seconded 
by  "William  11.  Boulton,  Esq.,  M.  P.  P.,  that  the  address  now  adopted  be 
signed  by  the  Chairman  and  Secretary,  on  behalf  of  the  meeting ; 
and  that  the  same  be  presented  by  Sir  Allan  MeNab,  th:?  Hon.  Mr. 
Justice  Aylwin,  B.  Holmes,  Esq.,  M,  P.  P.,  the  Hon.  W.  B.  Robin- 
son, the  lion.  Mr.  Justice  Day,  Dunbar  Ross,  Esq.,  M.  P.  P.,  Wil- 
liam II.  Boulton,  Esq.,  M.  P.  P.,  and  such  other  inhabitants  of 
Canada  as  may  remain  in  this  City, — and  that  public  notice  of  the 
same  be  given. 

It  was  then  moved  by  the  Hon.  W.  B.  Robinson,  and  seconded  by- 
George  Crawford,  Esq.,  of  Brockville,  that  the  Chairman  do  leave 
the  Chair,  and  that  W.  II.  Boulton,  Es([.  be  called  thereto  :  which 
being  carried,  it  was  moved  by  Benj.  Brewster,  Esq.,  and  seconded 
by  W.  B.  Robinson,  Esq.,  that  the  thanks  of  the  meeting  are  due  to 
the  Hon.  Mr.  Justice  Aylwin,  as  Chairman,  and  to  John  Rose,  Esq., 
as  Secretary,  for  their  able  and  ^.fficient  conduct. 

*  For  the  addre.ss,  sco  jinpo  1 92. 


S8 


!  :  '\:  )  U 


ill 


Ife 


21H 


rilOCKEDINGS  OF  THE  CITY  OF  MONTREAL. 

The  following  are  extracts  from  an  addresss  of  tluj  Corporation  of 
Montreal,  delivered  in  that  city  to  the  Governor  General,  Sept.  22, 
1851,  and  from  his  answer,  referred  to  at  page  191. 

From  the  address : — "  We  witnessed  with  feelings  of  proud  and 
grateful  satisfaction,  the  dignified  and  able  bearing  of  your  Excellency 
at  the  late  immense  assemblage  in  IJoston  of  the  most  dislinguislK  d 
statesmen  of  the  American  Union  and  adjoining  Provinces.  And  wc 
beg  to  offer  to  your  Excellency  our  acknowledgments  and  thanks  for 
your  effective  and  eloquent  representation  of  our  country  on  that 
interesting  occasion.  We  beg  leave,  also,  to  express  our  sensio  of  the 
deep  obligations  we  owe  to  the  authorities  and  citizens  of  Boston  for 
their  cordial  reception  and  most  ho?pitable  entertainment  of  your 
Excellency,  and  the  citizens  of  Canada,  and  the  gratification  afforded 
us  by  their  enthusiastic  manifestations  of  respect  for  your  Excellency, 
as  Governor  General  of  British  North  America." 

From  Lord  Elgin's  answer : — "  It  has  greatly  enhanced  the  pleas- 
ure which  I  have  derived  from  my  visit  to  our  hospitable  neighbors, 
that  I  should  have  been  able,  on  my  return,  in  comj)liance  with  your 
invitation,  to  accompany  you  to  this  place.  I  think,  indeed,  that  we 
should  be  justly  chargeable  with  ingratitude,  if  we  were  not  prepared 
to  acknowledge,  most  warmly,  our  sense  of  the  kindness  which  we  ex- 
perienced while  in  Boston.  In  parting  from  the  Mayor  of  that  city 
on  Saturday  morning,  in  the  railway  cars,  to  which  he  had  obligingly 
conducted  me,  I  made  an  observation  to  him  which  I  fear  he  hardly 
caught,  and  wh'ch  I  am  glad  to  have  an  o|)portunity  of  repeating  now, 
as  1  am  confident  it  will  meet  your  approval.  I  begged  him  to  re- 
member for  himself,  and  to  remind  his  fellow-citizens,  that  the  ad- 
mirable railways  which  had  brought  Canada  so  near  to  Boston,  ami 
rendered  it  so  easy  for  Canadians  to  go  thither,  had  had  a  like  effect 
in  bringing  Boston  near  to  Canada,  and  making  it  easy  for  Bostoniaiis 
to  come  to  us  ;  and  I  ventured  to  express  the  hope,  that  if  he  and  liis 
friends  made  the  trial,  they  Avould  fir.d  the  excellent  virtue  of  hospi- 
tality included  among  the  many  virtues,  practised  by  the  citizens  of 
Boston,  which  we  are  glad  to  imitate.'' 


21!) 


LEAL. 

porut'iDn  of 
il,  Sept.  2-.>, 

proud  nnd 
Excellency 
istingui.sheil 
i.     And  wc 

tlmnks  for 
try  on  that 
sense  of  tli(! 

Boston  ior 
Mit  of  your 
ion  afforded 
Excellency, 


id  the  pleas- 
0  neighbors, 
:;e  with  your 
eed,  that  we 
lot  prepared 
rhich  we  ex- 
of  tiiat  eity 
id  obligingly 
he  hardly 
>eating  now, 
lini  to  re- 
al the  ad- 
lioston,  and 
a  like  eifect 
IJostonians 
f  liii  anil  his 
e  of  hospi- 
e  citi/ens  of 


THE  GOLDEN  RING. 

Ill  the  lioston  Daily  Advertiser  of  November  29,  IH-Ol,  appeared 
under  the  above  liead,  an  interesting  communieation,  from  which  the 
following  passages  are  extracted : — 

The  historical  allusion  to  the  espousal  of  Venice  to  the  sea,  intro- 
duced by  His  Honor,  the  Mayor,  in  his  speech  at  the  I'eceptioii  of 
Lord  Elgin,  seems  not  to  be  generally  understood.  An  inttdligcnt 
old  gentleman,  formerly  one  of  the  City  Fathers,  but  now  living 
in  the  quiet  retirement  of  the  country,  writes  thus  to  a  friend  now 
residing  in  the  City.  "I  have  read  with  great  interest  the  mi- 
nute descriptions,  given  in  the  newspapers  of  your  Railroad  Cele- 
bration. It  was,  indeed,  a  proud  display  for  old  Boston,  and  will  be 
Landed  down  to  posterity,  side  by  side,  with  the  Boston  Tea  Party. 

I  have  been  much  puzzled  to  find  out  what  he  [the  Mayor]  meant 
by  his  allusion  to  'the  Golden  King.'  Will  you  be  so  kind  as  to 
favor  me  with  some  explanation  of  this  at  your  earliest  leisure?" 

It  is  presumed  that  the  old  gentleman,  who  wrote  this  letter,  is  not 
the  only  one,  who  has  been  somewhat  "puzzled"  to  understand  fully 
the  allusion  to  a  festival,  whose  origin  belongs  rather  to  the  romance, 
than  to  the  realities  of  history. 

The  story  is  thus  told,  with  various  embellishments,  by  the  histo- 
rians of  the  twelfth  century. 

In  1150,  Alexander  III.,  was  called  to  the  papal  chair.  He 
reigned  till  1181,  struggling  with  various  fortune  and  undaunted 
courage  against  the  antipopes,  Victor  III.,  Paschal  III.,  and  Calixtus 
III.,  who  were  contending  for  the  pontifical  throne,  and  against  his 
more  formidable  enemy,  the  powerful  Frederic  I.,  Emperor  of  Ger- 
many. 

About  1177,  when  the  anathemas  of  Frederic  were  law  throughout 
all  Italy,  as  well  as  Germany,  the  persecuted  Pope,  "interdicted  from 
fire  and  water,"  was  obliged  to  flee  from  the  continent.  To  Venice 
alone  could  he  look  for  a  refuge ;  and  thither  he  secretly  turnc^d  his 
steps.  Ziani  was  then  Doge,  the  chief  officer  of  Venice.  He  re- 
ceived the  exiled  Pope  with  the  profoundest  respect  and  tenderest 
sympathy,  and  immediately  demanded  of  Frederic  an  acknowledg- 
ment of  his  claims  to  the  papal  throne.  Frederic  hurried  the  Vene- 
tian messenger  home  with  tlie  haughty  reply,  "  Tell  your  master  to 
deliver  to  me  the  miserable  Alexander,  in  chains,  or  I  will  plant  my 
eagles  on  the  gates  of  St.  Marks,  and  leave  but  a  pile  of  ruins,  where 
now  stands  the  proud  city  of  the  presumptuous  Ziani !  "  The  trump 
of  war  was  sounded  at  once.  Although  th<i  Venetian  fleet  numbered 
only  half  as  many  vessels  as  that  of  I^-ederic,  Ziani  boldly  set  sail, 
trusting  in  the  virtue  of  the  pontifical  blessing,  and  not  less,  perhaps, 


iA 


220 


iM  tliii  f^ood  sword,  Milli  wliicli  tli(!  vicc/oroiit  of  (lo»l  coiitlcspfmled  t( 
gird  iiiin. 


lit 


Iciivcii  .'(('(itncd  propitioiH  to  llu!  t'mis(t  ol'  the  holy  I'athc!!',  lor  it 
Hciit  lavoriiiv' winds  to  Ziaid.  Xcrvcd  liy  tlio  coiiscioiisiK'ss  thai  not 
otdy  the  I'ati!  of  liic  vciiiTalcil  I'opc,  hut  also  llial  of  tiieir  wives  and 
children,  their  lionies,  thiiir  hidovcd  city  was  at  slake,  the  Venetians 
iin)tatienlly  awaited  tin?  sij^nal  fur  attack.  It  was  <^iveii.  Speeihn^f 
ahinj;  oil  tlu!  wiii;j;s  of  tiic  wind  tiiey  rn.Oied  upon  tiadr  a>tonnded 
foes  witli  rcsisth'ss  power,  and,  alter  ii  sliort  but  desperate  coiillici, 
tlie  (;oniiMan(U!r,  Frederic's  sou  Olho,  was  j,dad  to  sue  for  peace  hy  tin; 
8urrend«'r  of  himself,  his  men,  and  the  remnants  of  his  hhattered  Heel. 
Ziani  turned  towards  home  with  his  prisoners.  As  he  proudly  swept 
Uf)  the  Adriatic,  the  captive  ilcet  foUowing  sadly  in  ids  train,  tlie 
strains  of  triumphal  music,  and  the  prolonged  and  hearty  shouts  of 
his  victorious  sailors,  rising  over  the  waters,  the  whole  city,  old  and 
yoini}^  with  throbbiiif;  hearts,  crowded  throuj:;h  the  <;alea  to  the  shore 
id  Jiido,  to  wtdeoine  home  with  tears  of  Joy  and  heartfelt  thanksj;ivin^s 
the  noble  defenders  of  Venice.  Alexander,  too,  hastened  to  acknowl- 
edge his  obligations  to  Ziani,  and  to  render  the,  grateful  homage  of 
un  overilowing  heart  to  Him,  whose  blessing  he  had  invoked  in  IImj 
enterprise.  As  Ziani  stepped  from  his  boat,  the  Pope  presented  him 
Avilh  a  golden  ring,  saying,  "Take  this  ring,  and  with  it  take,  on  my 
authority,  the  sea  as  your  subject.  Every  year,  on  the  return  of  this 
liappy  day,  you  and  your  succe.  .ors  shall  make  known  to  all  posterity, 
that  the  right  of  conipiest  has  subjugated  the  Adriatic  to  Ve.uice,  as  a 
t?!'  use  to  lier  husband  !  " 

The  defeated  and  mortified  Frederic  was  glad  to  accede  to  any 
temi:;,  which  the  Pope  and  Ziaid  might  be  pleased  to  dictate.  He 
■was  t-iimmoned  before  the  man,  the  soles  of  whose  weary  feet  he  had 
suti'ered  to  lind  no  resting  place  for  many  a  sorrowful  year  in  all  the 
length  and  breadth  of  Italy.  Tlie  hour  of  revenge  had  come.  Ar- 
rayed in  his  pontilical  robes,  Alexander  sat  on  his  lofty  throne.  All 
the  bitter  recollections  of  the  years,  that  were  past,  were  rankling  in 
liis  breast.  .Sternly  he  gazed  on  his  conquered  Ibe  for  u  moment ; 
and  thtni,  with  u  contemptuous  air,  pointed  to  his  footstool.  There 
was  no  alternative.  The  ))roud  emperor  bowed  himself  down ;  and, 
placing  his  neck  beneath  the  foot  of  his  hated  conqu(;ror,  swore  alle- 
giance to  Alexander  III.,  as  the  rightful  possessor  of  the  triple 
crown. 

For  the  long  course  of  more  than  six  hundred  years,  every  fresh 
return  of  the  Feast  of  Ascension  witnessed  the  renewal  of  the  joyous 
nuptials.  This  was  the  great  gala-day  of  Venice.  The  man  forgot 
his  toil,  the  woman  her  household,  the  child  his  sports,  and  all,  witli 
one  accord,  joined  in  celebrating  the  marriagt;  of  the  city  to  the  peer- 
less bride.  JNIass  having  been  solenmized  in  the  old  church  of  yaii 
Nicolo,  the  Doge  and  his  nobles,  arrayed  in  their  gorgeous  robes  of 
state,  embarked  in  the  liucentaur,  the  splendid  state  galley,  resplen- 
dent wi  h  ornaments  of  gold,  and  docked  with  the  richest  paintings, 
commemorative  of  the  triumph  of  Ziani,  and  the  iirst  nuptial  c(  renin- 
ny.  As  they  glided  along  the  sjjacioiis  canal,  they  were  everywhere 
greeted  with   waving   of   banners,  strains  of  music,  and  deafening 


*: 


jscfridcil  to 

lli(!r,  lor  ii 
ss  tliiil  not 
•  wives  and 
!  A'uiiLtiaiis 
Spccdiiifj 
astoiiii(lc(l 
itc  coiiilici, 
L'ace  by  llie 
lU'Vvd  licet. 
iLidly  .s',v(|)t 
>  train,  the 
y  slioiits  of 
ly,  old  and 
o  the  shore 
!inks<;iviiins 
to  ackaowl- 
hoiiia^xc  of 
>ked  ill  the 
;.«eiit('d  liiiii 
ake,  on  my 
turn  of  this 
ill  jjosterity, 
^'<!uiee,  as  ii 

ede  to  any 

ictate.     He 

I'eet  he  had 

ir  in  all  the 

eomc.     Ar- 

iione.     All 

rankling  in 

!i  moment ; 

jol.     There 

down  ;  and, 

swore  alle- 

tlie  triple 

every  fresh 
the  joyous 
man  forgot 
nd  all,  with 
to  the  peer- 
iroli  of  San 
JUS  robes  of 
ey,  resplen- 
t  paintings, 
tial  ceremo- 
evcrywherc 
.1   deafening 


2'2i 


shouts  from  the  crowded  windows  and  pinzzas  and  roofs,  and  from  the 
tlioiisands  of  richly  decorated  gondolas,  that  emulated  the  splendor  of 
tlu'  IJucentaur  itself.  Amidst  these  universal  demonstrations  of  ro 
joicing,  tlu'V  proceeded  to   Lido,  to  meet  tlie  waiting  liriile.     Th 


tl 


■re  hushed.     TIk!  noble  bride''room  arose,  and 


lonsands  ol  voices  were  nusned.  met  noDie  ryruiegro 
dropping  u  golden  ring  into  the  waters,  wethjed  tlu;  sea  with  this 
beautiful  greeting,  "  We  wed  thee  with  this  ring,  in  token  of  our  tnnj 
and  per[)elual  sov(!reignly  !  " 

Such  was  the  pageant,  and  such  its  origin.  It  was  W(dl  for  the 
people  of  Venice  on  every  returning  year  with  festivities  and  rejoicing 
to  celebrat(!  and  ren(!W  the  union  of  tin;  city  to  tiie  inunili(!ent  i>ride, 
wiio  had  won  for  it  its  richest  treasures  and  its  highest  glory — had 
[)oured  into  its  lap  the  choic(!st  luxuries  of  Oriental  wealth,  and  the 
countless  hoards  of  "barbaric  pearl  and  gold,"  and  encircled  its  brow 
with  the  proiul  diadem  oi'  *'  Queen  of  the  Seas." 

It  was  well,  too,  for  liS  and  our  welcome  guests  to  assemble  togeth- 
er to  ccdebrate  the  completion  of  those  bonds,  which,  though  of  iron, 
shall  join  us  in  the  indissoluble  union  of  friendship  and  love — a  union 
more  auspicious  of  glorious  results  than  that  of  Venice  and  her 
cherished  Sea, — a  union,  which  shall  not  ordy  advance  the  highest 
commercial  interests  of  the  parlies,  but  which  shall  heal  the  l)leeding 
wounds  so  long  kept  open  by  narrow  distrust  and  sectional  jealousies, 
those  fruits  of  mutual  misapprehension,  and  shall  make  tlu;  two  peo- 
ples, who  are  kindred  in  race  and  in  feeling,  forsake  and  forget  the 
animosities  of  the  past,  and  cleave  to  each  other  forever.  The  signifi- 
cance of  the  allusion  is  apparent. 


III 


1\ 


\l 


i  I 


'^1 


i 


;l„ 


2t>2 


O^.'EAN  HTEAM  SHIP  COMPANY  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


The  following  intercstinji  nrticlo  wna  prepared  for  the  Boston 
Coiirl(!r  Ity  a  pciitlfman  who  has  had  occasion,  Ironi  tin»«  to  time,  for 
8(!Vi'ral  years,  to  devote  no  inconsiderable  attention  to  tlici  rise,  pro- 
gress and  eU'ecls  of  railways,  and  of  steam  navipition  in  various  pcn-- 
(ions  of  the  country,  where  either  or  both  of  these  great  modes  of 
•conveyance  and  transportation,  have  been  established. 

Tin:  I'lusT  A.mkuican  Lines  of  Steamkijs  ruoM  I^oston  to 
TiiK  Old  WoitLi).  Five  and  twenty  years  have  elapsed  sinct;  tlial 
eminent  merchant,  the  lion.  TiiosiAS  II.  Pkkkins,  founded  in  Miw 
Kn^land,  the  first  railroad  ever  built  in  the  United  States.  Duiiiig 
that  term  of  time,  our  capitalists,  enterprising  and  leading  Uien,  have, 
devoted  large  portions  of  their  attention  and  means  to  the  construc- 
tion of  railways,  and  the  (Completion  of  the  I'ailway  system  among  us; 
their  expenditures  upon  and  in  connection  with  these  public  works, 
umountiug  within  Massachusetts  alone,  to  millions  of  dollars  per 
unrmin.  Indeed,  so  deeply  and  constantly  have  not  only  the  principal 
j)arties,  but  the  community  at  large,  been  absorbed  in  promoting  the 
extension  antl  success  of  this  great  and  growing,  though  comparatively 
new  mode  for  the  transportation  of  passengers  and  merchandise,  liiut 
they  appear  almost  to  have  ibigotten  another  means  of  transit  ami 
conveyance  of  the  very  lirst  magnitude,  and  without  the  promutiuu 
and  advancement  of  which,  it  can  hardly  be  possible  ultimately  to  main- 
tain ill  full  action  and  prosperit}/  the  railroads  themselves  or  their 
dependencies.  We  refer  esj)eeially  to  the  establishment  of  lines  of 
American  Steamers  between  lioston  and  foreign  nations.  The  steiini- 
shi[),  as  we  all  know,  is  iive  and  twenty  years  older  than  the  railway. 
For  half  a  century  or  more,  it  has  been  undergoing  a  series  of  trials 
and  progressive  improvements,  until  human  ingenuity  has  rendered  it 
60  extraordinary  in  size,  proportions,  aceomniodalions,  power  and 
speed,  that  it  no  longer  looks  upon  the  common  sailing  ship  as  its 
competitor ;  and,  although  old-fashioned  vessels  w  ill  probably  always 
be  used  more  or  less  in  certain  voyages  and  in  certain  ])laces ;  yd 
"for  despatch  and  quick  returns" — for  all  great  commercial  pur])o.'^es 
and  public  enterprises  over  the  sea,  the  time  is  at  hand  when  these 
old-fashioned  vessels  must  inevitably  yield  to  the  steamship  the  mas- 
tery of  the  ocean. 

These  "writings  upon  the  wall"  have  not  escaped  the  observation 
of  men  of  intelligence  and  forecast;  yet  with  these  things  staring  in 
their  faces,  and  pressing  every  <hiy  more  and  more  closely  upon  them, 
Avhat  has  been  done  in  lioston  or  all  Massachusetts  for  steam  navii'a- 


tion  ?     "We  have  built  railwi 


lys. 


vast  in   extent,  cost  and  numl)er. 


We  hav(.'  sent  forth  trunks  and  branches  in  all  dinu'l 


ions. 


We  hav. 


penetrated  the  interior  with  them — far  ofi",  and  on  every  side  : — pierc- 
hig  even  the  wilds  oi'  the  wilderness  with  the  scream  of  the  locomo- 


223 


GLAND. 

\(i  Boston 
I)  time,  tor 

rise,  |»ro- 
rious  por- 

uiodod  of 


OSTON   TO 

since  tliiit 
t'd  lit  New 
i.     Dui'liiy 
men,  havf. 
i  eonstruo 
iunoii;^  us ; 
blie  works, 
loUars   ]p('r 
e  priiicipiil 
rnotin;!  tlie 
iipanilivcly 
indise,  liiiit, 
ransit  ami 
proinutiou 
y  [o  main- 
s  or  tlu'ir 
of  lines  of 
The  steain- 
i(!  railway. 
s  of  trials 
eiulered  it 
)o\ver  and 
sliip  as  its 
l)ly  always 
laces ;  yet 
1  ])urpoHes 
vlien  these 
p  the  nias- 

)bsorvati()n 
staring  in 
ipon  them, 
ni  navifra- 
1  number. 
AVe  hav.; 
le : — pierc- 
le  locomo- 


tive. We  havft  rnnnneted  and  bound  them  tnsether,  nnd  onnernfrated 
all  the  prii.eipal  lin(  -<  witliin  our  own  tnetropolis,  and  made  the  city  of 
Uoston  (he  focus,  the  grand  centre  of  all  the  principal  radii  of  these 
immense  net-works  of  Iron.  I'nt  what  has  been  <loiii>  to  franspdrt 
over  (he  Atlantic,  lite  merchandise  and  people  which  ihesf  roads  are 
pouring  in  upon  ns,  or  an;  about  to  I)ring  into  this  city  from  the  towns 
on  their  borders  from  ilistant  places,  from  the  C'anadas  and  the  far 
West  ?  what  to  convey  to  these  our  girat  depots,  triniks  and  brahciics, 
thence  to  lie  <lisseminat"d  inland,  the  goods  and  passengers,  wailing 
and  urgent  to  be  brought  from  foreign  climes?  We  have  ilom; 
nothing.  '.\'(!  have  attemplcid  nothing.  Wo  hiwc  been  (lepending 
upon  common  wailing  vessels  Jo  ))erform  the  whole  work  of  the  water- 
tarrying-tradc!  and  business;  lo  bear  bitlnr  and  ihitln  r,  on  the  main, 
if  not  coastwise,  the  entin;  mass  of  our  fniglits — all  our  interchange- 
able commodities — imports  and  exports,  grown  and  manufiuitured — of 
every  si/.cf,  quality,  price  and  des(  ription.  We  are  ndying  upon  tht;  vrry 
same  vessels  now;  although  we  art!  well  aware  that  they  an;  but  the 
mere  sln;/e  coac/ies  of  the  ocean — bearing  no  mori;  relation  to  that 
niagnilicent  mechanism,  which  Fidton  created  to  be  ii  thiti;/  of  life 
upon  the  waves,  than  the  most  ordinary  one-horse-vehiel(!  does  to  tlio 
swift  and  powerful  locomotive  which  Evans  invented  for  the  land. 

We  have  not  constructed  within  our  own  borders  even  a  siiighi  sea 
going  steamer.  True,  our  English  friends  have  boldly  come  forward, 
established,  and  maintained,  a  noble  lino  of  steamers  between  Liver- 
pool and  IJostou.  liut  this  has  not  been  followed  up  by  lines  on  tho 
part  of  our  own  citizens;  and  all  the  mc.'rchants  in  the  capital  of  New 
England  have  not,  up  to  this  hour,  even  a  solitary  sea-going  steamer 
of  their  own  on  the  route  between  the  new  world  and  the  old.  Not 
one!  And  how  is  it,  that  among  the  j)eople  of  Massachusetts,  so  re- 
nowned for  their  enterprise,  industry,  and  ingenuity,  perseverance, 
activity,  advtnturousness  and  thrift, — how  is  it,  that  in  Boston,  where 
there  are  so  much  wealth  and  energy,  skill  and  tra.'lic,  so  nmny  rich- 
growing  traders,  manufacturers  and  mechanics  ;  where  the  leading 
bankers,  capitalists,  real-estate  owners,  railway  })roprietors,  ship-build- 
ers, and  others,  are  so  numerous  and  pro>perous  ;  having  their  sub- 
stantial, elegant,  and  costly  residences  in  the  city,  and  their  extensive, 
and  not  less  costly  and  beautiful  villas,  (Mjttages,  summer-house,-,  and 
gardens,  planted  in  vvcvy  watering-place,  and  dotting  all  the  country 
around ;  where  there  are  to  be  found  the  owners  of  somt^  of  the  finest 
farms  and  other  landed  estates,  factories  and  other  works,  and  sonw; 
of  the  best  dividend-j)aying  railroad  and  other  stocks,  in  a/most  ercri/ 
i)tatc  of  the  Union ;  where  the  inhabitants  possess  so  many,  aiul  such 
commodious  piers,  wharves,  shipyards,  and  warehouses,  and  one  of 
the  broadest  and  most  secure  harbors  in  North  America ; — how  is  it. 
that  among  such  a  money-seeking  and  money-making  race,  holding 
commercial  intercourse,  year  in  and  year  out,  with  nearly  every  nation 
under  the  sun,  and  ever  on  the  alert  for  new  things,  new  undertakings 
and  expenditures,  as  well  as  new  gains  and  acipiisition? — none  are  to 
be  found  engaged  in  steam  navigation  upon  the  high  seas, — that  Hos- 
tonians  have  not,  to  this  day,  one  line  of  steamers,  of  their  own,  from 
their  own  port  to  any  other  beyond  the  ocean  ?     Is  it  because  they 


'n 


iHj 


224 


are  ignorant  of  the  potency  of  steam?  of  the  superior  capnoity  or 
powers  of  the  steamboat?  or  of  tlie  ])rogress,  the  beneficial  elU'cts  of 
steamboat  building,  or  steam  navigation,  in  a  hundred  dilllrent  ways, 
in  every  place  where  either  is  carried  on?  Are  they  unapprised  of 
the  fact,  that  in  tliese  stirring  times  of  competition  all  along  the  coast, 
as  well  as  inland,  no  merchant  can,  in  the  Ioikj  run,  prosecute  his 
business  to  a  great  extent,  ioith  the  utmost  facility  and  success,  with- 
out pressing  into  his  service  the  swiftest  means  of  conveyance  and 
int(!rcommunication  known  to  man — upon  the  water  and  the  land,  by 
railway,  teKgraph,  and  steamer?  Is  it  because  they  must  consume 
half  tiieir  lives  in  thinking  and  talking,  debating,  considering,  and  re- 
considering, before  they  can  make  up  their  minds  how  and  when  to 
act  ?  No  !  It  is  because  they  have  been  brought  up  to  do  one  thing 
at  a  time.  It  is  because  of  their  determination  all  along — their  pre- 
determination to  finish  the  railways  in  the  first  place ;  to  apply  all 
their  ability  and  energies  to  the  completion  of  the  railway  system  ;  well 
knowing  from  the  outset,  that  this  done,  they  could,  with  their  supera- 
bundant resources,  summon  at  any  moment  the  steamboat  to  their  aid, 
and  all  other  essential  helps  and  appliances  of  the  kind.  And  tliis 
object  they  have  at  length  accomplished.  All  their  main  railroads 
are  now  completed,  and  each  one  is  in  full  and  successful  operation. 

This  broad  and  permanent  railway  basis,  so  indispensable  to  our 
people  for  new  and  momentous  operations  and  adventures,  being  thus 
erected,  now  it  is  that  they  are  about  to  commence  steam  navigation. 
Tiiis  great  and  wonderful  race  over  the  seas,  they  will  now  and  henci;- 
forth  enter  upjn,  and  they  will  triumph  in  it  as  certainly  and  signally 
as  I  hey  have  in  clipper  ships  and  internal  improvements.  Nor  could 
they  begin  more  opportunely,  or  under  circumstances  more  auspicious 
— never,  perhaps,  at  a  better  time.  For  they  have  no  long  and  tedious 
trials  to  encounter,  no  doubtful  or  expensive  exper'ments  to  go  through 
with,  in  order  to  invent,  improve,  or  render  more  perfect,  the  nui- 
cliinery,  form,  or  structure  of  the  steamship.  All  these  things  have 
been  done  in  other  parts  of  the  country,  and  by  other  persons,  who 
have  been  incessantly  engaged  upon  '•  engine  boilers  and  hull,  paddles, 
screw-wheels,  furnaces  and  propellers,"  for  the  last  lifty  years,  at 
their  owr4  risk,  and  with  their  own  money.  The  results  of  the  expe- 
rience and  ingenuity  of  this  half  century  have  now  become  not 
only  manifest,  but  public  property ;  and  Bostonians  have  nothing  to 
do  but  avail  themselves  of,  and,  in  common  with  others,  convert  the 
whole  to  their  own  use  and  benelit,  at  the  most  gainful  rates,  with  the 
]iii\<t  procrastination,  and  in  the  best  possible  way.  The  finest  steam 
marine  models  in  existence  are  ready  made  to  their  hands,  and  the 
most  accomplished  naval  constructors  and  practical  and  scientific  en- 
gineers and  naval  commanders  are  as  ready  to  enter  into  their  service. 
They  have  already  secured  all  that  is  necessary  to  make  a  suitable,  if 
not  an  imposing  beginning,  and  as  soon  as  'hey  get  fairly  under  way, 
uill  eniplo}',  one  after  .another,  just  as  many  ocean  steam  lines  as  the 
mercantile  marine  shall  require  to  make  their  depots  in  Boston  harbor. 

The  first  line  of  these  new  steam  packets  will,  we  understand,  con- 
sist of  four  vessels,  and  occupy  the  route  between  Boston  and  Livcr- 
])(>()!.     The  first  one  will  fake  her  departure  about  the  first  of  August 


ipaoity  or 
I  olli-cts  of 
rent  ways, 
pprised  of 
the  coast, 
secute  liis 
cess,  with- 
yance  and 
le  land,  l)y 
t  consnino 
ig,  and  re- 
ici  when  to 
»  one  tliinfi 
-their  pre- 
I  apply  all 
stem  ;  well 
eir  siipera- 
3  their  aid, 
And  this 
n  railroads 
)eration. 
ble  to  our 
beinjT  thus 
navigation, 
and  hence- 
id  signally 
Nor  could 
auspicious 
.nd  tedious 
20  through 
t,  the  nia- 
lings  have 
sons,  who 
,  paddles, 
years,  at 
the  expe- 
come   not 
nothing  to 
onvert  the 
,  with  the 
nest  steam 
,  and  the 
ientific  en- 
ir  service, 
suitable,  if 
indcr  way, 
nes  as  the 
on  harbor, 
(land,  con- 
nd  Livcr- 
f  August 


225 


onsiiing.  She  is  named  the  "  S.  S.  Lewis,"  and  is  one  of  the  most 
splendid  vessels  of  iier  class  ever  seen.  She  is  ol'iiot  less  than  1800 
tons  burthen,  and  altogether  the  most  costly  ship  ever  owned  in  Bos- 
ton. Slie  belongs  to  "the  Ocean  Steamship  (.'ompany  of  New  Eng- 
land," incorporated  by  the  State  of  Massachusetts,  with  an  authorized 
capital  to  an  immense  amount — larger,  it  is  believed,  than  that  of  any 
other  similar  incorporated  company  in  the  United  Slates.  In  .1  few 
days,  tlien,  the  "  S.  S.  Lewis  "  will  come  from  the  hands  of  the  con- 
structors, and  take  her  berth  at  the  wharves  of  the  Grand  Junction 
Ivailroad  and  Depot  Company,  and  thence  leave  on  her  lirst  voyage 
over  the  Atlantic.  The  day  of  her  departure  will  be  the  dawn  of  a 
new  era  in  this  section  of  the  country;  for  she  will  be  the  American 
lile-leader  of  a  new  means  of  transportation  and  transit  between  New 
England  and  the  Old  World  ;  the  Yankee  pioneer  of  a  change  in  our 
commercial  intercourse  and  relations  both  at  home  and  abroad — a 
change,  destined  to  be  as  impulsive,  eventful  and  lasting ;  as  marked 
and  beneficial  in  its  results, — so  far  as  the  trallic  of  our  citizens  with 
foreign  climes  is  concerned, — as  has  been  etl'ected  among  us,  in  the 
way  of  internal  improvements,  intercommunication  and  internal  trade 
by  the  iron  horse  upon  the  land ;  a  change,  it  may  be  added,  which 
as  it  goes  on  from  year  to  year,  involving,  as  sooner  or  later  it  must, 
steamboat  building  among  us,  and  all  matters  connected  with  it,  will 
create  more  and  more  activity  in  every  branch  of  business  among  the 
])eo[)le,  to  an  extent,  indeed,  that  it  were  vain  to  expect  to  see  realized 
in  any  other  way. 

This  new  and  superior  line  of  steamers  has  been  founded  by 
IMessrs.  IIa:;m)i:n  t^c  Co:>ii*ANY,  of  this  city,  in  conjunction  with  a 
number  of  wcaliliy  and  poweri'ul  parties — not  less  eminent  for  tlieir 
foresight  and  eiurgy  in  commercial  matters,  than  I'dv  their  resources 
and  inlluence  in  the  comnuniity.  The  originator  of  this  House,  it 
will  be  recollected,  was  the  person  who  established  or  led  to  the  estab- 
lisliment  of  all  the  expresses  U[)on  the  railroads  in  the  United  States. 
Leaving  some  time  ago  this  particular  branch  of  business  to  their 
successors  in  it,  they  have  since  been  engaged  as  merchants  and 
l)anker«,  and  now  the  public  are  again  indebu'd  to  them  for  being 
among  the  first  to  lead  in  the  establishment  of  Anurieau  steanuships 
from  lioston  to  the  ports  of  other  naliuus  ;  an  undertaking,  by  far  the 
most  important  for  New  England,  that  has  ueen  projected  since  the 
introduction  of  railways  and  locomotives  among  ns — the  most  mo- 
mentous and  promising,  in  fact,  that  now  remains  to  be  carried  on  in 
this  quarter  of  the  country. 

In  this  connection  the  following  paragraphs,  extracted  from  the  Bos- 
ton Journal  of  a  late  date,  are  not  without  interest. 

Time  was  when  tiie  capacity  of  Boston  to  sustain  oi/c  single  shi[)  in 
tlie  Lttndon  or  Livtirpool  regular  trade,  was  cpiestioned,  and  many  of 
our  merchants  remember  with  what  doubtful  shakes  of  tli«!  Iiead  the 
report  that  Messrs.  Train  &  Co.  were  about  to  establish  a  line  of 
packets,  was  greeted.  In  this  connection  our  readers  will  probai)ly 
be  as  nuii'h  iiiterii-led  as  w(;  have  l)een  by  a  perusal  nf  iIk;  following 
letter,  which  was  found  among  the  papers  of  an  eminent  merchant, 

20 


:     'i'^i 


'ill 

1  .  '. 

i  1, 

i  .■ 

V. 

■..'>  ■ 

^  I 

,;:: 

226 


recently  deceased,  and  which  forcibly  illustrates,  hy  comparison  witii 
the  merchant  service  of  the  present  time,  the  growth  of  tiie  eournerce 
of  Boston: 

London,  March  1,  1801. 

Dear  II. :  jMrs.  L.  will  most  likely  inform  you  of  a  conversation 
between  us  respecting  a  vessel  for  the  Boston  trade.  I  have  thoughi 
much  on  the  subject,  and  consulted  with  the  most  respectable  shijipers, 
the  result  of  which  is,  a  full  conviction  that  there  never  was  a  bolter 
opening.  You  may  rely  on  it  that  a  good  vessel  of  from  220  to  2")0 
tons,  fixed  as  a  regular  trader  between  us  and  Boston,  would  pay  the 
owner  handsomely.  Now  should  you  feel  inclined  to  avail  your.<elf 
of  this  opportunity,  it  may  be  the  means  of  fixing  D.  in  a  respectable 
employ,  and  at  the  same  time  serve  your  interest.  There  are  various 
articles,  which,  if  attended  to,  will  always  pay  a  handsome  freight 
from  America.  Of  these  I  can  keep  you  regularly  informed,  and  I 
presume  there  are  likewise  articles  from  hence,  which  will,  if  neces- 
sary to  purchase,  then  produce  at  least  ?i  freight  in  Boston.  All  kinds 
of  Lumber  have  for  some  time  past  brought  a  handsome  price,  and 
you  will  observe,  by  the  enclosed  price  current,  that  West  India 
Produce  is  very  high,  and  as  the  Spring  trade  opens  on  the  continent, 
it  may  be  expected  to  advance.  Think  of  this  as  early  as  possible, 
and  r  .  all  occasions  command  me  when  I  can  render  you  any  services. 

Yours  sincerely. 


227 


onversation 
ave  thought 
)le  shippers, 
vas  a  belter 

220  to  2")0 
iild  pay  the 
ail  yourself 

respectable 

are  various 
ome  freight 
■med,  and  I 
ill,  if  iR'ces- 
.  All  IuikLs 
16  price,  and 
West  India 
le  continent, 

as  possible, 
my  services. 


THE  STEAMER  S.  S.  LEWIS. 

This  fine  ocean  steamci'  arrived  at  Boston,  at  10  o'clock,  Wednes- 
day evening,  Sept.  17th,  with  a  large  party  of  gentlemen  from  New 
York,  Philadel[)lua,  and  Boston,  on  board,  by  invitation  of  jMcssrs. 
Ilarnden  &  Co.,  and  Capt.  Loper.  She  left  Philadelphia  on  Satur- 
day, the  13th,  about  10  o'clock,  and  with  colors  flying,  guns  firing,  and 
amid  the  cheers  of  the  people,  steamed  it  down  the  river  in  fine  style. 
The  day  was  beautiful,  the  weather  warm  and  calm,  and  everything 
betokened  a  speedy  and  right  pleasant  trip  to  Boston  ;  but  after  making 
about  75  miles  east  from  Capo  Ilenlopen,  at  a  quarter  befor^  3  o'clock, 
A.  M,,  she  v.'as  put  back  on  dccount  of  a  severe  gale  which  she  en- 
countered, and  which  was  so  threatening  in  its  appearance  as  to  make 
such  a  course  advisable,  although  a  great  disappointment  to  all  on 
board.  She  reached  the  Delaware  Breakwater  at  9  o'clock,  Sunday 
morning,  and  lay  at  anchor  there  till  10  o'clock,  Monday  night,  the 
wind  all  the  while  blowing  very  hard,  when  she  weighed  anchor  and 
stood  out  to  sea  on  her  course  for  Boston.  Her  behavior  during  the 
passage — standing  up  gallantly  to  the  work  right  in  the  teeth  of  a 
strong  head  wind  and  in  a  rough  sea — thoroughly  tested  her  ca[)abili- 
ties,  and  jjroved  her  to  be  a  first  rate  sea  boat.  The  passengers  ex- 
pressed themselves  highly  pleased  with  the  performance  of  the  ship, 
and  with  the  attentions  wiiich  they  reco'ved  on  board,  as  will  be  seen 
by  the  following  resolutions,  passed  by  *.nepassengers,  just  before  their 
arrival  here. 

Resolved,  That  the  manner  in  which  the  steamer  S.  S.  Lewis  per- 
formed during  the  gale  of  the  13th  inst.,  making  seven  and  a  half 
knots  per  hour,  in  the  very  leeth  of  a  heavy  northeaster,  under  circum- 
stances calculated  to  test  severely  the  sea-going  qualities  of  any  vessel, 
have  given  her  a  title  to  rank  in  the  first  class  of  ocean  steamers. 

Resolved,  That  the  arrangements  of  the  S.  S.  Lewis  for  the  accom- 
modation of  passengers,  are  elegant  and  tasteful,  and  as  well  crdculated 
to  ensure  the  comlbrt  and  convenience  of  passengers,  as  those  oi'any 
other  steamer  afioat. 

Resolved,  That  in  her  late  passage  the  ship  S.  S.  Lewis  has  evinced 
a  capacity  for  speed  which  proves  sntisl'actorily  tlie  superiority  of  her 
machinery  over  that  of  any  Propeller  yet  constructed,  thedi:-tance  ac- 
complished being  -187  miles  in  the  short  space  of  47  hours,  against  a 
strong  north-east  wind.  She  has  also  proved  herself  an  easy  sea  boat, 
her  motion  being  almost  imperceptible  to  the  passengers,  although  the 
voyage  was  made  under  such  adverse  circumstances. 

Resolved,  Tiiat  our  thanks  are  specially  due  to  Capt.  Cole,  and  the 
ollicers  of  the  ship  generally,  for  the  kindness  and  courtesy  they  have 
manifested  on  the  passage.     From  our  knowledge  of  the  gentlemen  on 


to 


tins  and  otiier  occasions,  we  nave  entu'e  eoniidence  m  tlieir  capacity 
fulfil  the  duties  of  their  respective  stations,  and  heartily  recommend 
them  to  the  traveliiui'  uublie. 


Vi 


!:■  ■  '^ 


228 


Resolved,  That  llic  nbove  resolutions  be  signed  by  tlio  pa?senn;er.-i, 
and  published  in  the  newspapers  of  lioston,  New  York  and  I'hilu- 
del[)liia. 

Tiit'se  resolutions  were  signed  by  the  following  passengers  : 

J.  II.  Vanderbih,  Charles  L.  Dimon,  F.  L.  Andrews,  Henry  (1. 
Clark,  Samuel  Hall,  James  Spencer,  Michael  V.  Baker,  J.  W .  Mc 
Lean,  Lovell  Purdy,  W.  .L  Graham,  H.  D.  Huston,  Chas.  M  Siinon- 
son,  C.  Vanderbih,  Jr.,  William  Flowers,  "Walter  INI.  Stewart,  "William 
Gulager,  J.  DeForest,  William  H.  Vanderbilt,  Frank  Munroe,  E.  H. 
Cob,  William  E.  Sibell.  William  Guier,  Samuel  R.  Glen,  H.  R.Tracy, 
R.  IJ.  Fitts,  C.  O.  Rogers,  William  R.  Pidgear,  John  W.  INIills,  Geo. 
AV.  Wheeler,  Stephen  M.  Mitchell,  David  Barnet,  Lewis  S.  Corvell, 
William  T.  JNIackrell,  William  C.  Tripler,  James  H.  Lander,  Richard 
Haiger,  J.  W.  Frye,  Thomas  Tileston,  Jr. 

The  meeting  was  then  dissolved. 

J.  H.  Vandkrbilt,  President. 

F.  L.  Andrews,   )  secretaries 
Chas.  L.  Dimon,   ;  secretaries. 

The  S.  S.  Lewis  is  a  noble  looking  ship.  Her  length  on  deck  is 
225  feet,  her  breadth  32  feet,  and  her  depth  26  feet.  She  registers 
1103  tons,  but  measures  1850  tons,  cubic  capacity.  Her  frame  is 
white  oak,  trussed  together  with  diagonal  iron  bands,  and  most  of  her 
plaidiing  and  ceiling  is  of  the  same  material.  She  will  be  coppered 
up  18  feet  forward,  and  19  aft,  and  is  painted  black.  She  has  a  carv- 
ed and  gilded  billet  head,  and  gilded  carved  work  along  her  trail 
boards  and  around  her  hawse-holes.  The  ends  of  her  cat-heads  are 
also  ornamented,  and  her  name  is  engraved  in  gilded  letters  on  her 
head  boards.  Her  stern  is  square,  and  is  ornamented  with  a  gilded 
spread-eagle  and  other  devices  handsomely  arranged. 

On  deck  she  has  a  house  180  feet  in  length,  15  feet  wide,  and  C  1-2 
feet  high.  The  top  of  this  house  is  railed  in  with  brass,  and  forms  an 
excellent  promenade  for  her  cabin  passengers.  The  after  division  of 
this  house  extends  across  the  deck,  and  is  raised  into  a  wheel-house. 
Next  to  the  wheel-house  are  three  water  closets,  before  these  a  smoking 
room  and  a  passage  way,  in  the  centre  of  which  is  a  beautiful  capstan, 
brass  mounted  and  made  of  mahogany  and  locust.  Next,  forward,  are 
five  lengths  of  state-rooms,  then  the  captain's  cabin,  before  that  a  sa- 
loon twenty  feet  long,  and  next  the  siaircase  which  leads  to  the  cabin 
below.  Farther  forward  is  the  hatchway  'hich  leads  to  the  engine- 
room,  next  the  galleys — then  the  otlicers'  .ndss-room,  on  the  starboard 
side,  and  a  skylight  in  the  middle,  and  a  pastry  room  on  the  opposite 
side ;  next  an  ice  house,  and  forward  of  all  a  tier  of  state-rooms. 
Most  of  these  rooms  are  designed  for  the  ship's  otlicers,  such  as  mates, 
engineers,  surgeon,  &c.  The  accommodations  for  her  crew  are  below 
on  the  main  deck  forward.  The  house  is  panelled,  has  a  projecting 
roof  or  top,  and  is  grained  in  imitation  of  polished  oak,  and  lier  bul- 
warks are  painted  fawn  color.  She  has  a  spacious  forecastle  abaft  the 
windlass,  and  a  small  topgallant  forecastle  before  it. 

Her  main  cab'n  is  aft  on  the  main  deck,  and  contains  30  state- 
rooms with  two  berths  in  each.     It  is  finished  in  a  neat  but  not  gaudv 


229 


manner,  with  panel  work,  set  off  with  pihvsters  and  cornices,  all  of 
which  arc  etlp;efl  with  tasteful  carvinrr,  fringed  with  pold  and  silver. 
The  cabin  is  lighted  by  four  stern  lights  and  a  sliylight.  The  state 
rooms  are  spacious,  and  well  lighted  and  ventilated. 

The  space  before  the  cabin  is  dcsignc^d  for  second  class  passengers, 
and  is  lighted  in  the  same  way  as  the  deck  abaft.  The  forward  and 
after  parts  of  the  lower  deck,  clear  of  the  engine  room,  can  be  render- 
ed available  for  steerage  passeng(;rs  or  the  stowage  of  cargo. 

The  motive  power  of  the  S.  S.  Lewis  consists  of  two  engines,  with 
GO  inch  cylinders,  and  40  inches  stroke,  applied  to  one  of  Loper's  pro- 
pellcP';,  wliieh  is  of  iron  14  feet  in  diameter,  with  4  fans,  formed  at  angles 
of  oO  degrees,  and  their  greatest  width  or  face  is  o  feet  G  inches.  The 
engines  were  made  by  James  T.  Sutton  &  Co.,  of  IMiiladelphia,  and 
are  compact,  massive  and  powerful.  They  are  capable  of  working 
1180  horse  power,  but  in  the  trip  from  the  Breakwater  to  Boston,  they 
were  only  worked  up  to  600  horse  power.  She  is  rigged  similar  to 
the  Cunard  steamers,  and  her  rigging  is  of  the  best  Russia  hemp. 
Her  sails  are  also  of  Russia  canvas. 

It  is  estimated  that  the  S.  S.  Lewis  will  make  seven  voyages  a  year 
between  this  and  Liverpool,  will  carry  300  tons  of  dead  weight, 
1000  tons  of  measurement  goods,  and  accommodate  100  cabin 
passengers — and  all  this  exclusive  of  fuel  and  stores.  With  only  her 
lower  holds  full  of  cargo,  it  is  estimated  that  she  can  accommodate 
nearly  900  passengers,  including  those  in  the  steerage. 

The  S.  S.  Lewis  is  owned  by  the  Ocean  Steamship  Company  of 
New  England.  Her  commander,  Capt.  Cole,  formerly  of  the  ship 
Orpheus,  and  late  of  the  Steamship  Tennessee,  is  well  known  as  an 
accomplifdied  gentleman  and  a  thorough  sailor.  Messrs.  Harnden  & 
Co.  are  the  agents,  both  at  this  port  and  at  Liverpool  for  the  company, 
and  under  their  management  its  affairs  will  be  conducted  in  a  wise 
and  judicious  manner. 


i.l 


'r#i'i 


w.. 


^.m 


■I 


230 


THE  MASSACHUSETTS  HAILROAD   SYSTEM. 


The  following  article,  copied  from  the  editorial  columns  of  the  Bos- 
ton  Daily  Advertiser  of  17th,  18th  and  1 9th  of  September,  last,  though 
short,  is  an  extremely  comprehensive  and  interesting  history  of  the 
Railroad  System  of  Massachusetts.  It  is  presumed  to  be  from  ilie 
pen  of  the  editor  of  that  Journal,  the  Hon.  Nathan  Ilale,  long  dis- 
tinguished as  one  of  the  earliest,  most  persevering,  and  enlightened 
advocates  of  the  introduction  of  that  system  into  our  State,  and  to 
whose  efforts  for  its  establishment  and  extension,  are  due,  as  much  per- 
haps as  to  those  of  any  one  person,  its  ultimate  development  and 
success : — 

The  city  government  having  appointed  the  three  ensuing  days, 
to  be  observed  as  an  occasion  of  public  jubilee,  in  commemoration 
of  the  success  of  the  works  of  internal  improvement  which  have  laid 
open  to  our  metropolis  channels  of  easy  intercourse  with  distant  j)art3 
of  the  country,  in  all  directions,  it  may  be  incumbent  on  the  public 
press  to  present  a  brief  synopsis  of  the  nature  and  extent  of  tliese 
improvements.  A  short  description  of  the  works  which  constitute  the 
various  routes  of  communication,  imperfect  as  it  must  be,  to  be  em- 
braced within  the  compass  of  two  or  three  columns  of  a  newspaper, 
may  serve  to  give  some  idea  of  their  extent  and  varied  ramifications. 
Sucii  a  synopsis  may  be  even  more  acceptable  to  the  strangers  who 
have  visited  us  on  the  invitation  of  our  municipal  authorities,  for  the 
jiurpose  of  participating  in  the  jubilee,  than  a  more  detailed  descrip- 
tion. 

To  enable  the  reader  to  form  any  just  idea  of  the  importance  of  this 
system  of  improvements  to  our  city  and  State  (if  system  it  may  be 
called,  which  consists  of  an  aggregate  of  independent  works,  construc- 
ted by  private  enterprise,  by  a  great  number  of  independent  associa- 
tions, and  with  very  little  formal  concert  with  one  another)  it  will  be 
necessary  to  advert  to  the  means  of  communication  which  existed  in 
the  Commonwealth  twenty  years  ago,  when  the  first  shovel-full  of 
earth  had  not  been  moved  on  either  of  the  public  railroads  now  in 
existence.  Although  seated  upon  the  sea,  and  furnished  with  a  great 
number  of  excellent  harbors,  which  laid  the  State  open  to  a  ready 
intercourse  witii  foreign  countries,  and  with  distant  parts  of  our  own 
country,  Massachusetts  was  almost  destitute  of  the  facilities  of  internal 
navigation.  Large  sums  of  money  had  indeed  been  expended  in  the 
construction  of  the  Middlesex  Canal,  leading  from  Boston  harbor  in  a 
northerly  direction,  nearly  to  the  border  of  the  State  of  New  Hamp- 
shire ;  and  in  the  construction  of  locks  for  fostering  a  very  limited 
traflic  by  ilat  boats,  on  tlie  Coimecticut  and  Merrimack  rivers.  The 
lines  of  boat  navigation  thus  established  extended  some  distance  into 
New  Hampshire.     But  tliese  modest  improvements  disappointed  pub- 


231 


m. 

the  Bos- 
;t,  though 
ry  of  the, 
from  the 
long  dis- 
ilighteiied 
te,  and  to 
nuch  per- 
ment  and 


ling  days, 
emoration 
liave  hiid 
tant  ])art3 
the  public 
t  of  tht'!-e 
stitute  the 
;o  be  em- 
ewspaper, 
lilications. 
gers  who 
es,  for  the 
descrip- 

ice  of  this 
it  may  be 
construc- 
it  associa- 
it  will  be 
existed  in 
vel-full  of 
s  now  in 
th  a  great 
a  ready 
f  our  own 
)f  internal 
lied  in  the 
iirbor  in  a 
w  Ilamp- 
•y  limited 
ers.     The 
tance  into 
inted  pub- 


I 


lie  expectation,  in  the  moderate  degree  of  accommodation  which  tliey 
atlbrded,  as  well  as  the  public  spirited  i)roprietors,  in  the  hope  of  an 
income  on  their  investments  in  them. 

In  the  meantime  improvements  of  another  character,  adverse  to  Iho 
commercial  interests  of  Massachusetts,  were  curtailing  her  internal 
trade,  and  as  a  necessary  consequence,  depriving  her  of  the  means 
of  sustaining  advantageously  her  extensive  foreign  commerce.  The 
ports  of  Massacimsetts  are  situated  upon  bays  so  deeply  indented 
along  the  coast,  that  steam  navigation  could  be  used  to  little  advan- 
tage, as  a  means  of  intercourse  between  one  port  and  another,  or  with 
the  ports  of  distant  States.  At  the  same  time  the  steamers  of  New 
York,  by  their  daily  and  regular  voyages  to  Providence, — to  the  Con 
neeticut  river, — to  New  Haven — and  to  those  ports  of  the  Iludtoii 
river  which  lie  near  the  "Western  border  of  the  State,  united  half  the 
State  at  least,  more  intimately  with  that  city,  through  her  greater  facili- 
ties of  commercial  intercourse,  than  with  Boston.  Tliis  intercourse  with 
the  great  commercial  emporium  of  the  country,  at  the  expense  of  our 
own  metropolis,  was  further  aided  by  the  construction  of  the  Black- 
stone  canal,  leading  from  Worcester  to  Providence,  by  which  a  water 
communication  was  opened  between  New  York  and  the  heart  of  the 
Commonwealth,  while  between  Worcester  and  Boston,  no  such  com- 
munication existed.  A  similar  diversion  of  the  trade  of  the  Con- 
necticut river  valley  was  effected,  by  the  opening  of  a  Canal  from 
Northampton  to  New  Haven,  and  by  improvements  in  the  navigation 
of  that  river.  The  Western  part  of  the  State  had  become  so  es- 
tranged from  Eastern  Massachusetts,  foi'  all  commercial  objects,  that 
no  trader  from  Berkshire  county  had  visited  Boston  for  many  years. 
The  same  causes  were  every  year  extending  the  commercial  relations 
of  New  York  with  Vermont  and  New  Hampshire,  and  consequently 
contracting  those  which  bad  long  subsisted  between  those  states  and 
Boston. 

Under  these  circumstances,  some  of  our  citizens  saw  the  necessity 
of  effective  efforts  to  arrest,  if  possible,  the  destiny  which  plainly 
awaited  the  city  of  Boston,  if  left  to  the  undisturbed  operation  of 
these  causes,  upon  her  commercial  position.  Fortunately,  while  a 
portion  of  the  ardent  friends  of  internal  improvement  were  endeavor- 
ing to  excite  the  public,  to  the  Herculean  ellbrt  of  establishing  a  canal 
from  Boston  to  Worcester,  for  the  purpose  of  counteracting  tlie  elfects 
of  the  Blackstone,  already  leading  to  Providence,  and  to  the  still 
more  difHcult  task  of  opening  a  line  of  navigation,  by  way  of  Millar's 
river  to  the  Connecticut,  and  thence,  by  tunnelling  the  Iloosac  moun- 
tain to  the  Hudson,  a  new  light  broke  upon  those  whose  eyes  were 
open  to  behold  it,  in  the  discovery  which  was  at  that  time  made  in 
England,  of  the  adaptation  of  the  railroad,  to  the  purposes  of  public 
travel,  and  to  the  transportation  of  merchandise  on  public  routes,  as 
entitled  to  take  precedence  of  canal  transportation,  which  had  been 
carried  to  a  great  extent  in  fostering  trade  and  facilitating  intercourse 
in  that  country. 

The  first  clear  comprehension,  of  the  nature  of  this  great  improve- 
Tuent,  attbrded  full  conviction  of  its  exact  adaptation  to  the  wants  of 
Massachusetts.     Destitute  of  the  advantages  of  internal  navigation — 


Hi 


s.  M 


232 


imminently  expof5e(l  to  the  Icis  of  her  existing  trade,  from  the  compe- 
tition of  the  City  of  New  York,  whicli  by  tlie  advantuj^es  of  licr 
jKJriition,  with  the  addition  of  iier  CHnala,  and  steam  navigalion,  wms 
unrivalled  in  the  facilities  of  water  communication — without  any  lari:e 
staples  of  trade,  which  could  give  effective  occupation  to  canals,  had 
there  been  far  less  obstacles  than  actually  existed,  to  their  construc- 
tion— and  needing  not  so  much  the  means  of  transport  for  large  masses 
of  produce  and  merchandize,  as  for  the  speedy  conveyance  of  com- 
paratively liglit  and  miscellaneous  articles,  and  lor  j)ersonH — the  ('ity 
of  IJoston  re((uired  precisely  the  facilities  which  the  railroad  was 
capable  of  affording.  Her  chief  system  of  internal  eomnuinicatit)n 
then  consisted  of  numerous  lines  of  stage  coaches,  and  baggage  wag- 
ons, employing  some  thousands  of  fine  horses.  The  ibrmer  were 
capable  of  jjerforming  a  journey  of  one  hundred  miles  per  day,  by 
the  fatigue  of  eighteen  hours'  travel,  and  the  latter  of  performing  the 
round  tri[)  of  a  hundred  miles  and  back,  'vith  four  or  five  tons  of 
merchandise,  once  in  a  fortnight.  These  were  the  rapid  modes  of 
travel  and  transportation.  All  other  modes  were  less  efficient,  and 
more  dilatory,  and  for  either  of  these  a  canal,  if  practicable,  would 
have  been  an  ineffective  substitute. 

But  the  railroad,  imperfect  as  the  conception  of  it  then  was,  (and 
as  '^  was  in  fact  some  years  later  even  in  England,  compared  with  its 
present  efileiency,)  promised  to  be  a  substitute  for  all  these  methods 
of  transportation,  iiir  superior  to  any  other  then  known.  This  con- 
viction, founded  on  the  progress  which  had  already  been  made  in  this 
improvement  in  England,  and  a  faith  in  its  further  advancement,  was 
confirmed  by  the  successful  experiment  of  the  Quincy  Railroad — a 
private  work — three  miles  in  length,  established  in  183G  for  the  traiis- 
])ort  of  stone  from  tlie  granite  quarrie?  to  the  place  of  shipment,  and 
which  fully  accomplished  the  purpose  for  which  it  was  established. 

It  is  due  to  truth  to  say,  that  the  announcement  of  this  improve- 
ment as  adapted  to  meet  the  wants  of  this  community,  was  received 
by  a  great  portion  of  the  public,  with  surprising  incredulity,  and  the 
efforts  of  its  advocates  to  produce  a  general  conviction  of  its  practica- 
l)ility,  were  resisted  with  a  pertinacity  worthy  of  a  better  cause. 
There  were,  indeed,  many  eaidy  converts  to  the  belief  of  its  eilicacy ; 
but  the  belief  was  slowly  embraced  by  the  class  of  persons  who  were 
l)ossessed  of  the  means  of  testing  their  convictions  by  actual  experi- 
ment, on  a  scale  broad  enough  to  give  it  general  confidence,  and  to 
introduce  it  into  ])ractical  use. 

After  much  discussion  of  the  subject  in  the  jjublie  Journals,  and  in 
pamphlets,  the  Massachusetts  Legislature,  as  early  as  the  year  1827, 
authorized  the  a|)pointment  of  a  Board  of  Commissioners,  to  cause 
huirveys  to  be  made,  of  the  most  practicable  routes  for  a  i-ailroad  from 
Jioston  to  the  Hudson  River,  at  or  near  Albany.  The  Conunission- 
ers  appointed  under  this  authority  made  an  exploration  of  the  most 
dillicuh  parts  of  the  prominent  routes,  and  a  la  'ge  part  of  the  route 
deemed  most  eligible  was  surveyed.  The  nexL  Legislature  author- 
i/('d  the  api)oiiitiuent  of  a  Board  of  Directors  of  Jnternul  Improve- 
ment, consisting  of  twelve  members,  and  appropriated  a  fund  to  \y<\.) 
the  expenses  of  surveys  and  [)lans.    Under  the  direction  of  this  Board. 


233 


nt,  and 

leil. 

iinprove- 

■eceiv(icl 

and  the 

iractica- 

cuuse. 

Ilk'acy ; 

10  wen; 

cxperi- 

and  to 

and  in 
ar  1827, 
to  cau?e 
aad  tVoin 
iniissioH- 
he  inor^t. 
le  route 

author- 
luprove- 
J  to  pay 
s  Board. 


WF^ 


tlio  surveys  dpcmed  necessary  for  the  selection  of  tlio  most  elipjiblo 
route  for  a  raih-oad  from  Boston  to  the  Iliidson  Biv(>r,  and  three 
entire  routes  from  Boston  to  Providence,  were  thoroughly  surveyed, 
and  reports  thereon  were  submitted  to  tlio  Legislature,  and  publish-d 
in  the  winter  of  1829,  accompanied  with  a  recoininendation  to  make 
a  commencement  of  railroads  on  both  these  routes  at  the  charge  of 
the  Commonwealth. 

Tlie  Legislature  however  declined  to  make  any  appropriation  of 
public  money,  on  the  recommendation  of  this  board,  or  on  resolutions 
offered  by  committees  in  the  succeeding  sessions,  either  for  undertak- 
ing the  construction  of  railroads  on  the  public  account,  or  for  co-oper- 
ating with  private  corporations,  to  be  established  for  the  purpose. 
Several  private  charters  were  granted,  without  the  subscription  of  any 
stock  on  public  account,  or  other  pecuniary  aid,  which  failed  for  want 
of  the  necessary  confidence  for  raising  subscriptions  to  the  stock. 

At  length  in  the  summer  session  of  1831,  the  Boston  and  Provi- 
dence, and  the  Boston  and  Worcester  Railroad  Corporations  were  es- 
tablished, and  the  charter  of  the  Boston  and  Lowell  granted  the 
preceding  year,  being  amended,  these  companies  were  organized  by 
the  subscription  of  the  required  amount  of  capital — the  Worcester 
conditionally,  with  the  reservation  of  the  right  of  the  subscribers  to 
withdraw,  on  receiving  the  report  of  definitive  surveys  and  estimates 
— and  the  surveys  of  the  three  roads  were  vigorously  prosecuted 
during  the  season.  The  charter  of  the  Boston  and  Worcester  road 
was  the  first,  which  contained  the  express  grant  of  authority  to  trans- 
port persons  and  merchandise  on  account  of  the  corporation,  and  to 
purchase  and  hold  locomotive  engines  and  cars. 

In  1832  the  work  of  construction  was  actively  prosecuted  on  these 
three  roads,  the  report  to  the  subscribers  in  the  Boston  and  "NV^orces- 
ter,  having  been  accepted,  and  the  conditional  subscriptions  to  the 
stock  made  absolute.     A  part  of  the  stock  in  the  Boston  and 

Providence  company  was  .Ken  originally  by  New  York  capitalists, 
and  much  of  that  of  the  Boston  and  Lowell,  by  proprietors  in  the 
manufacturing  establishmeiits  at  Lowell.  The  stock  of  the  Boston 
and  Worcester  was  taken  chiefly  not  by  capitalists,  but  by  men  of 
business,  desirous  of  promoting  the  establishment  of  a  Western  Rail- 
road, which  should  extend  ultimate'.y  through  the  State  to  the  Hud- 
son River.  They  deemed  such  an  improvement  jtontial  to  the 
welfare  of  the  State,  and  they  proct  eded  under  the  conviction  that  if 
their  subscriptions  should  prove  unproductive  as  investments  of  capi- 
tal, they  would,  as  members  of  the  community,  be  indemnified  for  the 
loss,  by  their  share  in  the  public  benefit  of  the  enterpr'se. 

The  Boston  and  Worcester  road  was  partially  opened  to  public 
travel  in  April,  1834.  On  this  occasion  the  use  of  locomotive  engines 
was  introduced  for  the  first  time  in  New  England.  This  road  was 
opened  throughout,  from  Boston  to  Worcester,  July  4,  1835.  The 
Boston  and  Providence  road  was  opened  in  part  in  June,  1834,  and 
throughout  in  June,  1835.  The  Boston  and  Lowell  was  opened 
throughout  in  .Tune,  1835. 

This  was  the  commencement  of  the  Massachuselts  system  of  rail- 
roads.    These  three  works  were  thus  the  pioneer  railroads  in  New 

30 


-M«: 


m 


234 


Enjrlnnd.  No  other  works  of  tlio  kind  woro  attcniptcd  in  tlio  New 
Eiij^lund  StiiU.'s,  until  tlm  success  of  these,  Imd  hem  tested  hy  liicir 
actual  U!i(',  with  the  exception  of  the  Norwich  and  Woree>lei-,  which 
was  bej^un  in  18;];*.  These  railroads  were  huilt  hy  enj^inecrs  who 
h'dd  never  seen  the  Eufjlish  works,  and  althon<.di  they  adopted  for  the 
most  part  the  general  principles  on  which  those  roads  Aver(!  constrr.cted, 
they  did  not  blindly  co|)y  from  them,  but  modilied  their  respective 
Works  in  many  particidars,  to  adapt  them  to  their  diirereiiee  of  situa- 
tion, arising  from  differences  of  locality,  as  well  as  of  the  amount  of 
population  and  business.  Several  of  these  dillerenees  of  plan  consisfed 
in  the  adoption  of  a  sir  irle  track  in  the  (irst  instance,  and  in  retainin;^ 
it  in  all  cases  so  lomjj  as  the  tratlic  should  be  insuilieieiit  to  pay  a  fair 
income  on  the  cost  of  a  double  one — the  avoidance  of  Tunnels,  ami 
very  expensive  cutting,  except  in  cases  of  nec(!ssity,  l)y  admitting  (jf 
higher  grades — and  the  adoption  of  cross  tiert^  of  wood  in  lieu  of  slotiu 
blocks  The  wooden  cross  tiers  are  now,  we  believe,  generally 
ndo{)ted  in  Eiigland,  as  preferable  to  stone,  without  referenct!  to  t!i(! 
dilferenee  of  cost.  The  rails  have  been  lor  the  most  part  imported 
from  England,  but  they  luive  bi-en  in  most  cases  rolled  to  a  pattern 
pi  escribed  from  this  country,  often  deviating  from  the  form  in  general 
use  in  England.  Tlw^  locomotives  first  used  were  for  the  most  part 
imported  from  England,  lait  for  some  years  past  they  have  been  almost 
exclusively  manufactured  in  this  country.  Their  form  of  eonslruclioa 
has  been  based  in  general  upon  English  patterns,  but  often  with  con- 
eiderable  modifications,  partly  for  adapting  them  to  working  on  higher 
grades.  One  of  the  locomotives  introduced  upon  the  Boston  and 
Worcester  road  within  the  first  year  from  its  opening,  was  built  in 
Boston,  and  it  provcsd  to  be  a  valuable  engine.  Those  manufactui-ed 
in  this  country  are  believed  to  be  fully  equal  to  those  whi(  h  have  Iteeu 
imported,  and  there  is  no  deficiency  of  engines  of  superior  workman- 
ship. 

We  cannot  attempt  here  eitlier  to  trace  the  liistory  of  the  railroads 
now  in  operation  in  the  State,  or  to  give  a  jiarticular  description  of 
any  of  them.  All  we  can  do  is  to  present  an  enumeration  of  the 
different  works,  classified  in  su(di  manner  as  to  show  the  several 
routes  of  communication  of  which  they  constitute  the  parts.  This 
enumeration  is  accompaiued  with  a  statement  of  the  length  and  the 
cost  of  each  road,  and  the  amount  of  income  derived  from  each,  dur- 
ing the  year  J  Hot),  together  with  the  aggregate  extent,  cost  and  income 
of  them  all.  AVe  subjoin  also  a  statement  of  the  works  of  a  similar 
character  beyond  the  limits  of  the  State  constructed  for  the  purpose 
of  extending  the  several  lines  of  communication,  in  various  directions, 
where  there  has  appeared  to  be  such  a  demand  for  them  as  to  encour- 
age parties  to  undertake  them. 

There  are  at  this  time  seven  distinct  railroads,  which  take  their 
departuro  from  diilerent  points  within  the  City  of  Boston,  all  estab- 
lished by  private  cor()orations,  and  entirely  independent  of  one  anoth- 
er, and  diverging  irregularly  to  all  the  points  of  the  compass,  except 
on  that  side  which  fronts  on  t.he  ocean.  These  seven  roads  an^  the 
main  trunks  on  which  are  engrafted  all  the  railroails  in  the  Stale. 
The  supplementary  roads  are  in  part  extensions  of  the  main  trunks, 


to  P 


akc,  llioir 
,11  cstal)- 
le  aiioth- 

•',  except 
are  tin? 

e   Stale. 

1  truiilv^j 


23rj 


nnd  in  part  liitcral  hrnnelios,  desi^riied  for  cxtendinpf  tlio  l)enen(-<  nf 
tile  im|ir')vemitit  over  ii  wider  space.  All  tlu'se  roads  are  eoii^tnicted 
upon  a  iiiiil'oi'in  lmhu'c  of  four  feet  ten  and  a  hall'  iiiclie-*,  and  coii-e- 
([uently  carriii;,'es,  entered  upon  any  part  of  eitlii'r  of  the  lines,  may 
he  transmitted  thereon  to  IJoston,  or  to  tho  farthest  extremity  of  tluj 
line,  or  of  eith(!r  of  its  branches. 

Kaeh  of  tho  mwcM  linos  extends  to  the  limits  of  the  State,  and 
with  the  ('xeeptioM  of  one,  which  terminates  liy  Itranehes  at  s(!Veral 
pr)ints  on  the  sea,  they  all  connect  with  other  railroads,  held  under 
charters  from  the  adjoiniii}^  Slates,  by  which  they  are  (ixtendeil 
through  those  States,  and  iti  sevin-al  instances  throu;;h  the  next  ad- 
joinin;^  States.  We  emunerato  them  in  their  order,  beginning  at  the 
southeastern  jart  of  the  city. 

1st.    old  colony  line. 

This  line  departs  from  tho  station  at  the  corner  of  Knoeland  and 
South  streets,  and  proceeds  ihrough  South  IJoston,  and  through  some 
of  the  principal  manufacturing  towns  of  Norfolk  and  I'lymouth  coun- 
ties, to  Plymouth.  By  the  South  Shore  Koad,  branching  on  the  left, 
it  visits  the  seaport  towns  of  Weymouth,  Ilingham  and  Cohasset,  and 
by  the  Fall  Hiver  Road,  diverging  on  the  right,  it  ])roceeds  through 
liridgewater  to  Fall  River,  where  it  connects  with  a  daily  line  of 
steamers  by  way  of  Newport  to  New  York.  An  express  train  runs  in 
connexion  with  the  steamboat  lin(=.  Ry  the  Cape  Cod  Rraneh  diverg- 
ing again  on  the  left  from  the  Fall  River  Road,  the  line  proceeds  to 
Sandwich,  in  IJarnstable  County,  whence  it  is  likely  to  be  shortly 
extended  to  the  south  side  of  the  Cape,  at  Ilyannis,  where  it  will  be 
the  nearest  point  on  the  continent,  from  wdnch  a  communication  can 


be  maintained  with  Nantucket, 
works 


The  lino  consists  of  the  following 


JViiiiir  of  Comprnii/. 

Mil 

fs.                       Cost. 

LW.  1 S50. 

Old  Colony,       .... 

■     -M^                   .•?2,293,r>.15 

$296,171 

Dorchcstci-  and  Milton  llrnnch, 

-       2" 

132,172 

South  Sliorc,     .        .        .        - 

-     10- 

420,438 

Briducwator  Branch, 

1 

Fail  Hivcr,         .... 

•     42 

1,068,167 
'                         020,543 

210,081 

Cape  Cod  Branch, 

-     27; 

56,556 

Total,      ....  127','  4,540,270  650;5,108 

All  the  branches  of  this  line  terminate  v.ithin  the  State.  The 
j>ridgewater  Branch  belongs  to  the  Old  Colony  Company,  and  its  cost 
is  embraced  in  that  of  the  main  road.  The  revenue  of  roads  not  se[)- 
arately  stated  in  the  table,  is  included  in  that  of  the  Old  Colony,  to 
Avliich  Company  these  roads  are  leased.  Eleven  and  a  half  miles  of 
the  Old  Colony  Road  consist  of  a  double  track,  and  the  residue,  to- 
gether with  the  other  roads  of  this  line,  of  single  track. 

2d.    providknce,  or  southern  line. 

This  line  takes  its  departure  from  the  station  on  Pleasant  street, 
near  the  bottom  of  the  Common,  and  proceeds  in  a  southerly  direction 
to  Providence,  where  it  connects  with  the  Stonington  road,  and  pro- 


fit liF;  i» 


hW 


■ 

i 

! 

■ 

1 

23() 


cooih  (liftj»ntmlly  tliroii}»h  the  Stnto  of  Rliodo  Tsliind,  to  Stonin^tnn  in 
Cuiiiiccticiit.  ll  tlii'i'i'  (onii.'cls  will)  ii  sccoikI  <l;iily  sUaiiiliuat  lini:  to 
Is't'W  York,  it  hciii;,'  tiit;  Soiilliurii  Stcuiitlinat  Mutl  \a\w..  7\ii  ('X|in'as 
train  runs  lictwcfii  Ito.stoii  uidI  Stoniii(;ton  in  cotnifxioii  witli  tlio 
fitcainboat  line,  witiiout  cxcliarifie  of  oarria^^cH.  The  line  (livcrjr's  on 
tiie  left,  half  way  between  JJoslon  and  Providence,  to  Mew  liedford, 
from  which  latter  point  there  is  a  line  of  steam  commnnieation  with 
Nantucket.  Jt  connects  near  I'rovidence  with  the  I'rovitlencc!  and 
"NVorcester  roud,  and  enters  the  city  of  Providence  on  a  track  by  ilie 
Bide  of  that  road.  Near  Poston,  a  branch  of  the  Poston  and  Provi- 
dence road  diverges  from  the  main  line  on  the  right  to  Dedhani,  and 
nt  that  point  it  connects  with  the  Norfolk  County  road,  whidi  teriiu- 
natea  at  Plackstone,  in  Worcester  County.  The  several  parts  of  this 
line  arc  as  follows : 


83,370,270 


.«;' 70,72? 


93,433 

0,423 

307,136 

r)7,f.()fi 

498,752 

93,043 

1,()0(),<I90 

57,840 

923,288 

101,375 

$fi,253,869 

6087,014 

IJoston  and  Providence,  •  -  -  41 
])cilhnin  nnil  other  Bmnclica,  -  -12 
8tou^llton  Branch,  ....  4 
Taunton  Hruncli,  ■  .  -  -11 
New  Bedford  iind  Taunton,  •  ■  20 
Norfolk  County,  •        .        -        .26 

Providence  and  Worcester,  in  Mass.,       25^ 

Total  in  Mass.,         -        -  139^ 

PAIITS    OUT   OP   THE   STATE. 

Providence  and  Worcester,  in  R.  I.,         18  901,508  101,376 

Sixteen  miles  of  the  Poston  and  Providence,  and  five  of  the  Provi- 
dence and  Worcester  roads,  have  a  double  track.  The  residue  of  lliis 
line  consists  of  single  track  roads,  the  trains  thereon  being  so  arranged 
and  running  with  such  regularity  that  they  meet  at  the  stations,  so  as 
rarely  to  occasion  the  delay  of  either  train. 

3d.    worcestkr,  or  western  line. 

This  line  begins  at  the  passenger  station  at  the  corner  of  Lincoln 
and  Peach  streets,  opposite  to  the  United  States  Hotel,  and  at  the 
freight  station,  bordering  on  the  harbor,  and  by  means  of  a  depression 
of  eight  feet  in  the  grade  of  the  road,  it  crosses  the  city,  passing  un- 
der three  of  the  principal  avenues,  and  thus  reaches  the  back  bay,  and 
the  basin  of  the  Mill  Dam  Corporation,  which  it  crosses,  and  renchts 
the  country  without  interrupting  any  street. 

The  main  line,  consisting  of  the  Poston  &.  Worcester  and  Western 
roads,  passes  westerly  through  Worcester,  Springfield  and  Pittsfickl, 
traversing  the  whole  length  of  the  State,  to  the  city  of  Albany,  "200 
miles.  In  this  distance  it  follows  the  course  of  several  of  the  head 
■waters  of  the  State  to  their  sources,  and  crosses  the  summits  which 
divide  all  the  principal  rivers  in  the  State,  with  but  one  tunnel,  and 
with  no  grade  so  steep  as  materially  to  retard  the  travel  of  the  most 
rapid  trains.  Two  daily  passenger  trains  run  between  Poston  and 
Albany,  and  large  quantities  of  merchandise  are  transported  over  the 
whole  line. 

At  Worcester  the  Norwich  and  Worcester  road  diverges  from  this 
line  in  a  southerly  direction,  and  proceeds   to  Norwich   and  Allyn's 


t 


I 


237 


0,423 

r)7,f,()(i 

57, MO 
K II, ••175 


i"raiif:;('(l 
IS,  HO  as 


'itt.sficlil, 
my,  "iOO 

le  bead 
which 

lel,  and 


rom  this 


I 


Point,  whore  It  connects  with  thi^  third  daily  stenmhout  lino  runninfif 
to  New  York.  Kxprc-Js  trains  tVuni  Hoston  willioiit  chanj.M!  of  cars 
cunncci  \vitii  this  line.  The  dislaiicn  IVoni  IJo.-ton  to  Aliyn's  I'niiit, 
1 10  miles,  is  usually  travtdicd  in  lour  hours.  The  passa^^e  hetween 
lioston  and  N(!W  York  is  usually  made,  in  oneh  direetioti,  helween  5 
o'clock,  1*.  l\r.,  and  7  o'clock,  A.  M.  At  "NYorccster  tlus  line  connects, 
also,  on  the  i  i;iiit,  with  the  Worcester  &  Nushuii  road,  which  comes  in 
from  the  north,  and  lorm,s  a  connexion  with  all  the  northern,  north- 
eastern, and  northwestern  routes. 

At  Sprinj^field  this  lino  coimccts  with  the  New  Haven  and  Hart- 
ford railroad,  which  there  diverjues  on  l\u-  left,  and  by  meau.s  of  this 
and  the  New  York  and  New  Havciu  road,  it  forms  a  contiinious  lino 
to  the  city  of  New  York.  On  this  line  two  daily  express  trains  rmi 
between  Boston  and  New  Y'ork,  tho  distuncc  lieinjj  2  10  miles,  and 
the  journey  is  pirfornied  in  about  "J  hours.  Tlu;  morninj?  train  on 
this  lino  conveys  tho  great  Southern  land  imdl.  From  this  line,  also, 
nt  Springtield,  the  Connecticut  Kiver  road  diverges  on  tho  right,  and 
runs  chiclly  on  tho  western  bank  of  the  Connecticut  River,  to  North- 
ampton and  Greenfield,  and  to  the  border  of  Vermont.  It  there  con- 
nects with  other  railroads  which  follow  the  western  bank  of  the  Con- 
necticut, to  within  50  miles  of  the  ^  anada  border,  and  at  different 
points  it  forms  a  connexion  with  all  the  lines  of  railroad  in  Vermont 
and  Now  Hampshire, 

This  line  of  railroad  is  also  united,  at  Palmer,  with  tho  New  Lon- 
don and  Willimantic  road,  which  passes  through  Connecticut ;  at  Pitts- 
iield  with  tho  North  Adains  road,  and  also  with  the  Stockbridge,  lierk- 
shiro,  and  Housatonic,  which  latter  traverses  the  State  of  Connecticut ; 
and  at  the  State  line  it  connects  with  the  Berkshire,  and  the  Hudson 
and  Berkshire  roads.  The  following  are  the  several  parts  of  the 
line: 

Boston  &  Worcester,      •        -  •  44 1 

Six  Branches,        -        -        -  -  24 

Western, 117  4-5 

Pioviiloncc  tSt  North  Adams,  -  l?/f 

Norwicli  &  Worcester,  in  JNIass.,  -  20 

Worcester  &  Nashua,     -        -  ■  40 

Fitclilmrj;  &  Worcester,          -  •  14 

New  London  &  Palmer,  in  Mass.,  10 

Connecticut  Uiver,         -        -  -  50 

Hartford  &  New  Ilaven,         -  -  0 

Stociibridge  and  Pittsficld,     ■  -  22? 

West  Stoclibrid;,'C,          -        -  -  2.| 

Berlishirc, 21 


Total, 


-      391! 

OUT    OF   TlIK    STATE. 


Albany  and  West  Stockbridge, 
Xorwii'Ii  &  Worcester  in  Conn., 
liar.  &  N.  II.  in  Conn., 
N.  London  and  P.  in  Conn., 
Wor.  &  Nash,  in  N.  H., 

Total, 


38  1- 
46 
56 
55| 

_ 
201V 


84,882,148 

5757,947 

8,032,814  ) 
443,078  J 

1,369,514 

772,106 

87,080 

1,282,601 

123,479 

259,074 

19,159 

180,000 

10,000 

1,798,S25 

191,587 

215, SOS 

30,000 

448,700 

31,409 

41,516 

1,823 

000,000 

42,000 

$18,959,307 

:?2,070,004 

1,930,895 

1,826,408 

174,173 

2,534,000 

414,757 

1,155,000 

09,400 

127,.)00 

29,959 

,«;7..'i 


577,809 


S083,2S9 


,;ji: 


The  Albany  and  West  Stockbridge  was  built  by  the  Western  Rail- 


238 


Company  of  this  State,  at  their  exclusive  cost,  and  it  is  managed 
!iem  as  a  part  of  the  AVestern  road,  as  is  also  the  Pittslield  and 


road 

hy  them  as  a  pari 

North  Adams.     The  stock  of  the   Worcester  and  Nashua  road  is 

owned  chiefly  in  Massachusetts  ;  that  of  the  roads  which  terminate  in 

Connecticut  is  held  hut  partially  in  this  State. 


4tII.      FITCIIBUnG,    OK   WEST-NOUTn-'SVESTER:-   LINK. 


Titcliburg,   - 
Bninc'Iics,    - 
Lexington  and  W.  C, 
Peterl)orough  and  S.,  • 
Harvard  Branch, 
Vermont  and  Mass.,    ■ 
Cheshire,  in  Mass., 


Vt.  and  ]VIa:s.,  in  N,  II., 
Cheshire,     ... 


Miles. 
51) 
15  f 

14 


67 
Hi 


Cost. 

$.3,552,283 

212,161 

272,647 

26,223 

3,192,051 

2,739,318 


Incomo. 
1850. 

S551,G07 


177,095 
208,414 


165^ 

OUT   OF   THE    STATE. 
10 

•         -         52J 


$10,024,643  $937,716 


42;V 


The  branch  railroads  connected  with  this  line,  are  worked  by  the 
Fitchburg  company,  and  their  income  is  included  in  th,"  statement  of 
revenue  of  that  road.  The  stock  of  the  Vermont  and  Massachusetts, 
and  the  Cheshire  Roads  is  in  a  great  proportion  owned  in  this  State ; 
and,  as  we  have  no  means  of  distributing  either  the  cost  or  the  income 
of  the  parts  between  the  portions  in  and  out  of  the  State,  the  whole 
of  these  items  is  gi''en  above  v/ith  the  Massachusetts  portion. 

This  line  takes  its  departure  from  the  Fitchljurg  station,  near  the 
Warren  Bridge,  and  runs  first  in  a  westerly,  and  then  in  a  nortli- 
westerly  course,  approaching  near  to  the  Boston  and  Worcester  Road 
at  Waltham,  and  thence  passing  through  Concord  to  Fitchburg ;  it  pro- 
ceeds thence  by  the  Vermont  and  l^frtssachusetts  Road,  to  Greenfield, 
and  to  Brattleborough,  in  Vermont.  From  the  latter  place,  the  line  is 
continued  by  the  Vermont  Valley  Railroad,  which  extends  to  Bellows 
Falls,  and  there  connects  with  the  Rutland  and  Burlington  Road. 

A  branch  of  this  line  is  formed  by  the  Cheshire  Railroad,  which 
diverges  from  the  Vermont  and  IMassachusetts,  at  a  point  eleven  miles 
above  Fitchburg,  and  proceeds  by  way  of  Keene  to  Bellows  Falls, 
whence  the  line  is  continued  by  the  Rutland  and  B-irlington,  by  way 
of  Chester,  Rutland,  Brandon  and  Middlebury,  to  Burlington — the 
distance  from  Boston  being  233  miles.  Here  the  line  of  travel  con- 
nects with  the  steamboat  line  on  Lake  Champlain.  At  Bellows 
Falls,  a  diverging  line  on  the  right,  consisting  of  the  Sullivan  Rail- 
road, proceeds  to  Windsor,  the  lower  terminus  of  the  Vermont 
Central  Railroad.  There  is  also  a  diverging  line  on  the  left,  from 
Rutland  to  Castleton,  and  thence  to  Whitfhall,  "t  the  upper  extremity 
of  Lake  Champlain.  It  there  connects  with  the  Saratoga  and 
Washington  Road,  which  at  its  southern  extremity  unites  with  tlie 
lines  leading  from  Troy  and  Schenectady.  This  line  forms  an  eligible 
and  expeditious  route  from  Boston  to  Saratoga  Springs,  by  which  the 


3  managed 
slicld  and 
Kv  road  is 
rminatci  in 


NE. 


Income. 
1850. 

$551,G()7 


177,095 
208,414 

?937,716 


kcd  by  tlie 
;atenicnt  of 
isacluisetts, 
this  State ; 
the  income 
the  whole 


Dn. 
,  near 


tlie 
n  a  nortii- 
ester  Road 
it  pro- 
Greenfield, 
the  line  is 
to  Bellows 
Road, 
oad,  which 
even  miles 
ows  Falls, 
)n,  by  way 
the 
travel  con- 
liellows 
van  Rail- 
Vermont 
(  left,  from 
extremity 
atoga  and 
with  the 
an  eligible 
which  the 


# 


239 


journey  is  made  in  ten  hpurs  to  Saratoga,  and  in  twelve  to  Schen- 
ectady. 


5tii. 


LOWEJ.L,    OR   NORTII-AVESTEKN    LINE. 


Boston  nnd  Lowell,    - 
Wol)urn  IJraiicli, 
Nnshim  and  Lowell,  in  Mas8., 
Stony  Brook,     ... 


4 


$1,945,047 

651,215 
205,520 


Total,        ....         50  !!i!2,SG2,388 

OUT   OF    THE   STATE. 

Nashua  and  Lowell,  5  miles,  cost  and  income  included  above. 


$400,421 

129,017 
10,189 

$552,227 


This  is  tlie  shortest  line  in  the  State,  of  the  Railroads  proceeding 
i'rom  Boston ;  but  it  has  a  large  extension  beyond  the  limits  of  the 
State,  by  Railroads  built  in  great  part  by  proprietors  residing  within 
the  State,  and  which  sustain  important  lines  of  travel  terminating  in 
Boston.  This  line  begins  at  the  Lowell  Railroad  station,  in  the 
north-eastern  part  of  the  city,  and  proceeds  through  East  C  mbridge 
and  Medford  to  the  city  of  Lowell.  It  has  a  short  branch  pt,  Wo- 
burn,  and  it  ibrmerly  composed  a  part  of  the  Boston  and  Maine  line, 
which  united  with  it  at  a  distance  of  14  miles  from  the  city.  That 
connexion  has  been  dissolved,  and  the  Maine  Road  enters  the  city  by 
an  independent  line.  From  Lowell,  the  line  is  continued  by  the 
Nashua  und  Lowell  Road  to  Nashville.  To  this  point,  the  line  con- 
sists of  a  double  track.  The  line  is  thence  extended  by  the  Concord 
Railroad  along  the  valiey  of  the  Merrimack  river,  35  miles,  to  Con- 
cord, the  Capital  of  New  Hampshire,  and  thence  by  the  northern,  82 
miles,  to  the  Connecticut  river  in  Lebanon.  It  there  crosses  the 
Connecticut,  and  unites  with  the  Vermont  Central  Railroad  at  the 
mouth  of  White  river.  This  Road,  which  begins  at  "Windsor,  on 
the  Connecticut  river,  14  miles  below  this  point  of  junction,  and  at 
the  terminus  of  the  Sullivan  Railroad  above  mentioned,  continues  the 
line  along  the  valley  of  the  White  river,  by  way  of  Royalton  to  the 
summit  of  the  Green  Mountain,  and  thence  by  Northfield  to  Mont- 
pelier,  the  Capital  of  Vermont.  Thence  it  pursues  the  valley  of 
Onion,  or  Winoosky  river,  to  Burlington,  245  miles  from  Boston. 
From  Burlington,  or  rather  from  Essex,  six  and  a  half  miles  east 
from  Burlington,  the  Vermont  Central  Road  is  met  by  the  Vermont 
and  Canada  Railroad,  by  which  the  line  is  extended  to  Rouse's 
Point,  where  it  crosses  Lake  Champlain,  near  its  outlet.  It  is  thence 
extended  by  the  Champlain  and  IMontreal  Railroad  to  the  St.  Law- 
rence, near  Montreal,  which  city  it  reaches  in  a  distance  of  i52()  miles 
from  Boston.  It  is  continued  also  from  Rouse's  Point,  over  the  North- 
ern Railroad  of  New  York,  to  the  town  of  OgdensI)urgh,  at  the  foot 
of  navigation  on  Lake  Ontario,  a  distance  of  403  miles  from  Boston. 

In  addition  to  these  extensive  lines  of  Railroad,  all  connected  with 
the  Boston  and  Lowell  as  the  main  truidf,  there  are  several  other 
diverging  lines  of  some  importance.  Among  these  are  the  Boston, 
Concord,  and  JMontreal.  This  Road,  destined  as  its  name  imports,  to 
rciH'h  the  city  of  INIonti'eal,  but  by  a  very  diflV'rcnt  route  from  either 
of  those  already  described,  proceeds  from  Concord  along  the  eastern 


s;    .  !j 


!    X    .l<h 


240 


branch  of  the  Merrimack  river,  and  by  the  outlet  of  Winnipiseogee 
Lake,  to  Meredith,  and  thence  by  Plymouth  to  Warren,  a  distance  of 
71  miles.  It  will  be  in  a  short  time  further  extended,  and  probably 
united  with  the  Atlantic  and  St.  Lawrence,  now  in  progress  from 
Portland  to  Montreal.  Another  branch  of  this  general  route  diverges 
from  the  main  line  at  the  mouth  uf  While  river,  and  passes  over 
the  Connecticut  and  Passumpsic  River  Railroad,  which  follows  the 
course,  first  of  the  Connecticut,  and  then  of  the  Passumpsic  to  St. 
Johnsbury,  a  distance  of  61  miles.  It  is  intended  to  extend  it  thence 
to  the  Canada  line,  near  Lake  Memphremagog,  and  thence  to  some 
point  of  junction  with  the  St.  Lawrence  and  Atlantic  Railroad  in 
Canada. 

There  are  two  other  Railroads  connected  with  this  general  line, 
leading  westwardly  from  Concord,  which  are  yet  unllnished,  viz  :  the 
Concord  and  Claremont,  which  is  opened  for  a  distance  of  25  miles 
to  Bradford,  and  the  Contoocook  Valley  Railroad,  which  is  opened 
about  an  equal  distance  through  Henniker  to  Hillsborough  Bridge. 
These  several  Railroads,  together  with  the  Nashville  and  IMilford, 
already  opened,  form  ar  aggregate  length  connected  with  this  line, 
of  632  miles. 

6th.      boston   and    MAINE,    OR   NORTHERN   LINE. 


yaine  of  Coiiipaiii/. 

Miles. 

Cost. 

Iiir.  1 850. 

Boston  and  Maine,    - 

• 

37 

64,021,606 

§594,263 

South  Reading  Branch,     - 

. 

8 

231,601 

Manchester  and  Lawrence, 

• 

5 

717,543 

Lowell  and  Lawrence, 

• 

12 

333,254 

Grand  Junction, 

6 

68 

678,116 

Total,      - 

$5,981,333 

§594,263 

OCT 

OF   THE    STATE. 

Boston  and  Maine,   - 

. 

-        37i 
8| 

■         28j 

Branches, 

. 

Manchester  and  Lawrence, 

• 

671 

About  half  the  Boston  and  Maine  Railroad,  and  the  greater  part 
of  the  Manchester  and  Lawrence  are  without  the  limits  of  the  State. 
As  we  have  no  rule  for  the  division  of  the  cost  and  income,  it  is  all 
placed  in  the  above  table  with  the  Massachusetts  portion,  a  great  part 
of  the  stock  being  owned  here. 

This  line  of  Railroads  begins  at  the  Boston  and  Maine  station,  in 
Ilaymarket  square,  in  the  northerly  part  of  the  city,  and  proceeds  by 
way  of  Andover,  Lawrence,  Alaverhill,  Exeter,  and  Dover,  to  Great 
Falls,  and  to  the  junction  with  the  Eastern  Road  in  Berwick.  It 
connects  at  Dover  with  the  Cr^checo  Railroad,  leading  to  Winnipiseo- 
gee Lake,  and  at  Great  Falls  with  the  Great  Falls  and  Conway 
Kailroiul.  It  forms  one  of  the  great  lines  of  travel  between  Boston 
juid  Portland,  and  receives  a  great  number  of  passengers  from  tiie 
large  mannracturing  towns  tlirough  which  it  pns.ses.  Jiy  moans  of 
(lie  Manchester  ami  Lawrence  Road,  it  furnislies  a  second  Railroad 
route  to  Concord,  in  ISevf  Hampshire,  and  thereby  forms  a  con.iexion 


^ 


inipiseogee 
distance  of 
d  probably 
gresa  from 
te  diverges 
)asses  over 
follows  the 
psic  to  St. 
d  it  thence 
ce  to  some 
Railroad  in 

eneral  line, 
id,  viz  :  the 
)f  25  miles 
I  is  opened 
gh  Bridge, 
nd  aiilford, 
h  this  line, 


E. 


J  lie.  1830. 
S594,2G3 


$594,263 


renter  part 
the  State. 

lie,  it  is  all 
great  part 

station,  in 
)roceeds  by 
r,  to  Great 

rwick.  It 
Vinnipiseo- 
id  Conway 
7en  Boston 
s  from  the 
y  moans  of 

I  llailroad 

connexion 


241 

with  the  great  north-western  lines  above  described.  Besides  the 
union  of  this  line  with  the  Portsmouth,  Saco  and  Portland  Railroad 
at  Berwick,  it  will,  on  the  completion  of  the  York  and  Cumberland 
Road,  form  another  route  to  Portland. 


T'rn.    Nonxii-EASTERX  line. 


Eastern,  in  IMass.,  - 
Gloucester  Branch,  - 
Marblehcad  Branch, 
■Salisbury  Brancii,  - 
Salem  and  Lowell, 
Essex, 


38 
1 
3 


8  1-5 -\ 

3  1-2  ( 

^  t 

3  1-2  ) 


17 
20 


Total,    - 
Eastern,  in  N.  H.,    • 


-    95  1-5 

OUT   OF   THE    STATE. 
.      10 


63,120,392 

316,943 

537,869 

63,975,204 
493,883 


5589,076 

15,r'05 
47,383 


«65 1,964 


This  line  takes  its  departure  ft'om  the  station  on  the  Eastern  Rail- 
road wharf,  whence  the  passengers  are  transported  by  a  steam  ferry 
specially  appropriated  to  the  railroad,  to  a  similar  wharf  at  East 
Boston,  from  which  place  the  railroad  trains  take  their  departure. 
The  main  line  passes  through  Lynn,  Salem,  Ipswich  and  Newbv.ry- 
port,  to  Portsmouth,  and  proceeds  thence  by  the  Portsmouth,  Saco 
and  Portland  Railroad,  to  Portland,  thence  by  the  Kennebeck  Rail- 
road to  Brunswick,  Bath  and  Richmond.  This  railroad  will  shortly 
be  completed  through  Gardiner  and  Hallowell,  to  Augusta,  the  Capi- 
tal of  JMaine,  a  distance  of  166  miles  from  Boston.  The  line  diverges 
by  branches  to  Marblehead,  Gloucester,  and  Amesbury,  in  Massachu- 
setts ;  and  by  an  independent  line  to  Georgetown.  At  Portsmouth, 
it  connects  with  the  Portsmouth  and  Concord  Railroad,  which  is  yet 
opened  but  little  more  than  half  its  length. 

At  Portland  commences  the  Atlantic  and  St.  Lawrence  Railroad, 
which  is  stretching  its  course  towards  Montreal,  in  the  expectation 
that  it  will  shortly  be  united  with  the  St.  Lawrence  and  Atlantic, 
which  is  advancing  by  a  vigorous  effort  of  the  people  of  Canada,  to 
meet  it  at  the  Canada  fronlier.  This  road  is  already  open  91  miles 
to  Gorham,  JN.  IL,  at  the  base  of  Mount  Wasiiington.  The  Atlantic 
portion  of  the  same  line  has  been  for  some  time  open  from  Montreal 
to  St.  Hyacinthe.  In  connection  with  this  line,  the  Androscoggin  and 
Kennebeck  Railroad  is  already  open,  from  its  junction  at  l3anville, 
27  miles  from  Portland,  to  "Waterville,  on  the  Kennebeck  River,  20 
miles  above  Augusta,  and  82  miles  from  Portland.  The  line  will 
doubtless  be  further  extended  to  the  Penobscot  River,  at  ^'angor,  and 
ultimately  to  the  adjoining  provinces  of  New  Brunswick  and  Nova 
Scotia,  should  the  enterprise  already  strongly  encouraged,  of  the 
European  and  St.  Lawrence  Railroad,  be  carried  into  execution. 
There  is  also  in  operation  another  branch  of  this  line,  13  miles  in 
len<.>th,  running  from  Mechanic  Falls  to  Buckfield. 

This  enumeration  will  serve  to  show,  to  what  extent  the  people  of 
the  Commonwealth  are  accommodated  with  the  means  of  internal 
communication,  and  of  intercourse  with  the  neighboring  States,  and 

Jl 


M\ 


M. 


km 


|il 


rlh 


t  I 

Hi 
I'  I 

I    I 


242 


Miles  of 

Cost  to 

Road. 

Jan.  1,  1851. 

Ini'OPie. 

127  3-4 

4,540.270 

563,108 

139  1-2 

6,253.869 

687,014 

391  1-4 

18,959.367 

2,670.004 

165  1-2 

10,024.643 

937,716 

50 

2,862.388 

552.227 

68 

5,981.533 

594,263 

105  1-5 

4,082.029 

651,904 

1,047  1-5 

$52,704,099 

§6,056,296 

witli  the  more  distant  parts  of  the  country.  For  the  purpose  of 
showing  the  aggregate  extent  of  railroad,  and  also  the  amount  of  cost, 
as  well  as  that  of  their  annual  income,  which  is  the  best  test  of  tlieir 
utility,  we  present  the  following  recapitulation.  The  stateraeif!''  of 
income  is  that  of  1850.  There  has  been  an  increase  on  most  of  the 
lines,  perhaps  all,  the  present  year. 


01(1  Colony  Line, 
J'rovklcncc      do 
Worcester       do 
Fitchburg        do 
Lov.ell  do 

Bost.&  Maine  do 
Eastern  do 


In  this  statement  are  not  included  the  length  and  cost  of  the  Albany 
and  West  Stockbridge  road,  built  exclusively  by  the  Western  Com- 
pany of  this  State,  and  portions  out  of  the  State,  of  certain  others 
which  begin  in  the  State,  some  of  which  belong  almost  exclusively 
to  proprietors  residing  within  the  Stale.  If  we  increase  the  above 
aggregate  by  the  addition  of  these  items,  it  gives  for  the  entire  length 
of  railroads  situated  in  whole  or  in  part  in  Massachusetts,  an  extent 
of  railroads  of  1411  1-5  miles,  at  an  aggregate  cost  of  $60,992,183, 
affording  a  gross  income,  in  1850,  of  S7,445,961.  The  stock  of  such 
of  these  roads  as  extend  into  Connecticut  and  Rhode  Island,  is  owned 
in  great  measure  by  proprietors  residing  in  those  States,  and  in  New 
York. 

This  statement  embraces  no  part  of  the  works,  or  of  their  cost  and 
income,  included  in  the  loregoing  statement,  which  are  situated  wholly 
without  the  limits  of  Massachusetts.  Several  of  these  are  owned  by 
companies  of  large  capital,  the  proprietors  of  which  are  residents  of 
this  State,  and  some  of  them  are  in  great  part  owned  elsewhere.  It 
would  extend  this  article  to  too  great  a  length  to  attempt  a  description 
of  the  whole.  We  present,  however,  a  table  of  some  of  the  principal 
companies,  with  the  length  and  cost  of  their  respective  roads,  includ- 
ing only  such  as  are  in  actual  operation,  and  are  connected  with  the 
lines  of  railroad  above  enumerated,  which  terminate  in  Boston. 

Miles.  Cost. 

Rutland  &  Burlington, 120  $3,854,253 

Rutland  &  Washington, 10  250.000 

Sullivan, 25  673.500 

Nashua  &  Concord, 35  1,385.788 

N.  II.  Northern, 82  3,016.634 

Vmnont  Central, 115  5X)84,470 

Vermont  &  Canada, 38  1,200.000 

New  York  Northern, 118  3,641.420 

Conn.  &  Pa.ssump.-ic, 61  1,500.000 

Concord  &  Clarcmont, 25  560.024 

Contoocook, 20  219.4150 

Concord  &  Montreal, 71  1,507.073 

Portsinoutli  &  Concord, 23  850.000 

Cocheco,       -                 18  500.000 

Portsmouth,  Saco  and  Portland, 52  1 ,293.640 


243 


pose  of 
of  cost, 
jf  their 
nei^"  of 
it  of  the 


Ini'ome. 
503,1(13 
687,014 
2,070.004 
9.*!7,71(; 
552.227 
594,203 
051,1)04 

50,050,296 

;  Albany 
rn  Com- 
n  others 
clusively 
he  above 
re  length 
an  extent 
,992,183, 
s  of  such 
is  owned 
1  in  New 

cost  and 
;d  wholly 
)wned  by 
sidents  of 
here.    It 
jscription 
principal 
s,  includ- 
with  the 
m. 

Cost. 
$3,854,253 
250.000 
673.500 
1,385.788 
3,016.634 
5.084.470 
1,200.000 
3,041.420 
1,500.000 
500,024 
219.450 
1,507.073 
850.000 
500.000 
1,293,640 


Kcnnclieck  &  Portland, 
Atliiiitic  &  St.  Liiwrcncc, 
Andm.scc^'S'n  <-^  lunncbeck, 
York  &  Cmulierland,    - 


Miles. 

Cost. 

54 

1,000,000 

70 

1,. 500.000 

55 

1,62 ',878 

11 

.•500,000 

1003 

!J30,o78,736 

1047 

52,704,090 

3:1! 

8,966,200 

2420 

691,749,035 

Total, 
Add  Koad.s  in  Massachusetts, 
Tarlly  in  Massac  iiusetts, 

Total, 


In  this  enumeration  are  not  included  several  minor  works  in  the 
State,  on  our  northern  border,  nor  the  Stonington  and  New  York  and 
New  Haven  roads,  which  form  pai-t  of  the  lines  of  daily  communica- 
tion between  this  city  and  New  York.  Were  we  to  include  the 
entire  cost  of  the  railroads  in  the  New  England  States  now  in  opera- 
tion, connected  with  lines  leading  to  Bo.ston,  it  would  doubtless  ex- 
ceed SI  00,000,000. 

It  should  hiive  been  stated,  in  our  description  of  some  of  the  roads 
leading  from  IJoston,  in  yesterday's  paper,  that  the  main  trunk  of  the 
Boston  &  Worcester  road,  the  Western  road  from  Worcester  to 
Springfield,  the  Fitchburg  and  Boston  and  Lowell  roads,  consist  of  a 
double  track,  as  do  also  27  miles  of  the  Maine  road,  and  16  miles  of 
the  Eastern.     The  rest  consist  chiefly  of  a  single  trat..k. 

For  the  purpose  of  showing  to  what  extent  the  whole  people  of  the 
State  participate  in  the  benefit  of  the  lines  of  railroad,  which  traverse 
the  State  as  above  described,  it  may  be  pertinent  to  state  that  there 
are  in  Massachusetts  32  cities  and  towns  which  have  each  5000  in- 
habitants and  upwards,  and  that  one  or  more  of  these  railroads  passes 
through,  or  terminates  in  each  of  these  towns,  with  the  exception  of 
Nantucket  only,  which  is  an  island,  20  miles  removed  from  the  main 
land ;  and  that  on  each  railroad,  two  or  more  passenger  trains  run  to 
and  from  Boston  daily,  (Sundays  always  excepted,  when  daily  travel- 
ling on  railroads  is  spoken  of.)  There  are  in  the  State  nine(i/-eif//it 
towns  of  a  population  varying  from  2000  to  5000,  of  which  seventy- 
three  are  situated  on  some  one  of  the  said  lines  of  railroad,  and  have 
the  same  facilities  of  communication  as  the  larger  class  of  towns.  Of 
the  25  towns  of  from  2000  to  5000  inhabitants,  in  which  there  is  no 
railroad  station,  !■!»  are  seaport  towns,  mostly  in  the  Old  Colony,  and 
a  large  proportion  are  situated  near  a  railroad  station  in  an  adjoining 
town.  The  population  of  the  smaller  class  of  towns  have  the  oppor- 
tunities of  railroad  accommodation,  in  nearly  the  same  proportion  as 
those  of  the  class  above  mentioned. 


m 


x-\ 


.";] 


244 


GRAND  JUNCllON  RAILROAD. 


The  Grand  Junction  Kailroad  Cumpany  was  chartered  in  1847, 
with  a  capiti.i  of  SI, 200,000,  for  the  purpose  of  constructing  a  line  of 
Road  to  connect  tlie  Eastern,  Boston  and  Maine,  Fitchburg,  and  Bos- 
ton and  Lowell  Railroads,  with  the  depot  grounds  of  the  Company 
upon  tide  water  at  East  Boston,  where  they  have  ample  wharf  and 
storage-room  for  the  accommodation  of  the  extensive  business  whid. 
it  is  expected  their  enterprise  will  command.  The  objects  of  this 
Company,  though  somewhat  various,  are  all  eminently  designed  to 
promote  the  trade  and  commerce  of  this  city ;  to  facilitate  the  opera- 
tions of  commerce  with  the  interior  trade  of  the  country ;  to  aid  in 
distributing  the  productions  of  other  countries,  and  in  the  export  trade 
of  our  own.  By  it,  the  cars  for  the  interior  are  brought  into  immedi- 
ate connection  with  vessels  from  every  port,  and  the  freight  of  tlie 
ship  may  be  exchanged  for  that  of  the  cars,  without  any  other  agency 
than  that  afforded  by  the  accommodations  of  this  Company.  A  ship 
from  England  may  unload  her  cargo  of  merchandise,  to  go  to  Canada, 
on  one  train  of  cars,  and  receive  her  cargo  of  flour  for  the  return 
voyage  from  the  next.  Or,  by  its  warehouses,  the  same  cargo  of 
merchandise,  or  the  same  freight  of  flour,  may  be  placed  in  store  or 
bond  until  required,  and  it  will  be  seen  that  whatever  the  commodity, 
wherever  it  came  from,  or  wherever  designed  to  be  sent,  the  saving  of 
expense  in  the  facilities  afforded  by  this  Company  would  equal  a  lai'ge 
part  of  the  cost  of  conveying  it  to  the  interior  from  the  ship,  or  to  the 
ship  from  the  interior. 

The  grounds  of  the  Company  consist  of  some  thirty  acres,  the 
greater  portion  of  which  is  made  land,  enclosed  by  a  substantial  sea- 
wall, 2395  feet  in  length.     These  grounds  front  on  Marginal  street, 
east  of  the  Cunard  Steamers'  Wharf,  and  their  piers  extena  to  the 
Commissioners'  line.     These  piers  are  eight  in  number ;  four  of  them 
350  feet  in  length  and  75  in  width,  and  the  others  of  somewhat  less 
length.     They  have  been  constructed  of  oak,  and  are  built  in  the 
most  substantial   manner.     From  the   main  track  of  the   Road,  a 
branch  runs  along  the  edges  of  each  of  these  piers,  so  that  merchan- 
dise can  be  transferred  from  the  cars  to  the  ships.     Each  pier  is  to 
be  roofed  over,  so  that  they  will  be  in  effect  ample  and  commodious 
depots.     At  the  head  of  these  piers  or  wharves  is  abundant  land  for 
the  construction  of  warehouses,  four  of  which,  to  be  built  of  substan- 
tial granite,  are  to  be  immediately  erected  by  the   Compr.ny.     Tix; 
charter  of  the  Company  permits  it  to  lease  or  sell  to  other  Railroad 
Corporations  such  portions  of  its  grounds  as  may  be  desirable,  for  the 
erection  of  freight  depots  ;  and  the  whole  thirty  acres  of  its  grounds 
are  expected  to  be  occupied  in  that  manner.    The  Company's  grounds 
are  accessible  from  the  open  sea  on  the  south  to  the  largest  class  of 
ships,  and  the  docks  are  protected  from  easterly  storms.     They  con- 
tain 1,465,920  square  feet  of  land,  piers  and  docks,  divided  as  fol- 
lows, viz: — 1,058,251   square  feet  of  land,  183,195   do.  oak  piers 


245 


i  in  1847, 
g  a  line  of 
,  and  Bos- 
Company 
wharf  and 
less  whicl. 
icts  of  this 
esigned  to 
the  opera- 
;  to  aid  in 
iport  trade 
to  immedi- 
"ht  of  the 
lier  agency 
y.     A  ship 
to  Canada, 
the  return 
le  cargo  of 
in  store  or 
commodity, 
le  saving  of 
ual  a  hirge 
I,  or  to  the 

acres,  the 
antial  sea- 
rinal  street, 
enu  to  the 
lur  of  tliem 
ewhat  lei=s 
uilt  in  tlie 
Road,  a 
merchan- 
pier  is  to 
mmodious 
nt  hind  lor 
f  siihstan- 
p.ny.     Tiie 
Ivaih'oad 
)le,  lor  the 
ts  grounds 
y's  grounds 
st  chiss  of 
Tlioy  con- 
ed as  fol- 
oak  pier'. 


244,474  do.  docks  ;  and  havn  a  frontage  on  Marginal  street  of  1  fi'jO 
feet  in  length.     Besides  the  above,  the  Company  owns  about  4"j(5,721 
square  feet  of  land,  with  a  water  front  of  1000  feet,  near  the  bridge 
over  Chelsea  creek.     The  real  estate  owned  by  the  Company  com- 
prised in  these  two  lots  amounts  to  1,922,041  square  feet,  including 
1)351  feet  in  length  of  wharf  accommodations,  in  the  deepest  and  best 
part  of  the  harbor  for  commercial  purposes.     The   Railway  will  ex- 
tend from  the  Company's  depots  and  the  warehouses  at  East  Boston, 
through  Chelsea  and  Korth  JMalden,  to  the   Boston  and  3Iaine  Rail- 
road in  Somerville,  north  of  the  Middlesex  Canal,  and  will  intersect 
the  Boston  and  Lowell,  and  Fitchburg  Roads,  in  Somerville,  near  the 
present  crossing  of  these  Roads.     The  depots  on   the  grounds  of  the 
Company  are  thus  connected  with  four  of  the  principal  Railroads  en- 
tering the  city,  (and  through  them  with  the  interior  roads  reaching  to 
the  Canadas  and  great  lakes.)  viz  : — the  Eastern,  Boston  and  Maine, 
Fitchburg,  and  Boston  and  Lowell  Railroads, — thus  attbrding  a  ciiairi 
of  Railroad  communication  from  deep  water  at  our  wharves,  through 
the  great  manufacturing  districts  of  New  England,  to  the  Canadas, 
the  Lakes,  and  the  great  Western  country ;  and  probably,  at  no  very 
distant  day,  uniting  by  one  continuous  Railroad  line  the  Atlantic  and 
Pacific  Oceans.     The  length  of  the  Grand  Junction  Railroad  itself  is 
6  and  G-lOths  miles,  and,  as  was  remarked  by  many  of  the  guests 
who  rode  over  it  on  the  second  day  of  the  Jubilee,  when  it  was  first 
opened,  the  Road  is  finished  in  a  very  superior  manner. 

The  officers  of  the  Company  are  : — President — Samuel  S.  Lewis ; 
Directors — David  Henshaw,  Charles  Paine,  of  Northfield,  Vt.,  leha- 
bod  Goodwin,  of  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  and  John  W.  Fenno,  of  Boston  ; 
Chief  Engineer — William  L.  Dearborn  ;  Treasurer — Dexter  Brig- 
ham,  Jr. ;  Clerk — J.  P.  Robinson. 


i'«  ;! 


i^'Wl 


246 


S197,774  50 
350,000  00 
152,225  50 


RUTLAND  AND  BURLINGTON  RAILROAD. 

The  Rutland  and  Burlington  Railroad,  extending  from  Bellows 
Falls  on  the  Connecticut  River,  to  Burlington  on  L;<ke  Champlam,  a 
distance  of  120  miles,  comraenctid  running  throughout  its  entire  length 
January  1,  1850,  and  opened  to  Boston  enterprise  an  entirely  new 
field  of  operations. 

The  Green  Mountains  had  hitherto  interposed  a  barrier  which 
effectually  shut  ou'  a  cointry  so  fertile,  that  it  has  been  aptly  termed 
the  Garden  of  New  England, — abounding  in  agricultural  productions 
--Its  hills  grazed  by  countless  flocks — and  the  bowels  of  the  earth 
yieldmg  mexhaustible  quantities  of  iron  ore  and  marble.  Lake 
Champlain  and  the  Hudson  River  had  heretofore  furnished  the  natu- 
ral and  only  channels  by  whicli  these  riches  found  their  way  to  the 
distant  markets  of  New  York.  The  Rutland  and  Burlington  Rail- 
road would,  it  was  thought,  form  a  highway  which  raiglr,  div(!rt  a 
share  at  least  'o  the  city  of  Boston  ;  and  that  it  has  successfully  done 
so,  the  statistic  ^f  the  Road  abundantly  prove.  According  to  the 
printed  Report,  submitted  to  the  Stockholders  June  18,  1851,  we 
learn  that — 

The  income  for  the  year  1850  was         ... 
While  the  income  for  the  year  1851  will  reach 
Exhibiting  the  extraordinary  increase  of        -        - 

or  over  75  per  cent.  This  surprising  gain  has  been  caused  by  no 
fortuitous  circumstances,  but  has  been  steady,  gradual,  and  health- 
ful; the  result,  unquestionably,  on  the  one  hand,  of  the  superior 
facilities  for  communication  throughout  the  year  which  a  Railroad 
furnishes, — and  on  the  other,  of  the  stimulus  which  a  work  of  this 
nature  invariably  exerts  upon  the  resources  of  the  region  through 
which  it  passes. 

Fresh  capital  is  continually  being  called  out  for  the  purpose  of  de- 
veloping the  still  hidden  wealth  of  this  part  of  Vermont ;  and, 
among  other  enterprises,  we  may  mention  that  of  our  respected  fellow- 
citizen,  Col.Thomas  H.  Perkin- ,  who,  with  others,  have  invested  hi:  -^ely 
in  th(j  purchaiiC  of  Belden's  Falls — a  place  yc:,  fresh  from  the  handb 
of  its  JNIaker,  and  whose  rjcky  sides  furnish  maiule  that  rivals  the 
finest  Carrara  can  produce. 

Besides  the  local  trailic  of  the  Road,  its  connection  with  the 
Ogdensburg  Railroa'^  with  the  St.  Lawrence  River,  and,  by  means 
of  tiie  Rutland  and  Washington  Railroad,  with  the  gr.'at  chain  of 
Railroads  leading  from  Schenectady  to  Buffali,  greatly  enhances  the 
prospects  of  the  Rof^d  for  an  immense  incrfca=e  in  its  freight  and 
travel,  in  consequence  of  so  ready  a  communication  with  the  Great 
West. 

The  tourist,  as  well  as  the  merchant,  has  been  greatly  benefitted  by 
the  construction  of  this  Road,  which  not  only  passes  through  scenery 
unrivalled  for  beauty,  and  yet   new  to  pleasure-seekers,  but  is  the 


most 
is  sh 
than 
amoi 
treal 
Law 
cour! 


r 


D. 


I  Bellows 
implain,  a 
;ire  length 
irely  new 


247 


most  direct  route  to  many  of  the  old  stnmlard  places  of  intorc^.  Tt 
is  shorter,  by  some  ten  miles,  from  Boston  to  Sanvto;,:'.,  by  tliis  route, 
than  by  any  otiier — a  fact  which  cannot  but  largely  increase  the 
amount  of  the  pleasure-travel  of  the  Road  :  while  northward,  IMon- 
treal,  Quebec,  the  Saguenay,  and  the  Thousand  Islands  of  the  St. 
Lawrence  cannot  fail  to  draw  their  quota  of  visitors,  who  will  of 
course  avail  themselves  of  the  most  direct  avenue  to  those  places. 


ier  which 
,ly  termed 
roductions 

the  earth 
le.     Lake 

the  natu- 
ray  to  the 
;ton  Rail- 
^  divert  a 
fully  done 
ig   to   the 

1851,  we 

97,774  50 
50,000  00 
52,225  50 

sed  by  no 

d  health- 

1  superior 

Railroad 

of  this 


•k 


^' 


through 


3se  of  de- 
ont ;  and, 
ed  fellow- 
od  la;  'Tely 
ivi  haiidb 
ivals  the 


with  the 
)y  means 
chain  of 
ances  the 
ight  and 
he  Great 


efitted  by 
scenery 
lut  is  the 


248 


NORTIIEIIN,   OR  OGDENSBURG    RAILROAD. 

Tlie  Nortiiern,  or,  as  it  h  popularly  callccl,  the  OstlensburR  Ilailroud, 
conitnencL'S  in  the  town  of  that  name,  on  the  St.  Lawrence  liiver,  at 
the  foot  of  the  navij^ation  of  the  Great  Lakes,  anil  extending  entirely 
across  northern  New  York,  t(!raiinates  at  House's  I'oint  on  Lake 
Ciianipliiin.  Its  whole  length  is  about  one  hundnnl  and  ciglitcen 
miles.  The  charter  of  this  Company  was  obtained  from  the  Legisla- 
ture of  New  York  on  the  fourteenth  of  May,  1^45,  and  the  road  was 
opened  in  its  entire  length  on  the  lirst  day  of  October,  IW.OU.  Tin; 
whole  cost  of  the  work,  wlien  fully  eciuipped,  will  be  over  S-i,00(),O()i). 
It  is  in  all  respects  i;  railroad  of  the  lirst  class,  having  been  built  in 
the  most  substantial  anil  thorough  manner.  The  depot  grounds  at 
Ogdensburg  and  Rouse's  Point  are  most  ample.  At  the  former  plai;e 
they  consist  of  more  than  GO  acres  of  land,  having  a  x/ater  front, 
where  vessels  can  be  discharged,  of  nearly  a  mile  in  length.  At 
Rouse's  Point  there  are  nearly  .'5,000  feet  of  wharf,  from  which 
freight  can  be  discharged  into  vessels  on  Lake  Champlain.  The 
road  here  also  connects  with  the  lines  on  the  East  side  of  the  Lake  by 
means  of  a  floating  bridge,  or  boat,  over  which  trains  pass  without 
dilliculty,  and  at  a  rapid  rate  of  speed. 

The  great  objects  in  view  in  constructing  this  road  were,  to  aid  in 
developing  the  varied  resources  of  Northern  New  York — a  most  fer- 
tile, healthful  and  productive  country  ;  to  connect  the  iiavigaijie 
waters  of  the  Great  Lakes  with  Lake  Champlain,  and  with  tlie  rail- 
roads in  the  New  England  States ;  to  open  a  new,  cheap,  and  expedi- 
tious route  between  the  East  and  the  West,  and  an  avenue  between 
the  upper  and  Lower  Provinces  of  Canada.  In  all  these  things  the 
road  bids  fair  fully  to  answer  the  expectations  of  its  projectors.  Al- 
ready it  has  produced  a  most  enlivening  effect  in  the  country  through 
which  it  runs,  where  trade,  the  arts,  and  agriculture  are  assuming  a 
new  aspect.  Large  quantities  of  freight  are  passing  from  the  city  of 
New  York,  up  the  Hudson  and  through  Lake  Champlain,  to  Rouse's 
Point,  and  thence  by  this  line  to  Canada  and  the  West ;  while  equally 
large  iiuantities  take  the  same  direction  from  Boston  over  the  New 
England  roads.  The  products  of  Canada  and  the  Great  West  are 
shipped  to  Ogdensburg,  and  there  take  the  cars  of  this  road,  and  are 
delivered  in  Boston  without  breaking  bulk,  or  are  reshi[)ped  at  Rouse's 
Point,  and  pass  Southward  to  the  city  of  New  York. 

The  Montreal  Railroad  enters  upon  this  road  a  short  distance  West 
of  Rouse's  Point,  and  its  cars  are  allowed  to  pass  Eastward  over  the 
bridge  of  this  Company,  on  to  the  Vermont  Road,  and  thus  a  complete 
connexion  exists  between  Boston  and  Montreal,  and  between  Boston, 
Montreal  and  Ogdensburf;. 

There  are  t:ome  important  and  interesting  points  on  this  railroad. 
One  of  them  is  the  viaduct  at  Chatauque  River.  This  stream  is 
turned   through  a  tunnel  cut  in  solid  rock,  and  the  ravine  through 

embankment  one  hundred 


1^ 


and  sixty  feet  high. 


ig 


21!) 


VKR:\I0NT   CKxNTRAh   KAIJJIOAD. 


;  Uuilroiul, 
!  lviv(;r,  at 
ig  entirely 
on  Lak(! 
I  ciglileen 
10  Ijegi-sla- 
3  roail  wa-t 
S50.  Tlie. 
•4,000,0(10. 
en  built  in 
rroiiiids  at 
[■rner  i)lai'e 
ater  front, 
•iigtii.  At 
•oin  wliicli 
lain.  Tlie 
I  (J  Lake  l»y 
i!js  without 

e,  to  aid  in 
I  most  t'er- 
navigable 
111  the  rail- 
id  expedi- 
te between 
things  the 
tors.     Al- 
y  through 
.\s3uming  a 
the  eity  of 
to  Rouse's 
e  etiualiy 
the  New 
West  are 
d,  and  are 
at  Rouse's 

mce  "West 
over  the 
a  complete 
.'.n  Boston, 

3  railroad, 
stream  is 
le  through 
le  hundred 


The  V 


ermont  Central  Railroad  Company  was  chnrtored  ontheiilsl 


ik 


of  OcIoIkt,  1><  I.'5,  with  aiilhorily  to  con.'-lrMct  a  railr<)a<l  from  the  east- 
ern shore  of  Lake  Champlain  to  a  point  on  the  Conueetient  River, 
conv(!nient  H)r  its  connection  with  railroads  from  l?oston,  either  by  the 
way  of  Concord,  N.  11.,  or  Fitchbnrg,  iMass. 

On  the  2Jd  of  July,  18ir>,  the  Company  was  organized  with  u  cap- 
ital of  two  millions  of  dollars  ;  on  the  15th  of  December  of  that  year, 
the  first  ground  was  broken  at  Windsor,  and  on  ihe  1st  of  .January, 
1H5(»,  the  whole  of  the  Central  Road  was  open  Ibr  rumiing  trains, 
from  Windsor  to  Rurlinglon,  a  distance  of  117  miles — costing,  Ibr 
track  and  C(|uipments,  up  to  July  Ist,  laol,  exclusive  of  interest, 
8o,773,yGl.;]7. 

Regarded  in  a  local  view,  only,  this  railroad  possesses  great  advan- 
tages ill  its  grades,  tlu;  maximum  of  which,  on  the  main  line,  is  I  feet 
to  the  mile — in  its  curves,  three-iburths  of  the  line  being  straight — 
in  its  scenery,  which  is  among  the  most  attractive  to  be  Ibund  in  Xew 
ICnghirid — and  in  a  country  to  furnish  local  busiiic.-s,  abounding  iu 
resources  ibr  iigriculture  and  niamifacliircs,  and  inhabited  by  an  cner- 
ji'jiifr  and  thril'ty  people.  The  originators  and  promoters  of  tlie  Central 
ro;ul  were  men  of  enlarged  views,  and  happily,  also,  of  great  sagacity 
and  untlinching  energy. 

I  rom  the  outset,  ihey  designed  the  eafablishnient,  not  merely  of  an 
ini]  rtaiit  railroad  lor  Wrmoiit,  but  of  a  r/irat  nortltcrn  line  of  ruil- 
ruar.s,  extending  i'rom  ihe  Atlantic  to  the  St.  Lawrence  and  the  West- 
ern Lakes — a  line  of  the  highest  iini)nrtance  to  the  commerce  of  New 
Kngland  and  the  Western  States,  of  Canada  and  (jlreat  Britain. 

The  Central  road  was  regarded  as  an  indispensable  link  in  this  great 
chain.  Its  construction  was  begun,  and  has  been  [irosecuted  with  u 
conviction  that  its  success  would  insure  the  construction  of  the 
whole.  In  every  stage  of  its  progress,  it  has  been  kept  ric'ly  sub- 
ordinate to  tlie  grand  design.  When  the  Central  R-"  "U  Company 
was  organized  in  July,  1845,  there  Avas  no  railroad  .ji  iructed  within 
G'J  miles  of  the  Central  line  on  the  P^ast,  and  no  road  constructed,  and 
no  Company  organized  West  or  North  of  the  Central  line,  except  IH 
miles  of  Summer  railway  from  Laprairie  to  St.  Johns. 

The  Central  suspended  its  calls  upon  capitalists  lor  stock,  ami  com- 
menced work  with  less  than  one-half  of  its  own  crioital  subscribed,  in 
order,  as  the  directors  remarked,  in  their  (irst  annual  report,  to  leave 
the  iield  in  Boston  for  a  time  open  to  the  friends  of  the  Ogdensburg 
road,  which  was  the  last  link  in  the  chain  to  connect  the  Atlantic  witli 
the  Great  Lakes. 

Aided  by  this  forbearance,  as  well  as  by  support  on  tlie  part  of  pro- 
moters of  the  Central  road,  the  Ogdensb'u-g  was  organized  in  June, 
184(5.  At  the  same  time  the  Northern  (N.  II.)  and  Sullivan  rail- 
voads  were  also  put  in  progress.  The  promoters  of  the  Central  road 
had  also  succeeded  in  enhsting,  to  some  extent,  the  favor  of   leading 

32 


m 


S       I 


I 


Ml 


w 


'^'>0 


iiicM  ill  i>riiiilrciil,  iiiwt   liiul   in'iKiired   ii  cliiittt'r  tin- tin-  *' \  ciiiiniil  iv 
('Miiiiilii  Kiiilnnitl  Co.,"  to  (•(jii.-'tnict   the   rciiiiuiuii!^   imrt   (jf  tin-  ;.'ii';il 


line 


h,[ 


,\C(M 


I   tlic    Cciilnil   and   ();^il(.'ii>l)iii';'   idikI.' — .-(»   lliai    in   .liilv, 


l''Sl(»,  I. early  tin;  wliolu   line  was  in  |in);^'n'ss,  and  lln'  din'flor.-i  of  tlui 
Ci'iiUal  road,  in  llicir  )ir.-t  report,  u>('d  liii!  following;  laii;:iia!.'(.' : 

"Upon  till'  {'oinplclion  of  l!ios(!  i-ailroads  in  New  F,iiu;laiid  \iiiii 
wliicli  tlic  (.'('iitral  road  will  coiinci't,  ami  whii'li  arc  now  in  pro'.'n--- 
of  ciiriiplction,  direct  ('Diiununieallnn  will  bo  fiiriiislicd  for  N'eriiionl 
and  Nortliern  New  Vork.  tliroii;.di  various  parts  of  New  Ilaiiip-hire ; 
jMassaelnisetts,  llhode  J,-laiid,  and  Conneclii'iit,  and  Into  Maine;  whili, 
for  a  larjje  portion  of  N'eriiioiit,  the  Central  will  also  ioiin  ;i  link  in 
the  chain  of  ilircct  coininiinication  with  tlio  iMiddh;  ami  Sonlhern 
Stat(!S,  On  the  North,  via  Lake  C.  haniplaiii  and  tho  St.  doliiis 
Kailroad,  the  Central  road  will  Ik;  coiniecled,  as  soon  as  iini.-hed,  iiy 


sleam  with  ISIontreal;  and  at  no  distant  di 


ly,  we  trust,  in  a  constant 


and  speedier  iiianner,  by  cars  and  engines  riiiinini;'  ii))on  tho  N'einiont 
and  Canada  Uailroad.  Means  will  thus  he  fnrni.>hed  litr  traii>p()rla- 
tion  direct  i'roin  IJoston  to  IMontreal ;  indeed,  W(.'  should  rather  >ay, 
lor  retfiilar,  c"rtain,  direct  steam  coiiinuinicalioii  Itetwceii  (Jreat  I'liilain 
and  the  capital  of  her  North  American  Colonies.  l,'mli'r  a  lilieral 
j)olicy,  Ix'f  \'eii  the  ,<_'overnments  of  J'".ii;,dand  and  the  L'lnlcil  Stato, 
such  as  would  seem  to  prevail,  the  amount  of  transportation  will  not 
be  inconsideral)le,  jind  the  luimlicr  of  passer  'crs  iiiiist  be  larj^e. 

^Vc  dare  not  attempt  to  estimate  the  an.  /unt  of  bnsiiiess  which  is 
to  pour  into  the  capital  of  New  Kn;j;laiid,  throiiLdi  tht;  Central  njad, 
when  it  shall,  as  it  undoubtedly  will,  be  conncftcd  with  ^loiitreal  on 
the  North,  and  Oirden.-bur'r  on  the  West.  A  new  outlet  will  thus  lie 
all'orded,  on  the  seaboanl,  for  those  prndiiclions  which  a."'e  now  liciiii^ 
^.'ithercd  into  tla;  Northern  hakes  from  tho  vast  and  fertile  lauds 
which  surround  them. 

JJostoii,  as  is  well  known,  lia.s  the  reputation  of  alfording  one  of  the 
best  markets  in  the  Union,  for  the  manufactures  and  tla.'  a^xricultund 
j)roiluc(s  of  our  own  country,  and  the  piodiictioiis  of  foreijin  <'ountrics. 
When  once  a  road  of  such  easy  pradients  and  curves,  as  those  of  the 
Yermoiit  Central  road,  .^hall  have  been  opened  to  Lake  Champlain, 
who  can  properly  estimate  the  recipn)cal  benelits  which  must  result 
therefrom  to  the  merchant  of  Boston,  and  to  the  trader  of  Vermont? 
and,  when  a  eonueetion  shall  have  been  established  with  Oiidensburjf 
and  thus  with  all  those  ;.'reat  Lakes  which  wash  the  shores  of  seven 
States  of  this  Union,  and  Canada  West,  who  can  calculate  the  eil'ect 
to  be  produced  u[)on  the  trade  of  Boston  ?  Verily,  what  the  AVcstcrii 
Kailroad  would  be  to  Boston,  were  there  no  Hudson  river,  and  if  the 
"New  York  roads  carried  freijfht  all  the  year  and  paid  no  tolLs, — such, 
we  believe,  will  tlu!  line  of  railroad,  I'rom  Boston  lo  the  St.  Law- 
rence, be  to  the  ca[)ilal  of  3his<ac!iusetls, — bringing  Hour  I'roni  Cleve- 
Jand  to  Boston  at  h.'ss  rate  via  Oiidensljurj;'  than  it  can  be  brought  by 
the  pi'esent  arrant;  meiils  to  any  point  on  the  seaboard.  It  will  lluis 
i)e  found,  that  v.hile  this  line  ol'  roads  is  to  lienelit  bolii  the  producer 
and  the  ediisuiuer,  dirccllv.  another,  and  no  less  iiiinortaiit  ( ifcct, 
v.hicli  will  i'(!~iilt  fi'jiii  (he  cepiplctioii  of  (lie  lir.e,  v.ill  b-;  llif  vm-I 
iiicreasc  that  must  ensue  to  tho  shipiiing  bu^;ines3  of   Boston,     By 


; 


* 


2  •)  1 


I'llllDIlt  i'v 

tlic  j.'i'cat 
ill  .Inly, 

)\'A  Ui'    till' 

ro : 

liiiul  ^villl 
11  pro'ii'o- 
•  Vcriiiimt 
amiisliiri' ; 
lie  ;  while, 
;;  liiiiv  in 
Siiiillicni 
St.  .Iiilius 
ihI.-IumI,  hy 

a  coll"!!!!!! 

I)  VcriiiDiii 
li'an.«iuirt;i- 
ratlicr  ^ll)', 
cut  lii'ilaiii 
r  a  iilicral 
itcil  Statt>, 
on  will  not 
iirjrc. 

ss  wliich  is 
iitial  I'uad, 
loiitrcal  (111 
vill  lliiis  l)c 
now  liciii^ 
rtili'    lauds 

;  one  of  tli« 
iifriciiltural 
1  (■oiintries. 
osu  of  tlie 
Cliainiilaiii, 

lll~t    I'CSlllt 

V(  rinoiit? 
)j>(U'H?biirj5 
s  of  seven 
the  elfect 
le  Wosltrn 
iiul  if  the 
Is, — siicli, 
St.  Law- 
I'uin  Cleve- 
bi'oii.ulil  by 
I  will  thus 
le  prodaeei' 
laiit   ( ll'i'i'l. 
,,;    ll,.'    v;.M. 

lo.^ton,     I'y 


iiiiitin;»  till!  St.  Lnwrcnco  at  (),!.'ili'nsl)iir!r.  mid  tlic  same  river  at 
iMoiilreal,  with  the  eapilal  of  New  Ijeilaiid,  by  a  comiiinii  irnii  tic, 
and  liiere  coniieeiin'f  willi  llic  Itoyal  .Mail  Sleain.'lii|H,  liic  N'ei'niont 
Central  Kailruiul,  witii  its  cniiiifctioitt,  is  to  bccMjinc  llu;  grand  liidi- 
\v;iy  fiir  fi'ej'dil,  and  i'or  l)iisinc,>s  and  pleasure  Iravid,  between  llic 
inoliier  country  and  oiu-  own,  ami  the  priiieipal  J'Ji'.',li"li  Colonies  of 
the  WcMierri  world." 

To  carry  out  the  '^vc:\\  sclieini'  tlins  indicated,  the  N'eriiiont  and 
Canada  mad  was  leased  iiy  the  N'erinont  Central,  wilii  a  jiiiaraiilee  of 
<S  |)er  cent,  upon  its  cost.  And  tims  means  were  prot'iircil  tn  open 
that  road  on  the  1st  ol' .lannarv  ls,"ii,  ami  the  wludu  .xdienie  was 
completed,  by  the  openiiif:  of  the  Chiiinplaiii  and  St.  J^av.reiice  road, 
on  the  1st  of  Sejiteinlier  last. 

This  X'crmont  Central  Railroad  commences  at  "Windsor,  Vermont, 
conneetin;,'  there  with  tin;  Sullivan  liailroad,  Jind  thron;.di  it  with  rail- 
road lines  exteiidiii};  both  to  IJoston  and  New  York  city,  and  to  all 
the  most  important  towns  in  Connecticut  and  Ivhodi!  J>Iaiid  and  that 
part  of  ^lassachnsc'tts  lyin;^  west  and  south  of  lioslon.     linnnin;^  from 


W 


nidsor,  fourteen  inihjs,  to  White!  Hiver  .lunetion,  the  road  there  con- 


nects with  th(!  Northern  line,  to  Concord,  N.  H.,  Low(dl,  Lawrence, 
and  Uoston,  idso  to  Salem,  I'ortsnuiulh  ami  rortland,  and  also  with  the 
I'assiinipsic  and  Connecticut  Iviver  Kailroad,  which  extends,  up  the 
vallev  (,['   tho   Connecticut    river,   to    IS'orthern    N'erinoiit    and    jShw 


111 


mp.-hire. 


]■" 


rom  >\  lute  IJiver  .Tiniclion  the  Ceiilral  road  extends  through 
N'ermoiit,  via  IJoyalton,  lielhel,  Kanddlph,  ^sOrlhliidd,  "Moiitpelier, 
"Waterbiiry,  I'iidimond  and  ICsse:;,  to  Ibiilingtun  on  J.aUe  Cliamplain, 
!(».')  miles.  At  Kssex  .Itinction,  7  miles  east  of  Ijiirlinglon,  the  Cen- 
tral coiniecls  with  the  \'ermont  and  Canada  railroail,  whiidi  is  lease-d 
by  the  Central  and  run  by  it  as  a  jiart  of  lln;  great  >i'orthern  line 
from  IJoston  and  >>'ew  York  to  Canada  and  the  West,  extending  -17 
miles  from  Iv-sex,  to  Konse's  Poinl  ;  the  line  then  connects  with  rail- 
roads running  west  to  Ogden.-biiig,  and  north  to  Montreal,  thus 
forming  tosetlier  with  thi;  lower  roads  an  unbroken  line,  and  the  ojili/ 
iinln-oken  line  of  railway  from  the  Atlantic,  at  New  York  and  Ijos- 
tuii,  to  the  .St.  Lawrence  at  INIonlreal  and  Ogdeiisbnrg. 

Tli(3  Central  is  one  of  the  best  constructed  roads  in  New  lOiigland, 
and  wtdl  eiiiiipped,  and  is  the  lir.-t  railroad  in  this  country  wlTadi  has 
jirovidiid  a  speedy  passage,  across  navigalile  waters,  for  entire  trains  of 
locomotives  and  cars  withoit  the  aid  of  a  bridge.  This  is  done  at 
Jioiise's  Point  by  a  boat  lilted  with  projier  tracks,  and  extending  across 
the  entire  (dianiud,  a  nov(d  and  highly  successful  expedient  enforced  by 
the  unyielding  opposition  of  other  interests  to  the  eonstruction  of  a 
railway  bridge  by  the  Vermont  and   Canaila  and  Ogdeiisbnrg  roads. 

The  design  of  this  floating  bridgi'  is  due  to  (iov.  Pain(!,  tin;  Presi- 
dent, ami  it  w.'is  constructed  Iiy  IL  ll.  Camplxdl,  Kscj.,  the  Chief  Kn- 
gineer  oi"  till!  Central  Hailroail  Company. 

The  Vermauf  C(,Milral  lliiilroad  Coiiipaiiy  has  striven  strongly,  and 
suirercd  s(,'veridv,  in  carrvinii-  out  the  original  design  with  which  its 
founders  started,  but  it  's  beginning  lo  reap  the  reward  to  which  it  is 
entitled:   its  business   now  requires   two  jiassenger,  and  four  freight 


'  v;'  n 


rill 

)i»r 


252 


trains  daily  each  way,  ami  its  superior  facilities  for  transportation 
will  it  is  hoped,  in  due  lime  give  it  rank  among  the  greatet^t,  and 
most  successful  roads  in  the  country.  This  line  has  been  selected  lor 
the  transportation  both  of  the  United  State  ,  and  British  mails  bo- 
tweeu  Boston  and  Kew  York  and  Canada. 


253 


STATISTICS  OF  THE  PUBLIC  SCHOOLS. 

The  following  tables  relatinij  to  the  schools  of  Boston,  •were  pre- 
pared by  N.  Bishop,  Esq.,  the  able  Superintendent  of  Public  Schools, 
to  show  the  expenditures  of  the  City,  for  purposes  connected  with 
education,  during  the  last  ten  years.  They  are  exceedingly  valu- 
able, not  only  for  present  reference,  but  as  affording  the  means  for 
future  comparison : — 

Estimated  cost  of  all  the  Public  School  Estates  to  Mat/  \st,  1851. 

1.  Cost  of  the  Latin  and  English  High  School  Es- 
tate, and  of  the  improvements  on  the  same,  -         -       S81,151.51 

2.  Cost  of  all  tlie  Grammar  School  Estates,  and  of 

the  improvements  on  the  same,  -         -        .         -       702,744.22 

o.  Cost  of  all  th(!  Primary  School  Estates, 
and  of  the  improvements  on  the  same,       -      3GG,214.81 

Since  May  1st,  1851,  the  amount  expended 
for  Primary  School  Estates,  is  -         -         61,163.03 


I^Iakinp;  the  rn'iirc  cost  of  the  Primary  Sdiool  Estates,     *427,377.84 


Tot:d  co^t  of  all  the  Public  School  Estates, 


!!?  1,27 1,273.57 


*  TliiM  sum  is  inuch  smaller  than  it  would  be,  if  a  lnr>rc  numl)!r  of  Friinary 
Sdiools  (lid  not  orcii])y  rooms  in  the  (iramiiiai-  School  Houses,  luid  many  others, 
rooms  liircil  for  their  use. 


;  i>i 


I 

I'H 


W 


254 


Annum,    Amount  jmid  for   Tuition  and  for   incidental  ex- 
penses, and  rate  per  scholar,  for  the  last  ten  years, 

I.      In-    IIlGU   AND    (in.VMMAI!    SCHOOLS. 


Years. 

«- 

Niiiiibor  of 

Anuiiint  puiil 

Kate  per 

Ini'ideiital 

Kate  per 

Total 

ScliDlars. 

ibr  salaries. 

Scholar. 

Expenses. 

HclMilar. 

Expense. 

18-1 1-42 

f),4.1.3 

$73,258  83 

$  1 1   39 

S14,.305  10 

S  2  22 

?  13  91 

1842-'4.'} 

r,,82.3 

75,734  ns 

11    10 

10,701  22 

2  40 

13  50 

1 84;i-'44 

7, ,53.1 

80,957  fi8 

10  75 

15.879  46 

2   11 

12  86 

1844-'45 

7,935 

89,005  ]  1 

11   22 

21,134  00 

2   00 

13  89 

1845-'4r. 

8,511 

98.870  40 

11   02 

21,940  39 

2  58 

14  20 

184(1-47 

8.513 

104,075  34 

12  .30 

25,589  93 

3  01 

15  40 

1847-'48 

8,S3(i 

114,011  80 

12  90 

34.878  12 

3  95 

10  85 

1848-'49 

9,114 

118,000  84 

12  95 

30,935  07 

4  05 

17  00 

1849-'50 

9,3.32 

120,895  83 

12  95 

34,314  26 

3  07 

16  62 

185()-'51 

9,094 

125  404  GO 

12  94 

39,820  82 

4  11 

17  05 

Average  number  of  Scholars  for  the  last  ten  years,  8,272. 

"        tuition  of  each  scholar  per  annum,  $12.10. 

"        increase  of  scholars        "        "         5  per  cent. 

"  "        "  tuition  "        "        7    "      " 

Entire  "        "  scholars  for  ten  years,  50    "      " 

"  "        "  tuition      "    "      "       71    "      " 

Average  annual  incidaiit-d  rxpcnses  per  scholar,  S3. 16. 

"        rate  of  increase  of  incidental  expenses  per  annum,  17  4-5  per  cent. 
Entire  increase  of  incidental  expenses  for  ten  years,  178  "      " 

11.    I\  Primary  Sciiooi.s. 


Vea.-a. 

Number  of 

Amornt  paid 

Kate  per 

Ineidental 

Rate 

per 

Total 

Srhdlars. 

Cor  s  ilaries. 

Scholar. 

Expenses. 

Seludar. 

Expense. 

1841-42 

5,908 

S23.934  84 

$  4  01 

S  8,889  71 

$  1 

48 

?     5  49 

1842-43 

0.355 

25..324  79 

3  98 

lO.ST)  14 

1 

71 

5  69 

1  S43-"44 

7.540 

27,884  14 

3  70 

11.075  34 

1 

47 

5   17 

1844-'45 

8,173 

29,239  84 

3  57 

10,908  12 

1 

34 

4  91 

18l5-'40 

8.599 

31,070  35 

.3  01 

13,340  30 

1 

55 

5   16 

1840-47 

9,00.3 

44,075  09 

4  90 

17,425  .39 

1 

93 

0  89 

1847-'48 

10,(100 

47.910  64 

4   70 

22  530  18 

•> 

24 

7  00 

184.'<-'49 

10.(i57 

5:;,(;71  99 

5  04 

2.3  993  98 

2 

25 

7  29 

1849-'50 

11,257 

50.401  31 

5  02 

23,085  01 

2 

10 

7  12 

18,50-'51 

11,949 

58,434  08  1 

4  89 

21,214  39 

1 

77 

6  00 

Average  number  of  sclinlnrs  for  the  last  ten  years,  8,950. 

••         tuilioti  per  scliolar     "      '•      "      '•       "     .S4,4  5. 

"        increase  of  scholars  per  annum,      10  percent. 

"  "         "  tuition  per  annum,  14  2-5       "      " 

Entire  "        "  scholars  for  ten  years,  100  "      " 

'•  "         "  tuition      "     "        "       144  MO     "       " 

Average  annual  hu-idoitcl  < r/xiiHfs  per  scholar,  51.83. 

"         rate  of  increase  of  incidental  expenses  i)cr  scholar,    17  per  cent. 
Entire  increase  of  incidental  expenses  for  ten  years,  170   "      " 

From  this  Table  it  a]»i)C:irs  that,  for  the  last  ten  years,  the  average  cost  of 
instrui'lion  for  each  scholar  in  the  High  and  the  Grammar  Schools,  has  been 
$15.20  per  aininm  ;  and  that  for  each  scholar  in  the  rrimary  Scliools  it  has  bcun 
So. 28  jicr  annum.  The  -whole  average  cost  of  instruction  is  S10.59  per  annum 
i'or  cacb  scbolitr  in  tbo  Roston  Public  Scliools. 


25  D 


Tntiil 

Expense. 

$  13 

91 

13 

50 

12 

86 

13 

89 

14 

20 

15 

40 

10 

85 

17 

00 

16 

62 

17 

05 

Amount  annually  expended  for  the  Erection  and  All  er  at  ion 
of  School  Houses  for  the  last  ten  years. 


IIlGK   AND    GuAMJt.VR    SciIOOI.S. 


I 


Pruiauy  SciIOOI.S. 


Years. 

Xiimber  (if 

Aiiinurt 

Rate  per 

Number  of 

Amount        Uato  per 

Scliolars, 

expended. 

S-IiPi.vr. 

Scliulurs, 

oxpended.       Hrlmlar. 

184l-'42 

6.43;3 

521,314  80 

$    3,31 

5,968 

512.457  25    $2  (19 

1842-'43 

6,823 

7,442  33 

1,09 

6,355 

10,210  18        1    01 

]  84;3-'44 

7,533 

53.551  56 

7,11 

7,540 

9,926  14        1   32 

1844-'45 

7,935 

48,414  45 

6,10 

8,173 

12,502  27        1    53 

1845 -'40 

8,511 

40,338  80 

5,44 

8,599 

16,570  80        1    93 

1846-47 

8,513 

62,451  CI 

7,34 

9,003 

34,592  02       3  84 

1847-'48 

8.830 

90,153  02 

10,20 

10,060 

39,290  40       3  90 

1848-'49 

9.114 

35.567  24 

3,90 

10,657 

;?5,923  72       3  37 

1849-'50 

9,332 

63,964  46 

6,85 

11,257 

17,756  86        1   58 

1850-51 

9,694 

29,969  14  , 

3,09 

11,949 

51.010  69       4  27 

Average  amount  expended  annually  for  the  last  ten  years  on  the 

Hifi'li  and  the  Grammar  School  estates,  ....  .  §  45,910  74 
Avera;,?c  amount  e.xpended  annually  for  tlic  last  ten  years  on  the 

I'limary  School  estates, 24,024  04 

Whole  amount  expended  during  the  last  ten  years  on  tlie  High  and 

the  Grammar  School  estates, 459,167  41 

Wiiolc  amount  expended  during  Jie  last  ten  years  on  the  Primary 

School  Estates, '-      240,240  45 

Total  amount  expended  during  the  last  ten  years  on  the  Public 

Scliool  estates, 699,407  SO 


"I 


1     5 

49 

5 

09 

5 

17 

4 

91 

5 

10 

0 

89 

( 

00 

( 

29 

1 

12 

6 

60 

ro<t  of 
;is  l)cen 
!ias  been 
innnni 


Amount  annually  expended  for  all  Public  School  purposes, 
except  the  building  and  the  alteration  of  School  Hov.ses, 
for  the  last  ten  years. 


Vears. 


i  Number  (d"t-'clu)lars.  Tuition  and  Fiiciilen- 
tal  Expenses. 


Rate  per  Scholar. 


1841-42 

12,401 

S  120.388  48 

S  9,71 

1842-43 

13,178 

128,696  83 

9,77 

1843-"44 

15,073 

135,790  02 

9,01 

1844-'45 

10,108 

150,347  07 

9.33 

1845-40 

17,110 

105.2.33   50 

9.60 

1846-'47 

17,510 

192.300  35 

10,98 

1847-'48 

18,896 

219.330  80 

11,61 

184a-'49 

19,771 

232,662  48 

11,77 

1849-50 

20,589 

235,:i57  01 

11,43 

1850-'51 

£,.643 

244.933  89 

11,32 

Average  ni       ler  of  scholars  in  all  tlie  Schools  during  tlie  last  ten  years,       17,228 
Tlie  wliolc  amount  expended  for  all  School  ijurjioses  exclusive  of 

School  Houses,  for  the  last  ten  years,  is         ....         •?1,825,1 13  03 
The  average  amount  of  tJK'se  ex|)enses  per  scholar,  -        -  10  59 

"  "        rate  of  increase  of  SI  iiohirs  per  ainium,  -        •         7  1-2  per  cent. 

«  "  "     "         '•        in  the  above  exiienses,  is       -        -       lii2-5    "     " 

Tlie  entire  increase  of  scholars  for  the  last  tell  yi'Mi-:,         -        -        75  "      " 

"         "  '■'  ill  the  "''ove  "xpcn^c^  Crir  the  hist  !"'!  y;;ii-s,      103  "     " 


.i!fl 


''  ■ill 


■„i 


•25ti 


r 


The  amount  of  Taxes  assessed  on  Real  and  Personal  Estates  in 
the  City  of  Boston,  for  the  past  ten  years,  and  the  proportion  of  the 
aame  expended  for  Public  Schools  have  been  as  follows  : — 


1841-2. 
Valuation  of  Real  Estate,  -         -         - 
Valuation  of  Personal  Estates,    - 

Total  valuation,  -         .         -        - 

Tax  at  CO  cents  per  SlOO,  - 
Number  of  Polls  18,950  at  «1.50, 

Total  Tax  1841-2,  .... 
"Whole  amount  expended  for  Schools,  - 
Proportion  of  Tax  expended  for  Schools, 

1842-3. 

Valuation  of  Real  Estate,  ... 
Valuation  of  Personal  Estates,    . 

Total  Valuation,  .... 

Tax  at  57  cents  per  SI 00,  ... 
Number  of  Polls  19,(J3G  at  «1.50, 

Total  Tax  for  1842-3, 

AVhole  amount  expended  for  Schools,   - 

Proportion  of  Tax  expended  for  Schools, 

1843-4. 
Valuation  of  Real  Estatf,,  -         -         - 
Valuation  of  Personal  Estates,    - 

Total  A'^aluation,  .         .         .         - 

Tax  at  02  cents  per  SlOO,  -  -  - 
Number  of  Polls  20,0G3,  at  $1.50,       - 

Total  Tax  ibr  1843-4, 

"Whole  amount  expended  for  Schools,  - 

Proportion  of  Tax  expended  for  Schools, 

1844-5. 
A  al nation  of  Real  Estate,  ... 
Valuation  of  Personal  Estates,    - 

Total  Valuation,  .         -         .         - 

Tax  at  00  fents  per  SlOO,  - 
Number  of  Polls  22,339  at  S1.50, 

Tut;d  Tax  \\>v  1.S41-.J, 

Whole  amount  expended  for  Schools,  - 

Proportion  of  Tux  expended  for  Schools, 


$01,963,000.00 
30,043,000.00 

98,000,000.00 

588,039.00 

28,372.50 

010,41,210 

154,200.53 

25  per  cent. 


65,499,900.00 
41,223,700.00 

100,723,700.00 

608,325.09 

29,454.00 

037,779.09 

138,771.93 

21.7  per  cent. 


$07,073,400.00 
42,372,000.00 

llO,O40,00O.UU 

082,285,20 

30,094.50 

712,379.70 

201,250  20 

28.2  per  cent. 


$72,048,000.00 
40,402,300.00 


118,450,300.00 

710,701.80 

03,508.00 

744,210.30 

205,277.0.-5 

27.0  per  oent 


e' 


257 


71. 'J  J 

CX'Ill. 


00.00 
,GUO.O() 

.OOO.UU 
;28.J,20 
,00-t.oO 

:]7;).7() 
,2o{]  -2(3 
31'  cent. 


,000.00 
,300.00 

,300.00 
,701.80 
,.J08.00 

,-2io.;;o 

,-.'77.08 
t;r  oerit 


1  8  4  5  -  G . 

Valuation  of  Real  Estate,  -        -        - 
Valuation  of  Personal  Estate, 

Total  Valuation,  .         -         -         - 

At  oT  cents  per  SI 00,  _         -         - 

Number  of  Polls  24,287  at  S1.50, 

Total  Tax  for  1845-G, 

Wiiole  amount  expended  for  Schools,    - 

Proportion  of  Tax  expended  for  Schools, 

1846-7. 

Valuation  of  IJeal  Estate,  -         -         - 
Valuation  of  Personal  Estate, 

Total  Valuation,         -         .         -         - 

At  60  cents  per  SI 00, 

Number  of  Polls  25,974  at  $1.50, 

Total  Tax  for  1846-7, 

IViiole  amount  expended  for  Schools,  - 

Proportion  of  Tax  expended  for  Schools, 

1847-8. 

Valuation  of  Real  Estate,  -         -         - 
Valuation  of  Personal  Estate, 

Total  Valuation,  -         -         -         - 

At  60  cents  per  SI 00, 

Number  of  Polls  27,008  at  SI. 50, 

Total  Tax  for  1847-8, 

Vv'liole  amount  expended  for  Schools,  - 

Proportion  of  Tax  expended  for  Scliools, 

184  8-9. 

Valuation  of  Real  Estate,  .         -         - 
Valuation  of  Personal  Estate, 

Total  Valuation,  -         -         -         - 

At  65  cents  per  SI 00, 

Number  of  Polls  27,726  at  $1.50, 

Total  Tax  foi  1848-9, 

Whole  amount  expended  for  Schools,    - 

i'njportioH  of  Tax  expended  for  Schools, 


$81,901,400.00 
53,957,."00.00 

135,948,700.00 

774  907.59 

36,430.00 

811,337.59 

226,019.09 

27.8  per  cent. 


$90,119,600.00 
58,720,000.00 

148,839,600,00 

893,037.60 

38,961.00 

931,998.60 

298,619.49 

32  per  cent. 


$97,764,500.00 
64,595,900.00 

162,360,400.00 

974,162.40 

40,512.00 

1,014,674.40 

348,887.40 

34.3  per  cent. 


$100,403,200.00 
67,324,800.00 

167,728,000.00 

1,09O,2.j2.0(» 

41,589.00 

1,131,821.00 

303,581.67 

26.8  pf-r  cent. 


ii 


tjii 


II 


258 


1849-50. 

Valuation  of  Real  Estate,  ... 
Valuation  of  Personal  Estate, 

Total  Valuation,         ...        - 
\t  G5  cents  per  SlOO, 
]Number  of  Polls  28,303  at  S1.50, 

Total  Tax  for  1849-50,      . 

"Whole  amount  expended  for  Schools,    - 

Proportion  of  Tax  expended  for  Schools, 

1850-1. 

Valuation  of  Real  F^.tate,  -        -        - 
Valuation  of  Personal  Estate, 

Total  Valuation,         -        -        .        . 

At  68  cents  per  SlOO, 

Number  of  Polls  28,018  at  81.50, 

Total  Tax  for  1850-51,      - 

Whole  amount  exnended  for  Schools,  - 

Proportion  of  Tax  expended  for  Schools, 


8102,827,500.00 
71,352,700.00 

17-1,1 80.200.00 

1,132,171.30 

42,544.50 

1,174,715.80 

311,404.95 

26.5  per  cont. 


S105,093,400.00 
^4,907,100.00 


7^ 


180,000,500.00 

1,224,003.40 

42,027.00 

1,200.030,40 

325,120.60 

25.7  per  cent. 


^ 


259 


A  TABULAR  REPRESENTATION 


OF   THK 


PRESENT    CONDITION    OF    BOSTON, 


IN    lUlLATION-    TO 


Railroad  Facilities,  Foreign    Commerce,    Population,    Wealth, 
Manufactures,  etc, ;  with  a  few  Statements  relative  to  the 

COMMERCE  OF  THE  CANADAS. 

Prepared  from  the  most  reliable  sources,  uiuhr  the  ilirectiun  if  a  Sub- Committee  of 
the  Joint  Special  Committee  on  the  liailrvofj  Cekbration. 


The  Ibllowing  statistics  have  been  eorapiled  with  as  much  care  and 
accuracy  as  the  limited  time  allowed  would  admit.  Even  when  not 
obtained  from  oficial  sources,  they  are  believed  to  be  nearly,  if  not 
p-irleotly,  correct. 

As,  ill  some  instances,  it  is  desij^ned  to  show  the  advantages  pos- 
sessed by  Boston,  as  compared  with  other  cities,  great  pains  has  been 
taken  to  make  tli>i  collection  as  impartial  as  possible,  and  to  give 
to  those  cities  the  benetit  of  prospective  improvements  in  their  com- 
munications with  the  Canadas  and  the  West. 

Much  labor  has  been  bestowed  upon  the  accompanying  map,  to 
make  it  as  accurate  as  the  best  available  sources  of  information  would 
permit.  No  doubt  errors  and  omissions  may  be  found  in  it ;  but  it  is 
believed  they  are  not  of  a  character  to  aifect  its  general  correctness. 

Free  use  has  been  made  of  an  article  on  "  Boston,  as  a  Commer- 
cial Metropolis,  in  I80O,"  by  E.  II.  Derby,  Esq.,  originally  published 
in  Hunt's  Merchants  Magazine,  for  November,  1850. 

At  the  close  of  the  pamphlet,  important  conclusions  are  drawn  from 
the  facta  it  contains,  and  to  these  -jnclusions,  with  accompanying 
summary  statements,  it  is  hoped  by  the  Committee,  that  special  atten- 
tion will  be  directed. 

E.  S.  CIIESBROUGH,  City  Fr>g!nea: 

Boston.  September  llih,  1851. 


260 


KAIL  WAYS    ANU    STKAMICUd. 

"The  growth  of  Boston  and  her  environs,  has  been  more;  ntpid 
durinn;  tin;  past  ten  years,  than  in  any  previous  decade.  The  Soutli 
has  ascrilied  her  proi^ress  prineipaliy  to  cotton  mills,  ]i,  eorunion 
Avith  eomineree,  the  ii-ilieries,  and  other  nianut'actnres,  these  iiave 
donhtless  eontribnted  to  her  increase;  but  the  cotton  business  grew 
more  rapidly  in  the  preceding  ten  years,  and  is  now  less  iinportiuit 
than  the  nianuf'aeture^  oi  leather." 

"  The  pr  .'inal  <•■':].•%  h.  s  undoubtedly  be"n  the  construction  of  rail- 
s.    T''e.-i'  ii.^v,,  ..',  ,ei 


V 


T''e.-  ^■  ii.^v,,  ,.',  ,ei  f^veat  facilities  to  litT  commerce,  enlarL^fd  her 


ij  i(!c!;';ants,  stimulated  every  branch  of  maiiuliiclure, 

■!   Ioj    bruses  and  stores,  and  advanced  the  value  of 

real  estate.     Sej, 


market,  attrui' 
created  a  'lemi 

.nber  •'',  1839,  there  were  but  oik;  hundred  and 
sixty-seven  miles  of  railway  adiating  from  Boston."  Jn  lsr>l,  iJos- 
ton  is  wedded  to  more  tlian  one  thousand  miles  of  railway  in  Massa- 
cliuseits,  more  than  eighteen  hundred  in  the  live  other  States  of  New 
England,  and  six  hundred  and  tifiy  more  in  New  York.  "In  all, 
three  thousand  miles.  In  September,  1830,  her  railway  horizon  was 
bounded  by  Salem,  Bradford,  Nashua,  and  Providence.  It  now  en- 
circles a  web  spreading  over  Massachusetts,  and  extending  to  the 
Kennebec,  the  St.  Lawrence  and  the  Lakes.  This  great  systeui  of 
railways  has  been  principally  planned  and  directed  by  her  sagacity. 
Boston  invested  largely  in  lines  to  the  North,  and  in  distant  railways, 
— tlK  Michigan  Central,  Mad  River,  Reading  and  "Wilmington  ;  and 
she  also  expended  five  millions  in  an  aijueduct,  and  as  much  more  on 
factory  cities.  The  aqueduct  has  been  in  operation  three  years.  Her 
last  investments  promise  to  be  remunerative,  and  will  bring  with  them 
a  strong  current  of  trade  from  newly  acquired  territory.  Kaili'oads 
have  become  the  great  interest  of  Boston,  and  her  investment  in 
them  exceeds  fifty  millions  of  dollars. 


2t)l 


From  tlie  American  Railw.i    Times,  of  July,  1851, 
NAMKS,    I,I:N>     'M,   AND    COST,    Of    N'KW    KSfiLAXU    RAFMtOADS. 


Niiini  •<  of  Bafhvnys. 

1 

es  in  ope-  ' 
eluding     i 

•'5 

»B 
—    3 

S    " 

Cost. 

~   B  ,• 

*? 

g-£ 

W.    •■ 

»§1 

°2. 

m 

No. 
cou 
tioi 

. 

Main 

e. 

Androscogpin. 

3G 

Androscog;.5iii  and  Kennebec, 

55 

«1,(;21    78 

Atlantic  and  St.  Lawrence, 

70 

86 

1,5'/  .0^  ) 

]iangor  and  Piscataquis, 

12 

;    v'Oo 

Bucklield  Branch, 

13 

370,0    J 

Calais  and  Baring, 

G 

1  10,()(>0 

Kennebec  and  Portland, 

54 

15 

1/     ^'^J 

Macliias  Port, 

8 

luU.uOO 

Portland,  Saoo  and  Portsmouth, 

52 

l,2'jy,04O 

York  and  Cumberland, 

11 

42 

oGO.OUO 

New  Ham^ 

psftire. 

Ashuelot, 

21 

510,000 

Boston,  Concord  and  Montreal, 

7G 

17 

1,567,073 

Cheshire, 

54 

2,584,143 

Cocheco, 

18 

500,000 

Concord, 

35 

1,385,788 

Concord  and  Clai'emont, 

26 

24 

5G0,G24 

Contocook  Valley, 

14 

219,450 

Eastern,  (included  in  Eastern 

(Mass.)  Railway  Company, 

operated  by  the  latter  Com- 

pany.) 

Great  Falls, 

3 

G0,000 

Great  Falls  and  Conway, 

12 

300,000 

Manciiester  and  Lawrence, 

20 

717,543 

New  Hampshire  Central, 

26 

000,000 

Northern, 

82 

3,U1G,G34 

Portsmouth  and  Concord, 

23 

17 

850,000 

Sullivan, 

25 

G73,500 

WiUjn, 

11 

600,000 

Vermont. 

Benni.jgton  Branch, 

Connecticut  and  Passumpsic,  60 

Rutland  and  Burlington,  119 

Rutland  and  Washington,  10 


6 

51 


100,000 
1,500,000 
3,155,250 

250,000 


262 

Troy  and  Kutluiid, 

&b 

S    550,000 

Vennont  Central, 

116 

5,081, 7  C? 

Vermont  and  Canada, 

38 

1,200,000 

Vfnuoiit  Valley, 

24 

500,nOo 

Western  ^''ernaont, 

53 

530,000 

Massachusetts. 

Berk.sliiro, 

21 

600,000 

l{oston  and  Lowell, 

28 

1,915,647 

Boston  and  Maine, 

83 

4,021,007 

Boston  and  rrovidence, 

53 

3,4 1  Gjii'io 

Boston  and  Worcester, 

Gii 

4,882,648 

Ca|)<3  Cod  Branch, 

20 

<;2r..543 

Coiuiecticut  River, 

52 

1,7'JN,.S25 

Dorchester  and  Milton, 

3 

128,172 

Eastern,  (includinf;  Eastern 

(Js.  11,)  which  is  operated 

by  the  tbrmer.) 

75 

3,624,152 

Essex, 

21 

537,809 

Fall  River, 

42 

1,068,167 

Eitclihnrg, 

G6 

3,552,2b3 

I'itchburjf  and  Worcester, 

14 

2.VJ,074 

Grand  Junction, 

6 

763,«.14 

Harvard  Branch, 

1 

26,213 

Lexington  and  West  Cambridge 

7 

242,161 

Lowell  and  Lawrence, 

12 

333,254 

Kashua  and  Lowell, 

15 

621,215 

Kew  Bedford  and  Taunton, 

21 

4D8.752 

]Sewbury|)ort, 

9 

106.H25 

Jsorfolk  County, 

26 

l,06O,9:)0 

Old  Colony, 

45 

2,293,535 

Peterboro'  and  Shirley, 

14 

272,647 

Pittslield  and  North  Adams, 

18 

443,678 

Providence  and  Worcester, 

43 

1,824,797 

Salem  and  Lowell, 

17 

316,943 

South  Reading  Branch, 

8 

231,601 

South  Shore, 

11 

420,434 

Stockbridge  and  Pittsfield, 

22 

448,700 

Stoney  Brook, 

13 

265,527 

Stoughton  Branch, 

4 

93,433 

Tauntisn  Branch, 

12 

307,136 

Troy  and  Greenlield, 

67 

Vermont  and  Massachusetts, 

77 

3,406,244 

Western, 

15G 

9,963,709 

West  Stockbridge, 

3 

41,516 

Worcester  and  Nashua, 

46 

1,410,198 

lihode  Island. 

Plainfield  and  Providence, 

30 

I'rovidence  and  Stonington, 

50 

2,614,1!34 

263 


► 


i 


I 


Connecticut. 

Collint,'.sville  Branch, 

Ilartionl  and  New  Haven, 

Ilrirtloid,  Providence  and  Fishklll, 

ilousatoiiic, 

IIuusatoni(!  Dranoli, 

Tkliddlc'town  Branch, 

Jsaugatuc, 

New  Haven  and  Northampton, 

New  London,  WiUiaiiiantic  and 

Pahncr, 
New  London  and  New  Haven, 
New  York  and  New  Haven, 
Norwich  and  Worcester, 
Stonington  and  New  London, 

Total  in  Connecticut, 


RECAPITULATION. 


11 

S  275,000 

69 

i,(;5o,ooo 

32 

l..')00.()0() 

110 

2,."i(i( ».()()() 

11 

275,000 

10 

250,0(10 

62 

2,000,000 

46 

1,500,000 

6G 

55 

1,250,000 

76 

,0,700,085 

66 

10 

2,5'J8,5U 

551 

65 

S17,498,5'J9 

Stnteti, 


Maine, 

New  Hampshire, 

Vermont, 

]\Iassachusetts, 

Rhode  Island, 

Connecticut, 


•^ 

« 

-  ._, 

e  . 

o. 

ii 

o 

B 

ii. 

./I  a 
o  o 

S^ 

as 

u,  =  - 

q 

o 

og 

r 

55  . 

i  3 

«3 

Coat. 


10 

281 

179 

S  6,095,5 18 

15 

455 

58 

10,115,755 

9 

360 

1C8 

13,407,013 

37 

1142 

07 

51,884,572 

2 

50 

30 

2,014.484 

13 

551 

2845 

05 
507 

17,498,599 

87 

S100,305,941 

!i] 


11 


)C,244 

33,70!) 

111,510 

10,198 


4,184 


2«4 


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»    1    I    1    1    1    ••    1    1    1    1 II 

11 1    1   .^  1    1    1    1   «*  "i   1    1  ♦-   1    1    1        1 

1 
• 

0                   0  "           0 

^-'                                  a     CI                    r/;                           r- 

1 

Q 

r 

Western,    - 

Boston  and  Worcester, 

Boston  and  Maine,     • 

Eastern,     -        -        - 

Fitchhurg, 

Boston  and  Providence, 

Cheshire, 

Norwich  and  Worcester 

Old  Colony,       - 

Boston  and  Lowell,   - 

Providence  and  Worces 

Connecticut  Kiver,     - 

Pall  Kiver, 

Nasliua  and  Lowell,  • 

Cape  Cod, 

New  Bedford  and  Taun 

Pittstidd  and  North  Ad 

Lowell  and  Lawrence, 

Taunton  Branch, 

Vcrmi"K  antl  Massac'hu 

Worc<stcr  and  Nashua, 

Norfolk  County, 

Salem  and  Lowell,     - 

Pitch!  iUfi;  and  Worccstc 

South  Kcading  Branch, 

0 
H 

^ 


I 


2()5 


i 

If; 

o 

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« 

^ 

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« 

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, 

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rt 

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S  r:  Ti 

■ft 

« 

o  —  n 

« 

—  (M 

o 

r> 

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f/> 

'/> 


(/J 


•  i-r 

' 

,_r  c  — 

^'-:^ 

1 

>  -^  . 

or:;  i 

^ 

»-3  ^  '^ 

■^ 

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0 

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c/i^oi 

[From  the  Diiily  Evening  Trttvolli'r.| 
8TEAMEKH. 

"  Till!  fbllowinp;  tables,  carefully  prepureil  from  olliciul  iloouinenls, 
will  show  the  ninount  of  freight  biisinesH,  which  has  hccii  tloiie  by  the 
IJritish  Cdtianl  li»ic  of  Steamships,  from  tho  time  when  the  line  oom- 
nieruHsd  niriiiir.;^  to  Hoston,  in   1«40,  to  (he  first  of  January  last. 

"  The  ori^^inal  desi^jn  contemplated  little  beyond  the  transportation 
of  the  mails  and  pa-ssen^^ers.  llenee,  the  freij^his  were  very  small 
during  the  (irst  year,  and  the  duties  trilling.  From  the  small  amount 
paid  in  1840,  namely,  2,028  dollars,  tho  duties  have  swelled  to 
1,322,383  dollars, — the  amount  paid  last  year.  The  smallest  amount 
ever  paid  by  any  one  steamer,  was  21)  dollars  and  38  cents  only,  by 
the  Acadia,  on  her  lirst  trip  in  1840.  The  largest  amount  was  paid 
by  the  America,  in  February,  18r)0,  namely,  217,483  dollars.  There 
have  be(!n  eight  arrivals  which  paid  over  100,000  dollars,  and  three 
which  hav(^  paid  over  200,000  dollars  each.  The  Ilibeniia,  tho 
Cambria,  and  the  Caledonia,  have  each  paid  over  a  million  of  dollars 
revenue  to  the  government.  It  is  probable  that  during  the  whole 
time,  the  steamers  have  brought  to  Boston,  12,000  passengers." 

TAULK, 

Showing  the  number  of  trips  matie  by  each  steamer  annually,  from 
1840,  to  1851,  and  the  amount  of  duties  paid  by  each,  during  tho 
year. 


Uutios  Paid. 


By  the  Acadia, 

Britannia, 

Caledonia, 

Acadia, 

Britannia, 

Caledonia, 

Columbia, 

Acadia, 

Britannia, 

Caledonia, 

Columbia, 

Acadia, 

Britannia, 

Caledonia, 

Columbia, 

Ilibernia, 

Acadia, 

Britannia, 

Caledonia, 

Hibernia, 


Year. 

1840, 

1841, 
1841, 
1842, 

1843, 
1844, 


No.  of  Trips. 

Amount. 

8 

$1,473.06 

8 

8G4.17 

2 

591.76 

fi 

21,312.94 

5 

14,592.32 

5 

10,925.37 

6 

20,978.60 

4 

21,417.48 

6 

46,415.32 

4 

23,492.65 

4 

29,649.22 

5 

133,617.53 

8 

103.817.84 

5 

132,845.24 

2 

33,932.11 

5 

236,359.33 

5 

198,511.04 

5 

186,289.29 

5 

172,900.68 

5 

358,497.29 

111 


I' 


'.  ( 


34 


266 


Diiliud  I'aid. 

Year. 

No.  of  Trips. 

Anioinit. 

By  the  Acadia, 

1845, 

2 

S'j;*, 5 1(1.05 

Britannia, 

4 

i52,-n;2.3.s 

Caledonia, 

4 

127,517,78 

Cambria, 

6 

oG  1,598.42 

Ilibernia, 

4 

28«,074.12 

Acadia, 

1840, 

1 

20,800.36 

Britannia, 

4 

140,351.23 

Caledonia, 

5 

171,701.50 

Cambria, 

5 

351,07'.).23 

Ilibernia, 

5 

34S,13'J.34 

Acadia, 

1847, 

1 

o7,510.12 

Britannia, 

4 

101,1110.70 

Caledonia, 

4 

140,104.07 

Cambria, 

5 

"•«2,'.i40.35 

Ilibernia, 

6 

471.404.54 

Acadia, 

1848, 

6 

i;')4,'.iG3.5a 

Britannia, 

4 

105,027.12 

Caledonia, 

3 

7i),;i  12.83 

Cambria, 

2 

70,473.14 

Ilibernia, 

2 

71,'.)51.3L 

Niagara, 

4 

142,!)30.00 

America, 

1 

15,200.00 

Eiiroi)a, 

1 

28,710.85 

America, 

1849, 

4 

252,71)1.93 

Caledonia, 

6 

13.S,1«0.5G 

Cambria, 

4 

19i),781».07 

Canada, 

1 

40,420.91 

Ilibernia, 

2 

02,522.08 

Kiagara, 

2 

172,034.27 

Kuropa, 

4 

95,902.79 

America, 

1850, 

4 

380,9«0.95 

Asia, 

2 

131,827.20 

Cambria, 

3 

81,275.75 

Canada, 

4 

93,192.15 

Ilibernia, 

3 

83,-l32.10 

Niagara, 

3 

444,795.05 

Europa, 

2 

100,579.50 

Asia, 

1851, 

1 

27,758.75 

America, 

5 

883,158.95 

Cambria, 

2 

50,0(57.55 

Canada, 

7 

588,147.15 

Europa, 

5 

472,102.45 

Niagara, 

3 

283,224.45 

267 


SUMMARY    OF   THE    FORKC.OING   TABLK. 


Year. 

Trips  Made. 

Duties  Paid. 

In  1840, 

8 

$     2,928.99 

In  1811, 

21 

73,809.23 

In  1842, 

18 

120,974.67 

In  1843, 

20 

640,572.05 

In  1844, 

20 

916,198.30 

In  1845, 

20 

1,022,992.75 

In  1846, 

20 

1,047,731.75 

In  1847, 

20 

1,199,971.78 

In  1848, 

22 

649,178.50 

In  1849, 

22 

961,708.51 

In  18a0, 

21 

1,322,383.30 

In  1851, 

23 

235 

1,805,059.30 

!J9,763,509.13 

I 


TABLE    OF   DISTANCES. 

Fiom  Liverpool,  via  Halifax. 

To  Halifax  by  Steamer,  -        -         -        . 

Quebec  (via  proposed  railroad  from  Halifax) 
Melbourne,       ------ 

Montreal,  ------ 

Toronto,  --_--. 

Detroit,  _.-___ 

Cbicago,  ------ 

Galena,  ------ 

Frotn  Liverpool,  via  Boston. 


2,500  miles- 

3,135     " 

3,225 

3,300 

3,620 

3,870 

4,150 

4,333 


ii 


2,900  miles- 
3.226     " 
3,100 
3,421 


To  Boston  by  Steamer,  ------ 

jNIontreal,  by  Railroad  from  Boston,    -         -         - 
Albany  "  "         "  -         .         . 

JiiitlUlo,  by  Railroad  from  Albany,      -         -         - 
Detroit,  tbrougli  Rochester,  Niagai'a  and  London, 

(C.W.)  ..-...-  3,671 
Cli'Vfland,  l)y  Railroad  through  Albany,  and  Bull'alo,  3,596 
Cliicasro,  via  Cleveland,      -----         3,9  17 

GalciKi, 4,130 

CiiiciimMli,  via  Bnilalo,  Cleveland  and  Columbus,  3..S52 

Si.  Louis,  via  Cleveland,  Bellet'ontaine  and  Indi- 

anajjolis,       -------         4,097 


a 


268 


From  Liverpool,  via  New  York. 

To  New  York  by  Steamer, 

Albany,  (by  Hudson  River  Railroad) 
Montreal,  by  shortest  i)roposed  route, 
Buffalo,  via  Albany,  -         -         _         -         - 

Detroit,   via  Albany,  Niagara  and  New  Lond*'n 

(C.  W.) 

To  Cleveland,  via  Philadelphia  and  Pittsburg  (short- 
est route,)     ------- 

Chicago,  via  Cleveland,     .        -        ,         -        - 
Galena,  ------- 

Cincinnati,  via  Philadelphia,  and  proposed  Rail- 
road through  Wheeling,  between  Pittsburg  and 
Columbus,    ------- 

St.  Louis,  via  Pittsburg  and  Bellefontaine,    - 


3,1  no  miles. 
0,244 
3,475 
S,oG5 

3,815 


3,683 
4,034 
4,217 


3,854 
4,139 


u 


Note.  In  the  Report  to  the  Stockholders  of  the  East  Boston  Company,  re- 
ceived after  the  above  table  was  prepared,  the  Agent  of  the  Cunard  line  of  Steam- 
ships, gives  the  distances  from  Liverpool,  by  Steamer,  as  follows,  viz: 

To  Halifax, 2,508  miles. 

To  Boston,  direct, 2,856       " 

To  New  York,  direct, 3,073       " 

Were  these  distances  adopted,  instead  of  those  in  the  table,  the  comparison 
would  be  still  more  favorable  to  Boston. 


The  following  statistics  were  taken  by  the  Day  and  Night  Police 
force,  on  Saturday,  September  6th,  1851,  under  the  direction  of  the 
City  Marshal.  The  force,  consisting  of  55  men,  was  stationed  at  CI 
o'clock,  A.  M.,  and  continued  w  thout  intermission  to  keep  regular 
count,  until  74  P.  M. 

The  vehicles  which  entered  the  City  by  the  various  routes,  not  in- 
cluding those  that  came  from  East  or  South  Boston,  numbered  G,G2C. 
The  number  that  went  out,  7,0G3. 

The  number  of  Railway  Passenger  Trains,  which  entered  the  City, 
was  IIG.  The  number  that  went  out,  120.  The  number  of  Freight 
Trains,  which  entered,  was  39.  The  number  that  went  out,  38. 
Total  Passenger  and  Freight  Trains,  313. 

41,729  persons  came  into  the  City,  and  42,313  persons  went  out, 
as  follows : 


CAME    IJf. 

WENT    OUT 

By  Passenger  Trains,    - 

11,963 

12,952 

Freight  Trains, 

308 

307 

Vehicles, 

14,942 

15,964 

On  Foot, 

14,310 

12,887 

On  Ilor.seback, 

127 

124 

With  Handcarts,    - 

79 

79 

Total, 


41,729  oersons.  42,313  persons. 


I 


In 

the  e 
also, 
find  1 
Fc 
sale  ( 
in  bo 
sales. 


269 


)0  miles. 

44  " 

75  « 

05  " 

15  « 

183  « 

»34  « 

:i7  " 


554    " 
139     " 


impany,  re- 
3  of  Stcam- 


JS. 


comparison 


FOUEIGN    COMMERCE. 


it  Police 
on  of  the 
led  at  G?, 
^  regular 

s,  not  in- 
ecl  6,G26. 

the  City, 

■  Freight 

out,   38. 

Ivent  out, 


fr 


Year. 

Forciprn 
Arrivals. 

Imports. 

Exports. 

Duties. 

1842 

1,738 

S12,G33,713 

$7,220,104 

82,780,186 

1843 

1.710 

20,662,507 

7,265,712 

3,491,019 

1844 

2,174 

22,141,788 

8,294,726 

5,934,945 

1845 

2,305 

21,591,877 

9,370,851 

5,249.634 

1840 

2,090 

21,284,800 

8,245,524 

4,87'J,570 

1847 

2,739 

28,279,651 

12,118,587 

5,448,302 

1848 

3,009 

23,388,475 

10,001,819 

4,908.872 

1849 

3,111 

24,117,175 

8,843,974 

5,031,995 

18.50 

2,885 

29,909,370 

9,332,306 

0,127,817 

1851 

2,872 

31,850,558 

9,342,336 

6,496,527 

SHIPPING    OF   I50ST0N. — TONNAGE. 


Year. 

Registered. 

Enrolled. 

Total. 

1842 

157,116 

36,385 

193,.502 

1843 

165,482 

37,110 

202,599 

1844 

175,330 

35,554 

210,885 

1845 

187,812 

37,290 

228,103 

1846 

192,879 

42,185 

235,004 

1847 

210,775 

44,038 

254,812 

1848 

232,769 

45,100 

277,809 

1849 

247,336 

45,123 

292,459 

1850 

270,710 

42,482 

313,192 

1851 

298,770 

44,532 

343,308 

■persons. 


FISHERIES. 

In  1849,  204,000  barrels  of  Whale  and  Sperm  Oil,  three  fifths  of 
the  entire  Fishery  of  the  Union,  were  brought  into  INIassachusetts ; 
also,  231,856  barrels  of  Mackerel.  A  large  portion  of  these  imports 
find  their  way  to  Boston. 

For  more  than  a  century,  Boston  has  been  the  chief  mart  for  the 
sale  of  dried  Fish,  and  a  large  proportion  of  the  Fishermen  engaged 
in  both  the  Cod  and  Mackerel  fishery,  resort  to  Boston,  for  outfits  and 
sales. 


270 


CATTLK    TRADE. 


Livrge  sales  of  Live  Stock  are  made  weekly  at  Bricliton,  near  l^os- 
toii,  ]>roiiglit  j)rinoipally  from  other  States,  by  Eailway.  j\Iaiiv 
Horses  are  also  brought  by  the  same  conveyanee.  Cattle  are  killed 
in  the  environs. 


i 


SALES    AT   lUlIGIITON. 
[Coinpilcd  from  the  Daily  Advcrtisor.] 


Year. 

Beef  Cattle. 

Store  Cattle. 

Sheep. 

Swine. 

Total  osfimated 
uiuouiit  ijf  sales. 

1845 

48,910 

13,275 

107,9  GO 

5G,890 

S1,893,G48 

I84G 

38,G70 

15,1G4 

105,350 

44,940 

1,871,113 

1847 

48,425 

20,738 

133,550 

G2,015 

2,719,462 

1848 

40,784 

20,550 

14G,755 

87,G90 

2,830,302 

1819 

4G,4G5 

20,085 

148,955 

80,120 

2,97G,2G5 

1850 

42,830 

27,820 

1G4,170 

78,330 

2,989,902 

1851 

53,020 

23,810 

183,880 

80,830 

3,502,320 

Another  large  Market  for  Cattle  and  other  Live  Stock,  is  now  l)cld 
weekly  at  Cambridge.  Large  quantities  of  Pork  in  bulk  are  in  the 
winter  conveyed  by  railway  to  Boston,  from  the  interior  of  New 
York. 


KXPAXSIOX    or    BOSTON. 

*'  A  peninsula  less  than  one  square  mile  in  extent,  was  soon  found 
insullicient  for  Boston  ;  and  the  State,  in  1804,  annexed  to  her  Dor- 
chester Point,  a  peninsula  containing  about  six  hundred  acres.  To 
this  she  is  wedded  by  two  travelh'd,  besides  railroad,  bridges.  At  a 
latter  period,  ferries  were  established  to  Noddle's  Island,  an  area  of 
six  hundred  acres,  and  this  island  now  forms  a  ward  of  the  city,  ant 
is  named  East  Boston.  Some  hundred  acres  have  als.j  been  reclaimed 
from  the  sea;  but  these  narrow  limits,  less  than  two  miles  square, 
proved  entirely  inadequate,  and  lia'.e  been  long  exceeded." 

"The  population  of  Boston,  outside  of  her  chartered  limits,  already 
equals  the  population  within.  "We  should  do  injustice  to  Boston, 
•v'cre  we  to  conline  lier  to  such  narrow  bouiids,  or  within  such  arbitra- 
ry i'lies.  Her  true  limits  as  a  commerci.'il  metropolis,  are  tlio^e 
marked  out  by  her  business  men  for  their  stores,  piers,  sho|)s  and 
rWflfiii^s — the  spaci  occu[)ied  by  those  who  resort  daily  to  her  hanks 
aiui  \v;'"-hou>(s.  •  .neet  at  her  exchange.  How  is  it  with  her  sister 
citi'S?  Philudclpliia,  by  the  last  census,  embraced  within  her  char- 
leud  limits  less  \l  an  luilf  her  inhabitants;  the  residue  were  dill'nscd 
thr  ."icli  ibe  extoiisive  districts  of  Spring  Garden,  Moyamensing,  and 


3,(348 


iitj,  ill). I 

.'claimed 

square, 

already 

I  r>ostoii, 

J  a  rb  it  ra- 
le   tllO^O 

l)])s  and 
Ir  lumks 
li-  si.'iter 
It  cliar- 
Iditriised 
Inji,  and 


271 


Northern  Liberties.     She  virtually  extends,  under  ditlerent  charters, 
from  llichinond,  six  ndles  down  the  Deliuvare." 

"New  York  reaches  fourteen  miles  i'rom  King's  Bridge  to  tli" 
Battery." 

^'j^tiw  Orleans  embraces  three  distinct  municipalities,  on  the  cres- 
cent of  the  Mississippi." 

"London,  the  (juecu  of  commerce,  contains  but  six  hundred  acres, 
and  less  than  one  hundred  and  thirty  thousand  ))eople  in  her  chartered 
limits ;  but  her  streets  stretch  eight  miles  on  the  Thames.  "Witiiin 
her  metr()])olitan  districts  are  eighteen  sipiare  miles  of  buildings,  and 
three  millions  of  people." 

"  Boston,  with  less  scope  than  New  York,  has,  like  New  Orleans, 
Philadelphia  and  London,  overstept  her 'sea  girt  isles.'  She  has  at- 
tached herself  to  the  main  by  one  wide  natural  avenue,  the  Neck, 
paved  and  ])lanted  with  trees  ;  by  one  granite  structure,  the  Western 
Avenue,  u  mile  and  a  half  in  lengtii ;  by  six  biidges,  seven  railways, 
and  three  ferries,  one  terminating  in  a  railway.  Seven  railways 
branch  into  sixteen,  and  ten  avenues  divide  into  thirty,  within  the 
first  nine  miles  from  her  Exchange.  Tliese  diverge  like  a  fan,  and 
on  the  streets  thus  made,  is  found  a  large  population  under  separate 
municipalities.  As  land  rises  in  value,  hotels,  oilices,  and  blocks  of 
stores  usurp  the  place  of  dwellings.  The  old  residents,  leaving  the 
low  and  reclaimed  land  to  foreign  laborers,  plant  themselves  in  the 
suburbs.  There  they  build  tasteful  houses,  with  ilower  ])lats  and  gar- 
dens, availing  of  the  frequent  omnibuses,  or  of  special  trains,  run 
almost  hourly,  and  commuting  for  passage  at  S20  to  S40  a  year,  they 
reach  their  stores  and  oilices  in  the  mornin'jr,  and  at  night  sleep  with 
their  wives  and  chihlren  in  the  suburbs.  No  time  is  lost,  for  they 
read  the  morning  and  evening  journals  as  they  go  and  return.  Some 
of  the  wards  appropriate  for  stores,  thus  rise  in  value,  but  diminish 
in  population.  The  suburbs  extend,  and  the  commercial  connnunity 
grows  in  a  widening  semicircle." 

Dr.  Lardner  well  remarks,  in  his  late  treatise  on  railways,  "Tl, 
population  of  a  great  capital  is  condensed  into  a  small  compass.  1 
the  dilliculty  and  inconvenience  of  passing  over  long  distances ;  In  nyo 
has  arisen  the  denseiy  populated  state  of  great  cities  like  London 
Paris.  If  the  speed,  by  which  persons  can  be  tran>[)ort(.'d  from  ] 
to  place,  be  doubled,  the  same  population  can,  without  inconvenii 
be  spread  over  four  times  the  area;  if  the  speed  bu  tripled,  > 
occupy  nine  tini.'s  the  area." 

"  Boston,  the  first  of  our  American  cities  to  adopt  improved  modes 
of  locomotion — instance  her  early  Stages,  her  ]\Iiddlesex  Canal,  and 
Quincy  Railway, — is  entitled  to  avail  of  tht'se  laws  of  science,  and  in 
computing  her  population  and  wealth,  should  endjrace  the  surround- 
ing districts  within  nine  miles,  or  half  an  hour's  distance,  equivalent 
to  a  two  miles'  walk  from  her  exchange." 


I  nil 


'.'.i    .!■ 


I|l! 


272 


TABLE    OF   INCnEASK     OP 


POPULATrON    AND    WEALTH    OF   BOSTON 
AND    VICINITY, 


The  following  taMe  exhibits  the  population  and  wealth  of  the  metro- 
politian  district  of  lioston,  by  the  census  and  valuation  of  1850  and 
1840,  with  the  rrowth  of  each. 

Tiiis  district  is  sixteen  miles  in  length,  by  nine  and  a  half  average 
width ;  about  one  fourth  of  it  is  occupied  by  water,  rnarsh,  or  rocky 
hills,  too  steep  for  building. 


Popula- 

Popula- 

Popula- 

Distunco 

tion  by 

tion  by 

tion  liy 

Asses.sed  Valu- 

AsscH.fcd V.ilu- 

Name  of  District. 

frnni  Ex- 

State 

U.  States 

State 

ation,  1840. 

atiiin,  18,ji>, 

change. 

Census, 
1840. 

Censu.-), 
1810. 

Census, 
18M. 

Doston, 

83,979 

'j3,383 

138,788 

$  94,581,600 

3179,525,000 

Koxbury, 

2 

8,310 

9,087 

18,316 

3,257,503 

13,712,800 

Cliarlcstown, 

2 

10,872 

11,484 

15,933 

4.033,176 

8,862,250 

C!uul)ri(l<rc, 

3 

8,127 

8,409 

14,825 

4,479,501 

11,4.34,4.58 

Brookline, 

3 

1,123 

1,365 

2,353 

743,963 

5,382,000 

Chelsea, 

3 

.1,182 

2,390 

6,151 

696,781 

3,472,650 

Dorf'hester, 

4 

4.458 

4,875 

7,578 

1,691,245 

7,199,750 

Miildr", 

4 

3,027 

3,351 

.5,017 

586,136 

1,461,436 

Mcdi'ovd, 

4 

2,2V.5 

2,478 

3,581 

1,095,195 

2,128,470 

Bri^'liton, 

5 

1,405 

1,425 

2,253 

458,485 

1,146,212 

Soinurville, 

5 

new 

new 

3,110 

new 

2,778,125 

West  Cai.i bridge, 

5 

1,338 

1,363 

2,120 

472,423 

2,330,281 

North  Clielsea, 

5 

new 

new 

819 

new 

772,000 

Mch-osc, 

5 

new 

new 

1,190 

new 

4S'!,419 

Watertown, 

6 

1,896 

1,810 

2,592 

973,835 

2,014,100 

Winelicster, 

6 

new 

now 

1,320 

new 

80t-.432 

Stoneham, 

G 

1.007 

1,017 

2,043 

217,960 

539,000 

Milton, 

7 

1,C84 

1,822 

2,222 

663,247 

1,200,800 

AVoliurn, 

1 

2,931 

2,993 

3,788 

987,388 

2,241,144 

Quincy, 

8 

3,309 

3,486 

4,958 

912.105 

2.200.000 

8angus, 

8 

1.212 

1,098 

1,505 

208,856 

359,305 

Dcdham, 

9 

3,157 

3,290 

4,379 

1,218,.548 

3,509,180 

Newton, 

9 

3,027 

3,351 

5,017 

897,255 

3,793,083 

Walthani, 

9 

2,593 

2504 

4,483 

1,069,171 

2,973,750 

Lexington, 

9 

1,559 

1,642 

1,920 

561,549 

1,409,551 

Lynn, 

9 

9,075 

9,367 

13,613 

1,319,650 

4,191,648 

I58,54fi 

171,992 

269,874 

S  120,114,574 

S  266,646,844 

f 

i 


273 


CITY    TAXKS. 

The  Amount  Assessed  for  Taxes  has  been  as  follows ; 


79,525,000 
13,712,800 
8,81)2,250 
11,434,458 
5,382,000 
3,472,650 
7,llt'J,750 
1,461,436 
2,128,470 
1,146,212 
2,778,125 
2,330,281 
772,000 
4S3,419 
2,014,100 
86f;.432 
539,000 
1,200,800 
2,241,144 
2,200,000 
359,305 
3.509,180 
3,793,083 
2,973,750 
1,409,551 
191,648 

16,646,844 


1^ 


- 

Years. 

Anioimt   of  tux 

RiWQ  on 

l'ro]ii'i-lv  ;i<>l'.->(h1. 

iii'Sesscd.* 

■^1,000. 

1840 

$51G,742 

S  5.50 

■&  94,581,600 

1811 

G1G,412 

G.OO 

98,006,600 

1812 

607,770 

5.70 

105,723,700 

1843 

712,379 

G.20 

110,056,000 

1844 

741,210 

6.00 

118,150,;.00 

1845 

811,338 

5  70 

135,948,700 

184G 

931,'J'J8 

6.90 

141,839,600 

1847 

1,014,674 

G.OO 

162,360,400 

1848 

1,131,821 

G.50 

167,728,000 

184-) 

1,174,715 

6.50 

171,180,200 

1850 

1,236,030 

6.80 

179,525,000 

1851 

1,358,296 

7.00 

137,947,000 

*  The  amount  of  tax  assessed  iucludes  the  Toll  Tax. 


Number  of  Polls,  iiiid  Stiite  Valuatiuu  ul'  Personal  and   Keal  Estate 
in  Massaehuselts,  for  the  rears  1810  and  ISTjO. 


Valu.vtiox  of  1840. 

Vai.Uatiox  or   1850. 

ClMJNTIES. 

Polls. 

Property. 

Polls. 

Pro[Jcrty. 

Sulfolk, 

19,078 

^110,000,000.00 

33,705 

§217,587,172.00 

Essex, 

24,006 

31,110,204.00 

30,816 

56,5.-»(l,.l  66.89 

Midillesex, 

28,045 

37,592,082,00 

39,819 

S3,2';4,7 19.50 

Worcester, 

25,859 

29,804,316.00 

34,671 

55,497,794.00 

Hampshire, 

7,934 

7,298,351.00 

8,855 

13,331,2  10.00 

Hampden, 

9,935 

10,188,423.71 

I3,4;u> 

22,621,220.77 

Franklin, 

7,500 

0,548,694.00 

7,866 

11,211,309.00 

Berkshire, 

10,911 

9,546,926.70 

12,264 

I7,r.i7,607.<io 

Norfolk, 

14,041 

15,522,527.00 

l'J,630 

47,034,521.56 

Bristol, 

14,821 

19,493,685.84 

18,382 

39,243.560.00 

Plymouth, 

12,140 

10,694,719.00 

14,410 

19,200,668.00 

Uarnstable, 

8,002 

4.896,683.00 

8,104 

.S,897.3  19.74 

Dukes, 

1,104 

1,107,343.00 

1,162 

1,698,005.00 

\;inluekel, 

2,532 

6,071,374.00 

2,01!) 

1,590,36  2.i>o 

'lokil. 

185,908 

•?299,878,329.31 

245.142 

$597,030,995.  Id 

!     ■    ?'^ 


I 


K> 


274 


MANUFACTURES  OF  MASSACHUSr.TTS. 

The  products  of  the  principal  branches  in  1845  were, — 

Miscellaneous, $19,357,000 

Boots,  Shoes  and  Leather, 18,035,000 

Cotton  Goods,  (817,473  spindles)     ...        -  12,193,000 

Woollen  and  Worsted  Goods,  -        ...         -  10,366,000 

Manufactures  of  Wood,  including;  ships  and  carriages,  11,596,000 

Manufactures  of  Metals,  Tools,  &c.,           -        -        -  8,024,000 

Oil,  Candles  and  Soap, 4,931,000 

Hats,  Caps  and  Bonnets, 2,384,000 

Paper, 1,750,000 

Cordage, 906,000 

■'':,lass, 758,000 

To:al, $91,000,000 

No  valuation  of  the  same  products  has  been  taken  since  1845,  but 
it  is  believed  their  increase  since  that  time,  is  not  less  than  30  per 
cent. 


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18,035,000 

12,193,000 

10,366,000 

11,596,000 

8,024,000 

4,931,000 

2,384,000 

1,750,000 

906,000 

758,000 

91,000,000 

1845,  but 
ban  30  per 


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•27(1 


Stntnvrnt  of  the  viitjrnidfe  value  of  /iiiparls  into  Ihc  /  nifcl  Sfrifrs, 
from  Cdiimlti,  as  cntr.reil  in  the  Custom  /louse  J.'ooLs,  at  t/w  J"/louuiii/ 
jHnis  of  e^diij^for  tltc  yecw  ciuluif/  JJcetvilnr  31*/,  iy.")(>. 

1*.  11^  i"/'IT        ... 


Dislrici  lui'l  I'di  I  of  (  lii(':i,','(», 

District  anil  I'drt  <  I'  Dclioit, 

JJi.-tricl  of  iMiaini  iiiul  I'ort  ol"  'rolodn,  ... 

District  niid  Tort  of  Sandusky, 

District  of  Ciiv.'dio^ja  and  I'ort  ol'  Cleveland. 
Dislricf  ol'  rrcsiiiK!  \Av.  and  Port  of  Krie,      -  -         - 

District  tiiid  Port  of  IjiiM'alo  Crcid^,        -         .         -         - 
District  of  KiaLrara  and  J'ort  of  I.«!\viston,      -         -         - 
District  of  Gcni.'sce  and  Port  of  lioclioster,    -         -         - 
District  and  Port  of  Oswego,         .         -         .         -         - 
l)i-.tricl  and  Poit  of  Sackctt's  Ifarbor,    -         -         -         - 
District  and  Port  ol'  Cape  N'inccnt,         -         -         -         . 
District  of  Oswo^iiitcliio  and  Port  of  Ogdonsburg,    - 
J)istrict  of  Cliaiiiplain  and  Port  of  Plattsbnrf^, 
District  of  Vermont  and  Port  of  l»urlin;rton, 
District  of  P)atli,  in   ^Mainc,   including   lino   of  Canada 
Pailroad,  .-.---.- 


S 


li'.,771 

ni,i.vj 

'2;]7,177 

2,.s;il 

44<i,i)(JO 

(;i,s()7 

lot  MM) 

2,0,s7,(;'J2 

L'G.l.'l? 

:*;),(  )7'.) 
2ii,')2:. 
;;  14  ,;■.:),' 

82 1,(11)1 

4,Hf,r. 


Total,    - 


-   #4,;")2l,;)(l(; 


COMMI'KCK    Ol-    CANADA,    1 8')0, 


Great  Britain, 

North  American  Colonics,. 
British  "NVcst  Indies,       .     . 
United  States  of  America, 
Other  Foreign  Countries,  . 

Total, 


EN  I'lIITS. 


ii-  G,O«.0,111).Uj  !  *  l),(;;>l.'.)2(J.«t» 
80H,77G.2;)  ^Jsrj.Oi'J.'JO 


8,:]  7  COO 

4,!):)l,lo!).r)8 

108,281.27 


SI  1,0  01,712.1 5 


•!,4:)i..sr. 
f).:)i)4.8(;(i.-i8 


«lG,982,0(;8.7o 


2t  i 


v/  Stnffx, 
folloti'iii;/ 

i(;,77i 
;h,i.vj 

2o7,177 
L>,s;!| 

(;i,s()7 

10(1,1  s',) 

?,(i,s7,(;22 

:.'(5,i;i7 

:»r.,()7ii 

821,0'Jl 


4,«r,r. 


4,r)2t.;!(ii; 


ll.'.)2<).fS(> 

<.").(;ni.iiii 

ii.,s(;n.48 
,>,2i,'..(;7 

S2,()(;s.7o 


;li()\v  lliMt 

IJnilniiul, 

itcs  liuvc 

)()(».     To 

Kailniiul. 

of  alioiit 

(1(1(1.(1(1(1. 

iclniscll.-;, 

idioiiiiiig 


States,  wpi'o  ^0.903,328.  'J'lie  noxt  pnrninp;a  tlurincj  tlio  Pamc  titno, 
were  *.!,  180,3  17.  The  cost  of  tlu  ■  ads  was  *r);;,2(;  t,()<)().  The 
net  iiiconic  was  tlicret'on!  nion'  than  y>  \ur  fciit.  on  tli(i  total  co-t. 

Tin'  imrnlitT  of  passi'iij^crs  tran.sporlcd  ov(.'r  tliu.-'i'  Koads  (hniiii^  tlio 
same,  time,  was  8,1)73,081,  winch  ^dvcs  an  uvcru;ii!  of  28,7 tU  a  day, 
for  .'»12  days. 

The  ainnial  amount  of  duties,  paid  on  f'rei;^ht  l»roiiijht  hy  the  Ciniard 
Steamers  to  IJoston,  shows  a  constant  yearly  increase  from  S7.i,801), 
in  1811,  to  »1,322,383,  in  I8r)(),  rxeept  for  the  year  IS  18,  when  the 
New  York  freifiht  by  the  Steamers  ceased  to  pa.-s  throngh  I'oston, 
and  theainonnt  of  duties  declined  i'rom  81,1011,072  to  S(;nCl7s. 

Assuming  liiverpool  as  the  starting  point  from  I'airopc,  for  the 
trade  of  the  Canadas  and  the  (ireat  West,  the  ''Tabic  of  Distances" 
shows  that  IJoston  is  on  the  shortest  route,  for  a  very  extensive  terri- 
tory, including  the'  cities  of  Montreal,  Albaiij,  Dnlfalo,  Cleviiand, 
Kingston,  Toronto,  Detroit,  Chicago,  St.  I.onis  and  Galena.  It'  tiie 
exa(!t  distances  acro-s  the  Atlantic,  given  by  the  Agent  of  the  (."(mard 
Line,  and  the  improvements  they  an;  making  between  Albany  and 
liutl'alo,  l)y  which  it  is  said  the  present  travelled  route  will  be  short- 
ened 30  miles,  be  taken  into  account,  even  Cincinnati  will  be  00  miles 
nearer  Liverpool,  through  Boston,  than  through  any  other  impoi'tant 
seaport.  If  Cincinnati  be  nearer,  it  follows  that  every  other  point 
below  on  the  Ohio  River  must  be.  These  are  natural  adviintages, 
which  .an  accurate!  ktiowledge  of  the  geographical  position  of  IJoston, 
and  of  th(!  to[)ograpliical  features  of  tlu^  territory  embraced  in  this 
comparison,  will  show,  can  never  be  taken  from  this  City. 

As  Steamers  on  the  Ocean,  and  Railways  on  Land,  arc  now  the 
modes  which  must  be  adopted  by  all  who  would  compote  successfully 
fur  die  conunerce  of  Great  I'ritaiu  and  this  Country,  nothing  but  a 
failure  of  that  enterprise  which  has  ever  characterized  this  Cily  can 
prevent  Boston  from  securing  her  full  share. 

The  Foreign  Commerce  of  Boston,  including  exports  and  imports,  has 
increased  from  S19,8o0,817  in  1842,  to  ^30,241,(582  in  18.jO.  Its  Ship- 
ping has  increased  during  the  same  time,  from  103,502  tons,  to  312.102 
tons.  The  expansion  and  growth  of  population  and  wealth  of  Boston 
and  the  neighboring  towns,  in  which  the  families  of  so  many  of  her 
business  men  reside,  has  been  very  remarkable  during  the  la.>t  ten 
years.  In  184(),  the  population  of  this  district  was,  by  tlie  State  Cen- 
sus, 158,540  ;  by  the  same  Census  in  1850,  it  was  200,874,  The 
assessed  valuation  in  1840,  was  Sr20,l  14,574,  in  1850  it  was  8200,- 
040,844.  This  population  and  wealth  must  ijreserve  to  Bu.-ton  her 
station  among  the  three  first  cities  of  the  Union. 

The  rapid  growth  of  Boston  and  vicinity,  has  not  been  at  the  ex- 
pense of  the  rest  of  the  State  ;  for  the  popidation  of  ^Massachusetts 
has  increased  from  737,700  in  1840,  to  048,005  in  1850,  by  the  U. 
S.  Census;  and  her  property  valuation,  from  S229, 828,300,  to  *597,- 
030,005,  or  about  double  the  former  amount. 

The  imports  from  Canada,  by  Inland  Ports  into  this  Country,  have 
increased  in  value,  from  S5,2()4,  in  1840,  to  81,800,030,  for  three 
quarters  of  1850,  or  to  about  82,500,000  per  annum.  If  this  remark- 
able increase  took  place  before  our  Railway  system  reached  the  Can- 


"  I 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


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278 


adas,  what  may  not  be  expected,  now  that  it  is  completed  and  in 
operation  both  to  Montreal  and  to  Ogdensburg  ? 

On  the  accompanying  map  will  be  found  a  plan  of  "  Boston  Har- 
bor and  Railroad  Termini."  An  inspection  of  it  will  show  how  all 
the  Railroads  entering  the  City  have  been,  or  may  be,  connected,  by 
means  of  the  Grand  Junction  Railroad,  and  the  proposed  Horse 
Track  along  the  heads  of  the  wharves  in  the  City  Proper.  As  the 
increasing  commerce  of  the  City  will  require  enlarged  wharf  facili* 
ties,  this  plan  will  show  the  extent  of  water  front,  partially  or  wholly 
unoccupied,  in  South  and  East  Boston,  in  both  of  which  it  is  proposed 
to  extend  greatly  the  lines  of  wharves  and  docks,  so  that  the  accommo- 
dations for  shipping  may  be  kept  equal  to  the  greatest  probable  de- 
mand. The  Harbor  of  Boston  has  ,  sufficient  water  front,  susceptible 
of  improvement,  to  accommodate  all  the  shipping  of  the  Union. 


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279 


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GOVERNMENT 

OF  TUB 


CITY  OF  BOSTON, 


1851. 


MAYOR, 


JOHN  PRESCOTT  BIGELOW. 


ALDERMEN, 

HENRY  BROMFIELD  ROGERS, 
BILLINGS  BRIGGS, 
MOSES  GRANT, 

HENRY  MANNING  HOLBROOK, 
ABEL  B.  MUNROE, 
CALVIN  WHITING  CLARK, 
MOSES  KIMBALL, 
BENJAMIN  SMITH. 


f 


1 


COMMON    COUNCIL, 

FRANCIS  BRINLEY,  President. 
Ward  No.  1. 


John  Cuflhing, 
James  G.  Hovey, 


Cyrus  Washbum, 
James  B.  Allen, 


Solomon  Carter, 
Hiram  Bosworth, 


Joel  M.  Holden, 
Charles  H.  Steams. 


Ward  No.  2. 


William  H.  Calrow, 
Richard  Shackford. 


Ward  No.  3. 


Thomas  Sprague, 
Andrew  Abbott. 


280 


Ward  No.  4. 


Asa  Swallow, 
Henry  J.  Gardner, 


Benjamin  Bcal, 
Avery  Plumcr,  Jr., 


Henry  Lincoln, 
John  P.  Putnam, 


Francis  Brinley, 
James  W.  Se/er, 


John  M.  Wright, 
Daniel  N.  Haskell, 


Ward  No. 


James  Lawrence, 
Harvey  Jewell. 


Abraham  G.  Wyman, 
Ezekiel  Kendall. 


Ward  No.  6. 


Charles  Brown, 
Ebenezer  Dale. 


Ward  No.  7. 


David  Chapin, 
John  B.  Dexter,  Jr. 


Ward  No.  8. 


Oliver  B.  Dorrance, 
Francis  C.  Manning. 


Ward  No.  9. 


Newell  A.  Thompson, 
Edward  S.  Erving, 


Francis  Richards, 
Peter  C.  Jones. 


Ward  No.  10. 


Ezra  Lincoln, 
Aaron  H.  Bean, 


Otis  Kimball, 
Edward  Reed. 


Ward  No.  11. 


Bradley  N.  Cumings, 
Albert  T.  Minot, 


Andrew  J.  Loud, 
Theodore  P.  Hale. 


Ward  No.  1± 


Jdsiah   Dunham,  Jr., 
Joseph  Smith, 


Samuel  1>.  Cniuc, 
Zibeon  Soutiiard. 


r 


I 


281 


SCHOOL    COMMIT  '1^  E  E 


John  P.  Bigelow,  Major,  Chairman ,  }  j,    ^  .. 

Francis  Brinley,  Prtn.  Common  Cointcil,  J    '•'^^iP^"^' 

Ward  No.  l....Rev.  Edward  Becchcr, 
Benson  Leavitt. 

2....T)r.  William  H.  Thorndike, 
Silas  B.  Ilalm. 

3. ...Dr.  Edward  D.  G.  Palmer, 
llev.  Pharccllus  Church. 

4.... Rev.  Samuel  K.  Lothro]), 
llev.  Hubbard  Winslow. 

.').... Frederick  Emerson, 
Loring  Norcmss. 

6.... Sampson  Reed, 
Frederick  U.  Tracy. 

7.... Hamilton  Willis, 

Dr.  Zabdicl  B.  Adams. 

8.... Rev.  J.  I.  T.  Coolidgc, 
Samuel  W.  Bates. 

9.. ..Joseph  M.  Wightman, 
Samuel  E.  Guild. 

10. ...Rev.  Joseph  B.  Felt, 

Rev.  George  M.  Randall. 

11... .William  H.  Foster, 
George  Eaton. 

12....Alvan  Simonds, 
Francis  Alger. 

Samuel  F.  McClcary,  Jr.,  Sccrefari/. 

3G 


Adc 


Arri' 


Arri; 
Arri\ 

Bald> 
Baral 
Bigcl 


Bigcl( 
Bosto 


Boutw 


IIVDEX. 


Address  of  William  Sclioulcr,  Esq.,  to  the  President, 

Gov.  Boutwcll  to  the  President,        .... 
Hon.  Henry  Wilson  to  the  President,  on  his  arrival, 
Hon.  Henry  Wilson  to  the  President,  on  his  departure, 
Lieut.  Col.  Heard  to  the  President,  on  his  arrival, 
Lieut.  Col.  Heard  to  the  President,  on  his  departure, 
Mr.  Mayor  Bigelow  to  Lord  Elgin,  on  his  arrival, 
Mr.  Mayor  Bigelow  to  the  President,  on  his  arrival, 
Hon.  Marshall  P.  Wilder  to  the  President, 
the  Mayor  of  Roxbury  to  the  President, 
the  Canadian  Guests  to  the  City  Authorities 

Arrival,  at  Boston  Neck,  of  the  President, 
Dorchester,  of  the  President, 
Fall  River,  of  the  President, 
Newport,  of  tiie  President, 

Arrivals  at  the  Hotels,       ... 

Arrival  of  Lord  Elgin  and  Suite, 

Baldwin,  Hon.  Roger  S.,  Letter  from, 
Baralgette,  Hon.  John,  Letter  from, 
Bigelow,  Mr.  Mayor,  Address  of,  to  Lord  Elgin, 
Address  of,  to  the  President, 
Speech  of,  at  Pavilion, 
Bigelow,  Rev.  Dr.  Andrew,  Prayer  of,  at  Pavilion, 
Boston,  Borough  of,  in  England,  transmission  of  Seals,  &c.,  from, 
City  of,  Tabular  representation  of  condition  of, 
Commerce,  &c.,  of,  ... 

Growth  of,  &c.,         .... 

Taxes  in, 

City  Government  of,         ... 
School  Committee  of,       -        -        - 
Number  of  arrivals  in,  and  departures  from,  on  a  particu- 
lar day, 
Boutwell,  Gov.    Sec  Address. 

General  Order  of. 

Presentation  of  Hon.  Charles  M.  Conrad  to. 
Presentation  of  Hon.  A.  H.  H.  Stewart  to. 
Presentation  of  Hon.  Daniel  Webster  to,    - 

President's  visit  to, 

Speech  of,  at  Pavilion,       .... 


Pago. 
47 
71 
53 

187 
49 

187 
94 
63 
5,5 
58 

192 
59 
55 
53 
47 
51 
93 

210 
212 
94 
63 
160 
150 
203 
259 
269 
270 
273 
279 
281 

268 

45 
75 

77 

73 

72 

169 


2S4 


Burns,  Hon.  11.  K.,  J^uUer  iVom,  .... 

Ciinnda,  Imports  into  tlie  I'nitfd  States  from,  in  certain  years. 

Commerce  of,  in  IS.'iO, 

Canadian  Guests,  Addnss  of, 

Mccliiij^  of,     ...... 

Ceremonies,  Proclamation  of  order  of,        .... 

Circular  to  Citizens  of  Boston, 

Clarke,  John  L.,  lOsfj.,  Letter  from, 

Combs,  Hon.  Leslie,  Letter  from, 

Committee  of  Gener.il  Court,  to  arraiij.vp  for  President'.s  reception, 
Cunard  line  of  steamers  to  JJoston,  liusiness  of, 
Committee  of  City  Council  on  the  Celebration, 

Committees,  Sub,  apiioinliil, 

Companies,  Military.    See  Escorts. 

Connecticut,  Letter  from  Governor  of,        -        .        -        . 

Conrad,  Hon.  Charles  ^I.,  Presentation  of.  to  the  Governor, 

Speeuii  of,  at  Pavilion, 
Crampton,  John  P.,  Esq.,  Letter  of,  to  Mr.  Webster, 

DelJhKiuiere,  lion.  P.  B.,  Jjctter  from. 
Do  Bouclierville,  Hon.  P.  B.,  Letter  from, 
Decorations,  &e.,  on  the  lirst  day  of  the  Jubilee, 

on  the  third  day  of  the  Jubilee, 

of  Pavilion,  .... 

Departure  of  Lord  Elgin  from  Boston, 

President  from  Boston, 

President  from  Newport, 
Dinner,  at  Pavilion,  on  third  day, 

at  Bevere  House,  on  lirst  day, 
on  board  the  llotilla,  on  second  day. 
Distances  between  certain  jdaces  in  England  and  America, 
Distinguished  Guests.    See  Guests. 

Dorchester,  arrival  of  President  at,  .... 

Draper,  Hon.  William  H.,  Letter  from,      .... 

Elgin,  Lord,  Arrival  of, 

Departure  of, 

Introiluction  of,  to  tlie  Prcsidor.l, 

Mr.  Mayor  Bigelow's  Address  to,  and  his  Lordship's  Reply, 

Presentation  of  Bou(iuets  to. 

Speech  of,  at  Pavilion, 

Diplomatic  correspondence  respecting  reception  of. 

Extract  from  reply  of,  to  authorities  of  Montreal, 

Emi)arkation  of  Guests  for  the  harlior  excursion, 

Escorts,  Military  Companies  composing, 

Everett,  Hon.  Edward,  Speech  of,  at  Pavilion, 
Excursion.    See  Harbor. 


P«lic. 
Ula 

27.5 
L'T.i 

i;»2 

2I(', 
12 
21 

204 

214 
44 

20.'i 
I'.l 
20 

2()'.» 
77 

i);i) 

201 

211 

214 

CO 

112 

v.n 

ISf, 

.j;t 

l.'iO 
79 
87 

207 


212 

y.'i 

191 

1)7 

'..•4 

23,  125 

104 

201 

218 

82,  84 

59,  io;{ 
171 


Eairbanks,  Hon.  John  E.,  Letter  from, 
Pall  River,  President's  anrival  at, 


2i:i 
53 


•J.S.'j 


I'aiic. 
U\'i 
'J  7  5 
:i7ti 
l!»2 
2|(, 

•n 

21 M 

214 

44 

'JG.'i 

11) 

20 

20',» 

77 

Kio 

201 

211 
214 

00 
112 
150 
I'.U 
ISO 

5.'{ 

ino 

79 

87 

207 

55 
212 

'.).'( 

191 

1)7 

'.M 

3,  125 

104 

201 

218 

i'J,  84 
lO.t 
171 


21. 'J 
53 


Fireworks, 

riotillii.  Vpsst'N  coiii]i(isiiit;, 

IVdiccdini^s  on  htmril  of, 

(joMi'ii  Uiii;,'  of  Vinii'o,  Coiuinuniciition  rcsiicctiug, 
Governor.    Soo  Houtwoli,  Governor. 


KtO,  189 
82 

h7 


Guesls,  Di.stinj;iu.shc(l,  at  Pavilion, 15i> 

at  till-  Hotel!", 51 

on  lioanl  the  Flotilla, 87 

Grand  Junction  Uuilroail,  oiieninf;  of, 8.1 

aeeount  of, ^-l-l 

IIarl)or  of  Boston,  Fxcursion  in, 81 

lleani,  Lieut.  Col.    See  Address. 

Ilincks,  lion.  Francis.  Speech  of,  at  Pavilion, 182 

Howe,  Hon.  Joseph,  Speech  of,  at  Pavilion, l''*5 

Hull,  Rcfrntta  nt, 'JO 

Hunt,  Hon.  Washington,  Governor  of  New  York,  Letter  from,           -        •  207 

llluniinntions, 101,  18.1 

Invitation  of  President,  and  his  acceptance  of  it, 44 

Jubilee,  First  day  of, 

Second  day  of,       -         - 81 

Third  day  of, 1(»2 

Maine,  Letter  from  (!ovcriior  of, 20".» 

Massachusctt:-,  Polls  in,  and  valuation  of  property  in,         ....  073 

JLanufactures  of, 274 

JInyor  of  Boston.    Sec  Big(.'low,  Jlr.  Mayor. 

of  lioxltury,  Address  of,  to  the  President, 58 

Military  Escorts.     See  Kscorts. 

Hcvicw  of,  by  the  President, 78 

Jlcrchants,  Meeting?  of, ;iO 

Jlcciianics,  iMeetin;^  of, 4;J 

iMcreantilc  Lilmiry  Association,  Meeting  of, 43 

Montreal,  City  of,  Proceedings  of  authorities  of, 218 

!Morin,  Hon.  A.  N.,  Letter  from, 211 


Kcw  Brunswick,  Letter  from  Governor  of, 
Newjjort,  Arrival  of  President,  &c.,  at, 
Departure  of  President  from, 
New  York,  Letter  from  Governor  of, 
Northern  l{ailroad,  account  of, 


Ocean  Steam  Ship  Company,  of  New  England,  account  of, 

Ogdcnshurg  Uaili'oad,  account  of, 

Order,  General,  of  the  Governor, 

Order  of  Ceremonies,  Proclamation  of,       .... 
Order  of  Procession.    Sec  "  rrucessiun." 


210 
47 

5;j 

20" 
248 

222 

24  S 
15 


38G 


of, 

.ly  of 


rnlmcrstoii,  Lord,  Despatch  from,  to  Mr.  Cnmiiiton, 

I'livilion  oil  the  Coiiiiium, 

I'loaiiilile  ami  Rcsolvo  for  C'Ichratioii, 

Prefatory  HeiimikM,  

I'resiilcntof  the  U.Statcs,  Address  of  Mr.  Schouler  to,  and  lieply  of, 

Mr.  Wihlcr  to,    - 
Gov.  Uoutwell  to,  and  Hejily  of, 
Hon.  Henry  WiLson  to, 
Lieut.  Col.  Heard  to, 
Mr.  Mayor  JJinelow  to,  and  Kejd 
tlic  Mayor  of  Koxhiiiy  to,  and  Hi 
Arranf,'cment.s  for  Hiception  of, 
Arrival,  at  Boston  Neek,  of, 
Arrival,  at  Donhester,  of,    - 
Arrival,  at  Fall  Hiver,  of,    • 
Arrival,  at  Newport,  of,       -        •        ■ 
Dejiarturc  of,  from  Huston, 
De])urturc  of,  from  Newport, 
Emharkation,  on  hoard  the  S.  S.  Lewis,  of, 
Introduetion  of  Lord  Kl^'in  to,     - 

Invitation  of, 

Opening;  of  (Jrnnd  Junction  Railway  l>y, 
Reception,  at  Boston  Neck,  of,    • 
Reception  of,  hy  the  JIayor  of  Boston, 
Replies  of.    Sec  Address. 
Reply  of,  to  Selectmen  of  Dorchester, 
Review  of  Troops  hy  ... 

Speech  of,  at  Pavilion, 
Visit  of,  to  the  Governor  at  State  House, 
rrocecdings,  during  evening  of  iirst  day,  .... 

during  evening  of  second  day,       .... 
during  evening  of  third  day,  .... 

on  hoard  Flotilla, 

of  School  Committee,  

Processions,  Order  of, 

Procession  of  Trades, 

Traps  and  Hinges,  Harness  and  Saddlery,  Bronze  and  Ornamental 

Iron,    

Hatters,      - 

Turners,  India  Rubber  Goods,  Express  Men, 
Iron  Pipes,  Carriage  Makers,  Riggers,  Museum, 

Bakers, 

Masons,  Carpenters,  House  Painters,  Bellows  Makers, 

Copper-plate  Printers,  Fire  Engines,  I'rinters,     - 

Cabinet  Makers,  Upholsterers,  Papier  Maehe,  School  Furniture, 

Granite  Cutters, 

Silver  Smiths  and  Jewellers, 

Safes  and  Locks, 

Blank  Book  Pagers  and  Rulers,  Iron  liailing,  Furnace,  I{aiigc 

Stove  Dealers,  Tin  Ware  and  Sheet  Iron,    - 
Sewing  Machines, 


50, 


I'.IBi'. 

:<(il 

I'.t 
I 

47 

71 

.M,  IH7 
4'J,  187 
C.3 
.IS 
44 
5<J 

5;t 

47 
180 

.'>;! 

97 
44 

83 

02 

.^)0 
78 

l.'iS 
70 
79 
98 

188 

87 

r.8 

05,  103 

128 

129 
12'J 
130 
131 
132 
13.3 
135 
134 

i;i7 

138 
139 


am 


Proc 


I 


140 
141 


287 


rropcsslon  of  Tnuloi,  rnntinnoil. 

Fin;  Works    Wooden  Wair, 

Ciif  Makers,  l''oiiii(lcrs, 

Leather  Helliti^',  Lust  Makers,  rimnlipr!",  Curpot  Makers, 
OeeupaiKs  of  Faiiciiil  M  ill  Market,  ... 

Taper  niinj:iiiu:s.  Lamps  and  Oas  Fixtures,  Intullipcnco  Ofli 

Forte  Makers, 

Gilders,  Hook  Hinders, 

AKfii'iiltural  AVaros,  Brushes, 

Boat  Clubs,  Carvers, 


Qaincy,  Hon.  Josiali,  Jr.,  Spcecli  of,  ut  ravilion, 

Railroad  System  of  Massaelmsctts,  Account  of, 
llailrottds  of  New  Fnnlnnd,  Names,  J.en^'tli,  and  Cost  of, 

of  Massa<husetts,  Number  of  Pusscn^'crs  on,  and  Receipt' 

certain  years, 

Receptions.    Sec  Arrival,  President,  Committee. 

Regatta  at  Hull, 

Resolve  for  Celebration, 

Review.    See  Escorts. 

Rutland  and  Burlington  Railroad,  account  of,    - 

Route  of  Procession, 


S.  S.  Lewis,  Steamer,  account  of,       •        -        •        - 

Sawtelle,  Hon.  Cnllcn,  Letter  from, 

Selectmen  of  Dorchester,  President's  Reply  to. 

School  Committee,  Proceedings  of,    - 

List  of, 

Schools,  Public,  of  Boston,  Statistics  concerning, 

Schouler,  William,  Es(i.,  Address  of,  to  I'resident,  and  President' 

Simpson,  Sir  George,  Letter  from,     .... 

Speech.     See  Address. 

Speech  of  Gov.  Boutwell,  at  the  Pavilion, 

Hon.  A.  H.  H.  Stuart,  at  the  Pavilion, 
Hon.  Charles  M.  Conrad,  at  the  Pavilion, 
Hon.  Edward  Everett,  at  the  I'avilion, 
Hon.  Francis  Hincks,  at  the  Pavilion, 
Hon.  Joseph  Howe,  at  the  Pavilion, 
Hon.  Josiah  Quincy,  at  tlic  I'avilion, 
Hon.  Robert  C.  Winthrop,  at  the  Pavilion, 
Lord  Elgin,  at  the  Pavilion, 
Mr.  Mayor  Bigelow,  at  the  Pavilion, 
President  Fillmore,  at  the  Pavilion, 

Stewart,  Hon.  Alexander,  Remarks  of,  at  I'avilion,    - 

Stuart,  Hon.  A.  H.  H.,  Presentation  of,  to  the  Governor, 
Speech  of,  at  the  Pavilion, 

Sub-Committees, 


CCS, 


I'iano 


t)f,  in 


Page. 

149 

14.1 
144 

143 

140 
147 
148 
149 

185 

2.30 
2til 

2CA 

90 
19 


s  Reply, 


-       246 

57,  C),  103 


225,  227 

210 

66 

38 

281 

2.-)3 

47 

213 


169 
159 
160 
171 
182 
180 
185 
176 
104 
160 
158 
180 

75 
159 

20 


Trades.    See  Procession. 

Troops,  Review  of,  by  the  President, 


78 


2^^H 

\  rrmont,  Lottor  from  (iovprnor  of,  

Vormont  Criifriil  Ilailroml,  nccouiit  of, 

Vinit  of  (Joinniitlci!  of  ArnuijrciiicntH,  to  Cnimila, 

lVi'>iiluiit,  to  Gov.  Houtwi'll,  lit  till!  Stale  House, 

Wflwtpr,  Hon.  DnnicI,  rrcHt-ntnlion  «>f,  to  (lovcnior,  ntul  Speech  of. 
Letter  from,  to  Mr,  Cramiitoii, 
Letter  from,  to  Committee  of  Invitation, 
Wililer,  Hon.  Marslmll  1'.,  Addresn  of,  to  tiie  I'resiileiit,     • 
Wilson,  Hon.  Henry,  A(l(lrc>ses  of,  to  the  rresident, 
Winthrop,  Hon.  I{oi)crt  C,  Speech  of,  nt  tlic  ruvilion, 


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